American Revolution

1. American Revolution

2. Table of contents
01
03
02
04
Historical
context
Battles and
campaigns
Causes of the
revolution
Leaders on
both sides

3. Historical
context
01

4. Historical Background
• North America – populated by native
Americans
• 1500’s - Europeans began arriving in North
America
• The French moved into the north and the
Spanish settled in the south and west, the
British founded colonies on the east coast.

6. Historical Background
• 1600s - the British king began establishing
colonies in America.
• 1700s - most of the settlements had formed into
13 British colonies: Connecticut, Delaware,
Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Virginia,
North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and
South Carolina.

7. Events leading to the
revolution
The Revolutionary War (1775-83), also known
as the American Revolution, arose from growing
tensions between residents of Great Britain’s 13
North American colonies and the colonial
government, which represented the British
crown.

8. Causes of the revolution
A. Implementation of taxes
1. Stamp Act of 1765
- Imposed a tax on all paper documents in the
colonies

9. Causes of the revolution

10. Causes of the revolution
■ The issues of taxation and representation
raised by the Stamp Act strained relations
with the colonies to the point that, 10 years
later, the colonists rose in armed rebellion
against the British.

11. Causes of the revolution
2. Sugar Act (1764) - British legislation aimed
at ending the smuggling trade in sugar and
molasses from the French and Dutch West
Indies and at providing increased revenues to
fund enlarged British Empire responsibilities
following the French and Indian War.

12. Causes of the revolution
3. The Townshend Acts were a series of
measures, passed by the British Parliament in
1767, that taxed goods imported to the
American colonies. But American colonists,
who had no representation in Parliament, saw
the Acts as an abuse of power.

13. Causes of the revolution
■ The Townshend Acts, named after Charles
Townshend, British chancellor of the
Exchequer, imposed duties on British china,
glass, lead, paint, paper and tea imported to
the colonies.

14. Causes of the revolution
■ The Townshend duties went into effect on
November 20, 1767, close on the heels of the
Declaratory Act of 1766, which stated that
British Parliament had the same authority to
tax the American colonies as they did in Great
Britain.

15. Causes of the revolution
■ Townshend Act Protests
a. influential pamphlets
- “Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania,”
essays written by Pennsylvania legislator

16. Causes of the revolution
■ Townshend Act Protests
a. influential pamphlets
- “Massachusetts Circular Letter,” a statement
a statement written by Samuel Adams and
Adams and James Otis Jr. and passed by the
passed by the Massachusetts House of
of Representative to other colonial

17. Causes of the revolution
■ Townshend Act Protests
b. Sons of Liberty—a secret society of
of American business leaders who coined the
coined the phrase “taxation without
representation”—24 towns in
Massachusetts, Conneticut and Rhode
Island agreed to boycott British goods in
goods in January 1768.

18. Causes of the revolution
■ In response to protests and
boycotts, the British sent troops
to occupy Boston and quell the
unrest.
■ Tensions between the colonists and
British troops finally boiled over
on March 5, 1770, when British
soldiers shot into an angry mob,

19. Causes of the revolution
3. The Tea Act of 1773 - one of
several measures imposed on the
American colonists. The act’s main
purpose was not to raise revenue
from the colonies but to bail out
the floundering East India
Company, a key actor in the
British economy.

20. Causes of the revolution
The British government granted the
company a monopoly on the
importation and sale of tea in the
colonies. The colonists had never
accepted the constitutionality of
the duty on tea, and the Tea Act
rekindled their opposition to it.

21. Causes of the revolution
December 16, 1773 - colonists
boarded East India Company ships
and dumped their loads of tea
overboard. This is known as the
Boston Tea Party.

22. Causes of the revolution
■ In response to protests and
boycotts, the British sent troops
to occupy Boston and quell the
unrest.
■ Tensions between the colonists and
British troops finally boiled over
on March 5, 1770, when British
soldiers shot into an angry mob,

23. Response to the Boston Tea Party
The Parliament passed a series of
measures (known as the
Intolerable, or Coercive Acts)
designed to reassert imperial
authority in Massachusetts.

24. Response to the Boston Tea Party
The Parliament passed a series of measures (known as
the Intolerable, or Coercive Acts) designed to reassert
imperial authority in Massachusetts.

25. The First Continental Congress
The British expected the rest of
the colonies to abandon Bostonians
to British martial law. Instead,
other colonies rushed to the
city’s defense, sending supplies
and forming their own Provincial
Congresses to discuss British
misrule and mobilize resistance to

26. The First Continental Congress
In September 1774, the First
Continental Congress met in
Philadelphia and began
orchestrating a united resistance
to British rule in America.

27. Leaders on both sides
• Colonel William Prescott
• General Sir Thomas Gage
(Battle of Bunker Hill)
• George Washington (Virginia)
• John and Samuel Adams
(Massachusetts)
• Patrick Henry(Virginia)
• John Jay (New York)
American leaders British leaders

28. AMERICAN LEADERS
Samuel Adams was a thorn in the side
of the British in the years before the
American Revolution. As a political
activist and state legislator, he
spoke out against British efforts to
tax the colonists and pressured
merchants to boycott British products.
He also was an important leader in the

29. AMERICAN LEADERS
James Otis Jr. is an American
political activist during the period
leading up to the American Revolution.
He helped formulate the colonists’
grievances against the British
government in the 1760s.
“Taxation without representation”

30. AMERICAN LEADERS
George Washington
(1732-99) was
commander in chief of
the Continental Army
during the American
Revolutionary War
(1775-83) and served
two terms as the first

31. AMERICAN LEADERS
Patrick Henry was one of the Founding
Fathers of the United States and the
first governor of Virginia.
■ A gifted orator and major figure in
the American Revolution
■ “Give me liberty, or give me
death!”

32. AMERICAN LEADERS
Benjamin Franklin -
During the American
Revolution, he served
in the Second
Continental Congress
and helped draft the
Declaration of
Independence in 1776.

33. AMERICAN LEADERS
John Jay - an American statesman and
Founding Father who served the United
States in numerous government offices.
He also served as the key negotiator
at the Treaty of Paris, which ended
the American Revolutionary War and
recognized the independence of the
United States.

34. AMERICAN LEADERS
John Hancock - American Revolution
leader and was a signer of the
Declaration of Independence in 1776 and
a governor of Massachusetts. Hancock
used his wealth and influence to aid the
movement for American independence. He
was president of the Second Continental
Congress from 1775 to 1777, when the

35. AMERICAN LEADERS
Thomas Jefferson - author of
the Declaration of
Independence and the third
U.S. president, was a
leading figure in America’s
early development. During
the American Revolutionary
War, he served in the

36. The First Continental Congress
A group of colonial delegates
including George Washington, John
and Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry
and John Jay met in Philadelphia
in September 1774 to give voice to
their grievances against the
British crown.

37. The First Continental Congress
They denounced taxation without
representation, as well as the
maintenance of the British army in
the colonies without their consent.
It issued a declaration of the rights
due every citizen, including life,
liberty, property, assembly and trial
by jury. The Continental Congress
voted to meet again in May 1775 to

38. The Battles of Lexington and
Concord
April 18, 1775, hundreds of British
troops marched from Boston to nearby
Concord in order to seize an arms cache.
Paul Revere and other riders sounded the
alarm, and colonial militiamen began
mobilizing to intercept the Redcoat
column. A confrontation on the Lexington
town green started off the fighting, and
soon the British were hastily retreating

39. The Battles of Lexington and
Concord
The British continued to Concord, where
they searched for hidden arms. At North
Bridge, a group of redcoats and
minutemen clashed, leaving 3 redcoats
and 2 minutemen dead. The British then
retreated to Boston, while citizen-
soldiers fired at the soldiers from
behind trees and stone fences. British
solders killed or wounded totalled 273;

40. Battle of Bunker Hill
At the Battle of Bunker Hill on June 17,
1775, early in the Revolutionary War,
the British defeated the Americans.
Despite their loss, the inexperienced
colonial forces inflicted significant
casualties against the enemy, and the
battle provided them with an important
confidence boost during the Siege of
Boston. Although commonly referred to as

41. Second Continental Congress
Delegates—including new additions
Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson—
voted to form a Continental Army, with
Washington as its commander in chief.

42. MORE BATTLES
Throughout that fall and winter,
Washington’s forces struggled to keep
the British contained in Boston, but
artillery captured at Fort Ticonderoga
in New York helped shift the balance of
that struggle in late winter. The
British evacuated the city in March
1776, with Howe and his men retreating
to Canada to prepare a major invasion of

43. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
By June 1776, with the Revolutionary War
in full swing, a growing majority of the
colonists had come to favor independence
from Britain. On July 4, the Continental
Congress voted to adopt the Declaration
of Independence, drafted by a five-man
committee including Franklin and John
Adams but written mainly by Jefferson.

44. Saratoga: Revolutionary War
Turning Point
The Battle of Saratoga occurred in
September and October, 1777, during the
second year of the American Revolution. It
included two crucial battles, fought
eighteen days apart, and was a decisive
victory for the Continental Army and a
crucial turning point in the Revolutionary
War.

45. Saratoga: Freeman’s Farm
Known as the Battle of Freeman’s Farm or
the First Battle of Saratoga, the fierce
fighting lasted for several hours.
Momentum changed sides several times, but
neither side gained significant ground
until Burgoyne ordered his column of German
troops to support the faltering British
line and forced the Americans to pull back.
Still, the British suffered twice the

46. Battle of Bemis Heights (South
Saratoga)
■ Burgoyne decided to stay put and wait for
reinforcements from New York City. In the
meantime, the number of Gates’ American
troops increased to over 13,000 and
continued to grow.
■ Out of supplies and out of options,
Burgoyne surrendered his army to Gates on
October 17.

47. BATTLE OF YORKTOWN
When British General Lord Charles
Cornwallis and his army surrendered to
General George Washington’s American force
and its French allies at the Battle of
Yorktown on October 19, 1781, it was more
than just a military win. The outcome in
Yorktown, Virginia marked the conclusion of
the last major battle of the American
Revolution and the start of a new nation's
independence. It also cemented Washington’s

48. TREATY OF PARIS
The Treaty of Paris of 1783 formally ended
the American Revolutionary War. American
statesmen Benjamin Franklin, John Adams and
John Jay negotiated the peace treaty with
representatives of King George III of Great
Britain. In the Treaty of Paris, the
British Crown formally recognized American
independence and ceded most of its
territory east of the Mississippi River to
the United States, doubling the size of the

49. Leaders on both sides
BATTLE American Leader British Leader
Battle of Lexington and
Concord
Barrett, Buttrick,
Robinson and many
others
Colonel Smith, Major
Pitcairn and Lord Percy
The Battle of Bunker
Hill
Colonel William
Prescott
General Sir Thomas
Gage
Battle of Saratoga General Horatio Gates General John
Burgoyne
Battle of Yorktown Lord Charles
Cornwallis
General George
Washington

50. Awesome
words

51. “This is a quote, words full of wisdom
that someone important said and can
make the reader get inspired”
—Someone Famous

52. A picture is worth a thousand words

53. A picture
always
reinforces
the concept
Images reveal large amounts of data, so
remember: use an image instead of a
long text. Your audience will appreciate it

54. Venus
This is a map
Venus has a beautiful
name and is the
second planet from the
Sun. It’s terribly hot,
even hotter than
Mercury, and its
atmosphere is
extremely poisonous

55. American revolutionary war
Mercury is the
closest planet to
the Sun and the
smallest of them all
Venus has a
beautiful name and
is the second
planet from the Sun
Earth is the third
planet from the Sun
and the only one
that harbors life
Mercury Venus Earth
Despite being red,
Mars is actually a
cold place. It’s full
of iron oxide dust
Mars
2XXX 2XXX 2XXX 2XXX

56. The declaration of independence
was signed by…
Venus has extremely
high temperatures
Mars is actually a very
cold place
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun
John Adams
T. Jefferson
B. Franklin
Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all
Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun
Saturn is a gas giant
and has several rings
John Hancock
John Jay
Thomas
Paine

57. Declaration of independence
Aspect Details
Authorship T. Jefferson, J. Adams, B. Franklin, R. Sherman, and Robert R. Livingston
Date July 4, 1776
Purpose To declare the American colonies' independence from British rule
Structure: The preamble, the grievances against king, and the declaration of independence
Key Ideas Asserted the right to alter or abolish a government that violates these rights
Influences Enlightenment ideas, especially those of John Locke
Significance
1. Symbolic Document: Represents a bold step towards self-governance
2. Inspirational: Motivated colonists and later generations in the fight for freedom
3. International Impact: Garnered support from foreign nations
4. Foundation for Government: The philosophy of the principles of the nation

58. American colonist were divided in:
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one here. For more info, click
here
Mercury
Mercury is quite a
small planet
Jupiter
Jupiter is an
enormous planet
Venus
Venus has very
high temperatures
Saturn
Saturn is a gas
giant with rings

59. Rubric
Criteria Exemplary Proficient Basic
Knowledge and
Understanding
Venus has a
beautiful name
Application of
Knowledge
Earth is the planet
with life
Exercises and
Practices
Mercury is actually
a small planet
Critical Thinking
and Skills
Despite being red,
Mars is cold
Collaboration and
Engagement
Planet Jupiter is a
huge gas giant

60. Multiple choice questions
Who was the primary author of the
Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
George Washington
Benjamin Franklin
What event marked the beginning of
the American Revolution in 1775?
Battle of Yorktown
Boston Tea Party
Lexington and Concord
When was the U.S. Constitution
officially ratified and came into effect?
1776
1787
1789
Which battle is considered the last
major land battle of the Revolution?
Siege of Yorktown
Battle of Trenton
Battle of Saratoga

61. Short answer questions
04
Explain the main ideas and principles outlined in the Declaration of Independence
Write here your answer
03
Why was the Constitutional Convention of 1787 convened, and what was its goal?
Write here your answer
02
Briefly discuss the outcome and impact of the Siege of Yorktown
Write here your answer
01
Describe the significance of the Battle of Saratoga in the American Revolution
Write here your answer

62. Group discussion
Topic American revolution / Founding documents
Introduction 2’ Explaining the importance of the history of American Revolution
Group formation 1’ Divide the students into small groups
Discussion round 10’ Assign each group a topic and have them discuss key aspects
Presentation 5’ Each group selects a spokesperson to share their findings
Q&A session 5’ Allow questions and discussions after each presentation
Takeaways 3’ Each student shares one key learning or action they'll take
Conclusion 2’ Summarize the importance of history

63. Project title: The american
revolution
Prepare a oral presentation
about your research
Objective Instructions
Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold
place
General Research
Venus is the second planet from the Sun
Biography of a Key Figure
Earth is the third planet from the Sun
Document Comparison
Venus has a beautiful name
and is the second planet from
the Sun. It’s terribly hot, even
hotter than Mercury, and its
atmosphere is extremely
poisonous. It’s the second-
brightest natural object
Bibliography
Neptune is the farthest planet from the Sun
Event Map

64. Essay
… written primarily by T. Jefferson, was adopted on July 4, 1776. It
declared the thirteen American colonies as independent states
… convened in Philadelphia in 1787 to address the weaknesses of
the Articles of Confederation
…The Articles of Confederation, adopted in 1777, served as the
first constitution of the United States
… is a fundamental principle of the U.S. Constitution. It ensures
that no single branch of government has too much power
… were the political leaders and statesmen who played crucial
roles in the American Revolution and the drafting of the U.S.
Constitution
… was the armed conflict between Great Britain and thirteen of its
North American colonies
Declaration of
Independence
Revolutionary
War
Founding
Fathers
Articles of
Confederation
Constitutional
Convention
Checks and
Balances

65. True or false
About american revolution and founding documents T F
The American Revolution began with the Battle of Bunker Hill X
The Declaration of Independence was signed before the Revolutionary War started
The Patriots were colonists who supported British rule during the American Revolution
The "Shot Heard 'Round the World" refers to the first shots fired at the Battle of Lexington and
Concord
The Treaty of Paris in 1783 officially recognized the independence of the United States
Thomas Jefferson was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence
The Battle of Saratoga is considered a turning point in the American Revolution
Valley Forge was the site of a significant British victory during the Revolutionary War
The Articles of Confederation served as the first constitution of the United States

66. Free slide
Army
Redcoats
Bunker hill
Yorktown
Freedom
Constitution
Gun
Rights
Act
Democracy
✔ Independence
Liberty
Revolution
Founding
Declaration
Documents
War
Patriots
Colonies
Taxation
A C T C O L O N I E S B W A R
R I G H T S T O I R T A P Y E
S T A O C D E R X G N R F U V
T A X A T I O N K U E M O Y O
D E M O C R A C Y N M Y U T L
U B L L I H R E K N U B N R U
K Y N O I T A R A L C E D E T
N O I T U T I T S N O C I B I
Y O R K T O W N U Y D B N I O
I N D E P E N D E N C E G L N

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