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More Metaphysics ,[object Object],sleepless productions
what happens if you die in the matrix? why does it matter? sleepless productions
why does it matter? ,[object Object],sleepless productions
what about real life... ,[object Object],[object Object],sleepless productions
but first: some words you need to know ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],sleepless productions
Pascal - The Man... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],sleepless productions
there is neither proof that God does or does not exist. ,[object Object],[object Object],the agnostic is right sleepless productions
believe in God! ,[object Object],[object Object],sleepless productions
Heaven & ,[object Object],sleepless productions
1. If you believe in God and God does exist, you will be rewarded in the afterlife. 2. If you do not believe in God and God does exist, you will be punished in the afterlife. 3. If God does not exist, nothing will happen to you in the afterlife whether you believed in him or not. 4. Clearly there is more to gain from believing than not believing in God. 5. Therefore it makes sense to believe in God. formally: sleepless productions
think another way... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],sleepless productions
So The potential benefits, are much greater than the potential losses. So you might as well go to the station. Now make a table for Pascal’s Wager... sleepless productions Guy turns up with money Guy is nowhere to be seen you believe & go to police station YOU’RE RICH you go home you think crazy & don’t go... nothing changes, you’re gutted you go home
so clearly the only thing to do is to choose between [BIG + or nothing] or [BIG - or nothing] sleepless productions God is Real/Exists God does not exist you believe you live in paradise (BIG +) nothing happens (£0.00) you do not believe you live in hell (BIG -) nothing happens (£0.00)
problem solved ,[object Object],[object Object],NOT AT ALL and the objections are easy enough to spot. Give it a go in groups. sleepless productions
why do we believe things usually? ,[object Object],sleepless productions
that’s a problem... ,[object Object],[object Object],if i told you it might be good for you to believe something, it doesn’t mean you would... sleepless productions
put simply ,[object Object],if someone says your parent is in hospital, saying that you don’t want to believe it doesn’t help much. sleepless productions
you don’t lose? ,[object Object],[object Object],sleepless productions
sacrifice servitude   abstinence  restraint   devotion obedience ,[object Object],could be about the best way to live... or maybe not...? if  you only live once , you have to decide on the best way to live... sleepless productions
is the real wager between belief & not? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],sleepless productions
Cosmological Argument ,[object Object]
cosmological argument
cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? is the cosmological argument convincing? conclusion
cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? conclusion
cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig conclusion
cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig conclusion
cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? some say big bang,  but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion
cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? some say big bang,  but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion
cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution this is where Aquinas talks about ‘necessary’ and ‘contingent’ beings definitions fallacy of composition? equivocation? explain both these phrases and explain how they apply (Russell) seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? some say big bang,  but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion
quantum theory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],but there was still something...
Ockham’s Razer ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution this is where Aquinas talks about ‘necessary’ and ‘contingent’ beings definitions fallacy of composition? equivocation? explain both these phrases and explain how they apply (Russell) seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? some say big bang,  but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion Niels Bohr, Quantum Theory Things can just appear/happen at atomic level William of Ockham, Okham’s Razor Perhaps God is more likely than atomic fluke
question of infinity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution this is where Aquinas talks about ‘necessary’ and ‘contingent’ beings definitions fallacy of composition? equivocation? explain both these phrases and explain how they apply (Russell) seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? why exactly does he say that a chain of causes cannot be infinite? though counter-intuitive perhaps not mathematically contradictory  some say big bang,  but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion Niels Bohr, Quantum Theory Things can just appear/happen at atomic level William of Ockham, Okham’s Razor Perhaps God is more likely than atomic fluke
cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution this is where Aquinas talks about ‘necessary’ and ‘contingent’ beings definitions fallacy of composition? equivocation? explain both these phrases and explain how they apply (Russell) seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? why exactly does he say that a chain of causes cannot be infinite? though counter-intuitive perhaps not mathematically contradictory  some say big bang,  but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion measured response if universe is within our reason then possible inconclusive quantum physics is still relatively new Niels Bohr, Quantum Theory Things can just appear/happen at atomic level William of Ockham, Okham’s Razor Perhaps God is more likely than atomic fluke
cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution this is where Aquinas talks about ‘necessary’ and ‘contingent’ beings definitions fallacy of composition? equivocation? explain both these phrases and explain how they apply (Russell) seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? why exactly does he say that a chain of causes cannot be infinite? though counter-intuitive perhaps not mathematically contradictory  some say big bang,  but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion measured response if universe is within our reason then possible inconclusive quantum physics is still relatively new Niels Bohr, Quantum Theory Things can just appear/happen at atomic level William of Ockham, Okham’s Razor Perhaps God is more likely than atomic fluke

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Pascal

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  • 2. what happens if you die in the matrix? why does it matter? sleepless productions
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  • 10. 1. If you believe in God and God does exist, you will be rewarded in the afterlife. 2. If you do not believe in God and God does exist, you will be punished in the afterlife. 3. If God does not exist, nothing will happen to you in the afterlife whether you believed in him or not. 4. Clearly there is more to gain from believing than not believing in God. 5. Therefore it makes sense to believe in God. formally: sleepless productions
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  • 12. So The potential benefits, are much greater than the potential losses. So you might as well go to the station. Now make a table for Pascal’s Wager... sleepless productions Guy turns up with money Guy is nowhere to be seen you believe & go to police station YOU’RE RICH you go home you think crazy & don’t go... nothing changes, you’re gutted you go home
  • 13. so clearly the only thing to do is to choose between [BIG + or nothing] or [BIG - or nothing] sleepless productions God is Real/Exists God does not exist you believe you live in paradise (BIG +) nothing happens (£0.00) you do not believe you live in hell (BIG -) nothing happens (£0.00)
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  • 23. cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? is the cosmological argument convincing? conclusion
  • 24. cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? conclusion
  • 25. cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig conclusion
  • 26. cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig conclusion
  • 27. cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? some say big bang, but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion
  • 28. cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? some say big bang, but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion
  • 29. cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution this is where Aquinas talks about ‘necessary’ and ‘contingent’ beings definitions fallacy of composition? equivocation? explain both these phrases and explain how they apply (Russell) seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? some say big bang, but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32. cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution this is where Aquinas talks about ‘necessary’ and ‘contingent’ beings definitions fallacy of composition? equivocation? explain both these phrases and explain how they apply (Russell) seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? some say big bang, but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion Niels Bohr, Quantum Theory Things can just appear/happen at atomic level William of Ockham, Okham’s Razor Perhaps God is more likely than atomic fluke
  • 33.
  • 34. cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution this is where Aquinas talks about ‘necessary’ and ‘contingent’ beings definitions fallacy of composition? equivocation? explain both these phrases and explain how they apply (Russell) seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? why exactly does he say that a chain of causes cannot be infinite? though counter-intuitive perhaps not mathematically contradictory some say big bang, but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion Niels Bohr, Quantum Theory Things can just appear/happen at atomic level William of Ockham, Okham’s Razor Perhaps God is more likely than atomic fluke
  • 35. cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution this is where Aquinas talks about ‘necessary’ and ‘contingent’ beings definitions fallacy of composition? equivocation? explain both these phrases and explain how they apply (Russell) seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? why exactly does he say that a chain of causes cannot be infinite? though counter-intuitive perhaps not mathematically contradictory some say big bang, but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion measured response if universe is within our reason then possible inconclusive quantum physics is still relatively new Niels Bohr, Quantum Theory Things can just appear/happen at atomic level William of Ockham, Okham’s Razor Perhaps God is more likely than atomic fluke
  • 36. cosmological argument what is the cosmological argument? 1 Everything has a cause II Nothing is its own cause III Chain cannot be infinite IV There must a be first cause V This is God Who? Thomas Aquinas (Christian) Where? 5 ways, Summa Theoligica Why? Trying to provide foundation for belief in God. is the cosmological argument convincing? yes no Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig ‘ schoolboy’ objection, either: p1 & p4 contradict or: ‘well who made God?’ Other Version: Kalam William Lane Craig this is a bad objection... p 1-3 describe a problem p4 is like a solution or a tactical substitution this is where Aquinas talks about ‘necessary’ and ‘contingent’ beings definitions fallacy of composition? equivocation? explain both these phrases and explain how they apply (Russell) seems to fit with the idea of a finite universe Einstein, Hubble Big bang as caused? why exactly does he say that a chain of causes cannot be infinite? though counter-intuitive perhaps not mathematically contradictory some say big bang, but this fits nicely for Aquinas... conclusion measured response if universe is within our reason then possible inconclusive quantum physics is still relatively new Niels Bohr, Quantum Theory Things can just appear/happen at atomic level William of Ockham, Okham’s Razor Perhaps God is more likely than atomic fluke