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ie trVll*{ nrr: []ie r*tuil,Ernentr* r:f. * g**d ft:u:rdi*tion?
{{}4 hlarks}
o Discuris tlle v*rrious mc:thods o{'irnprerving t}w t r;*ring c;*prilcity *f's*i,ls. {{}6 n}xrk*}
l- lle*ign * r**tung,uinr cumt>ined. fi:*tir:g ftir coiu::*ns A and B spaceei at 32.0$
mm c/c fr,lr the
{<lllou'in61 riata:
(;ohxn* ; . I30xxl5{.}u:r:: , c&r}'i*"r lln axi.au] i**d i?{)i}
kii"
(;olur:x: t} : ?.30x$S0mm, r.*rrir:s;rn axial
l*atl l*0S kN,
Rrrslri*t &e widrll of l.*i:ring {.n 1i.00 mrm. $BC *t sfiil is lst) kl,j/m?
{,I.{}'l!*arks}
what is bE:nding ii: hric',kw*rk'l t/lrtt are th* e*nsicl*rntir:ns to l:r *n.sursd
ft:rr g**rl i:londi*g1
{(}{r i?larks}
l-)rsti*guisii ir(iw*r:n ll.*qiisli }-i*nd ;r*r:i f:'li:nrish hrirrrj"
t-. .
{t}4 [,1*r'ks]
fhem witi: sket*hes. {t{l itxaykx}
_r d. Deline'scafY'olding' and rnentit:n its,cornpon*nt par1s.
{{}5 It$xrkx}
ir. Dcfinc 'un'Cerpinning' xnd lner*i*n sorne rl'th* situali*ns whi*ft rjemand
uncler.pinlling,
f )clinc: itn at'ch- fu{eutlor: i}:c vari*r.r$
{05 Mxrkrl
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it{} lVf*rks)
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! r.
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"iir*,
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i-' wr"ile l:r ir:115' {}ll iu}Y lwo E:l' rlr* fnllowing. ,vitlr
stair" {i*, M*rks}
tre*t sketchcs: i) p**e
ii; ( r:ilapsible i-1al.r* iiii iittv '.vir;rii:;v ir,) {.1*r:r:er wi*rJ<rw v) V*nli}at*r. Iled door
{r$ t11$nrtr.s}
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with i1m* 0r *em*nl, nr*rku in lwci
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{r}6 h{**"ks}
Writc shlrt r_x.)I{:s fit}:
ir. iilillurv cE.*icrr:ir* llltc.ks.
0. urbiiir*r,1 r:::url hkr*ir_.;.
il. Ilrecast r"r:r ling *i*rn*r.l{s. (?{i &*xrkr}
tirurn a
, i
h' fitat is tlirlnp pr*ui"-*t>u:rs*? }:)x;:X*jn its ner;sssity in rr b.*ilding, {t{iMxrks}
Lr. wtrat ir* {irc rr:rluirsrn*nls c:1, irl.:al r:ral*r:ii:r} fi:r rjnrn.p p,,*ot,n[i i{}s l}-{*rtar}
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b. wirat is it n*ise *:;uxi:1f 'obtrrinJn*"va.rue,s r:f v:11.,
v*r, vs)L & v*u n-J--;,[THl
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c' Whi:t is iu""hl*st.tj dcsigrr'/ -vir*r. i:lrirr IJle rrierits
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ngr*s inv*r!*r rvitil }to,* tOtf*, Zpr,= 4 &
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{or N stag*l* r)tr ru*rus & crnus invertrlrs in
terms *{'
-{"*}f,{-;;.ii i{}$ &t*rk*}
5 Vltiit llu'i: iire,: i;r::;1jjj1g, iiri:l*ri: {i:r- :
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Cllrrr;rii d*rrsrty "l j,nr>wor. ip__*
h *r'Ii"l;lr*rr pruclucr P,r. ,1'l;13'1a5;
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},.Ji:l+ is tlausrrri:;si*n gi:t<: *.sr:J rr l'::
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i ii:I 1l ti'[' Iop,ir u:; r
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g *.: nsi<l t:ril li*rrs,J
in
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3. {}{i{-)v43
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,fl'tlfl$". *S,
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$tnr$tt,r*s rvit$ +u*r*pi *t;. {{},i S:I:u"lr,*}
i.:. Writ$ ll:t: rttisiu.nlrtioni; mnci* in th* u.nri.trysis oi.n Ilin.j*inf*c1 plmre
(i. ir;incl t"l:r: {tiri:e,s jn u.ll nlcr^r"li:*rs r.rj'lirg I}i1"joint*ci
1^rusi;, {{}4 &,lxrtsl
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uf:join1.s.
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r.rsinlr m*ur*nt lur:*r
rn$thod. I::i consiar"rt.
{{}(r itnrk*}
I I?- jcr,,r I IDHIV
$- J.tr**_{, ffi
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*<lr: ji.rg*te l:ennr rrrut):ort" "l"ilj<e l: ,'.'?(J0 x l{ir'le i{lu:} "i}''{ i.rsir:1{
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t
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h,i strai il t:il(:)i'il,}., r::r:t hr rtl
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4. *${'l'4}
I"'i*el ttr* verti*ai deflsction at oF' firrjointed truss sh$wn ir,r Fig,Q.4, usiug uuit l**r]
the, Pin
mgtht:*. Assum* srLl$s soctionel area o{'e**}r menrh*r trs I lX}0 m*nr? *rui ,H :,: }fifi {iPa"
(){} tutr*rku}
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4' i ". --." "**.-*& "t.
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3 dl
a r;h,*nr at..$nr {irr:r lefi end. (I$ Mrrrks]
t). , titlsptlrxitln cairle l,60rn and 16nt centrai clip carries n lciarl *f lkNln"l, Calculate maximugr
tensiorr ir"i {}rc cai:le. AIst fincJ th*: }t*riz*nt;r.l and vi:rrrual f'crrce* in *acli iricr il tire *,nei:t'rr
*ahle is irtclirrcd at .J{)o tt) ti'lt: ht>'riz*lttiil lrnrl*r rhe :full<iwimtr4 a}tr:rnativr* r:.ur:.dit,irxls.
j.,.i I,t't.h* *ahle, p*r:$*$ #1,*'r ki*ti*nl*s,* r.*li*rs un *r* t*gr *f'lli*r.
ii,) Lf th* **h*e fiirxly r;iartped,trt s*eisllffi mni*d,** fiictit:rll*r;s rr":,I1*r srn tl'r* t*1: +t'tli*
I:iir:r'.
tl{} &{r*rrkxi}
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rn*tlrorj. AIsn :ikt:rch.f-IMI) arr*t Sl:l). {1{} tut*r^k*}
t ;bS hrt
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r.rcll erl 2{}k^N,,}x ibl iihn {iuur Istj lin.nrt tupn*rt '["lrt: Ml v*r:ers
a$ t.il* s*ctlrlr of'tlr* sl*pil *J
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;ra!it:*t p*i*ii; {}* Mtlrkrel
:s {. **&
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5. IisN i lil
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_}]wxs*-I,nly 2{}{}g
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: I hrs.
5i*te: Milx. Mfirlcs: I l){l
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oJ'a tJ:r:*r]olits? Lixpia,in tj:* spire test.
tl "i'Jre {lf} Mtrrk*i
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6. {}$CV4r$
a. Dif.flerentiat{* hetlveen rhe ihllorvir:g
i), Mirit ^ r:::riin*te a-nd apcx ciislanc*
ii) iloint ol'curve and point o.f,tarrgency. {$4 i},r*rksi
v*:rsctl sit:* l.rf'5rn. '[]r* rxrJinates ilrc to he mea*trlrcxl fic:r:r rhr: Irrng i,trt,rrt at irn int*rv;l i.il.
i rrrr.
, f']rrr
{CI$*I*rksi
t:f radi*$ 5{)0rn- }J'the c}rnina;lc r:l'thc i.ntefsecrinn p*int is 1000.0m C,rlculafs fhe clir*r fbr
s*tttrtg +Lti *tlrvo
Lry l{arr.klne's <Jeflu{:tion iurp,le mcthod. l:ake the nonnhl i}i+rd **
. ttl Marks}
{t#
-
*. l'l^r* firll+rvin-1rj:*tu. ru{*r'r.* il r^ig,ht hantt ,rrrrrrp*urrd curvr:
r) l]"*tnl d*ti*ctir:n *::gie.,,, g{Ji'
' r'Y: i l
ii) lt"sdius $iihe trrst arr: .'Z{}Orn
ii,ii ltadins o['th* ser:oniJ. ilr* *, tj{irn
) it') Chainruilc oflti:*: p,trint r:f,iniers**ti{lr1 *= I50rl.R{lrn
vi I)*flr,:*:ti*r* *ngl*:'r:i'l}'r* fir"sl air* ", S{}.,
lii(1#r)Ii(:''i.
h' A rt''*.nt c*rv* Ail}} is tt> he set ex,ll i:etw*en t.w* parall*:i rtr:aights $0rr: apsrt 'f
?il*l}ffitl}
twil rarl$*rlt p*jnI"$ , *nrJ Ii] rs I2*r:i. Fi;r.i
h*lrvr:*r:r':
ji 'i*!"rc
**;:iius Id it'{{.1 ,", }{, *, q
rij 'l'hr.l
rai,iir.rs l{2 ii'R1 ,=, 1{}{irn.
Aiso r:alculatc th* lengtlts crf 'hrrth t,he al*s o'f r$verse cun,e, {{,, tut*rk^s}
a' Whert i$ i:l tl"iirlsiit,iil,t: curvt:? fixplair: f.hc r*qtlil'r:*:n*nts *f'a trlu:sitir>n clrr.c. s.t*rku}
{{}dr
'":. ""r{,li rrt:;ll rik^*,tc}rr:s c,tplajn il:* iypcs {if, r.i.:r-firrr}l curr,*s. {{}6 ${*rks)
(.r d_
1.-
l'' '
hJ " 1s{i*ttit,_,4r*'i* t:l zi:ti.r r;i:"cl* * 22{}il*,rr'. d.i;,rn*t*r,irtti* rnll*r,,,Zcrn, .f.}r* r,t:riter ivss
p:irr;t:,* hr:r,*rttj ih+ hrr.rH* nt a djlitrfnft: t)f'3crn.
'I'I:* M*rk*-i
uru:x*; *ntrl*sr:sj hy vurii:lr*, **nr,r.-,r, ui*-.ii"** h+i*rr ',6
{*-rirtii,'rrll i;iti l{l{ lri
l I .., ii-, t2t] l')(
I i?
s
,.-,
Arila i,i:a; ;1 l* r{ 3rl :)5
I")*t+rrtrir:* {i:ru:,Jlirl;t{:.if,y *{' ti"r* re.:^slvoiF, if the {tll re**ruoir
lr:vel is I25^{}nr by b*{}r rhe
prisu:r-ri*i*l and tr';rpe;lti**I r"ril*, l,4nt:r*: lh* r'$l'Lrme helnrv Ii..
t, I{}*.0rn. {{}fl ibt*r,k$}
*$r+
1 _.. t) ,
.!-. t1 t :,

7. ,{
{}{}{"1I4$
Xi'qlu*"th,$*:.r,xr*x{r*N- $$.5{. }}egree &Ix*tlx{snll iss}, "}u'ffi&*#uly ?tX}S
$ssrd rm xs $$ m ax xx d F$}nc$x"m x* w ss mwr$N $ ss e.s $$
Ir4 a.-q. N{;,rr:ks;. I 0{.i
i'iritr:: :i 1ri's"
Fiic.!$.*: .f, ..dru.srr*,r.lj, {o}$j,, f;.f $/f.l /tifJ ry*xnsff,*rr.E ss{sr.:Ifitgg af d*lrrsf I'W# !'rutnr r''*rr:lr p#rt'
?' if*rr'i* rrf'*x* p'lrlrrtrr sg strdtrrrJ-rf1' rr't'si*ru**rr1*
'&'$l'r"s'frrg
ff*S[.::t1!
,{ i:l . llist.inllr.iii;h b*ttt,*t.)Ir i.)tr)tli] ults:tt.ttcl ilti''v and pi1:* fltlw. {0;{ fr,Ialks}
i.
iJ-
3.*it}r:.lf I in
C. ;t: r:**ti,t11gulnr e,hu:nt:l *rn wiel* anri ,Iln"clecq has 900. and is. iinoti x;it"}-i
iui:rr:;i$r: iir eii"r*hi:rr1:*;. i{}s tut*rht}
"t
c.
chann€i.
rr is.hservcd in rhc ionn,Hon hvdrauric jurnp in a l.5m wirte recorg"r", *r*,S,i11 .f ,tti[ tl$.- /;J:
tl,:p*r ol flow bt{orc and after lhc-iump are ().1 5m aad I .2m rcspeorively. f ind thc dischsrge,Yex
.riiical Jr2rtr arrrl loss oihead rr; (08 M!rk') ihc;rimp. ,-#l/ '.
d;f// JJlt ;
in pig:e:1. {ii'* '}'[*rk'si /
:t li.;rliiit:ir {itr: i-rii*i:tiiiit-:til;lt t.tj ^"'iil.tir it;lirtttt.t:r"
i:
.i iilr r .
iil$ $artrrs)
,!.'Jiut is lt.nVir:if,;1:'s
,nr*t,]ltd r:i d i n:t:nsi g lt il 1 n n i,ri yt i *? Ilxp I i*i r':'.'vi tlr ;itt *"c i:ll:R1)l e - {i.l$ ir,'l l*r}i*}
Lt.
"b.
ilix ;r I *i rt: :trr:r * J.I
-v {hr:,t?t I 1 i.r tt, :i;i S
ii il**r*t:l:r:i*sir::illlrttlq ii ) l'ir n*rri;* t ic: tiii:riIirity ii ii l.)-rr:irrni c sirr: ii artt'
tiltr i.tl&rks)
I iri rrg ISur-:i< ilr,lghilili' :l H {}r*ilr*t:i rt}:*r,r, tirat tl:r.* v*lil*ity ttrrtrrrlir it cit'cul*t" r:il{.ii:* is give:n
i)1,,; ,,,,,
,l-:lii:i i ii ,O l,.,ll{}i"rt: I:'l is l}rq ir*ntj ca,usi:ig. t[tr* liltw- I"] is tlre rJi;ili:*t';r of
i Il
i,., tlii: rirass) ij*r'rsri., iittti 1l is t,l:r:: iti:ttllilt'iilitltt titl{: i{.1
q i)'"i ,,t urks]
*5fli#S'
5 $.
iriri..:rit lftu axis r>l .1*t rlr*viit13 iir thcl tii:-et:ti*rt u{"i*t :s I(il?-T. tI{} l'larks}
!r A ri:iir:n rvlr*.i':i irit:; ir:i lx: i.Jr::ii;*,:*i:i irrr th* iiiJl<iwirr.g c3ilta:
iltJ"'r't.:i- 1u ir'i:; iii.:r"'l:iti1l;i.:tl ' {i{tfli:l( 1'.
j''ii,:i i'r*itti irvi*ii;ii.rir: '"' -ii)l');fi" spr:r::tt "'" ii{1{} 1'111'fi.
i{.iri"ir: r:f:'l*i. r.ititilrr.:t{..1t- ilit: rv}tr:*} tiiiur:r*1t;:r''""" i'r ii}
i.lrrer-lll I i::t ll*r*iti;y ""'' $ (&"'i'
A.ssr-*t:* {),. ,,,', .qi' :;p*e:ij 1-p1llq3 "" {j.ri.i:. 1}t} }trrr"hs1
r {..1

8. {}6CV45
il. turi:i*e has to b* ciesigned to give en overall orfi put of .t?5 KW under a head *f
A:$,:rnmcis
llilrn.'l'he r*tational specd is 700 qpm. Determine the main dimensions of tirerunnerr runner
vrlne fflgk:s, a$*uming, iryctraulic loss*rs as I0Yo, fl*w rnti* 0" I 5, ratio of ii:ner t* s*t*r
ciia:neter:x (}.$, rati* of wjdtir. to dianrotsr ft{ $utlet'* (}.}, *vera}i efllciency as 0,$2, Area
hh*ked try thickrress of r:un"ner v&nss is 0,5%, (1fl Mar*s)
h; A Kap,lan turhine wt:rking un{Xsr a head o{:2(}rn ctevelops l2t}00 KW. The *uter diarneter of
*re qqqqer is 3.i* and innlr
f,*IT!*o of the hub is t,?Sln.
The guide blade an$le at the
: ,extr$ry.re
: :
edgs of:,ths:rulrner is 35o, fhe hydraulic Bnd overall efficiencies are 88% end 84%
i:r:. !:':":. : :- -: :-.
*utl*r alid in,l*t and aI** spc*d *f th* turbins. Ilraw the v*lo*ity triangles, (I{} M*rk*}
ix lefins *pecific. spssrl r:f a hydr*ulic irirhinb. Derjve *n rxiuatirm firr specilir: spr:ed in tsn:rs
*f t:perating speeri, p$wer'and licaci" (st ft{nrks)
h. Wtr*t is a eh,aft rube? Wh*t are its tun*tions? Write the ditibrent tlipe$ of dralt tube ak:ng
rrriih sk*tcir*s. ({}S Mmrks)
{). $efi*e unitr spr:r:ci, *nit di*chi*rgr: nrNl urtit pilw*l. ilr:riv* the *xprc*sion fur thtvse t$rrns,
(06lkl*rlr*)
S rr, I)$liflr)
i) Ma*o,metrjc efficien*y
ii) Meeilu"ni*ul e*[:ciency
iii) $v*r"trll *tfr*i*u*y. {*ti *I*rkr}
h. lVhut is prirning uiieentn{ilgal pu$},p anrj h*w it is dCIne? {*s;t**rlr*}
c. Th* <lianteter of an irnpeller of a c€flh"ifugnt putnp at irilet and outlet are 3t)0mne and 600mni
resp*rtiveJy" 'I"he velocity of flow at outlet is ?nr/s and the vanss ttre $et hack *t an angle t:f
45o at the fiutlet. I)*termirre the :liniinurn startin.g $pssd of tire pump if the manornefi:ic
*fli*i*r:rcy i s ?il9'i'. {{}{i M*rrk*'}
***'$*

9. ',':,'..'',,',,,,,,Y.,,,.','''".,.T''',.',,,,',.,,,1
r i"i{ rriril
lliii
llilrr
s$MA"I',4I
.......1................1.....--.... -1......-..........r.......... ......., ..-.............
$rqlq$x-t,h Sr*$xI*Il$;*r S*".F:. $*gs"** $,1x*nrxxixlmt**xa, Jxxur**"$'uty ?{}{}$
ffiwxgg,gs'ssxffir $?S &$rx*hmxwms$wffi -* MW
'l.imc: I hrs Ms*. Ma**s: t*$
Fi g $.* ; ,$ rus l,uer r*my Jri $,.{l ./irrff {d *ss;$t'i$ s*^s, .t*r/xlr:*$mg
rss dcx*^tf 'flpy{} *pc*es$,J*srs.S*r** cmrJx 3:wri(.
$)A${.'$]*-"/
,l .,
(i. Sillvc -111. ,.. 7.y +.-lc'{ , ,v((}) * t} " {..lsing'Iayliy,,'o $eries rnetlrr:d *n fincl y(0.1'), -v((};2). {txt'il{trrks}
r
i.[v
fuurth srricr lo s*lr,rc x -h Y, y{S) *' 1 ril x *.. t}.2 rvith slr:p
h lJs* Rr^ing*-Kutta m*liit;lci o:['
X =.
icngtl: lt "'" tJ.?,^ fi)? llt*trksi
)
l.ise Xili{ne's pn*ciictor *-*orrec. t.r:r rur*thocl t* fir:d y at x '"'' 1.3.g, given $I^ ::: K -* 1f With,
*o:l* .*i dx
I x i"o i*ii r- | l*it 6
l it-i ili-{it,i luliltt j
l-i-.Ll$1"
,'pply q.:r.:t:r'*ri:l.tll $utr). {l}? lYtr*rks)
Jri Find i.l-ie arraly{i* fi-r*cti*l"r (23 *'' 11 "l- iv if v ''' ,;)* (x .sin 3" + y ofir$ y}" (*6'F+I*rks}
ir rind ti:* irxlrg*: *l litr*:x 6rui:atr.lcl ts x ". rLXiri iirnd lin*s paraJ.l*1 t* y -* axis rffidrir' {ht:
i.r-an:;ii::lmLllio:l u' ':":' y"': i.}lllvl,
iian:ili.:li"r'lLrljo:l ur :::::: y"'r |}lllvl, trt:iti skrll*h.
skrllt*t. {*TMarks)
(*? Marks) .fnlJ@ r
I
({}?
; .d-/ -.- '""
!.$
",),.{:iIir rhr1r- f {.a} ,,,,,,
."1
*- i-lt*,|. ,1, ,
-i:L i :' c. i.
{fi$ib{xrksr@
{fi$ ib{xrks}
Stiil.rt {.-lirt:t:l:,*s r*;irlti,* 'll'ir:e..rt'*rrt. }le:ltt:* i,'t' tll.h'':s"tvis* *va.luiite
..'
i (.'I
i...... . .....*......-..............-...---i+;1.1 [irr''{. 'tr.r !r1l .,, -i, ' {(}7 lbt*rks}
I
(u-r-l).
.$ i].
.
I)rt:r,e thi1r -l ,...ix),.,,, .,1""*" nion . {(}{r Marl*}
.r.i' t xx
u- i:x1:r'*:is 1:ulyn*rtrial ,)x:i ' x? *ji:< I2 i n lul r:r.s u I' I....* gonci i:* pri I
"l't:
*l u [ *Is. {il7 Mcrkrri
Cuir:putt: L*,r, l:'1, P:, [']. .l:ta l;*in14 it.r:iir:itrt,ur:' s fi:rrt*u l*. {07 M:tri*s}
I,:itSK:-$$
I;'it a 1:illirbolll ,,'*'' ii i i]x ; cx:, qll:tt:th*, ij*ta : {fl* M*rkx'}
, 1. i ,,
:l- r
' I'}"
I ,,- ;1" i "" i .j-. .r:"".-.i,*.,: ""-1. ".::: . -.i ..: "
I I ir i r ]-i-]
,.1'j il,{lr I
j ll I ii,ii I {)::l!j i (}:{ii i"?-II i"$,i:1. i .""i
i.)ht-ar* t!r* cu*{ l:it;nL *{'ci:rrc}itliil:t ;*iniJ thi: lierrs <:{ r*gr*ssi*n if
-5 {$? Mxr[ir3
I .....*..i". -....,'i- *-j-i -;{i i i 1- l q-fTit1-l i-| ii I
:
h
I I --1. , i : t
l y i tr i i lio-l e i xz I tn { 1$l i,}l}Ii
t... ....
{
- . .
iil
h$s {ill.:r tir:Iri r":'i'tr.:1ts itnd *ltru*{:r$^ J"iv* tf'" 1}r**s $*t$ ilrf, r:t ont: **l*ur and thc i;thcr
i:lr tt:li: :ir:t
twi: s*}s *rr: *$. riift*r*nt c+1<lt,tt"ti" itot tll.il', ljtr.r..r. n*lcu"rsi. if th* cu.pll &r* plnr:ed r*ndt'rruly l:n
riirriil*ls;. rvi:ili ix ti:.* 'prr:h::[:ilit3; ilrot no *ul] is rlrt i; sij.fi,tc*r t:f sanr* coir.lull {{}7 &{r*rkx) .
I t:t"?

10. {}#:MAT:4 X
with an *xa^rnple' {0$ Mr*rk*i
*. *el-l-l*,,i).&nnd*in v&ris,bi{i ii) Discrcte prgi:ability tiistribxtiunWlrat is tle prohability that out
'I'he probahilitY il:trt a rnan *g*ri 60 wili live up tg ltl is 0.ir5,
h. q iii) irit lsn$t ?" will live up to {he ag*: *l
o1' l0 tl-Itl),n, nt:'rv n8eci (:0, i) n:iacti1, 9. ii) at rhr* m**;1
{t}? *{xrks}
1/{} yl:*trs^
64' ilir-ld th* ul*i'lr]
o. ln a ni:rmai rii*trihr:tinu" 3i.xr r:f'the itctrti: att: tltiicier 45 ;lnd $r)( *r* *ver
iit:tJ sta:nrJilrxi dev i iititln - giv*tl ttrar A(0.5) "'' 6, tS anil A(l .4] ''- 0.4:l' {0? il{arks}
ir. ,[ir:r] t]:e plr:h*l:ilil.v ihat irr Ir3ft [o$i;e$ o{ a J:air coin bstw,o*n 45'X, anel 55?ir n{ t'}re otttc*mes
*r* h{,.aclx"
{flti h{*rt<x}
ix xr*king, ensine p*r1s tvil.ir irxlc ilianrslrtt' r:l'ii."i irrch*s' A rirncl+m sarnPle oi"
b. A ()l 0,04 inch*s" 0rr tlrc
show**l u ,*,.*** rii, rt.,{"li incl"t*s- '"vith, il stttnc}iird dr:viaii*n
'*cc.hanist.
l* ;:;tris
w*rk ix in,fbri*r itt 5t% [*v*l oi' signi iieat:cr.
h*s,i.r *f thi$,$*Irrlill*, un* lt h* c*ncittd*<i thar lhe
{{}7 Mark*}
i$lll:ri,,ing deta {est t}r* itypothesis that the acc'idents are uniform'iy
elistribut*d tv*r
c. l;*r ]rr*,
irl[ t}:r* *itri''* t:f thu r't'*eil firr 9t% *orl{it}*n**'
"},lftLj
Y.4,
{$7 Mxrks}
i:linr"i i** --
t"L{ir,tgiir*1 tj i s tr:
j L:i.r1,i t: rt * {' x
distrii:*ii*n * l' 3r
Mlargir:a.l
{i*v (x,3i) if ,tifr* i*int' Bc{t'*{:x arrc* y is
{i){r kE,arl<-*1
b.
[:ine*'ih* fisx*d proh*hililv'?**.r-*rr:{"r*g*l;w sfi:'*hnsti* xrentrix
i-i:.:; ir."1:: ii.]:j i
(ii? &{rlrk*}
i' ::^r {1, i{ i)
11I'|i
{I I i.,/ l
i. .,,+
A r:,*lrrp*ny *,t**:liti't'* *ha::g*x i.ris *;rr {jrr*l}r yrlar, Ii: h* hat lt *xr oIr*aki,. A, hr: chariges o'l'er
{.rl nr*k* I{^ ll*r::t r:t*i';* t.} he *l:rnngr:'s i:l'or tft nrakc t"]" if ire i:*s i:*^r '(-l' thc:il l:t:
giv*s *qwl}
(:hitliy-(: lllr(lt'L* lt:ii.li* A Crr nl*k* f:i *ifr:^ il'irc h;id rl *l*'+i rn*kr: Ll in -r'c{ir.3t}t}$
3tr*lf:t:*:tr:* ti.) ':{ili}' ii) rr"rak* 'C' in 2i)10"
iind rii* nroh*hi'litl'th*l lr* wili irirvt: i;r rtli i:1"i, lnnkr: '4 rn
{t}? !{xrkxl
,.F d. *. .$ +