El documento describe los desafíos y las innovaciones en la infraestructura de Ant Financial. Detalla el crecimiento exponencial de los negocios de Ant Financial entre 2010 y 2017 en términos de transacciones, volumen y capacidad de procesamiento. También explica algunos de los dominios desafiantes como el procesamiento de transacciones a gran escala y las decisiones en tiempo real, así como las soluciones tecnológicas implementadas como SOFA y OceanBase.

1. Challenges  and  Innovations 
on  the  Infrastructure  of  Ant  Financial

2. A  Simple  Scenario  :  Face2face  Payment  in  Alipay 
Show 
Barcode 
Scanning 
Request 
Processing 
Risk  
Assessment 
Promotion 
Decision 
Transaction 
Payment 
Result 

3. The  Business  Growth  of  Ant  Financial 
12.8  33.6 
105.8 
188 
368 
710 
1005 
1480 
20 
54 
191 
350 
571 
912 
1207 
1648 
2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  2016  2017  500 
1500  3800 
15300 
38500 
85900 
120000 
256000 
2010  2011  2012  2013  2014  2015  2016  2017 
Transaction  count 
(Million) 
Transaction  volume 
(100-Million  RMB) 
Transaction  peak 
(Transaction  Per  Second) 
512x 

4. 1  2  3 
Top  Challenging  Problem  Domains 
Show 
Barcode 
Scanning 
Request 
Processing 
Risk  
Assessment 
Promotion 
Decision 
Transaction 
Payment 
Result 
Transaction  Processing  
RT<500ms，  Million  Per  Second  
Real-time  Decisions 
 RT<100ms，  Million  Per  Second  
Financial  Analytics 
RT<10s，EB 

5. Transaction  Processing  at  Massive  Scale 
Business 
Logic 
Trade  
DB1 
Acct  
DB1 
LDC-1
Business 
Logic 
Trade  
DB2 
Acct  
DB2 
LDC-2
Business 
Logic 
Trade  
DB3 
Acct  
DB3 
LDC-3
Business 
Logic 
Trade  
DB4 
Acct  
DB4 
LDC-4
Trade  DB 
Trade  System 
Trade  DB 
Trade 
Acctrans 
Service 
Promo.  Etc. 
Logical  Data  Center 
• Linear  scalability  
• Flexible  traffic  scheduling  and  incremental  rollout 
• Disaster  recovery  across  geographic  regions 

6. Flagship  Product：SOFA+OceanBase 
SOFA（Service  Oriented  Financial  Architecture） 
OceanBase 
• Micro-service  platform 
• Scale  out  and  failure  recovery  across  data  centers  with  99.99%  availability 
• Distributed  transaction  with  high  throughput  (e.g.,  >256  thousands  TPS  peak  at  2017.11.11) 
• Distributed  relational  database  with  proprietary  technology 
• 100%  up-time,  failure  recovery  across  DC  in  seconds 
• Linear  scalability  (42M  SQL/sec  peak  at  2017.11.11) 

7. Activity  
Promotion 
Alipay  Wallet  user 
Security  monitoring 
&  Controlling 
Red  packet  pricing 
&  Benefits 
recommendation 
Person  to  person 
Red  envelope 
Potential  high  value 
customer 
Person  to  person  red  envelope： 
Merchants  recommend  user  to  scan  QRcode  to  accept  red 
envelope;  after  user  pays,  merchants  will  get  awards. 
User  Characteristic 
Financial  assets 
Consumption  &  Payment 
Behavior  preference  Credit  file 
Users  Classifying 
Location 
Relation  network 
Target  customer  recommendation 
Transfer 
accounts 
primary 
account 
subsidiary 
accounts 
Fund  Relation  Network 
Subsidiary  accounts  model 
JavaScript 
    Fraud 
Features： 
• Basic  properties 
• Payments  frequency 
• Sensitivity  to  promotions 
• Influence  of  sharing 
• Product  preference 
• Online  spending 
Messaging 
Real-time  Decision  
(e.g.,  for  risk  assessment  and  marketing  promotion) 

8. Towards  a  General  Real-time  Decision  Flow 
Intermediate 
Data 
Training 
Rule  Model 
Feature 
Data 
Decision  Engine 
Rule  Model 
Feature 
Data 
Decision  System 
当面付 
小微贷款 
花呗 
Query 
Decision 
Feedback 
Training  and  Simulation  
Update  Models  &  Rules 
Models，Rules，Feature 
Computation 

9. Real-time  Financial  Intelligent  Decisions 
Data  Input 
Event  input 
Log  input 
DB  input 
Lineage 
management 
Data  Quality  
Real-time  feature 
computation 
Batch  feature 
computation  
Feature  
pre-processing 
Common  Infrastructure 
Feature 
compu-
tation 
platform 
Aggregate 
feature 
calculation 
Relation 
Feature 
computation 
LBS 
Feature 
computation 
Other 
feature 
computation 
Heterogeneous 
Machine  Learning 
Platform 
Model  Service 
Platform 
Feature 
management 
Feature 
services 
Feature 
services 
Model  Asset  Platform 
Offline  training 
Risk-control 
decisions 
Credit 
decisions 
Marketing 
decisions 
Common 
decisions 
Rule／Model 
On-line  predication  Management 
Model  
training 
Feature 
engineering 
Data  input 
Model  lifetime 
management 
monitoring 
Real-time  
predication 
Feature  
engineering 
simulation  AB  test 
Statistical 
evaluation 
Model 
metadata 
management 
CPU  GPU  FPGA 
Heterogeneous 
platform 
Machine 
Learning 
PAAS  Tensorflow、MXNet、Caffe  PS 
ALPS 
pBase  gBase  OBase  DFS 
Batch  
computation 
Streaming 
computation 
Multi-dimensional 
analysis 
Graph  computation 
Feature  Service  Platform 

10. Financial  Analytics 
Industry  Agnostic  Data  Products 
Intelligent 
Disassembly 
Data  
Analytics 
Quick 
Insight 
Intelligent  
Search 
Reporting  Profiling 
Metrics  Etc. 
Marketing  Data  Products 
Growth  Hacking 
Application 
Grid  Operation 
User  Lifecycle 
Management 
Etc. 
Vertical  Data  Products 
Huabei  
Biz  Analysis 
Koubei  Marketing 
Analysis 
Yuebao  Liquidity 
Analysis 
Micro  Loan  
Analysis 
Preparation  Detection  Diagnosis   Decision  Action 
Industry  Agnostic  Analytics  Scenarios  
Seller   Buyer  
Product 
Targeted 
Marketing 
Merchant  Traffic 
Biz  Metrics  Pricing 
Data  Eco-systems  Analytics  Scenarios 
Insurance  Wealth 
Payment  Micro  Loan 
Credit 
Koubei 
Scenarios 
Products 
Data  Flow 

11. Financial  Analytics  Platform 
KPI  Dashboard 
Web  
Analytics  
Customer 
Profile 
Precise 
 Marketing 
Risk 
 Control 
Credit  
Evaluation 
Open  Platform  &  Ant  Cloud 
Bank  Securities  Insurance  Fund 
Scenarios 
Monitor  &  
Alert 
Data  Source 
Management 
Metadata 
Management 
Authorization 
Resource 
Management 
Account 
Integration 
Tenant 
Management 
Accounting 
Environment 
Adaptor 
Data 
Collection 
Data 
Processing 
Cube 
Definition 
Cube 
Builder 
Automatic 
Diagnosis 
Automatic 
Analysis 
Table  Charts  Sharing  transfer  Auth. 
Version 
Control 
Dataset 
Definition 
Dataset 
Mapping 
Cube 
Optimization 
Query 
Executor 
Self-Service 
Analysis 
Interact 
Explorer 
Reports  Dashboard  Favorites  Comments 
Flow 
Control 
API  
Routing 
Repository  Lifecycle  Management  Statistics  &  Analysis  Engine  Layout  Editor  Collaborative  Editing  DOC  SDK 
Big  Data  Analysis  Platform 
Batch  computation  Streaming  computation  Ad-hoc  Query  Engine  Graph  Database  Hybrid  ML  Framework  
Big  Data  Infrastructure 

12. Reliability 
Availability  
Failure  Recovery  Real-time 
Low  latency 
Freshness 
Efficiency 
Quick  development 
Easy  to  extend 
Cost  effective 
Open  System 
Modular 
Easy  to  Customize 
Standard 

13. Feature  Sharing 
Feature 
Recommendation 
Aggregation  Relation  LBS  Others 
Feature  Service  Distributed  
Middleware  SOFA 
Middleware 
MicroService 
Distributed 
Transaction 
Distributed  
DataBase 
Ocean 
Base 
Financial  Analytics 
DeepInsight 
Financial  Analytics 
Model 
Visualization 
Training  Inference 
Model  Management  Model  Compression 
Common  Engine 
Streaming  Batch  OLAP  Graph  Ray 
AI  Engine 
TF  MXNet  Caffe  PS 
EDGE  Engine 
EdgeNN  TF  Lite 
Storage  Platform 
HBas
e 
DFS 
Grap
h 
Online  KV 
Store 
Column 
Store 
In-Ram 
Store 
Unified  Resource  Management  Resource  Management  Orchestration  Task  Scheduling  Monitoring 
CPU  GPU  FPGA  ASIC 
Heterogenous  Hardware  Multi-level  storage  New  networking 
HDD  3DxPoint  SSD  High  Speed 
NIC 
RDMA  Smart  NIC 

14. THANKS. 

15. Development  Efficiency 
IDE  Development  Workbench 
Development 
Collaborations 
Code  
Analysis 
Metrics 
Data  
quality 
Risk  
control 
Business  Loss 
Protection 
Testing 
Framework 
Code 
Management 
Dev. 
Environment 
Control 
Build 
Container 
CICD  Pipeline 
Release  & 
Deploy 
Frontend  JAVA  C/C++  Mobile  Data  Dev.  Others 

16. User  Experience  Technology 
User  Experience  Technology  is  the  combination  of  technology 
and  design,  the  connection  of  the  service  and  the  user. 
Business  Logic  Data  AI  Risk  Management  Credit 
Backend  Service 
TWA  Service 
BFF   BaaS   FaaS 
Browsers  Mobile  Apps  IoT  Devices 
Helmet,  Chip  etc. 
Virtualize  Intelligent  UI  Data  Visualization  Interactive  Graph 
Interact  with  voice,  gesture 
Naturalize 

17. The  Future  Challenges 
CHALLENGE
Real  Real-time 
Maximum  Computing  Power 
Lowest  Cost 
Optimized  for  AI  Experience