SOL USI.9a-f review updated for 2008

1. Civil War Review SOL US1.9a-f Lisa Pennington Social Studies Instructional Specialist Portsmouth Public Schools

2. 1. Define tariff. Tax on exports from a country

3. 2. What is the cultural issue that divided the nation? The North was an urban society, and the South was an agricultural society.

4. 3. Why was Great Britain important to the South? It was a major buyer of the South’s cotton.

5. 4. Why did the North and South disagree over tariffs? The North needed them to protect factory works and owners. The South didn’t want them because if the price of their cotton went up, England might not buy it.

6. 5. What constitutional issue did the North and South argue over? States’ rights versus a strong central government.

7. 6. What did the South think they could do to any national law? They thought they could declare it illegal.

8. 7. What did the Missouri Compromise of 1820 do? It allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine to enter the Union as a free state.

9. 8. What act gave people popular sovereignty? The Kansas-Nebraska Act.

10. 9. What did the Compromise of 1850 do? It created California as a free state and allowed the Southwest territories to decide about slavery.

11. 10. When did the South secede? In 1860 after Lincoln was elected President.

12. 11. How many states seceded from the Union? 11.

13. 12. What is a border state? Northern slave states that remained in the Union and did not secede.

14. 13. Name the four border states. Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri

15. 14. What happened to Virginia during the Civil War? The western counties refused to secede and broke away to form West Virginia.

16. 15. Who was the President of the Confederate States of America? Jefferson Davis.

17. 16. Why did Robert E. Lee turn down command of the Union forces? He did not want to fight against Virginia.

18. 17. Which side was the Union? The North.

19. 18. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? It freed all the slaves in Confederate controlled areas.

20. 19. Where did the Civil War begin? Fort Sumter, South Carolina.

21. 20. What was the first major battle of the Civil War? Manassas, Virginia. (Bull Run)

22. 21. At which battle did the North gain control of the Mississippi River? Vicksburg, Mississippi.

23. 22. What was the turning point of the Civil War? Why? Gettysburg: The North repelled Lee’s invasion and the South lost so many men they would never have the strength to invade the North again.

24. 23. Define topography. The features of an area such as landforms, elevation, and bodies of water.

25. 24. Who was Robert Smalls? A Union sailor and naval captain who became a Congressman after the Civil War.

26. 25. Who was Clara Barton and what did she create? She was a Civil War nurse who created the American Red Cross.

27. 26. What did women do during the Civil War? They ran farms and plantations and businesses.

28. 27. How were African Americans treated during the Civil War? They were discriminated against, segregated, and paid less.