Java is a high-level, platform-independent programming language offering features like automatic storage management, type safety, and robust exception handling through its Java Virtual Machine (JVM). It simplifies coding by avoiding unsafe constructions, providing multi-threading support, and not requiring explicit declaration orders for types. Java's design facilitates learning and focuses on business implementation, alleviating concerns about system-level infrastructure management.

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2. • Java is a relatively high level language. It offers several ready-
to-use resources, which facilitates learning for today's
developers and focuses on the actual implementation of the
business, instead of worrying about the management of the
infrastructure at the system level. Few of the advantages of the
Java programming language are:

3. Platform independence
 java is independent of the platform, which means that if a program is
written and compiled in Java on any platform (underlying hardware
and software), it can be run on any other platform of similar
capabilities subject to available hardware (power of computing,
memory and disk space) and software (installed JRE).
 This is achieved by the virtue of the software component called Java
Virtual Machine, which is an abstract computing machine, when I
say abstract, I mean it can have many implementations. Oracle
provides one of these implementations.

4. Automatic Storage Management
 This is done using a garbage collector, which avoids the security
problems of explicit deallocations. This means that a programmer does
not need to call the destructor (as in C / C ++) to explicitly allocate the
memory used by the structures or objects. In Java, when an object is no
longer referenced, it can be retrieved by the garbage collector.
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 The programmer can not force the garbage collection event, the JVM
operates according to the need. Java also provides resources for objects
to perform some cleanup work (if necessary), how to release
connections and other system resources before they are collected as
garbage.
 Java with the help of JVM also downloads classes if they are no longer
needed in the execution.

6. Avoid unsafe constructions
 Java arrays are accessed after explicitly making an index check in the
boundaries of the array. An ArrayIndexOutOfBoundexception is
thrown in the event that the program tries to access an index that is not
within the range of the array.
 This helps in the execution of the program correctly, otherwise,
imagine a scenario in which the language does not check the index of
the array and returns a value stored in the location of the memory, but
the location of the memory is not within the boundaries of the matrix.
This can pose a great doubt about the accuracy of your program.
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7. An explicit declaration order is not necessary
 It does not require that the types (Classes or Interfaces) or their members
(fields and methods) be declared before their use.
 It only becomes significant when we declare local variables, local classes
and the order of initializers of fields in a class or interface.
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 All other variables are automatically initialized to a predetermined value,
the Java programming language does not automatically initialize the local
variables.

8. Type safety
 Java is a safe programming language due to its typified nature and
strongly typed. Statically typed means that each variable is declared and
has a type and the type is known at the time of compilation.
 Strongly typed means that a variable can only be assigned to a set of
values ​​compatible with the variable type. This also helps identify most
errors at compile time and clearly distinguishes them from runtime
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10. Multi-threading support
 Java encapsulates the thread infrastructure of the underlying system and
offers optimal and easy support for multi-threading.
 There is no explicit need to record a monitor code to acquire locks on
objects.
 Java also facilitates the creation of multiple chaining and the execution of
independent tasks with the help of Chaining Sets.
Exceptions Manipulation Support
 Java has defined an Exceptions Hierarchy and has an optimal support for
Exception Handling. This offers a lot of robustness and helps developers
deal with compile-time exceptions without failures and write a defensive
program.

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