Ten Years of Coupled Hydrology and Hydraulic Modelling Supporting Storm Water Management: Some examples, lessons learnt and a look forward - Ole Larsen, APAC Research Director, DHI Singapore
6. Creating flood maps using GIS
• Lumped conceptual rainfall-runoff
models translate rainfall to pipe nodes
• Surcharge would be storred in ”artificial”
basins that represented flood areas
• Interpolation of waterlevels in GIS was
used to map flood events
7. Soon smarter solutions were made – 2D models
• Faster 2D solvers
• Availability of Lidar (an other) data
• Rainfall stations
• Data driven models
8. Structures
Structures (weirs, pumps
gates etc) cannot be
simulated in 2D.
Structures are added as 1 D
elements in the 2D models
Depending on structure also
transfer of momentum
19. • Precipitation
and snowmelt
• Vegetation
based
evapotrans-piration
and
infiltration
• Un- and
saturated
groundwater
flow
• Channel
flow in
rivers
and lakes
• Overland
surface
flow and
flooding
• Demand
driven
irrigation
• Solute
Transport
Distributed hydrology
26. Distributed physically based hydrology vs RR
MIKE SHE was set up
using global coverage
spatial data sets…
Nash-Sutcliffe (R2)
1.00
0.90
0.80
0.70
0.60
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
Osobloga
Olza
Klodnica
Mala panew
Olawa
Nysa Klodska
Kaczawa
Sleza
Bystrzyca
Barycz
Czerna
Bobr
Average
SHE R2 NAM R2
Topography
Land use
Soil map
GW zones
..and was found to
perform better than
traditional RR
models
27.
28. Local Area Weather Radar aka Hydrology Radar
18. August 2010 - Billund airport closed 45 minutes due to heavy rain
30
Circle diameter: 120 km
Pixel size: 500x500
Image frequency: 5 minute
Data from Vejle LAWR, DK
29. 31
LAWR – brief history
• Developed as part of EU ESPRIT
project in 1997
• First installation in 1998 – now
40+ worldwide
− One nationwide network in El Salvador
• Designed for high resolution
precipitation measurement over
small areas
30. • Range
− 60 km for forecast
− 20 km for Quantitative Precipitation Est.
• Spatial resolution (Cartesian)
− 500x500
− 250x250v
− 100x100
• Image frequency
− 1 or 5 minute
• Single layer
32
36. Take home messages
• Urban drainage storm water models typically need high degree of detail to
resolve the flooding – it’s important, but data are available today
• Detailed models are slow, too slow – GPU and HPC technology is a game
changer
• With all this speed provided by GPU and HPC, the uncertainty in model set-up
and parameters can be assessed => use speed advantages from GPU
for uncertainty assessment
• Physically based, distributed hydrological modelling and distributed rainfall
can be used in coupled modelling to great effect