Chrysophyllum albidum Linn. (African star apple), a widly grown plant in the South-Western part of Nigeria belongs to the family of tree known as sapotaceae. It is an edible tropical plant known by various local names. It is called Agbalumo in Yoruba, Utieagbadara (urhobo), Udara (igbo), Ehya (Igala), Agwaluma (Hausa) and Azongogwe or Azonbobwe in Southern Benin. It is a plant with versatile folklore uses with repeated claims of efficacy. Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by chronic elevation of glucose in the blood, resulting from defects in insulin secretion, action or both. In this study, an attempt was made in assessing the antidiabetic activity of the stem-bark of C. albidum ethanol extract in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, which can serve as an alternative source for the development of new therapeutic drugs. Twenty (20) male and female albino rats were divided into five groups, with each group comprising of four rats. Group 1 animals, the basal control, received no treatment; group 2 (the diabetic control), also received no treatment, group 3 was treated with metformin, the standard drug (10 mg/kg b.w), group 4 was treated with C. albidum ethanol extract (10 mg/kg b.w), while group 5 recieved C. albidum ethanol extract (30 mg/kg b.w). Treatment was administered orally for a period of 28 days, and blood glucose level was monitored every 5th day after twelve (12 h) hours fast using glucometer and test strips. The result of this study showed a significant reduction (p<0.05) in the group treated with metformin and 30 mg/kg body weight of C. albidum ethanol extract when compared with the diabetic control group from weeks 0 to 5. Also, a significant decrease was observed in the group treated with 10 mg/kg body weight of C. albidum ethanol extract from weeks 3 to 5. The result of the group treated with 10 mg/kg body weight of C. albidum gave dose dependent increase. It could be concluded from the result that the plant extract possessed an anti-diabetic activity as the reference drug metformin. However, it will be of interest to further investigate the active compounds present in the plant and its mechanism of actions.Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by chronic elevation of glucose in the blood. It is a multifactorial disorder, whose development is contributed by environmental and genetic factors (Hsieh et al., 2008). Globally, diabetes is the 8th leading cause of death with a death rate of about 1.5 million affecting about 4 % of the global population (International Diabetes Federation, 2011). This disease requires treatment and changes in life style. It is projected to become one of the world's main disablers and killers within the next 25 years. The management of diabetes is a global problem until now and successful treatment is not yet discovered.

1. SEMINAR PRESENTATION
ON
EFFECT OF Chrysophyllum albidum LINN. STEM-BARK ON
ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
BY
AYEIYO ABIMBOLA ESTHER
MATRIC NO: 140410016
SUPERVISOR:
MRS. O.C. AKANJI
DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY,
FACULTY OF SCIENCE,
ADEKUNLE AJASIN UNIVERSITY, AKUNGBA AKOKO,
ONDO STATE.

2. OUTLINES
• INTRODUCTION
• JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
• AIM OF THE STUDY
• MATERIALS AND METHODS
• EXPECTED CONTRIBUTIONS TO KNOWLEDGE
• CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION
 Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized
by chronic elevation of glucose in the blood. It arises when the body
is unable to produce enough insulin for its own needs, either because
of impaired insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both.
 Globally, diabetes is the 8th leading cause of death with a death rate
of about 1.5 million affecting about 4% of the global population
 There are three common forms of diabetes: type 1 diabetes, type 2
diabetes and gestational diabetes.
 Diabetes has potential long term complications that can affect the
kidneys, eyes, heart, blood vessels, and nerves. This disease requires
treatment and changes in life style.

4. INTRODUCTION
TAXONOMICAL CLASSIFICATION
OF Chrysophyllum albidum L.
KINGDOM -Plantae
SUB-KINGDOM - Tracheobionta
DIVISION - Angiosperm
CLASS - Eudicot Bole of the tree
ORDER - Ericales
FAMILY - Sapotaceae
GENUS - Chrysophyllum L.
SPECIES - C .albidum
 Chrysophyllum albidum

5.  Chrysophyllum albidum belongs to the family Sapotaceae.
 It has a small to medium buttressed tree species, up to 25-37 m in
height with amature girth varying from 1.5 to 2 m.
 The African star apple fruit is a large berry containing 4-5 flattened
or sometimes fewer due to seed abortion (Keay,1989)
 This plant has been found to have highest content of ascorbic acid
(1000-3,330mg/100g) which is about 100 times that of oranges
and 10 times that of guava or cashew (Asenjo,1946)
 Phytochemical profile shows it contains an array of biologically
active substances that include alkaloids, tannin, saponin, phenol
and flavonoid.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE EXPERIMENTAL PLANT

6. Keeping in view the alarming rise in number of cases and increase in
prevalence of diabetes besides it complications and mortalities, also
due to the fact that synthetic drugs are not readily available and
expensive. Thus, alternative therapy is required,a need of hours is to
shift towards the indigenous plant and herbal formulations.
Hence, the need to study the antidiabetic activities of Chrysophyllum
albidum stem-bark which can serve as an alternative source for the
development of new therapeutic drugs.
JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY

7.  This study aimed at investigating the antidiabetic effect of the
methanol stem bark extract of C. albidum in alloxanized
diabetic rats
AIM OF THE STUDY

8. MATERIALS AND METHODDS
 Collection, identification and authentication of plant materials.
 Plants specimen preparation
 Extraction of plant sample
 Diabetes induction in experimental rats
 Experimental design
 Sacrificing and collection of animal samples for histopathological
analysis
 Statistical analysis.

9. EXPECTED CONTRIBUTIONS TO KNOWLEDGE
 The study is expected to show that the plant has significant
antidiabetic activity and could therefore be employed for the
treatment of diabetes mellitus.

10. EXPERIMENT
IN
PROGRESS

11. THANKS
FOR
LISTENI
NG