A report presented in PA 208 class at the UP NCPAG by Sheila Lo Dingcong as DPA student

1. Administering the Public Good
from Without
Civil Society and Public Administration
Sheila Lo Dingcong
PA 208

2. Civil society is the
"aggregate of non-
governmental
organizations and
institutions that manifest
interests and will of
citizens (operating within
the framework of
law)." Civil
society referred to as the
"third sector" of society,
is distinct from
government and business.
(Wikipedia)
Civil Society

4. Civil Society (Carino, 1999)
• Consists of the complex of citizens and groups
outside government but working in the public
arena. It is sometimes called by other names,
such as nongovernment organizations (NGOs),
or the nonprofit or voluntary sector.

5. Civil Society (Carino, 1999)
• Attempts to represent the interests of the
inarticulate and the excluded even as they
endeavor to organize them so that they may raise
their own voices on social issues and exercise
their own power over themselves and the
collective life of the nation.
• They get involved in governance to the extent
that they contest the power of the state or show
alternative ways of service provision and policy
formulation.

6. Governance Model
http://image.slidesharecdn.com/goodgovernance-101220234830-phpapp01/95/good-governance-origin-concepts-and-components-8-728.jpg?cb=1292889590
The exercise of authority is
uppermost in government
and remains significant in
governance, but is no longer
its single focus. This is
because the power in
governance is not so much
wielded as shared, and
authority is defined not so
much by the control of the
ruler as by the consent and
participation of the
governed (Carino, 1999).

7. Institutionalizing Governance
• 1987 Constitution
▫ Art II Sec 23 expressly provides that “The State
shall encourage non-governmental, community-
based or sectoral organizations that promote
welfare of the nation.”
▫ Article XIII on Social Justice and Human Rights,
“Section 15. The State shall respect the role of
independent people’s organizations to enable the
people to pursue and protect, within the
democratic framework, their legitimate and
collective interests and aspirations through
peaceful and lawful means.”

8. • Local Government Code
▫ Chapter 4. Relations with People’s and
Nongovernmental Organizations.
 Section 34. Role of People’s and Nongovernmental
Organizations
 Section 35. Linkages with People’s and
Nongovernmental Organizations.
 Section 36. Assistance to People’s and
Nongovernmental Organizations.

9. • Philippine Development Plan 2011-2016
▫ Citizens’ participation has been one of the
strengths of Philippine governance. Partnerships
between government and CSOs facilitate the
promotion of good governance.
▫ The government also partners with CSOs in
promoting transparency, accountability and public
participation in the preparation, authorization,
execution and monitoring of the national budget.
These efforts must be sustained and, in some
cases, deepened.

10. 7 Phases in the Evolution of Philippine
NGOs (Alegre, 1996 as cited in Alfiler, 1999)
• Pre-1965 – Antecedents of NGOs
• 1965-1972 – Social Activism
• 1972-1978 – Political Repression under Martial
Rule
• 1978-1983 – Expansion Phase
• 1983-1986 – NGO and the Mass Movement
• 1986-1992 – Painful Transition
• 1992-1996 – Maturation and Renewal
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• 1996-2001 – Global CSO and Tactical Alliances with Govt
• 2001-2010 – Professionalization and Mainstreaming
• 2010-2016 – Cooptation and Cross-over

11. Categorization of CSOs (David, 1998)
• NGIs – non-government individuals
• Membership-based organizations
▫ PACO – professional, academic, civic orgs
▫ PO – people’s organization
 GRIPO – government-run/initiated POs
 GUAPO – genuine, autonomous POs
• Institutions and Agencies
▫ DJANGOs - development, justice, advocacy NGOs
▫ TANGOs – traditional NGOs
▫ FUNDANGOs – funding agency NGOs
▫ MUNGOs – mutant NGOs

12. Categorization of CSOs (David, 1998)
• MUNGOs – mutant NGOs
▫ GRINGOs – government-run/initiated
NGOs
▫ BONGOs – business-organized NGOs
▫ COME N’GOs – NGO entrepreneurs
• Ideological Forces – alternative ideological
paradigms

13. The Partylist System
• An institutionalized mechanism of integrating
CSO within the government bureaucracy
• The Party-List System enables marginalized
underrepresented sectors and small parties to
truly participate in elections and obtain
representation in the House of Representatives
• It decentralizes power from established Political
Parties that traditionally dominate Congress.
• Started in 1998
▫ APEC, ABA, Alagad, VFP, PROMDI, AKO, NCSFO, Abanse!Pinay,
Akbayan, Butil, Sanlakas, Coop NATCCO, Cocofed, Senior Citizens

14. Integration in Government
• NGIs appointed in key government posts
• NGIs join elections for regular posts
• Ex-women and men become part of the
campaign machinery of rich government officials
and as part of the staff (from LGUs to Senate)

15. Maraming salamat
at marami akong
natutunan sa
inyong lahat!