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藤黃果梗提取物的抗氧化活性和致突變活性   Antioxidative and antimutagenic activities of the extracts from the rinds of Garcinia pedunculata  G.K. Jayaprakasha, P.S. Negi, B.S. Jena ⁎ Human Resource Development, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore-570 020, India Received 6 February 2005; accepted 23 January 2006 二食營四 A  洪珍憶
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材料
藤黃果梗。 所有分析用的溶劑 / 化學品取得 HiMedia DPPH  和 β- 胡蘿蔔素,購自 Sigma 公司。
萃取方法
乾燥後的藤黃果梗分別切成小塊。 每 50g 的藤黃果梗以 200ml 的 正己烷、氯仿 以索氏萃取 器 在 60  ℃ . 下 萃取 6 小時。 該提取物 以 惠特曼 1 號濾紙過濾後,集中在真空狀態下獲得原油粘 稠 性的提取物 之後以真空乾燥器乾燥,乾燥製無溶劑下進行 本 實驗 。
利用 β - 胡蘿蔔素亞油酸模 式 系統 測定抗氧化活性
β - 胡蘿蔔素 ﹢ 亞油酸 ↓ 漂白作用 ↓ 自由基產生
0.4ml 氯仿 中含有 0.4mg β - 胡蘿蔔素 + 40mg 亞油酸 + 400mgTween-40 表面活性劑(聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐單棕櫚酸酯) 充分 混合 ↓ 40℃  真空下去除氯仿  ↓ 10ml 水 ( 須含氧 90ml)  ↓ 乳狀液態
樣本組 ( 氯仿、正己烷萃取之藤黃梗 ) 分別加入 4ml 的乳狀液於試管中  +  0.2ml 藤黃梗萃取物 ( 濃度為 50  、 100  、 200  、 500ppm)
對照組 ( 以乙醇稀釋的 BHA) 分別加入 4ml 的乳狀液於試管中  +  0.2ml BHA ( 濃度為 50  、 100  、 150  、 200ppm)
控制組 分別加入 4ml 的乳狀液於試管中  +  0.2ml  乙醇 * 所有的試管放於 50 ℃ 的水域鍋加熱。  ( 樣本組、對照組、控制組 )
測量吸光值 在零時間時 (t=0 min) 和 β - 胡蘿蔔素顏色消失 (t=120min) 時測量 吸光值 ( 吸光值 470nm  下測試 ) * 測量時間須與控制組間隔 15 分鐘 所有測試進行 3 重複
抗氧化 力的 測試使用脫色後的 β - 胡蘿蔔素進行評估,使用以下公式   AA=100[1−(Ao−At) / (A°o−A°t)] * Ao and A°o  為在 零分鐘 測試光度 值 下的樣品和控制組 * At 和 A°t  為 間隔 120 分鐘 後測試光度值的 樣品 組和控制組 * 結果表示以%為依據
採用自由基清除活性法 DPPH 測試
DPPH 是一較安定的自由基,其乙醇溶液在 517nm 下有較強的吸光值,當 DPPH 被抗氧化劑還原時吸光值會降低或消失,故可用此特性來測試樣品清除自由基的效能。
濃度為  50  、 100  、 200  、 500ppm ( 正己烷、氯仿萃取之藤黃梗和 BHA)  ↓ 總量值以甲醇調製 500μ   +   0.1 Mm DPPH  甲醇濃液   5ml   ↓ 適度混合  ↓ 維持 27 °C  20  分鐘 * 控制組為沒添加萃取物和甲醇 * 以 517nm 吸光值下測定,測定 3 重複 * 自由基清除活性的抑制率 表現公式如下 自由基情除能力%= ( 控制組吸光值 - 樣品組吸光值 / 控制組吸光值 ) × 100
抗突變活性 Ames 試驗
安姆試驗 (Ames test) 是短期遺傳毒物測驗中最常用來偵測致突變的方法之一。 本實驗採用的微生物為組胺酸合成缺陷株 (His - ) 因此此實驗又 稱沙門菌回復突變測試法 ,通常此菌株要回復成為 His + 變異珠的機率很低,但在致突變物質的存在下,致突變物質會和菌株之 DNA 結合,或是改變 DNA 鹼基,而使 His - 回復變成 His + 的機率增高。 因此觀察回復的菌落數目,可判定受試物質的致突變活性。
結果
β - 胡蘿蔔素亞油酸模 式 系統
自由基清除活性法 DPPH 測試
抗突變活性 (Ames test)
結論
在本研究中,正己烷提取的藤黃果梗顯示較低的抗氧化活性和較高的抗突變活動。 氯仿提取的藤黃果梗有較高的抗氧化活性和較低的抗突變活性。 石榴果皮也有類似這種不同溶劑提取物的效果 (Negi, Jayaprakasha, & Jena, 2003). 其他報告指出,以正己烷提取的蔬菜及水果抗突變效能較高 (Edenharder, Leopold,&Kries, 1995; Rauscher, Edenharder,&Platt, 1998; Tang& Edenharder, 1997).
1. 有較高的抗氧化能力 2. 具有致突變能力
END

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藤黃果梗提取物的抗氧化

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. 對於正己烷 (HEXAN) 和氯仿 萃取物的抗氧化活性有顯著增加,在 50 ppm 和 100 ppm 之間 (pb0.05) 、 200 ppm 、 500 ppm (pb0.01) 。 氯仿提取物比正己烷提取物在各濃度下有較高的抗氧化活性,其抗氧化力的程度在 100ppm 下就有顯著差異
  2. 在不同濃度下有顯著的增加的差異,增加的提取物濃度和增加自由基清除活性比較有顯著性( pb0.001 ),以 50 ppm 的濃度和 500 ppm 下的濃度為例。 氯仿比正己烷提取物在每個濃度有較高程度的自由基清除活性。 在 500 ppm 的濃度下氯仿提取物觀察到有顯著性較高( pb0.001 )氯仿的自由基清除能力( 65 %)高於正己烷提取物( 45 %)。 DPPH 法的本質是,抗氧化劑反應穩定自由基即 , 樣品抗氧化劑的變色程度顯示了清除能力
  3.   TA100 的情況下,正己烷提取物的抗誘變作用有明顯增加, 然而,在 TA1535 的情況下,只有氯仿提取物的​​抗突變增加 正己烷提取物表現出較高程度的抗突變性能