Ch2 introduction to c

OBJECTIVES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

2.1 Introduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Steps in Developing C Program ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Editor Preprocessor Compiler Linker Source File program.c Modified Source Code in Memory Program Object Code File program.o Other Object Code Files (if any) Executable File

Steps in Developing C Program ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Beginning Concept ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Beginning Concept :Program Structure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Beginning Concept ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],{ } Begin the C Program main Must be used after main or function name. () ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],/* */ Every C statements must end with semicolon, known as statement terminator ; PURPOSES ITEMS

My First C Program ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Program comment Preprocessor directive Output statement Function Body

2.2 C Fundamentals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

C Fundamentals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Rules : User Defined Identifiers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

C Fundamentals : Variable & Constant ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Variable ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

C Fundamentals : Variable & Constant ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

C Fundamentals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Primitiva Data Types 0 Null (without no values) void 8 Characters char 64 Precision floating point numbers double 32 Floating point numbers float 16 Integers int Size in bits Type Specifier Data Types

Integer Integer Type Bait Range short int 2 -32,767 . . 32,767 unsigned short int 2 0 . . 65,535 int 2 -32,767 . . 32,767 unsigned int 2 0 . . 65,535 long int 4 -2,147,483,647 . . 2,147,483,647 unsigned long int 4 0 . . 4,294,967,295

C Fundamentals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

C Fundamentals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Conversion Specifiers %s String of characters %c Characters %lf Precision floating point numbers (DOUBLE) %f Floating point numbers %d or %i Decimal Integer Type Specifier Variable Type

2.3 Operator in C ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Operator in C ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Arithmetic expression constant variable operand

Binary Arithmetic Operator ,[object Object],0 z = x % y Remainder % 3 z = x/ y Division / 12 z = x * y Multiplication * 4 z = x - y Subtraction - 8 z = x + y Addition + Value of z After Execution Arithmetic Expression Meaning Operator

Arithmetic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],steps

Operator in C ,[object Object],Use to compare values forming relational expressions Example : a > b c != 0 ! NOT || OR && AND Logical <= ≤ < < >= ≥ > > Relational != not = == = Equality C Operator Standard Algebraic Operator

Operator in C ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Prefix dan Postfix ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],5 i j 5 3 i j 6 3 i j 5 i j 6 i j 6 4 i j

Operator Precedence and Associativity Highest Lowest L – R = += -= *= /= %= R – L ?= L – R || L – R && L – R == != L – R < <= >= > L – R + - L – R * / % R – L ++ -- + - ! L – R () Associativity Operators

Operator in C ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Example C Program #include <stdio.h> #define STUDENT 5 void main( ) { int total = 456; double avg1, avg2; avg1 = total/ STUDENT; avg2 = (double)total/ STUDENT; printf(" Average 1 : %.2f",avg1); printf(" Average 2 : %.2f",avg2); }

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