3. WHAT IS SOLAR ENERGY?
SOLAR ENERGY RADIANT LIGHT AND HEAT FROM
THE SUN IS HARDNESSED USING A RANGE OF
EVER-EVOLVING TECHNOLOGIES.
SUCH AS SOLAR HEATING, SOLAR
PHOTOVOLTAICS, SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRICITY,
SOLAR ARICHITECTURE AND ARITIFICAL
PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
4. BASIC PRINCIPLE OF SOLAR ENEGY
Solar radiation is reduce in intensity in
the atmosphere by dust,clouds,haze
and fog.
The radiation strikes a solid or liquid, it
is absorbed and transformed in to heat
energy.
5. The heat energy is collected in a fluid
generally water.
This energy can be used in a solar
heater or drier or can trated type
collector is used to collect or parabolic
concentrated the solar energy.
7. SOLAR COLLECTOR
FLAT PLATE COLLECTOR.
CYLINDRICAL PARABOLIC
CONCENTRATOR COLLECTOR.
8.
9. FLAT PLATE COLLECTOR
Head is from the absorber plate to water which is
circulated in the copper tubes through the flat plate
collector.
It is placed facing the general drection of the sun.
Material used for plate is copper, steel or aluminium.
The thickness of the plate is 1to 2mm.
Front cover is made up of glass and transparent to the
incoming solar radiation.
10.
11. Cylindrical parabolic concentraor
collector
Concentrator collectors are reflecting type utillising
mirrors.
The reflecting surface is parabolic mirror.
The solar energy falling on the collector surface is
rereflected and foccused along a absorber tube.
Large quantity of energy falling on the collector
surface is collected over a small surface.
The temperature of the absorber fluid is very higher
than flat plate collector.
12.
13.
14. Butane boiler
The water heated in flat plate solar
collector to 80*c is used for boiling
butane at high pressure in the butane
boiler.
Boiling point of butane is about 50*c.
16. TURBINE
The butane vapor generated at high pressure in the
boilers used to run the vapour turbine which drives
electrical generator.
The vapour coming out of the turbine at low pressure
is codensed in a condenser using water.
The condensed liquid butane is fed back to the butane
boiler using feed pump.
17.
18. Tower concept of power
generation
The tower concept consists of an array of plane mirrors
or heliostats are individually cotrolled to reflect
radiations from the sun in to boiler mounted on a 500
metres high tower.
Steam is generated in the boiler temperature up to
2000*k.
Electricity is generated by passing stream through the
turbine coupled to a generator.
19. Application of solar energy
SOLAR ENGINES FOR WATER PUMPING.
SOLAR WATER HEATERS.
SOLAR COOKERS.
SOLAR DRIERS.
SOLAR FURNACES.
PHOTO-VOLTAIC CONVERSION(SOLAR CELLS)
SOLAR POWER GENERATION.
20. ADVANTAGES
Sun is essentially an infinite source of energy. The solar
energy is a very large inexhaustible and renewable
source of energy.
It is enviromentally very clean and is hence pollution
free.
It is dependaple energy source without new
requirements of highly technical and specilaised
nature for its wide sperad utilization.
It is the best alternative for the rapid depletion of fossil
fuels.
21. Disavantages
It is available in a dilute form and is at low potential.
The intensity of solar energy on sunny day india is
about 1.1kw/metre area.
Solar energy is not available at night or during cloudy
or rainy days.