Civil War: The beginning

1. CIVIL WAR
Chapter 11

2. Objective:
– Students will be able to summarize the
advantages of North (Union) and South
(Confederate) as well as summarize the
significance of major battles during Civil War
using Graphic Organizer.

3. US Presidents
1. George Washington
2. John Adams
3. Thomas Jefferson
4. James Madison
5. James Monroe

4. 6. John Quincy Adams
7. Andrew Jackson
8. Martin Van Buren
9. William Henry Harrison
10. John Tyler
11. James K. Polk

5. Zachary Taylor
12th
President

6. Millard Fillmore
• 13th President

7. Franklin Pierce
14 th President

8. James Buchanan
15 th President

9. Abraham Lincoln
16th President

10. War with Mexico
Acquisition of California

11. Compromise of 1850
• California became a
Free state
•Henry Clay
• North must enforce the
Fugitive Slave Law
•
• Stephen Douglas
• Proposed popular
sovereignty- let the
people in the territory
decide by voting

12. Harriet Tubman

13. Underground Railroad
 Network of
people that
helped slaves
escape from
south
 Secret routes
and safe
houses were
created

14. Harriet Beecher
Stowe
 Wrote the book:
Uncle Tom’s Cabin


15. Kansas-Nebraska Act,
1854

 This will repeal
Missouri Compromise
Allowing slavery
everywhere

16. “Bleeding Kansas”
Popular Sovereignty

17. Dred Scott v. Sanford,
1857
Slave who lived
in Missouri (slave
state)

18. Decision:
Slaves are not citizens
They are property.
– Court ruled that
Congress can not outlaw
slavery.
– Slaves are allowed
everywhere

19. The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, 1858
Issue: Slavery
Stephen Douglas
Abraham Lincoln

20. John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859
John Brown led a slave
revolt to strike fear at the
heart of the south

21. Abraham Lincoln
16th President

22. Secession- the act of
withdrawing from a union
South
Carolina
was the
first to
secede
Other
southern
states
followed

23. Chapter 11

24. CIVIL WAR
Chapter 11

25. AGENDA
Mission Statement:
The mission of John F. Kennedy High
School is to develop our island students to
become globally prime high achiever
ESLR
Responsible citizen
Problem Solver
Effective Communicator
Technologically Literate

26. Lincoln’s Choices
He wanted to prevent
war.
“No state can lawfully
get out of the Union”
“We are not enemies,
but friends.”
“A House divided against
itself cannot stand” -- A.
Lincoln
:
Jefferson Davies:
“All we ask is to be left
alone” -- J. Davies

27. Urgent!
THE VERY NEXT DAY
An important message came from Major
Robert Anderson commander at Fort Sumter,
South Carolina
Supplies at the Fort are
almost gone. If new
supplies are not sent soon,
we will be forced to
surrender the fort to the
Confederacy.

28. What to Do???
If I send troops…Southerners might attack
If I send troops and
ammunitions….Southerners WILL attack.
If I do nothing…the commander will have
to surrender.

29. Decision
Lincoln decided to send supplies ONLY!
And see what the Southerners would do

30. Confederate President Davis
Davis decided to take over the fort
BEFORE the supply ships arrived.
Demanded them to surrender.
NEVER!!!!

31. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861
The Confederate troops FIRED on the fort
Major Anderson and his men ran out of
ammunition and had to give up.

32. The Confederate States (South)

33. The Union (North)

34. The Border States (part of Union)

35. Advantages and Disadvantages:
North
 22 million population
 More people
 100,000 Factories
 More factories
 70,000 miles of Railroad
 More railroad
 Strong navy
 Fighting to preserve
the Union
South
 9 million population
 Open vast land
 20,000 factories
 9,000 miles of Railroad
 Defending homeland
 better trained soldiers
leaders
 No navy
 Fighting to preserve way
of life (slavery)

36. Rating the North & the South

38. Railroad Lines, 1860

39. Strategic Plan:
North
Anaconda Plan
•
•
•
•
Divide- control
Mississippi
Open for invasionTennessee
Surround with naval
attack
Capture Richmond
South
•
•
Defend existing
territory
Hold out long
enough to tire
North

40. Gen. Robert E. Lee (South)
It is a good thing war is
so terrible; else we
should grow too fond
of it”

41. A Northern View of Jeff Davis

42. Battle of Bull Run,1861
First battle
Union marched to
Virginia
Thomas Stonewall
Jackson (C)blocked
the advance
•
•
•
•
inexperienced
North retreated
•
•
streets clogged with
spectators
Jackson (C) infantry
charge caused Union
troops to stampede.

43. Ulysses S. Grant (North)
–
–
–
–
Believed in action not in
making plans
Flexible-sudden changes
in battle plan
“Find out where your
enemy is and get
them as soon as you
can”
Tennessee:
– took Fort Henry
– Fort Donelson
– took Shiloh
Strategy lesson learned:
Need of scout,
trenches,
fortifications
“When in
doubt, fight”

44. Battle of Antietam
Lee plan to move war to
North
Lee –plan of surprise
attack-secret message
Confederate soldier lost message
hidden on a cigars
Union found message
Bloodiest Battle
A single day of
fighting left 23,000
dead.

45. Emancipation Proclamation
It freed the
slaves only in
states that have
seceded from
the Union.

46. Battle of Chancellorsville
Lee sent Stonewall
Jackson in a
surprise attack,
nearly destroying
the Union army on
the first day.
This was General
Lee’s greatest
victory, defeating a
force twice its size.
Lee determined to
invade the North
again, hoping a
victory there would
end the war.

47. The Battle of Fredericksburg
Lee- took victory
– Jackson was shot accidentally by one of
his soldiers caught pneumonia and died