1. Henri Mintzberg
ROLES OF A MANAGER

2. Mintzberg's Management Roles cover ten tasks and responsibilities
that a manager may need to perform. These are divided up into
three categories:
 Interpersonal
 Informational
 Decisional.

3. 1. Interpersonal -
 These roles relate to the manager’s behavior that focuses on
interpersonal contact . Interpersonal roles are roles that
involve people and other duties that are ceremonial and
symbolic in nature.
 The three interpersonal roles include –
 Figurehead
 Leader
 Liaison

4. a) figurehead - One of the important roles of a leader is simply to be a
figurehead for the rest of the group. A good leader will project
confidence so that everyone involved feels a sense of security and
reassurance that the job will be done right.
b) Leader - A manager needs to lead the people that he is in charge of
guiding toward a specific goal. This can include telling them what to do
and when to do it . The Leader needs to build relationships with
employees and communicates , motivates, and coaches them.
c) Liaison - The final role within the interpersonal category, acting as a
liaison means that the manager must successfully interface with a variety
of people - both within the organization and on the outside - to keep
things running smoothly. This point is all about communication, and it is
one of the main things that determines the ultimate success or failure of
a manager.

5. 2. Informational Roles -
 Informational roles involve receiving, collecting, and
disseminating information.The three interpersonal roles
include –
 monitor
 disseminator
 spokesperson

6.  Monitor – As a monitor the manager gathers all internal and external
information that is relevant to the organization.He is also responsible for
arranging, analyzing and assessing this information so that he can easily
identify problems and opportunities and identify changes.
 Disseminator - As a disseminator the manager transmits factual
information to his subordinates and to other people within the
organization.This may be information that was obtained either internally
or externally.
a) Spokesperson -As the head of a team of any size or role within the
organization, you will be the representative of that team when it comes
to meetings, announcements, etc. Being a spokesperson is an important
one because perception is often a big part of reality. Even if your team is
doing great work, it might not be reflected as such to other decision
makers in the organization if you aren't a good spokesperson.

7. 3. Decisional Roles
 Managers are responsible for decision-making and they can
do this in different ways at different levels. The leadership
style is important in decision-making.
 Entrepreneur
 Disturbance handler
 Resource allocator
 nigotiator

8.  Entrepreneur -As an entrepreneur, the manager designs and initiates
changes and strategies.
 Disturbance handler -In his managerial role as disturbance handler, the
manager will always immediately respond to unexpected events and
operational breakdowns. He aims for usable solutions.
 Resource allocator -In his resource allocator role, the manager controls
and authorizes the use of organizational resources.He allocates finance,
assigns employees, positions of power, machines, materials and other
resources so that all activities can be well-executed within the
organization.
 Negotiator -As a negotiator, the manager participates in negotiations
with other organizations and individuals and he represents the interests
of the organization.