SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  29
 
MARKETING SANITATION
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Introduction- Sanitation
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Introduction-Population Coverage
[object Object],[object Object],Introduction- Population Coverage
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Introduction-Emerging Trends
Introduction - Marketing Sanitation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],Question 1
Service Mix ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Service Mix ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],Question 2
Sulabh Shauchalaya ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sulabh Shauchalaya - Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],Question 3
Promoting Sanitation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Promotion Sanitation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Question 4. To keep pace with our growing requirements,  it is essential that we promote Non-Governmental  Agencies. Do you agree with this view? Justify.
Yes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Total Sanitation and Sanitation Marketing Project The project, funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation  In partnership with WSP, is being implemented in Tanzania, India and  Indonesia.   TSSM program will carry out a structured learning process to develop  practical knowledge and tools for effective replication and scaling up of  future programs in other countries to meet the Millennium  Development Goals sanitation targets for 2015.
To put the spotlight on sanitation the UN General Assembly had  declared the Year 2008 the  International Year of Sanitation .  The goal was to raise awareness and to accelerate progress towards  the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target to reduce by half the  proportion of the 2.6 billion people without access to basic sanitation  by 2015.
Question 5. ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC)  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],To give fillip to this endeavor, GOI has launched Nirmal Gram Puraskar to recognize the efforts in terms of cash awards for those individuals and institutions who have contributed significantly in ensuring full sanitation coverage in their area of operation
Question 6. ,[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What are the Strategic Decisions to be taken to Market Sanitation in the Right Manner? Question 7
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The following strategic decisions are significant to  marketing sanitation
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thank you

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Water and sanitation and their impact on health
Water and sanitation and their impact on healthWater and sanitation and their impact on health
Water and sanitation and their impact on health
meducationdotnet
 
Monitoring water supplies and sanitation in Ethiopia
Monitoring water supplies and sanitation in EthiopiaMonitoring water supplies and sanitation in Ethiopia
Monitoring water supplies and sanitation in Ethiopia
IRC
 
Disaster risk management in nepal
Disaster risk management in nepalDisaster risk management in nepal
Disaster risk management in nepal
ALNAP
 

Tendances (20)

Sanitation Context in Nepal.pptx
Sanitation Context in Nepal.pptxSanitation Context in Nepal.pptx
Sanitation Context in Nepal.pptx
 
Excreta & Sewage management
Excreta & Sewage managementExcreta & Sewage management
Excreta & Sewage management
 
Module 3 wash governance (presentation)
Module 3 wash governance (presentation)Module 3 wash governance (presentation)
Module 3 wash governance (presentation)
 
The Sphere Program_ Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Re...
The Sphere Program_ Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Re...The Sphere Program_ Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Re...
The Sphere Program_ Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Re...
 
Clean Water and Sanitation
Clean Water and SanitationClean Water and Sanitation
Clean Water and Sanitation
 
SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES IN WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION
SUSTAINABLE  STRATEGIES IN WATER SUPPLY & SANITATIONSUSTAINABLE  STRATEGIES IN WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION
SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES IN WATER SUPPLY & SANITATION
 
Overview of enabling environment and implementation of climate resilient WASH
Overview of enabling environment and implementation of climate resilient WASH Overview of enabling environment and implementation of climate resilient WASH
Overview of enabling environment and implementation of climate resilient WASH
 
Overview of faecal sludge management challenges and practices
Overview of faecal sludge management challenges and practicesOverview of faecal sludge management challenges and practices
Overview of faecal sludge management challenges and practices
 
Water and sanitation and their impact on health
Water and sanitation and their impact on healthWater and sanitation and their impact on health
Water and sanitation and their impact on health
 
Impacts of natural disaster globally public health
Impacts of natural disaster globally public healthImpacts of natural disaster globally public health
Impacts of natural disaster globally public health
 
Monitoring water supplies and sanitation in Ethiopia
Monitoring water supplies and sanitation in EthiopiaMonitoring water supplies and sanitation in Ethiopia
Monitoring water supplies and sanitation in Ethiopia
 
Part 2 Water safety plans explained: What they are and how you can get involved
Part 2 Water safety plans explained: What they are and how you can get involvedPart 2 Water safety plans explained: What they are and how you can get involved
Part 2 Water safety plans explained: What they are and how you can get involved
 
Challenges for the Disaster and Crisis Management – Identification of dimensi...
Challenges for the Disaster and Crisis Management – Identification of dimensi...Challenges for the Disaster and Crisis Management – Identification of dimensi...
Challenges for the Disaster and Crisis Management – Identification of dimensi...
 
Ecological Sanitation - Closing the Loop
Ecological Sanitation - Closing the LoopEcological Sanitation - Closing the Loop
Ecological Sanitation - Closing the Loop
 
Presentation on Disaster Management process in Nepal
Presentation on Disaster Management process in NepalPresentation on Disaster Management process in Nepal
Presentation on Disaster Management process in Nepal
 
Emergency sanitation services (during and post disaster
Emergency sanitation services (during and post disasterEmergency sanitation services (during and post disaster
Emergency sanitation services (during and post disaster
 
Disaster risk management in nepal
Disaster risk management in nepalDisaster risk management in nepal
Disaster risk management in nepal
 
WATER CRISIS
WATER CRISISWATER CRISIS
WATER CRISIS
 
Unit 2 ph engineering_part_2_waste mgmt
Unit 2 ph engineering_part_2_waste mgmtUnit 2 ph engineering_part_2_waste mgmt
Unit 2 ph engineering_part_2_waste mgmt
 
Primary health care system in nepal
Primary health care system in nepalPrimary health care system in nepal
Primary health care system in nepal
 

Similaire à Marketing Sanitation

Task 5 (a133921) local agenda 21
Task 5 (a133921)   local agenda 21Task 5 (a133921)   local agenda 21
Task 5 (a133921) local agenda 21
izham27
 
Task 5 Local Agenda 21 (a133921)
Task 5    Local Agenda 21 (a133921)Task 5    Local Agenda 21 (a133921)
Task 5 Local Agenda 21 (a133921)
izham27
 
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
Trémolet Consulting
 

Similaire à Marketing Sanitation (20)

Tsc seminar 1
Tsc seminar 1Tsc seminar 1
Tsc seminar 1
 
ieschintan321
ieschintan321ieschintan321
ieschintan321
 
Task 5 (a133921) local agenda 21
Task 5 (a133921)   local agenda 21Task 5 (a133921)   local agenda 21
Task 5 (a133921) local agenda 21
 
Task 5 Local Agenda 21 (a133921)
Task 5    Local Agenda 21 (a133921)Task 5    Local Agenda 21 (a133921)
Task 5 Local Agenda 21 (a133921)
 
Task 5 nur amalina binti zabidi a142031
Task 5 nur amalina binti zabidi a142031Task 5 nur amalina binti zabidi a142031
Task 5 nur amalina binti zabidi a142031
 
101228 open ideo kumasi sanitation challenge
101228 open ideo kumasi sanitation challenge101228 open ideo kumasi sanitation challenge
101228 open ideo kumasi sanitation challenge
 
101228 open ideo_kumasi sanitation challenge
101228 open ideo_kumasi sanitation challenge101228 open ideo_kumasi sanitation challenge
101228 open ideo_kumasi sanitation challenge
 
Samark ppt sanitation conference
Samark ppt  sanitation conferenceSamark ppt  sanitation conference
Samark ppt sanitation conference
 
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
 
Corporate Sector involvement in Sanitation – A CII Report
Corporate Sector involvement in Sanitation – A CII ReportCorporate Sector involvement in Sanitation – A CII Report
Corporate Sector involvement in Sanitation – A CII Report
 
Let Urban Locations Be Clean And Safe For Everyone
Let Urban Locations Be Clean And Safe For EveryoneLet Urban Locations Be Clean And Safe For Everyone
Let Urban Locations Be Clean And Safe For Everyone
 
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
 
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
Microfinance for sanitation: how can public funders get involved?
 
Swachh Bharat Campaign Study
Swachh Bharat Campaign StudySwachh Bharat Campaign Study
Swachh Bharat Campaign Study
 
Wash Talk Episode 21 - hygiene promotion
Wash Talk Episode 21 -  hygiene promotionWash Talk Episode 21 -  hygiene promotion
Wash Talk Episode 21 - hygiene promotion
 
SROI evaluation 2020 report - World Toilet College Aurangabad
SROI evaluation 2020 report - World Toilet College AurangabadSROI evaluation 2020 report - World Toilet College Aurangabad
SROI evaluation 2020 report - World Toilet College Aurangabad
 
MicroSave
MicroSave MicroSave
MicroSave
 
Safe Water, A Basic Human Right Handout 3
Safe Water, A Basic Human Right Handout 3Safe Water, A Basic Human Right Handout 3
Safe Water, A Basic Human Right Handout 3
 
Innovations in Government & Policy
Innovations in Government & PolicyInnovations in Government & Policy
Innovations in Government & Policy
 
Scope of Rapid Action Learning to combat Public health hazards in India
Scope of Rapid Action Learning to combat Public health hazards in IndiaScope of Rapid Action Learning to combat Public health hazards in India
Scope of Rapid Action Learning to combat Public health hazards in India
 

Plus de Shahzad Khan

Rural marketing capital inputs Agriculture
Rural marketing capital inputs AgricultureRural marketing capital inputs Agriculture
Rural marketing capital inputs Agriculture
Shahzad Khan
 
Sales promotion – parachute oil
Sales promotion – parachute oilSales promotion – parachute oil
Sales promotion – parachute oil
Shahzad Khan
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
Shahzad Khan
 
Sales Promotion – Parachute Oil
Sales Promotion – Parachute OilSales Promotion – Parachute Oil
Sales Promotion – Parachute Oil
Shahzad Khan
 
Sales Promotion, Parachute Oil
Sales Promotion, Parachute OilSales Promotion, Parachute Oil
Sales Promotion, Parachute Oil
Shahzad Khan
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
Shahzad Khan
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
Shahzad Khan
 
Global Marketing Mix Strategy
Global Marketing Mix StrategyGlobal Marketing Mix Strategy
Global Marketing Mix Strategy
Shahzad Khan
 
Toyota Way Fieldbook
Toyota Way FieldbookToyota Way Fieldbook
Toyota Way Fieldbook
Shahzad Khan
 
Launch Telecom Operator
Launch Telecom OperatorLaunch Telecom Operator
Launch Telecom Operator
Shahzad Khan
 
Use of Integrated Promotional Strategies to Achieve Sales Targets
Use of Integrated Promotional Strategies to Achieve Sales TargetsUse of Integrated Promotional Strategies to Achieve Sales Targets
Use of Integrated Promotional Strategies to Achieve Sales Targets
Shahzad Khan
 
Web service promotion
Web service promotionWeb service promotion
Web service promotion
Shahzad Khan
 
Retail Merchandising
Retail MerchandisingRetail Merchandising
Retail Merchandising
Shahzad Khan
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
Shahzad Khan
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
Shahzad Khan
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
Shahzad Khan
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
Shahzad Khan
 
Regional Integration
Regional IntegrationRegional Integration
Regional Integration
Shahzad Khan
 

Plus de Shahzad Khan (20)

Rural marketing capital inputs Agriculture
Rural marketing capital inputs AgricultureRural marketing capital inputs Agriculture
Rural marketing capital inputs Agriculture
 
Sales promotion – parachute oil
Sales promotion – parachute oilSales promotion – parachute oil
Sales promotion – parachute oil
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
 
Sales Promotion – Parachute Oil
Sales Promotion – Parachute OilSales Promotion – Parachute Oil
Sales Promotion – Parachute Oil
 
Sales Promotion, Parachute Oil
Sales Promotion, Parachute OilSales Promotion, Parachute Oil
Sales Promotion, Parachute Oil
 
Kbl water pumps
Kbl   water pumpsKbl   water pumps
Kbl water pumps
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
 
Global Marketing Mix Strategy
Global Marketing Mix StrategyGlobal Marketing Mix Strategy
Global Marketing Mix Strategy
 
Toyota Way Fieldbook
Toyota Way FieldbookToyota Way Fieldbook
Toyota Way Fieldbook
 
Launch Telecom Operator
Launch Telecom OperatorLaunch Telecom Operator
Launch Telecom Operator
 
Use of Integrated Promotional Strategies to Achieve Sales Targets
Use of Integrated Promotional Strategies to Achieve Sales TargetsUse of Integrated Promotional Strategies to Achieve Sales Targets
Use of Integrated Promotional Strategies to Achieve Sales Targets
 
Web service promotion
Web service promotionWeb service promotion
Web service promotion
 
Sales Forecasting
Sales ForecastingSales Forecasting
Sales Forecasting
 
Retail Merchandising
Retail MerchandisingRetail Merchandising
Retail Merchandising
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
 
Store Operation Process
Store Operation ProcessStore Operation Process
Store Operation Process
 
Regional Integration
Regional IntegrationRegional Integration
Regional Integration
 

Dernier

Challenges and Opportunities: A Qualitative Study on Tax Compliance in Pakistan
Challenges and Opportunities: A Qualitative Study on Tax Compliance in PakistanChallenges and Opportunities: A Qualitative Study on Tax Compliance in Pakistan
Challenges and Opportunities: A Qualitative Study on Tax Compliance in Pakistan
vineshkumarsajnani12
 
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwait
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai KuwaitThe Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwait
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwait
daisycvs
 

Dernier (20)

GUWAHATI 💋 Call Girl 9827461493 Call Girls in Escort service book now
GUWAHATI 💋 Call Girl 9827461493 Call Girls in  Escort service book nowGUWAHATI 💋 Call Girl 9827461493 Call Girls in  Escort service book now
GUWAHATI 💋 Call Girl 9827461493 Call Girls in Escort service book now
 
Chennai Call Gril 80022//12248 Only For Sex And High Profile Best Gril Sex Av...
Chennai Call Gril 80022//12248 Only For Sex And High Profile Best Gril Sex Av...Chennai Call Gril 80022//12248 Only For Sex And High Profile Best Gril Sex Av...
Chennai Call Gril 80022//12248 Only For Sex And High Profile Best Gril Sex Av...
 
JAJPUR CALL GIRL ❤ 82729*64427❤ CALL GIRLS IN JAJPUR ESCORTS
JAJPUR CALL GIRL ❤ 82729*64427❤ CALL GIRLS IN JAJPUR  ESCORTSJAJPUR CALL GIRL ❤ 82729*64427❤ CALL GIRLS IN JAJPUR  ESCORTS
JAJPUR CALL GIRL ❤ 82729*64427❤ CALL GIRLS IN JAJPUR ESCORTS
 
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDINGParadip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
 
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
 
CROSS CULTURAL NEGOTIATION BY PANMISEM NS
CROSS CULTURAL NEGOTIATION BY PANMISEM NSCROSS CULTURAL NEGOTIATION BY PANMISEM NS
CROSS CULTURAL NEGOTIATION BY PANMISEM NS
 
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 Updated
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 UpdatedCannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 Updated
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 Updated
 
Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1
Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1
Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1
 
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investors
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investorsFalcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investors
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investors
 
Challenges and Opportunities: A Qualitative Study on Tax Compliance in Pakistan
Challenges and Opportunities: A Qualitative Study on Tax Compliance in PakistanChallenges and Opportunities: A Qualitative Study on Tax Compliance in Pakistan
Challenges and Opportunities: A Qualitative Study on Tax Compliance in Pakistan
 
PARK STREET 💋 Call Girl 9827461493 Call Girls in Escort service book now
PARK STREET 💋 Call Girl 9827461493 Call Girls in  Escort service book nowPARK STREET 💋 Call Girl 9827461493 Call Girls in  Escort service book now
PARK STREET 💋 Call Girl 9827461493 Call Girls in Escort service book now
 
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptx
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxPutting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptx
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptx
 
Organizational Transformation Lead with Culture
Organizational Transformation Lead with CultureOrganizational Transformation Lead with Culture
Organizational Transformation Lead with Culture
 
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwait
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai KuwaitThe Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwait
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwait
 
joint cost.pptx COST ACCOUNTING Sixteenth Edition ...
joint cost.pptx  COST ACCOUNTING  Sixteenth Edition                          ...joint cost.pptx  COST ACCOUNTING  Sixteenth Edition                          ...
joint cost.pptx COST ACCOUNTING Sixteenth Edition ...
 
Berhampur 70918*19311 CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Berhampur 70918*19311 CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDINGBerhampur 70918*19311 CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Berhampur 70918*19311 CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
 
Berhampur CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Berhampur CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDINGBerhampur CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Berhampur CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
 
Unveiling Falcon Invoice Discounting: Leading the Way as India's Premier Bill...
Unveiling Falcon Invoice Discounting: Leading the Way as India's Premier Bill...Unveiling Falcon Invoice Discounting: Leading the Way as India's Premier Bill...
Unveiling Falcon Invoice Discounting: Leading the Way as India's Premier Bill...
 
Durg CALL GIRL ❤ 82729*64427❤ CALL GIRLS IN durg ESCORTS
Durg CALL GIRL ❤ 82729*64427❤ CALL GIRLS IN durg ESCORTSDurg CALL GIRL ❤ 82729*64427❤ CALL GIRLS IN durg ESCORTS
Durg CALL GIRL ❤ 82729*64427❤ CALL GIRLS IN durg ESCORTS
 
Kalyan Call Girl 98350*37198 Call Girls in Escort service book now
Kalyan Call Girl 98350*37198 Call Girls in Escort service book nowKalyan Call Girl 98350*37198 Call Girls in Escort service book now
Kalyan Call Girl 98350*37198 Call Girls in Escort service book now
 

Marketing Sanitation

  • 1.  
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17. Question 4. To keep pace with our growing requirements, it is essential that we promote Non-Governmental Agencies. Do you agree with this view? Justify.
  • 18.
  • 19. Total Sanitation and Sanitation Marketing Project The project, funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation In partnership with WSP, is being implemented in Tanzania, India and Indonesia.  TSSM program will carry out a structured learning process to develop practical knowledge and tools for effective replication and scaling up of future programs in other countries to meet the Millennium Development Goals sanitation targets for 2015.
  • 20. To put the spotlight on sanitation the UN General Assembly had declared the Year 2008 the International Year of Sanitation . The goal was to raise awareness and to accelerate progress towards the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target to reduce by half the proportion of the 2.6 billion people without access to basic sanitation by 2015.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. What are the Strategic Decisions to be taken to Market Sanitation in the Right Manner? Question 7
  • 27.
  • 28.