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Scope
Sequence
Continuity
Integration
Articulation
Balance
All the content, topics, learning
experiences, and organizing threads
comprising the educational plan.
(Ralph Tyler)
Refers to the curriculum's horizontal
dimension. (John Goodlad & Zhisin Su)
Scope of the Curriculum is usually
structured in units and units are
divided into lesson plans
Order of topics overtime
Also called vertical dimension
Jean Piaget provided a framework
for sequencing content
Based on Piaget's Theory of
Cognitive Development
Simple to complex learning –
content & experiences are
organized from simple to complex,
easy to difficult.
Prerequisite Learning- bits of
information must be grasped
before other bits can be
comprehended.
(Smith, Stanby and Shore, 1973)
Whole to Part Learning -
overview before the specific
content or topics.
Chronological learning – refers to
content whose sequence reflects
the time of real world occurrence.
Example is history, political
science and world events.
Concept-
related
sequence
Inquiry-
related
sequence
Learning-
related
sequence
Utilization-
related
sequence
Concept-related method
It focuses on concept's
interrelatedness
Inquiry-related model
It reflect the steps of
scholarly investigation
Learning-Related Sequence
Where individuals learn
through experiencing
content and activities
Focuses on how people who use
knowledge or engage in a particular
activity
Utilization- Related Learning
Refers to the smoothness or
absence of disruption in the
curriculum over time
3. Continuity
Curriculum 1 Curriculum 2 Curriculum 3
A A A
B B B
C D
D D C
E E E
F F
G G H
H H G
Sequence without continuity is
possible but continuity without
sequence is not
Continuity is mostly manifested in
Jerome Bruner's notion of the
spiral curriculum
4. Integration
Linking all types of knowledge
and experiences within the
curriculum plan
4. Articulation
 Refers to the smooth flow of the
curriculum on both vertical and
horizontal dimensions.
 In vertical articulation, suggest
sequencing of content from one grade
level to another.
 Horizontal articulation - association
among simultaneous elements
5. Balance
 It is necessary to provide weight to
each part of the design
Guidelines for Curriculum Design
 Create a curriculum design committee
comprising teachers, parents,
community members, administrators,
and if appropriate, students.
 Create a schedule for meetings to
make curriculum - design decisions.
 Gather data about educational issues
and suggested solutions.
 Process data on available curriculum
designs and compare designs with
regard to advantages and
disadvantages such as cost,
scheduling, class size, and match with
existing curricula.
 Schedule time for reflection on the
design.
 Schedule time for revision of the
design
 Explain the design to educational
colleagues, community members, and
if appropriate students
Curriculum design qualities

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Curriculum design qualities