This document discusses a presentation about advanced cast iron as a lightweight and materials efficiency solution. It begins with an introduction to advanced cast iron as a designed material where its microstructure and properties can be tailored. It then discusses lightweight design in automotive and how reducing vehicle weight can increase fuel efficiency and decrease emissions. Advanced cast iron is presented as a lightweight solution due to its high strength and ductility. The document explores materials efficiency and how process characteristics can be optimized in the design process, with advanced cast iron allowing properties to be tailored through heat treatment.
The document discusses various nonferrous metals and alloys, including their production methods, properties, and applications. It covers aluminum and aluminum alloys, magnesium and magnesium alloys, copper and copper alloys, nickel and nickel alloys, titanium and titanium alloys, refractory metals, beryllium, low-melting alloys, precious metals, and superalloys. For each category, it provides details on extraction/production, material properties, common alloy types, and typical application areas.
Classification of Metals used in the Sand Casting ProcessDr. Amarjeet Singh
The Sand Casting Process And The Different Methods Used To Cast The Metals Are The Subjects Of This Paper. Casting Is A Manufacturing Process For Creating Complex Material Shapes. A Large Classification Is Needed To Understand The Metals Used By Researches, Why They Were Used, And What The Most Commonly Used Metal For Their Research Is. We Studied And Understanded The Various Types Of Sand Casting Processes Used By The Researchers In This Review Paper. And We Categorized And Graded All The Papers We Reviewed And Classified Based On Their Respective Study Areas And Material Use.
The document provides an overview of various welding techniques including:
- Oxy-fuel gas welding and cutting, one of the earliest techniques developed in 1904 for repair work requiring portable equipment.
- Shielded metal arc welding, developed in 1907, which remains widely used for structural steel, machinery, and more due to its versatility and low cost.
- Submerged arc welding, from 1936, useful for high quality pressure vessels and structural components due to its high deposition rate and radiographic sound welds under flux.
- Gas metal arc welding and flux cored arc welding, from the 1950s, enabling continuous, high quality welding including of stainless steel.
- Gas tungsten arc welding, from 1942, producing
The document provides an overview of pipeline materials selection and describes various linepipe materials and fabrication processes. It discusses typical linepipe materials such as carbon steel, corrosion resistant alloys, and clad/lined carbon steel. It also describes common linepipe fabrication methods including submerged arc welding, electrical resistance welding, and seamless. Other pipeline components discussed include large radius bends, anticorrosion coatings, and three-layer polyethylene coating systems.
This document discusses casting defects in aluminium bronze and enhancing its mechanical properties through heat treatment. It provides background on aluminium bronze, including its composition, properties, applications in foundry and wrought products, and casting techniques. It then outlines the objectives and plan of work, which are to study the effects of composition changes and heat treatment on reducing oxide formation from casting and improving mechanical properties. The document contains an index that lists the various topics that will be covered in the project report.
Corrosion Effects of Cr and Ni in Thermo-Mechanical Treated Steel Bar in Mari...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the corrosion effects of chromium and nickel in thermo-mechanically treated steel bars used in marine environments. Two different steel bars were tested - one containing copper, phosphorus, chromium, and nickel (Steel 1), and one containing just carbon, sulfur, and manganese (Steel 2). Tests were conducted to analyze the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of the steel bars. The Steel 1 bar exhibited a composite microstructure and better balance of mechanical properties. Corrosion tests in salt water found that Steel 1 had a more noble free corrosion potential and lower corrosion current, indicating better corrosion resistance attributed to its alloying elements, which formed a denser rust layer. The
A Comparative Evaluation of Copper and Aluminium Wires and Cables in Building...Leonardo ENERGY
This document provides a comparative evaluation of copper and aluminium wires and cables used in building installations. It examines the physical properties of each material and compares their conductivity, current carrying capacity, weight, strength, installation characteristics, reliability of connections, susceptibility to corrosion, and relative costs. Copper is found to outperform aluminium in each category due to its higher conductivity, strength, resistance to creep and cold flow, smaller size for equivalent ampacity, and more reliable connections. While aluminium cables impose similar loads on buildings as copper, they require larger containment sizes due to their larger diameter and bending radii for an equivalent current capacity. The document concludes that copper remains the superior conductor material for wires and cables used in building power systems.
This document discusses a presentation about advanced cast iron as a lightweight and materials efficiency solution. It begins with an introduction to advanced cast iron as a designed material where its microstructure and properties can be tailored. It then discusses lightweight design in automotive and how reducing vehicle weight can increase fuel efficiency and decrease emissions. Advanced cast iron is presented as a lightweight solution due to its high strength and ductility. The document explores materials efficiency and how process characteristics can be optimized in the design process, with advanced cast iron allowing properties to be tailored through heat treatment.
The document discusses various nonferrous metals and alloys, including their production methods, properties, and applications. It covers aluminum and aluminum alloys, magnesium and magnesium alloys, copper and copper alloys, nickel and nickel alloys, titanium and titanium alloys, refractory metals, beryllium, low-melting alloys, precious metals, and superalloys. For each category, it provides details on extraction/production, material properties, common alloy types, and typical application areas.
Classification of Metals used in the Sand Casting ProcessDr. Amarjeet Singh
The Sand Casting Process And The Different Methods Used To Cast The Metals Are The Subjects Of This Paper. Casting Is A Manufacturing Process For Creating Complex Material Shapes. A Large Classification Is Needed To Understand The Metals Used By Researches, Why They Were Used, And What The Most Commonly Used Metal For Their Research Is. We Studied And Understanded The Various Types Of Sand Casting Processes Used By The Researchers In This Review Paper. And We Categorized And Graded All The Papers We Reviewed And Classified Based On Their Respective Study Areas And Material Use.
The document provides an overview of various welding techniques including:
- Oxy-fuel gas welding and cutting, one of the earliest techniques developed in 1904 for repair work requiring portable equipment.
- Shielded metal arc welding, developed in 1907, which remains widely used for structural steel, machinery, and more due to its versatility and low cost.
- Submerged arc welding, from 1936, useful for high quality pressure vessels and structural components due to its high deposition rate and radiographic sound welds under flux.
- Gas metal arc welding and flux cored arc welding, from the 1950s, enabling continuous, high quality welding including of stainless steel.
- Gas tungsten arc welding, from 1942, producing
The document provides an overview of pipeline materials selection and describes various linepipe materials and fabrication processes. It discusses typical linepipe materials such as carbon steel, corrosion resistant alloys, and clad/lined carbon steel. It also describes common linepipe fabrication methods including submerged arc welding, electrical resistance welding, and seamless. Other pipeline components discussed include large radius bends, anticorrosion coatings, and three-layer polyethylene coating systems.
This document discusses casting defects in aluminium bronze and enhancing its mechanical properties through heat treatment. It provides background on aluminium bronze, including its composition, properties, applications in foundry and wrought products, and casting techniques. It then outlines the objectives and plan of work, which are to study the effects of composition changes and heat treatment on reducing oxide formation from casting and improving mechanical properties. The document contains an index that lists the various topics that will be covered in the project report.
Corrosion Effects of Cr and Ni in Thermo-Mechanical Treated Steel Bar in Mari...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the corrosion effects of chromium and nickel in thermo-mechanically treated steel bars used in marine environments. Two different steel bars were tested - one containing copper, phosphorus, chromium, and nickel (Steel 1), and one containing just carbon, sulfur, and manganese (Steel 2). Tests were conducted to analyze the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of the steel bars. The Steel 1 bar exhibited a composite microstructure and better balance of mechanical properties. Corrosion tests in salt water found that Steel 1 had a more noble free corrosion potential and lower corrosion current, indicating better corrosion resistance attributed to its alloying elements, which formed a denser rust layer. The
A Comparative Evaluation of Copper and Aluminium Wires and Cables in Building...Leonardo ENERGY
This document provides a comparative evaluation of copper and aluminium wires and cables used in building installations. It examines the physical properties of each material and compares their conductivity, current carrying capacity, weight, strength, installation characteristics, reliability of connections, susceptibility to corrosion, and relative costs. Copper is found to outperform aluminium in each category due to its higher conductivity, strength, resistance to creep and cold flow, smaller size for equivalent ampacity, and more reliable connections. While aluminium cables impose similar loads on buildings as copper, they require larger containment sizes due to their larger diameter and bending radii for an equivalent current capacity. The document concludes that copper remains the superior conductor material for wires and cables used in building power systems.
1.1 Classification of engineering materials.
1.2 Crystal structure, Unit cell and space lattice
1.3 Microstructure, types of microscopes
1.4 Sample preparation, etching process, types of etchant.
1.5 Properties of metals Physical Properties, Mechanical Properties.
1.6 Hardness testing procedure on Brinell and Rockwell tester
Electrical Engineering (EE) presentation on POWER CABLESPritish Parihar
The document is a seminar report submitted by Mukesh Solanki to fulfill the requirements for a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering. The report discusses various types of power cables used for transmission and distribution of electricity, including overhead conductors such as AAC, AAAC, ACSR, ACAR, and underground cables. It provides details on the composition, properties, specifications and applications of different conductor types. The report aims to help understand the characteristics and selection criteria for optimal conductors based on transmission line design requirements.
IRJET- Corrosion Behaviour of Ceramic Coated and Uncoated Aluminium Alloys Al...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the corrosion behavior of ceramic-coated and uncoated aluminum alloys Al 6061, Al 6068, and Al 7075 in 3.5% NaCl solution. Vickers hardness tests and immersion corrosion tests were performed on the uncoated and coated alloy samples. The results showed that the coated alloys exhibited lower hardness values and less weight loss compared to the uncoated alloys after 168 hours of corrosion testing, indicating the ceramic coating provided better corrosion resistance for the aluminum alloys in NaCl solution.
IRJET- Effect of Reinforcement of B4C & SIC on Hardness of AA2024IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effect of reinforcing aluminum alloy AA2024 with boron carbide (B4C) and silicon carbide (SiC) particles on the hardness of the composite. AA2024 was reinforced with 5% and 10% mixtures of B4C and SiC using stir casting. Testing found that a 5% reinforcement increased Brinell hardness to 49 BHN and Rockwell hardness to 119 HRB. A 10% reinforcement further increased hardness to 97 BHN and 185 HRB, respectively. The document concludes that reinforcing AA2024 with B4C and SiC improves its mechanical properties by increasing hardness in a linear relationship with reinforcement content.
4.1 Copper and its alloys - brasses, bronzes Chemical compositions, properties and Applications.
4.2 Aluminium alloys –Y-alloy, Hindalium, duralium with their composition and
Applications.
4.3 Bearing materials like white metals (Sn based), aluminium bronzes. Porous, Self lubricating bearings
Using Steel In Solar Racking and MountingJMCSteelGroup
When it comes to solar installations, steel provides a number of advantages that you may not already know. Steel supplier Wheatland Tube and racking manufacturer Patriot Solar Group detail the latest in steel-working knowledge and how best to apply the metal in solar racking and mounting.
Introduction to Physical Metallurgy Lecture NotesFellowBuddy.com
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
A STUDY ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM 6063 BASED HYBRID COMPOSITESSuryamech5
The document discusses a study on the mechanical properties of aluminium 6063-based hybrid composites reinforced with silicon carbide and graphite particles. The objectives are to study the tensile strength and hardness of the composites and correlate these properties with the amount of graphite added. Aluminium 6063 was chosen as the matrix material due to its medium strength, good toughness and corrosion resistance. Silicon carbide and graphite particles were used as reinforcements to improve hardness, wear resistance and provide self-lubrication respectively. Composites with varying graphite content were fabricated using stir casting and tested for hardness and tensile strength after heat treatment. Results showed that hardness and tensile strength increased with increasing graphite
Roll forming Long parts with constant complex cross-sections; good surface finish; high
production rates; high tooling costs.
Stretch forming
Large parts with shallow contours; suitable for low-quantity production; high
labor costs; tooling and equipment costs depend on part size.
Drawing Shallow or deep parts with relatively simple shapes; high production rates;
high tooling and equipment costs.
Stamping Includes a variety of operations, such as punching, blanking, embossing,
bending, flanging, and coining; simple or complex shapes formed at high
production rates; tooling and equipment costs can be high, but labor costs
are low.
Rubber-pad
forming
Drawing and embossing of simple or complex shapes; sheet surface protected
by rubber membranes; flexibility of operation; low tooling costs.
Spinning Small or large axisymmetric parts; good surface finish; low tooling costs, but
labor costs can be high unless operations are automated.
Superplastic
forming
Complex shapes, fine detail, and close tolerances; forming times are long,
and hence production rates are low; parts not suitable for high-temperature
use.
Peen forming Shallow contours on large sheets; flexibility of operation; equipment costs
can be high; process is also used for straightening parts.
Explosive
forming
Very large sheets with relatively complex shapes, although usually axisymmetric;
low tooling costs, but high labor costs; suitable for low-quantity
production; long cycle times.
Magnetic-pulse
forming
Shallow forming, bulging, and embossing operations on relatively lowstrength
sheets; most suitable for tubular shapes; high production rates;
requires special tooling.
Development of a topological optimised Hinge Arm through combination of ALM- ...Altair
This document discusses the development of a topologically optimized hinge arm component through a combination of additive manufacturing and investment casting processes. It begins with an overview of Alcoa, describing its founding, global operations, and business groups. It then provides details on Alcoa's investment casting capabilities and facilities. The document presents a case study on redesigning an aircraft hinge arm component using topology optimization, additive manufacturing of patterns, and investment casting. The optimized design achieved a 47% weight reduction while meeting all stress and displacement constraints.
IRJET- Preparation & Mechanical Characterization of Aluminium 6063 Metal Matr...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on preparing and characterizing the mechanical properties of an aluminum 6063 metal matrix composite reinforced with silicon carbide and graphite particles. The composite was fabricated using stir casting and tested at different reinforcement weight percentages. Testing showed that ultimate tensile strength, hardness, compression strength, and toughness increased with higher reinforcement content, while ductility decreased. This composite material could potentially be used in automotive and aerospace applications due to its improved mechanical properties and light weight.
Composites in aerospace structures by k s narayana raoKaushik Byna
The document discusses the use of composites in aerospace structures. It covers various topics such as composite applications, the design process, manufacturing techniques, qualification process, and helicopter applications. The manufacturing techniques section describes various composite manufacturing methods like vacuum bag molding, autoclave molding, resin transfer molding, filament winding, and pultrusion. The qualification process section outlines the building block approach for qualification which involves constituent, lamina, laminate, structural element, and structural subcomponent or full-scale testing.
FINAL REVIEWADAFASFSAFASFAFSFSGGaGGV HBKJSJohn Ajish
This document evaluates the mechanical properties of an aluminum matrix composite reinforced with zirconium dioxide and graphite particles. It describes creating composite specimens with varying weight fractions of graphite (5%, 10%, 15%) and a constant 4% zirconium dioxide added to an aluminum 6061 matrix via stir casting. The experiments will evaluate the tensile strength, compressive strength, wear resistance, and microstructure of the composites using various mechanical tests. The goal is to study how the mechanical properties of the aluminum composite relate to the processing and addition of the ceramic reinforcements.
Design and Analysis of Helical Compression Spring for Shock AbsorberSangarganeshS
The document discusses the design and analysis of a helical compression spring for a shock absorber. It analyzes springs made of phosphor bronze, spring brass, and carbon steel. The analysis found that phosphor bronze had the highest deformation and energy storage capacity, making it best suited to absorb shocks compared to the other materials. Finite element analysis in ANSYS was used to simulate loads on the different spring designs and materials. The analysis concluded that phosphor bronze is the best material for the helical compression spring based on its shock absorbing capabilities.
Presentation given by Dustin J. Fox, Global R&D Manager, at Fushi Copperweld's 2008 Analyst Day held at Copperweld Bimetallics headquarters on Novemeber 18, 2008.
This document provides an overview of materials used in fertilizer plants, including their classification, properties, and applications. It discusses various types of metals and alloys used, including carbon steel, cast iron, stainless steel, and others. Key points covered include:
- Classification of materials into ferrous, non-ferrous, metallic, and non-metallic categories.
- Properties of materials like strength, hardness, ductility, and toughness.
- Types of steel alloys and role of elements like chromium, nickel, molybdenum, and carbon.
- Applications of materials for cooling water networks, steam lines, and urea service equipment.
- Stainless steel
Ammc's fabricated by friction stir processSelf-employed
The document discusses friction stir processing of aluminum metal matrix composites. It begins with an introduction to friction stir processing, describing how it uses a non-consumable tool to plastically deform metal and create a fine-grained microstructure without melting. The objectives and literature review on aluminum metal matrix composites are then summarized. Details are provided on the friction stir processing technique, selection of AA5083-H111 aluminum alloy, its properties and applications.
The document discusses a study that examines the effect of adding graphite particles to an aluminum bronze alloy prepared by powder metallurgy. Various weight percentages of graphite were added as a reinforcing element to the base alloy, which has a chemical composition of Cu-11%Al. Tests were conducted to analyze the effect on properties like hardness, compressive strength, and surface roughness after machining. The results showed that adding 0.3% graphite by weight increased the hardness by 7.93% and compressive strength by 11.62%, while also reducing surface roughness after machining by 22.65-32.38%. The study aims to improve the mechanical and machining properties of the aluminum bronze alloy through the addition
1.1 Classification of engineering materials.
1.2 Crystal structure, Unit cell and space lattice
1.3 Microstructure, types of microscopes
1.4 Sample preparation, etching process, types of etchant.
1.5 Properties of metals Physical Properties, Mechanical Properties.
1.6 Hardness testing procedure on Brinell and Rockwell tester
Electrical Engineering (EE) presentation on POWER CABLESPritish Parihar
The document is a seminar report submitted by Mukesh Solanki to fulfill the requirements for a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering. The report discusses various types of power cables used for transmission and distribution of electricity, including overhead conductors such as AAC, AAAC, ACSR, ACAR, and underground cables. It provides details on the composition, properties, specifications and applications of different conductor types. The report aims to help understand the characteristics and selection criteria for optimal conductors based on transmission line design requirements.
IRJET- Corrosion Behaviour of Ceramic Coated and Uncoated Aluminium Alloys Al...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the corrosion behavior of ceramic-coated and uncoated aluminum alloys Al 6061, Al 6068, and Al 7075 in 3.5% NaCl solution. Vickers hardness tests and immersion corrosion tests were performed on the uncoated and coated alloy samples. The results showed that the coated alloys exhibited lower hardness values and less weight loss compared to the uncoated alloys after 168 hours of corrosion testing, indicating the ceramic coating provided better corrosion resistance for the aluminum alloys in NaCl solution.
IRJET- Effect of Reinforcement of B4C & SIC on Hardness of AA2024IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the effect of reinforcing aluminum alloy AA2024 with boron carbide (B4C) and silicon carbide (SiC) particles on the hardness of the composite. AA2024 was reinforced with 5% and 10% mixtures of B4C and SiC using stir casting. Testing found that a 5% reinforcement increased Brinell hardness to 49 BHN and Rockwell hardness to 119 HRB. A 10% reinforcement further increased hardness to 97 BHN and 185 HRB, respectively. The document concludes that reinforcing AA2024 with B4C and SiC improves its mechanical properties by increasing hardness in a linear relationship with reinforcement content.
4.1 Copper and its alloys - brasses, bronzes Chemical compositions, properties and Applications.
4.2 Aluminium alloys –Y-alloy, Hindalium, duralium with their composition and
Applications.
4.3 Bearing materials like white metals (Sn based), aluminium bronzes. Porous, Self lubricating bearings
Using Steel In Solar Racking and MountingJMCSteelGroup
When it comes to solar installations, steel provides a number of advantages that you may not already know. Steel supplier Wheatland Tube and racking manufacturer Patriot Solar Group detail the latest in steel-working knowledge and how best to apply the metal in solar racking and mounting.
Introduction to Physical Metallurgy Lecture NotesFellowBuddy.com
FellowBuddy.com is an innovative platform that brings students together to share notes, exam papers, study guides, project reports and presentation for upcoming exams.
We connect Students who have an understanding of course material with Students who need help.
Benefits:-
# Students can catch up on notes they missed because of an absence.
# Underachievers can find peer developed notes that break down lecture and study material in a way that they can understand
# Students can earn better grades, save time and study effectively
Our Vision & Mission – Simplifying Students Life
Our Belief – “The great breakthrough in your life comes when you realize it, that you can learn anything you need to learn; to accomplish any goal that you have set for yourself. This means there are no limits on what you can be, have or do.”
Like Us - https://www.facebook.com/FellowBuddycom
A STUDY ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM 6063 BASED HYBRID COMPOSITESSuryamech5
The document discusses a study on the mechanical properties of aluminium 6063-based hybrid composites reinforced with silicon carbide and graphite particles. The objectives are to study the tensile strength and hardness of the composites and correlate these properties with the amount of graphite added. Aluminium 6063 was chosen as the matrix material due to its medium strength, good toughness and corrosion resistance. Silicon carbide and graphite particles were used as reinforcements to improve hardness, wear resistance and provide self-lubrication respectively. Composites with varying graphite content were fabricated using stir casting and tested for hardness and tensile strength after heat treatment. Results showed that hardness and tensile strength increased with increasing graphite
Roll forming Long parts with constant complex cross-sections; good surface finish; high
production rates; high tooling costs.
Stretch forming
Large parts with shallow contours; suitable for low-quantity production; high
labor costs; tooling and equipment costs depend on part size.
Drawing Shallow or deep parts with relatively simple shapes; high production rates;
high tooling and equipment costs.
Stamping Includes a variety of operations, such as punching, blanking, embossing,
bending, flanging, and coining; simple or complex shapes formed at high
production rates; tooling and equipment costs can be high, but labor costs
are low.
Rubber-pad
forming
Drawing and embossing of simple or complex shapes; sheet surface protected
by rubber membranes; flexibility of operation; low tooling costs.
Spinning Small or large axisymmetric parts; good surface finish; low tooling costs, but
labor costs can be high unless operations are automated.
Superplastic
forming
Complex shapes, fine detail, and close tolerances; forming times are long,
and hence production rates are low; parts not suitable for high-temperature
use.
Peen forming Shallow contours on large sheets; flexibility of operation; equipment costs
can be high; process is also used for straightening parts.
Explosive
forming
Very large sheets with relatively complex shapes, although usually axisymmetric;
low tooling costs, but high labor costs; suitable for low-quantity
production; long cycle times.
Magnetic-pulse
forming
Shallow forming, bulging, and embossing operations on relatively lowstrength
sheets; most suitable for tubular shapes; high production rates;
requires special tooling.
Development of a topological optimised Hinge Arm through combination of ALM- ...Altair
This document discusses the development of a topologically optimized hinge arm component through a combination of additive manufacturing and investment casting processes. It begins with an overview of Alcoa, describing its founding, global operations, and business groups. It then provides details on Alcoa's investment casting capabilities and facilities. The document presents a case study on redesigning an aircraft hinge arm component using topology optimization, additive manufacturing of patterns, and investment casting. The optimized design achieved a 47% weight reduction while meeting all stress and displacement constraints.
IRJET- Preparation & Mechanical Characterization of Aluminium 6063 Metal Matr...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on preparing and characterizing the mechanical properties of an aluminum 6063 metal matrix composite reinforced with silicon carbide and graphite particles. The composite was fabricated using stir casting and tested at different reinforcement weight percentages. Testing showed that ultimate tensile strength, hardness, compression strength, and toughness increased with higher reinforcement content, while ductility decreased. This composite material could potentially be used in automotive and aerospace applications due to its improved mechanical properties and light weight.
Composites in aerospace structures by k s narayana raoKaushik Byna
The document discusses the use of composites in aerospace structures. It covers various topics such as composite applications, the design process, manufacturing techniques, qualification process, and helicopter applications. The manufacturing techniques section describes various composite manufacturing methods like vacuum bag molding, autoclave molding, resin transfer molding, filament winding, and pultrusion. The qualification process section outlines the building block approach for qualification which involves constituent, lamina, laminate, structural element, and structural subcomponent or full-scale testing.
FINAL REVIEWADAFASFSAFASFAFSFSGGaGGV HBKJSJohn Ajish
This document evaluates the mechanical properties of an aluminum matrix composite reinforced with zirconium dioxide and graphite particles. It describes creating composite specimens with varying weight fractions of graphite (5%, 10%, 15%) and a constant 4% zirconium dioxide added to an aluminum 6061 matrix via stir casting. The experiments will evaluate the tensile strength, compressive strength, wear resistance, and microstructure of the composites using various mechanical tests. The goal is to study how the mechanical properties of the aluminum composite relate to the processing and addition of the ceramic reinforcements.
Design and Analysis of Helical Compression Spring for Shock AbsorberSangarganeshS
The document discusses the design and analysis of a helical compression spring for a shock absorber. It analyzes springs made of phosphor bronze, spring brass, and carbon steel. The analysis found that phosphor bronze had the highest deformation and energy storage capacity, making it best suited to absorb shocks compared to the other materials. Finite element analysis in ANSYS was used to simulate loads on the different spring designs and materials. The analysis concluded that phosphor bronze is the best material for the helical compression spring based on its shock absorbing capabilities.
Presentation given by Dustin J. Fox, Global R&D Manager, at Fushi Copperweld's 2008 Analyst Day held at Copperweld Bimetallics headquarters on Novemeber 18, 2008.
This document provides an overview of materials used in fertilizer plants, including their classification, properties, and applications. It discusses various types of metals and alloys used, including carbon steel, cast iron, stainless steel, and others. Key points covered include:
- Classification of materials into ferrous, non-ferrous, metallic, and non-metallic categories.
- Properties of materials like strength, hardness, ductility, and toughness.
- Types of steel alloys and role of elements like chromium, nickel, molybdenum, and carbon.
- Applications of materials for cooling water networks, steam lines, and urea service equipment.
- Stainless steel
Ammc's fabricated by friction stir processSelf-employed
The document discusses friction stir processing of aluminum metal matrix composites. It begins with an introduction to friction stir processing, describing how it uses a non-consumable tool to plastically deform metal and create a fine-grained microstructure without melting. The objectives and literature review on aluminum metal matrix composites are then summarized. Details are provided on the friction stir processing technique, selection of AA5083-H111 aluminum alloy, its properties and applications.
The document discusses a study that examines the effect of adding graphite particles to an aluminum bronze alloy prepared by powder metallurgy. Various weight percentages of graphite were added as a reinforcing element to the base alloy, which has a chemical composition of Cu-11%Al. Tests were conducted to analyze the effect on properties like hardness, compressive strength, and surface roughness after machining. The results showed that adding 0.3% graphite by weight increased the hardness by 7.93% and compressive strength by 11.62%, while also reducing surface roughness after machining by 22.65-32.38%. The study aims to improve the mechanical and machining properties of the aluminum bronze alloy through the addition
Similaire à aleaciones no ferrosas-ciencias de los materiales (20)
artificial intelligence and data science contents.pptxGauravCar
What is artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks that are commonly associated with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason.
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CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
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Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Manufacturing Process of molasses based distillery ppt.pptx
aleaciones no ferrosas-ciencias de los materiales
1. Non Ferrous Alloys
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 1 1
Dec 2020 Materials Science an Introduction
Departamento de Ciencias de la Energía
Mecánica
Ciencia de Materiales
Aplicada
Xavier R. Sánchez S.
2. Objectives
2
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 2
Nov 2019 Materials Science an Introduction
Explore the properties and applications of Cu, Al,
and Ti alloys in load-bearing applications.
Dec 2020
3. Contents
• Introduction
• Aluminum Alloys
• Designation System for Aluminum Alloy (DSAA)
• Aluminum Alloys Properties (AAP)
• Aluminum Alloys Applications (AAA)
• Copper Alloys
• Designation System for Copper Alloy (DSCA)
• Copper Alloys Properties (CAP)
• Cooper Alloys Applications (CAA)
3
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
3
Materials Science an Introduction
Dec 2020
4. 4
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 4
The Science and Engineeringof Materials
Fourth Edition
Donald R. Askeland
Materials Science an Introduction
Introduction
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
5. 5
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 5
Nov 2019 Materials Science an Introduction
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Contents
• Introduction
• Aluminum Alloys
• Designation System for Aluminum Alloy (DSAA)
• Aluminum Alloys Properties (AAP)
• Aluminum Alloys Applications (AAA)
• Copper Alloys
• Designation System for Copper Alloy (DSCA)
• Copper Alloys Properties (CAP)
• Cooper Alloys Applications (CAA)
6. Aluminum alloys
6
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 6
Materials Science an Introduction
Basic Formation in Material Science
Malcom J Couper Melbourn - University
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
7. Aluminum alloys
7
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 7
Materials Science an Introduction
Basic Formation in Material Science
Malcom J Couper Melbourn - University
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
9. 9
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 9
Materials Science an Introduction
Aluminum alloys
Basic Formation in Material Science
Malcom J Couper Melbourn - University
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
10. 10
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 10
Materials Science an Introduction
Aluminum alloys
http://www.world-aluminium.org/publications/
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
11. 11
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 11
Nov 2019 Materials Science an Introduction
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Contents
• Introduction
• Aluminum Alloys
• Designation System for Aluminum Alloy (DSAA)
• Aluminum Alloys Properties (AAP)
• Aluminum Alloys Applications (AAA)
• Copper Alloys
• Designation System for Copper Alloy (DSCA)
• Copper Alloys Properties (CAP)
• Cooper Alloys Applications (CAA)
12. 12
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 12
Materials Science an Introduction
Designation System for Aluminum Alloy
The Science and Engineeringof Materials
Fourth Edition
Donald R. Askeland
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
13. 13
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 13
Materials Science an Introduction
Designation System for Aluminum Alloy
The Science and Engineeringof Materials
Fourth Edition
Donald R. Askeland
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
14. 14
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 14
Nov 2019 Materials Science an Introduction
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Contents
• Introduction
• Aluminum Alloys
• Designation System for Aluminum Alloy (DSAA)
• Aluminum Alloys Properties (AAP)
• Aluminum Alloys Applications (AAA)
• Copper Alloys
• Designation System for Copper Alloy (DSCA)
• Copper Alloys Properties (CAP)
• Cooper Alloys Applications (CAA)
15. 15
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 15
Materials Science an Introduction
Aluminum Alloy Properties (AAP)
The Science and Engineeringof Materials
Fourth Edition
Donald R. Askeland
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
16. 16
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 16
Nov 2019 Materials Science an Introduction
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Contents
• Introduction
• Aluminum Alloys
• Designation System for Aluminum Alloy (DSAA)
• Aluminum Alloys Properties (AAP)
• Aluminum Alloys Applications (AAA)
• Copper Alloys
• Designation System for Copper Alloy (DSCA)
• Copper Alloys Properties (CAP)
• Cooper Alloys Applications (CAA)
17. Aluminum Alloys Applications
17
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 17
Materials Science an Introduction
Basic Formation in Material Science
K. Xia Melbourn - University
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
18. Aluminum Alloys Applications
18
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 18
Materials Science an Introduction
Basic Formation in Material Science
K. Xia Melbourn - University
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
19. Aluminum Alloys Applications
19
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 19
Materials Science an Introduction
Basic Formation in Material Science
K. Xia Melbourn - University
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
20. 20
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 20
Nov 2019 Materials Science an Introduction
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Contents
• Introduction
• Aluminum Alloys
• Designation System for Aluminum Alloy (DSAA)
• Aluminum Alloys Properties (AAP)
• Aluminum Alloys Applications (AAA)
• Copper Alloys
• Designation System for Copper Alloy (DSCA)
• Copper Alloys Properties (CAP)
• Cooper Alloys Applications (CAA)
21. 21
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 21
Nov 2019 Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys
Binary phase diagrams for the (a) copper-zinc,
(b) copper-tin, (c) copper-aluminum, and (d)
copper-beryllium systems
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
22. 22
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 22
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys
Blister copper - An impure form of copper obtained during
the copper refining process.
Applications for copper-based alloys include electrical
components (such as wire), pumps, valves, and plumbing
parts, where these properties are used to advantage.
Brass - A group of copper-based alloys, normally containing
zinc as the major alloying element.
Bronze - Generally, copper alloys containing tin, can contain
other elements.
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
23. 23
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 23
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys
Chalcopyrite Cu pure
GRASBERG- INDONESIA
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
24. 24
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 24
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys
GRASBERG- INDONESIA
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
25. 25
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 25
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys
ANTOFAGASTA- CHILE (Mina Escondida)
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
26. 26
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Mina+Escondida,+Antofagasta,+Regi%C3%B3n+de+Antofagasta,+Chile/@-24.2686838,-
69.0713297,7607m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x96a5fbaf54f8304d:0x31662da5a3a31fa0!8m2!3d-24.2943791!4d-69.0376435
26
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys
ANTOFAGASTA- CHILE (Mina Escondida)
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
27. 27
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 27
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys
https://www.911metallurgist.com/blog/copper-process-flowsheet-example
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
28. 28
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 28
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys
https://www.lme.com/en-GB/Metals/Non-ferrous/Copper#tabIndex=2
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
29. 29
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 29
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys
http://www.mtlexs.com/demand-supply/refined-copper-production-and-usage/4
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
30. 30
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 30
Nov 2019 Materials Science an Introduction
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Contents
• Introduction
• Aluminum Alloys
• Designation System for Aluminum Alloy (DSAA)
• Aluminum Alloys Properties (AAP)
• Aluminum Alloys Applications (AAA)
• Copper Alloys
• Designation System for Copper Alloy (DSCA)
• Copper Alloys Properties (CAP)
• Cooper Alloys Applications (CAA)
31. 31
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 31
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys
https://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_copper_alloys
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
32. 32
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 32
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys
https://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=classification_of_copper_alloys
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
33. 33
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 33
Nov 2019 Materials Science an Introduction
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Contents
• Introduction
• Aluminum Alloys
• Designation System for Aluminum Alloy (DSAA)
• Aluminum Alloys Properties (AAP)
• Aluminum Alloys Applications (AAA)
• Copper Alloys
• Designation System for Copper Alloy (DSCA)
• Copper Alloys Properties (CAP)
• Cooper Alloys Applications (CAA)
34. 34
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 34
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys Properties
The Science and Engineeringof Materials
Fourth Edition
Donald R. Askeland
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
35. 35
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 35
Materials Science an Introduction
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Contents
• Introduction
• Aluminum Alloys
• Designation System for Aluminum Alloy (DSAA)
• Aluminum Alloys Properties (AAP)
• Aluminum Alloys Applications (AAA)
• Copper Alloys
• Designation System for Copper Alloy (DSCA)
• Copper Alloys Properties (CAP)
• Cooper Alloys Applications (CAA)
Dec 2020
36. 36
INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL ASPECTS MAT. AND METHOD RESULTS & DISCUSSION CONCLUSIONS
20 November 2017 Aplication of UMIM for manufacturing of UHMWPE 36
Materials Science an Introduction
Copper Alloys Properties
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Fig-1-Current-and-future-potential-applications-of-copper-and-copper-compounds-in_fig1_233589535
INTRODUCTION ALUMINUM ALLOYS DSSA AAP AAA COPPER ALLOYS
DSCA CAP CAA
Dec 2020
37. 37
“Quien no espera vencer, ya está vencido””
José Joaquín de Olmedo
Materials Science an Introduction
Dec 2020