Although African American community archives have appeared, there is a lack of incorporation of
information-seeking, behaviour, language transmission, categorization, and community archival datasets
in data collection and machine learning (ML) environments. To address this, as the autoethnographer, I
propose to develop a future body of research targeting the African American community in Texas,
obtaining valuable insights about their engagement with ML. Eun Seo Jo's literature review emphasizes the
roles of community archives in ML environments and the strategies necessary for this space to be
considered a valuable resource in research and information. As the autoethnographer, I use this research
to explore effective strategies for machine learning environments to collaborate with African American
community archives and incorporate user input into ML data collection practices. The aim of the study is
to examine an original body of literature to aid me with my plan of action in creating a research study
about machine learning in African American community archives.
This document discusses analytical gestures used in social media data analysis. It begins by defining social media platforms as large databases that formalize different types of entities and connections. It then discusses that analytical gestures involve understanding the platform, selected analytical tools/methods, and researcher imagination. Examples of analytical gestures provided include visualizing friendship networks and co-liking networks from Facebook data. The document emphasizes that data analysis requires understanding the technical, social, and analytical aspects of the data.
Dave Clarke presented on knowledge organization and discovery. He discussed how knowledge management requires systematically organizing knowledge through standards and software. Effective organization allows for knowledge discovery, though full-text search has limitations without understanding context. Knowledge organization systems address this through formal subject indexing schemes linked to controlled vocabularies and external data sources. Several examples showed how semantic annotation and linking to external ontologies enhances discovery of conceptually related information that could not be found through search alone.
OntoSOC: S ociocultural K nowledge O ntology IJwest
This paper
present
s
a
sociocultural knowledge ontology (OntoSOC) modeling appro
a
ch. Ont
o-
SOC modeling appro
a
ch is based on Engeström‟s
Human Activity Theory (HAT)
.
That Theory allowed us
to identify fundamental concepts and rel
a
tionshi
ps between them. The top
-
down precess has been used to
d
efine differents sub
-
concepts. The
modeled vocabulary permits us to organise data, to facilitate in
form
a-
tion retrieval
by introducing a semantic layer in social web platform architec
ture,
we project t
o impl
e
ment.
This platform can be considered as a «
collective me
mory
»
and Participative and Distributed Info
r
mation
System
(PDIS) which will allow Cameroonian communities to share an co
-
construct knowledge on perm
a-
nent organi
z
ed activ
i
ties.
Pratt SILS Cultural Heritage: Description and Access Spring 2011PrattSILS
This document summarizes a research paper about the National Museum of the American Indian's (NMAI) efforts to digitize their collection in accordance with the Protocols for Native American Archival Materials. The summary includes:
The NMAI faces challenges in applying best practices for culturally sensitive Native American materials as it digitizes its collection. It aims to respect Native American values and rights over cultural heritage through consultation, context, and repatriation policies on its website. An analysis found the site effectively provides access to the collection while respecting these protocols.
Objectification Is A Word That Has Many Negative ConnotationsBeth Johnson
Here is an introduction to social web mining and big data:
Social web mining is the process of extracting useful information and knowledge from social media data. With the rise of big data, social media platforms are generating massive amounts of unstructured data every day in the form of posts, comments, shares, likes, etc. This user-generated data holds valuable insights about people's opinions, interests, behaviors and more.
Big data analytics provides tools and techniques to analyze this large, complex social data at scale. Social web mining applies data mining and machine learning algorithms to big social data to discover patterns and relationships. Areas of focus include sentiment analysis to understand public opinions on brands, products or issues; network analysis to map relationships and influence; and
This document discusses efforts to 'queer' or decolonize traditional knowledge organization systems by making them more inclusive of LGBTQ+ communities and perspectives. It provides a brief history of advocacy work beginning in the 1970s to improve subject headings and classification of LGBTQ+ materials. More recently, librarians in Durham created a new classification system for an LGBTQ+ center to better represent those communities. Future directions may include more tagging systems, multiple access points, and non-standardized schemas, though some argue for updating terms while retaining older ones. The goal is to respectfully weave LGBTQ+ communities into the conversation around knowledge organization."
The document discusses methods for analyzing material culture, documents, and quantitative data in historical research. It makes the following key points:
1) Historians must immerse themselves in primary and secondary sources to gain thorough context before formulating research questions. Questions should be open-ended and testable.
2) Researchers must authenticate sources by establishing their origins and credibility. Primary sources like records and relics require examining motivations and contexts.
3) Both traditional documentary analysis of sources and quantitative content analysis are useful, with the latter adding rigor. Historians interpret sources in their original contexts to draw defensible inferences.
This document discusses analytical gestures used in social media data analysis. It begins by defining social media platforms as large databases that formalize different types of entities and connections. It then discusses that analytical gestures involve understanding the platform, selected analytical tools/methods, and researcher imagination. Examples of analytical gestures provided include visualizing friendship networks and co-liking networks from Facebook data. The document emphasizes that data analysis requires understanding the technical, social, and analytical aspects of the data.
Dave Clarke presented on knowledge organization and discovery. He discussed how knowledge management requires systematically organizing knowledge through standards and software. Effective organization allows for knowledge discovery, though full-text search has limitations without understanding context. Knowledge organization systems address this through formal subject indexing schemes linked to controlled vocabularies and external data sources. Several examples showed how semantic annotation and linking to external ontologies enhances discovery of conceptually related information that could not be found through search alone.
OntoSOC: S ociocultural K nowledge O ntology IJwest
This paper
present
s
a
sociocultural knowledge ontology (OntoSOC) modeling appro
a
ch. Ont
o-
SOC modeling appro
a
ch is based on Engeström‟s
Human Activity Theory (HAT)
.
That Theory allowed us
to identify fundamental concepts and rel
a
tionshi
ps between them. The top
-
down precess has been used to
d
efine differents sub
-
concepts. The
modeled vocabulary permits us to organise data, to facilitate in
form
a-
tion retrieval
by introducing a semantic layer in social web platform architec
ture,
we project t
o impl
e
ment.
This platform can be considered as a «
collective me
mory
»
and Participative and Distributed Info
r
mation
System
(PDIS) which will allow Cameroonian communities to share an co
-
construct knowledge on perm
a-
nent organi
z
ed activ
i
ties.
Pratt SILS Cultural Heritage: Description and Access Spring 2011PrattSILS
This document summarizes a research paper about the National Museum of the American Indian's (NMAI) efforts to digitize their collection in accordance with the Protocols for Native American Archival Materials. The summary includes:
The NMAI faces challenges in applying best practices for culturally sensitive Native American materials as it digitizes its collection. It aims to respect Native American values and rights over cultural heritage through consultation, context, and repatriation policies on its website. An analysis found the site effectively provides access to the collection while respecting these protocols.
Objectification Is A Word That Has Many Negative ConnotationsBeth Johnson
Here is an introduction to social web mining and big data:
Social web mining is the process of extracting useful information and knowledge from social media data. With the rise of big data, social media platforms are generating massive amounts of unstructured data every day in the form of posts, comments, shares, likes, etc. This user-generated data holds valuable insights about people's opinions, interests, behaviors and more.
Big data analytics provides tools and techniques to analyze this large, complex social data at scale. Social web mining applies data mining and machine learning algorithms to big social data to discover patterns and relationships. Areas of focus include sentiment analysis to understand public opinions on brands, products or issues; network analysis to map relationships and influence; and
This document discusses efforts to 'queer' or decolonize traditional knowledge organization systems by making them more inclusive of LGBTQ+ communities and perspectives. It provides a brief history of advocacy work beginning in the 1970s to improve subject headings and classification of LGBTQ+ materials. More recently, librarians in Durham created a new classification system for an LGBTQ+ center to better represent those communities. Future directions may include more tagging systems, multiple access points, and non-standardized schemas, though some argue for updating terms while retaining older ones. The goal is to respectfully weave LGBTQ+ communities into the conversation around knowledge organization."
The document discusses methods for analyzing material culture, documents, and quantitative data in historical research. It makes the following key points:
1) Historians must immerse themselves in primary and secondary sources to gain thorough context before formulating research questions. Questions should be open-ended and testable.
2) Researchers must authenticate sources by establishing their origins and credibility. Primary sources like records and relics require examining motivations and contexts.
3) Both traditional documentary analysis of sources and quantitative content analysis are useful, with the latter adding rigor. Historians interpret sources in their original contexts to draw defensible inferences.
Presentation given at the HEA Social Sciences learning and teaching summit 'Exploring the implications of ‘the era of big data’ for learning and teaching'.
A blog post outlining the issues discussed at the summit is available via: http://bit.ly/1lCBUIB
Disadvantages Of Applied EthnomethodologyAshley Fisher
Participant observation was used to study drug dealers and smugglers. This qualitative method allowed the researchers to gain the trust of and interact with their subjects. However, it also presented challenges, such as subjects experiencing drug withdrawal during interviews, becoming malicious without warning. The researchers had to take precautions and balance overt and covert roles with different levels of relationships within the group to overcome issues.
Conceptual Organization And Retrieval Of Text By Historiansjgerber
The document discusses the challenges of organizing and retrieving documents and how human memory and metaphor can inform solutions. It summarizes a study interviewing historians about how they organize research materials physically and mentally. The study found historians rely on chronological, geographic and contextual details. The document proposes an online historical atlas project called Visible Past that spatially and temporally organizes information to enhance research and learning.
Functions of information retrival system(1)silambu111
The document discusses information retrieval systems. It defines information retrieval as the process of searching collections of documents to identify those dealing with a particular subject. Information retrieval systems aim to facilitate literature searching. They involve representing, storing, organizing, and providing access to information items so that users can easily find information of interest. Information retrieval draws from multiple disciplines and involves subsystems for documents, users, and searching/matching.
The document provides an overview of resources and events in the field of informal STEM education in 2019. It summarizes the work of the Center for Advancement of Informal Science Education (CAISE), which maintains a repository of over 8,600 resources and added 246 new resources in 2019. It then outlines several sectors of informal STEM education and provides highlights within each sector, including select publications, statistics, projects, and events from 2019.
CHRISTINA NGUYEN, University of Toronto Mississauga Library
In the world of digital literacies, liaison and instructional librarians are increasingly coming to terms with a new term: algorithmic literacy. No matter the liaison or instruction subjects – computer science, sociology, language and literature, chemistry, physics, economics, or other – students are grappling with assignments that demand a critical understanding, or even use, of algorithms. Over the course of this session, we’ll discuss the term ‘algorithmic literacies,’ explore how it fits into other digital literacies, and see why it as a curriculum might belong at your library. We’ll also look at some examples of practical pedagogical methods you can implement right away, depending on what types of AL lessons you want to teach, and who your patrons are. Lastly, we’ll discuss how librarians should view themselves as co-learners when working with AL skills. This session seeks to bring together participants from across the different libraries, with diverse missions/vision/mandates, to explore ways we can all benefit from teaching AL. If time permits, we may discuss how text and data librarians (functional specialists) can support the development of this curriculum.
Digital Humanities and “Digital” Social SciencesChantal van Son
This document provides an overview of a meeting discussing digital humanities and digital social sciences. It begins with an introduction to the day's schedule, which includes presentations on projects in digital humanities focusing on data quality and representation of perspectives in text. Projects in digital social sciences are also discussed, including analyzing bias and engagement in political social media. The document then discusses similarities and differences between humanities and social sciences, as well as how data science relates to both fields. Key challenges and opportunities for using digital methods in each discipline are outlined. The document concludes with an introduction to a discussion on further collaborations between disciplines.
Memory-making and the emergent archive posterLeisa Gibbons
For Community Informatics conference: CIRN Prato 2015.
There is a critical and growing need to understand and embrace the complex memory and archival needs of an expanding,
technologically savvy and actively participative society.
The need for memory-making and heritage is as diverse as the people and communities creating the stories. Memory-making plays a significant role in the identification of social and cultural standards, as well as values and factors that influence recordkeeping across multiple plural (and contested) memory
spaces including personal, community, collective and networked memories.
In my research I saw that YouTube was an enabler, facilitator and platform of personal curation, mediation and memory-making, hence providing a space for recordkeeping that supports the ongoing use of records through spacetime - an emergent archive
The Mediated Recordkeeping model (Figure 1) represents a framework to support the emergent archive to facilitate, enable and engage memory-making,rather than focus on selection, collection, and protection of cultural heritage within the bounds and custody of the institution.
Competencies of Librarians as a Factor Affecting Information, Service Deliver...SubmissionResearchpa
This study investigated the competencies of librarians as a factor affecting information service delivery in Delta state university (DELSU) library and Federal university of petroleum resources (FUPRE) library. The main objective of the study was to determine the extent to which information and competencies of librarians in DELSU and FUPRE affect their information service delivery. The instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire. A descriptive survey design was used in this study. A total of 61 librarians were selected using the total enumeration sampling technique since the total population was manageable. A total of 52 copies of the questionnaire were retrieved and analyzed using simple percentage, mean score, and standard deviation. The findings of this study show that: the majority of the respondents possess high extent of the ICT skills, majority have high extent of customer-service competency, and most librarians possess high extent of competency in interpersonal communication. It was concluded that these skills, though basic are a good platform that increases the effect of relevant information service delivery in the library. A minor but regular training was said to be what will do the magic by Ogagaoghene Uzezi IDHALAMA, Afebuameh James AIYEBELEHIN and Onomiroro OKOBO 2020. Competencies of Librarians as a Factor Affecting Information, Service Delivery in Selected University Libraries in Delta State, Nigeria. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 92-102. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.693 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/693/653 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/693
A Practical Framework For Social Justice Research In The Information ProfessionsAnna Landers
This paper proposes a practical framework for social justice research in library and information science. The framework is illustrated using three qualitative studies that aim to serve underserved populations. Key elements of social justice research identified are the population, information need, methodology, outcomes, and assessment. Principles of fairness, empowerment, diversity, and community building are represented to varying degrees across the three studies. The framework calls for recognizing marginalized groups as experts, developing equitable partnerships to empower communities, and moving beyond labels to represent all people as equal participants.
The document discusses different theoretical perspectives and models for conceptualizing information literacy (IL), including as a label, political tool, empirical observation, and analytical framework. It analyzes a study comparing IL among nursing and engineering students, finding they developed different types of IL aligned with their disciplines' practices and discourses. The document argues against predefined notions of IL, and for understanding how people develop diverse literacies suited to their contexts.
HISTORY AS A DETERMINANT OF MALAWIMOZAMBIQUE RELATIONS: THE CASE OF THE NSANJ...John1Lorcan
Using the Nsanje international inland port saga as a case study, this paper employs the realism theory to
examine the historically difficult relationship between Malawi and Mozambique. Based on data gathered
from interviews and previously published studies, the study's final conclusion is that Malawi’s bilateral
relations with Mozambique are the product and continue to be shaped by history. Because the relationship
between the two states is historically based on the provision of services especially port facilities, the
Nsanje inland port is at loggerheads with Mozambique’s national economic interests as it seeks to put an
end to the historically rooted modus operandi of the relationship. The study recommends mandatory
feasibility studies before starting projects, placing the port project on hold, continuing with the current
foreign policy which to a great extent appeases Mozambique and finding some use for the port structures
which currently constitute a white elephant.
MEASURING INCLUSIVE GROWTH IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA FROM 1996 TO 2019: EVIDENCE ...John1Lorcan
Since inception, the concept of inclusive growth has been defined and measured differently among scholars
and policymakers. This paper measures inclusive growth in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 1996 to 2019.
A principal component analysis and weighted mean approaches have been applied following the Eurasian
Economic Commission, and 20 methodologies. The study findings show that the inclusive growth index is
sensitive to the measurement approach used due to different sets of indicators and dimensions. However,
the methodologies provide a basis for comparing country performance. In addition, in both methodologies,
economic performance was found to be a significant contributor to inclusive growth. Countries with higher
economic performance witnessed higher inclusive growth. From the findings, policymakers could rely on
more than one measurement approach to determine inclusive growth. This will enable them develop policy
measures which address various dimensions that each of the SSA countries need to robustly invest and
improve.
Contenu connexe
Similaire à BLACK FUTURES: COLLECTING SOCIOCULTURAL DATA THROUGH MACHINE LEARNING
Presentation given at the HEA Social Sciences learning and teaching summit 'Exploring the implications of ‘the era of big data’ for learning and teaching'.
A blog post outlining the issues discussed at the summit is available via: http://bit.ly/1lCBUIB
Disadvantages Of Applied EthnomethodologyAshley Fisher
Participant observation was used to study drug dealers and smugglers. This qualitative method allowed the researchers to gain the trust of and interact with their subjects. However, it also presented challenges, such as subjects experiencing drug withdrawal during interviews, becoming malicious without warning. The researchers had to take precautions and balance overt and covert roles with different levels of relationships within the group to overcome issues.
Conceptual Organization And Retrieval Of Text By Historiansjgerber
The document discusses the challenges of organizing and retrieving documents and how human memory and metaphor can inform solutions. It summarizes a study interviewing historians about how they organize research materials physically and mentally. The study found historians rely on chronological, geographic and contextual details. The document proposes an online historical atlas project called Visible Past that spatially and temporally organizes information to enhance research and learning.
Functions of information retrival system(1)silambu111
The document discusses information retrieval systems. It defines information retrieval as the process of searching collections of documents to identify those dealing with a particular subject. Information retrieval systems aim to facilitate literature searching. They involve representing, storing, organizing, and providing access to information items so that users can easily find information of interest. Information retrieval draws from multiple disciplines and involves subsystems for documents, users, and searching/matching.
The document provides an overview of resources and events in the field of informal STEM education in 2019. It summarizes the work of the Center for Advancement of Informal Science Education (CAISE), which maintains a repository of over 8,600 resources and added 246 new resources in 2019. It then outlines several sectors of informal STEM education and provides highlights within each sector, including select publications, statistics, projects, and events from 2019.
CHRISTINA NGUYEN, University of Toronto Mississauga Library
In the world of digital literacies, liaison and instructional librarians are increasingly coming to terms with a new term: algorithmic literacy. No matter the liaison or instruction subjects – computer science, sociology, language and literature, chemistry, physics, economics, or other – students are grappling with assignments that demand a critical understanding, or even use, of algorithms. Over the course of this session, we’ll discuss the term ‘algorithmic literacies,’ explore how it fits into other digital literacies, and see why it as a curriculum might belong at your library. We’ll also look at some examples of practical pedagogical methods you can implement right away, depending on what types of AL lessons you want to teach, and who your patrons are. Lastly, we’ll discuss how librarians should view themselves as co-learners when working with AL skills. This session seeks to bring together participants from across the different libraries, with diverse missions/vision/mandates, to explore ways we can all benefit from teaching AL. If time permits, we may discuss how text and data librarians (functional specialists) can support the development of this curriculum.
Digital Humanities and “Digital” Social SciencesChantal van Son
This document provides an overview of a meeting discussing digital humanities and digital social sciences. It begins with an introduction to the day's schedule, which includes presentations on projects in digital humanities focusing on data quality and representation of perspectives in text. Projects in digital social sciences are also discussed, including analyzing bias and engagement in political social media. The document then discusses similarities and differences between humanities and social sciences, as well as how data science relates to both fields. Key challenges and opportunities for using digital methods in each discipline are outlined. The document concludes with an introduction to a discussion on further collaborations between disciplines.
Memory-making and the emergent archive posterLeisa Gibbons
For Community Informatics conference: CIRN Prato 2015.
There is a critical and growing need to understand and embrace the complex memory and archival needs of an expanding,
technologically savvy and actively participative society.
The need for memory-making and heritage is as diverse as the people and communities creating the stories. Memory-making plays a significant role in the identification of social and cultural standards, as well as values and factors that influence recordkeeping across multiple plural (and contested) memory
spaces including personal, community, collective and networked memories.
In my research I saw that YouTube was an enabler, facilitator and platform of personal curation, mediation and memory-making, hence providing a space for recordkeeping that supports the ongoing use of records through spacetime - an emergent archive
The Mediated Recordkeeping model (Figure 1) represents a framework to support the emergent archive to facilitate, enable and engage memory-making,rather than focus on selection, collection, and protection of cultural heritage within the bounds and custody of the institution.
Competencies of Librarians as a Factor Affecting Information, Service Deliver...SubmissionResearchpa
This study investigated the competencies of librarians as a factor affecting information service delivery in Delta state university (DELSU) library and Federal university of petroleum resources (FUPRE) library. The main objective of the study was to determine the extent to which information and competencies of librarians in DELSU and FUPRE affect their information service delivery. The instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire. A descriptive survey design was used in this study. A total of 61 librarians were selected using the total enumeration sampling technique since the total population was manageable. A total of 52 copies of the questionnaire were retrieved and analyzed using simple percentage, mean score, and standard deviation. The findings of this study show that: the majority of the respondents possess high extent of the ICT skills, majority have high extent of customer-service competency, and most librarians possess high extent of competency in interpersonal communication. It was concluded that these skills, though basic are a good platform that increases the effect of relevant information service delivery in the library. A minor but regular training was said to be what will do the magic by Ogagaoghene Uzezi IDHALAMA, Afebuameh James AIYEBELEHIN and Onomiroro OKOBO 2020. Competencies of Librarians as a Factor Affecting Information, Service Delivery in Selected University Libraries in Delta State, Nigeria. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 10 (Oct. 2020), 92-102. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i10.693 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/693/653 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/693
A Practical Framework For Social Justice Research In The Information ProfessionsAnna Landers
This paper proposes a practical framework for social justice research in library and information science. The framework is illustrated using three qualitative studies that aim to serve underserved populations. Key elements of social justice research identified are the population, information need, methodology, outcomes, and assessment. Principles of fairness, empowerment, diversity, and community building are represented to varying degrees across the three studies. The framework calls for recognizing marginalized groups as experts, developing equitable partnerships to empower communities, and moving beyond labels to represent all people as equal participants.
The document discusses different theoretical perspectives and models for conceptualizing information literacy (IL), including as a label, political tool, empirical observation, and analytical framework. It analyzes a study comparing IL among nursing and engineering students, finding they developed different types of IL aligned with their disciplines' practices and discourses. The document argues against predefined notions of IL, and for understanding how people develop diverse literacies suited to their contexts.
Similaire à BLACK FUTURES: COLLECTING SOCIOCULTURAL DATA THROUGH MACHINE LEARNING (20)
HISTORY AS A DETERMINANT OF MALAWIMOZAMBIQUE RELATIONS: THE CASE OF THE NSANJ...John1Lorcan
Using the Nsanje international inland port saga as a case study, this paper employs the realism theory to
examine the historically difficult relationship between Malawi and Mozambique. Based on data gathered
from interviews and previously published studies, the study's final conclusion is that Malawi’s bilateral
relations with Mozambique are the product and continue to be shaped by history. Because the relationship
between the two states is historically based on the provision of services especially port facilities, the
Nsanje inland port is at loggerheads with Mozambique’s national economic interests as it seeks to put an
end to the historically rooted modus operandi of the relationship. The study recommends mandatory
feasibility studies before starting projects, placing the port project on hold, continuing with the current
foreign policy which to a great extent appeases Mozambique and finding some use for the port structures
which currently constitute a white elephant.
MEASURING INCLUSIVE GROWTH IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA FROM 1996 TO 2019: EVIDENCE ...John1Lorcan
Since inception, the concept of inclusive growth has been defined and measured differently among scholars
and policymakers. This paper measures inclusive growth in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) from 1996 to 2019.
A principal component analysis and weighted mean approaches have been applied following the Eurasian
Economic Commission, and 20 methodologies. The study findings show that the inclusive growth index is
sensitive to the measurement approach used due to different sets of indicators and dimensions. However,
the methodologies provide a basis for comparing country performance. In addition, in both methodologies,
economic performance was found to be a significant contributor to inclusive growth. Countries with higher
economic performance witnessed higher inclusive growth. From the findings, policymakers could rely on
more than one measurement approach to determine inclusive growth. This will enable them develop policy
measures which address various dimensions that each of the SSA countries need to robustly invest and
improve.
THE DIVERSE BEAUTY OF MATHILDENHÖHE: AN INSIGHT INTO AESTHETIC PHILOSOPHY AND...John1Lorcan
This article aims to look at the World Heritage Site from the perspective of curatorial studies and aesthetic
philosophy. The Darmstadt Artists' Colony made an enormous contribution to art and formed a bridge
between the British Arts & Crafts movement and the German Association of Craftsmen, which eventually
led to the Bauhaus movement. The last Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine was not only a patron who
founded this Artists' Colony, but also a prominent curator together with the Austrian architect and one of
the founders of the Vienna Secession, Joseph Maria Olbrich. Together they combined economic
development with artistic innovation. The establishment of the Darmstadt Artists' Colony was a sensation
in the art world. Itmarked the beginning of the 20th century, turning everyday life into an aesthetic
experience.
Implementation of Authorized Economic Operator Program in Comesa: Evidence Fr...John1Lorcan
The paper investigates the effect of authorized economic operator program on bilateral trade between Kenya and trading partners in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa. The augmented gravity model was estimated using 2010-2021 data for 17 cross-sectionals. The Panel Correlated Standard Error method results show thatimplementation of the authorized economic operator by both exporter and importer stimulates Kenya’s bilateral trade volume in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa. The author recommends full implementation of the authorized economic operator by the remaining 12 Member States to attain the maximum benefits of the program across the region.
Gender Inequiality in Higher Music Educaiton in China: Historical and Contemp...John1Lorcan
Gender inequality is higher music education is a significant issue in China, shaped by both historical and contemporary factors that influence the opportunities available to women in this field. This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the challenges encountered by women in higher music education in China, examining the impact of traditional Chinese philosophy, Western missionaries, and the Chinese Government on gender relations and opportunities in music education. Drawing upon existing literature and data, this paper addresses three main research areas pertaining to women’s education in China’s higher education: the historical evolution of women’s education in China, from traditional to modern times, in order to examine the progression of educational opportunities for women; the current landscape of opportunities for women’s education and involvement in music practices within China’s higher music education; and the existing employment framing issues that women face in higher music education in China, in comparison to their male counterparts. While acknowledging the increasing educational opportunities available to women in contemporary China, this paper recognizes that societal expectations and gender stereotypes can still impede women’s access to teaching careers and other music-related professions. These challenges have substantial implications for women’s education, music practices, and employability, underscoring the importance for policymakers and educators to actively promote gender equality within higher education.
PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ABUSE IN INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG YOUNG WOMEN IN...John1Lorcan
This study aims to investigate the psychological effects of abuse from intimate relationships on young
women. In order to overcome the complexity, challenges, and proposal for the best remedies face by the
sexually abuse victims in the Tangkhul community, both qualitative and quantitative approaches are
adopted. The study covers various aspects of research methodology, including study design, sampling
techniques, data collection tools, and analysis methods. Additionally, the study proposes a collaborative
effort between the state and other entities to enhance care and counseling services for survivors of intimate
partner abuse. The main intension and takeaway from the study is to comprehend the cultural changes
taking place along with the critically examination of the victims and how the community can take up
appropriate initiatives through care and counseling, which is the need of an hour.
AN ANALYSIS OF GENDER AND SWEAR WORDS: A CASE STUDY OF IRANIAN COMMUNITY ON I...John1Lorcan
The relationship between language and gender has been the subject of discussion and investigation for
many years, with the goal of understanding the societal norms and expectations of gender. This article
aims to explore the relationship between gender and the swear words in the comment section of Iranian
celebrities Instagram accounts. This study found that each gender tends to post swear words in comments
of the same gender celebrity. This research also discovered that female users tend to auto-censor strong
swear words and are more likely to body-shame the content creator, while men are more open to posting
strong swear words.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIAL WELFARE: EXPLORING INNOVATIONS AND POLICY IM...John1Lorcan
The digital transformation of social welfare systems is an area that is fast developing and has a lot of
potential to improve service delivery and improve outcomes for both people and communities. The goal of
this research paper is to examine the policy changes and innovations brought about by the digital
revolution of social welfare. It investigates the adoption of emerging technologies, such as artificial
intelligence, big data analytics, and blockchain, in various domains of social welfare, including healthcare,
education, employment, and social assistance programs. The paper examines the potential benefits of
digital transformation, including increased efficiency, improved access to services, and personalized
support. It also delves into the challenges and concerns associated with this transformation, such as data
privacy, equity, and the digital divide. By analysing successful case studies and lessons learned from
different countries, the paper highlights key policy considerations for ensuring the effective and equitable
implementation of digital innovations in social welfare. Policy implications discussed include the need for
robust regulatory frameworks to protect data privacy, the importance of ethical guidelines to guide the use
of emerging technologies, and the necessity of capacity building initiatives to equip stakeholders with the
necessary skills and knowledge. The paper emphasizes the importance of creating inclusive, people-centric
social welfare systems that leverage the potential of digital technologies to meet the evolving needs of
individuals and communities.
Overall, this research paper provides valuable insights into the digital transformation of social welfare,
offering policymakers and stakeholders a comprehensive understanding of the opportunities, challenges,
and policy considerations involved. By embracing digital innovations thoughtfully and responsibly, social
welfare systems can become more efficient, responsive, and equitable, ultimately improving the lives of
those in need.
THE ENGLISH LEARNING MOTIVATION OF CHINESE STUDENTS: CROSS-GRADE SURVEY ANALYSISJohn1Lorcan
Existing literature indicates that motivation is the most powerful determining factor that influences the rate
and success of second language learning [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Currently, there is a growing body of
empirical research indicating the changes in second language learning motivation in different grades at
the same or different schools [8][9][10][11][12]. The findings of previous studies have mostly shown that
student second language learning motivation increases with increasing school levels. Do¨rnyei (2000)
suggested that concentrating on the time dimension of second language motivation is crucial for
comprehending the second language motivation of students. However, the temporal variations of second
language motivation, particularly motivational changes at different Chinese school levels, have not been
sufficiently emphasized by second language motivation researchers, therefore, this quantitative research
investigated the changes in Chinese students’ English learning motivation from primary to high school. An
English learning motivation questionnaire was used and administered to 3000 students from Grades 1 - 12
in public primary, junior high, and high schools across Mainland China, and employed the reliability
analysis and analysis of variance to analyze quantitative data. The statistical results revealed that high
school students ranked highest in English learning motivation, followed by junior high and primary school
students. Furthermore, the college entrance examination had a positive impact on high school students'
motivation to learn English.
SHEIKH MUJIBUR RAHMAN: CHARISMATIC LEADER OF BANGLADESHJohn1Lorcan
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is one of the most charismatic leaders of the Third World in the twentieth century.
We know that Charismatic leaders are the gifts and mercy from God. They are torch bearers of knowledge
and revolution. Every nation in one way or the other has been and is endowed with leaders and same is the
case of Bangladesh nation which was fortunate enough to have a leader like Sheikh Mujibur Rahman who
guided them in the times of freedom struggle, and trusted them into the region which dawned tranquility of
mind and unshackled boundaries. It is in fact an old saying that good leaders build good nations which is
equally true with the Bangladesh nation for which sheikh Mujibur Rahman sacrificed every breath and
blood of his life and mapped a new nation in the world. The paper discusses the main achievements of the
leader and particularly the independence of Bangladesh of which Mujib was the pivotal figure. The result
revealed that Sheikh Mujib was stimulated people by his charismatic leadership capability and huge
political knowledge. From his early life he was demonstrated two key leadership qualities which make him
unquestionable leader of the Bangladesh. One key quality was proactive social consciousness and
paramount dedication for politics. Sheikh Mujib has so many leadership skills that recognized him as a
leader of general people. His aspiration and sacrifice for nation made him an icon of the country.
Therefore, it can be concluded that his leadership trait made himself as a father of the nation. The people
of Bangladesh had dreamt of an independent nation and that dream was finally implemented in really on
16Th December 1971 under the leadership of a true Patriot Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Bangladesh and its
people were blessed with God‟s will of sending the Greatest Bengali Soul of all time on the soil of
Tungipara. That greatest soul was nobody else but it is our “Father of the Nation” – Bangabandhu -
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. He was the greatest politician, philosopher and tourism lover the world has ever
produced. He was the kindest person the world has ever noticed, he loved everyone more than he loved his
own family and children. This study was carried out by descriptive analysis through the literature review of
existing paper
WOMEN AND AGRICULTURE IN RURAL KENYA: ROLE IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIONJohn1Lorcan
Women play a very significant role in agricultural production in Kenya. However, they are accorded little
attention. The lack of inadequate information on the level of women participation in agricultural
production has helped to underestimate their importance in agricultural production and hence led to their
neglect in sector development. This paper sought to examine the role of women in Agricultural production
in Kenya to give them an impetus upon which they can voice their concern in agricultural related issues. To
improve women visibility in agricultural production, the author suggests that women contribution to
agricultural production should be understood based on their contribution to food security in household and
community rather than their contribution to commercialised agriculture which is dominated by men. With
this, the author hopes to persuade policymakers to re-examine their perception of rural women involved in
agricultural production for prompt policy action.
THE ENGLISH LEARNING MOTIVATION OF CHINESE STUDENTS: CROSS-GRADE SURVEY ANALYSISJohn1Lorcan
Existing literature indicates that motivation is the most powerful determining factor that influences the rate
and success of second language learning [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Currently, there is a growing body of
empirical research indicating the changes in second language learning motivation in different grades at
the same or different schools [8][9][10][11][12]. The findings of previous studies have mostly shown that
student second language learning motivation increases with increasing school levels. Do¨rnyei (2000)
suggested that concentrating on the time dimension of second language motivation is crucial for
comprehending the second language motivation of students. However, the temporal variations of second
language motivation, particularly motivational changes at different Chinese school levels, have not been
sufficiently emphasized by second language motivation researchers, therefore, this quantitative research
investigated the changes in Chinese students’ English learning motivation from primary to high school. An
English learning motivation questionnaire was used and administered to 3000 students from Grades 1 - 12
in public primary, junior high, and high schools across Mainland China, and employed the reliability
analysis and analysis of variance to analyze quantitative data. The statistical results revealed that high
school students ranked highest in English learning motivation, followed by junior high and primary school
students. Furthermore, the college entrance examination had a positive impact on high school students'
motivation to learn English.
LAND OWNERSHIP RIGHTS AND ACCESS TO FARMLANDS BY FARMERS AND HERDERS IN THE K...John1Lorcan
Land is seen in societies as a vital natural asset, and the worth of this resource to human through time and
space cannot be underestimated. The purpose of this research was to examine land ownership rights and
access to farmlands by farmers and herders in the Kwahu East District (KED) in the Eastern Region of
Ghana. Qualitatively, the study adopted a descriptive case study research design. This research was based
on two objectives: to examine land ownership rights in the Kwahu East District, and determine how
farmers and herders get access to farmlands. The study population involved residents of three communities
in the Kwahu East District, namely, Yaw Tenkorang, Kwaku Sarfo and Bebua. The purposive sampling
technique was used to select 4 traditional leaders, 10 farmers, 10 herdsmen and cattle owners, 3 Assembly
members, the District Chief Executive, the District Commander of Police, and the District Land Officer.
The study concluded that, land ownership rights in KED were based on the allodia and usufruct systems,
which vest land ownership rights in the hands of traditional authorities and family heads. Again, the study
showed that, indigenous farmers lay claim to greater rights over the lands compared to herders who are
considered as aliens, without any land ownerswhip rights. The study revealed measures initiated to find
lasting solution to this conflict. It is recommended that; the Municipal Assembly must concentrate more
effort in establishiing adequate fodder banks for cattle. Again, the practice of ranching must be
encouraged amongst cattle owners and herders to prevent unwanted competition over land use.
International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies (IJHAS) John1Lorcan
International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies is an open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of humanities, art and social science. The journal focuses aims to promote interdisciplinary studies in humanities and social science and become the leading journal in humanities and social science in the world. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on areas of literary and social studies for a cross cultural exploration and subsequent innovation of subjects concerned and establishing new collaborations in these areas. Authors are solicited to contribute to this journal by submitting articles for the development of humanities and social science fields.
DEMOCRACY OR LIBERAL AUTOCRACY; THE CASE OF AFRICAJohn1Lorcan
The state of democracy in Africa continues to be one of the most controversial and difficult questions facing
the continent today. While African regimes are more liberal than their authoritarian predecessors, they
have a profound flaw. The African governments have increasingly adopted important aspects of
constitutional liberalism necessary for democracy to flourish and includes rule of law, private property
rights, separation of powers and free speech and assembly. However, the results of such democratic
initiatives have not bored the intended fruits as the continent continue to witness outright reversals of
democracy. For instance, elections are becoming a means of power preservation and a large number of
countries have very low levels of democratic quality. This paper, therefore, seeks to examine this dire state
of democracy in Africa to inform discussions on why African governments should be regarded as a Liberal
Autocracies and not democratic.
CIVIC EDUCATION AND IT’S IMPERATIVE TOWARDS NATION BUILDING: THE NIGERIAN EXA...John1Lorcan
Most countries of the world today originated as a result of the activities of colonialists and imperialists
who merged previously independent nations together for the sole reason of domination and exploitation.
Following the end of colonial era and the resulting freedom of previously colonized people, many countries
have been struggling to live together as the nation which their erstwhile colonial masters made them. This
has often resulted to conflicts and crises, the worst of it being the Rwandan genocide of 1994. Due to these
incidences, social researchers have intensified efforts in designing programs that will facilitate the very act
of nation-building/or prevent a devastating effect that may result from a failure thereof. This paper,
therefore, attempts to suggest Civic Education as one of the models that can help facilitate nation-building
project especially in countries affected by the effects of colonization. The work employed the normative
method of philosophy, while also not leaving behind the evaluative and analytical side of the method.
SLEUTHING WOMEN:GENDER IN THE ART OF JAPANESE DETECTIVE FICTION AND FILMJohn1Lorcan
Although it remains one of the most popular genres worldwide, detective fiction is usually regarded as a
purely commercial form. Because of this, detective novels, short stories, and films are rarely subjected to
the same critical scrutiny and attention as other, more respected modes of writing and representation.
Nevertheless, because of its attention to the character of everyday life, detective fiction is a perfect case
study for determining national attitudes towards gender. Generally speaking, women perform three
different functions in Japanese detective fiction. They are either hapless victims, minor plot devices, or (on
rare occasions) agents of detection themselves. This paper surveys several works of detective fiction,
ranging from the early- to mid-twentieth century, to demonstrate the evolving function that women have
played, both in the genre and in the society that the genre reflects
International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies (IJHAS)John1Lorcan
International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies is an open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of humanities, art and social science. The journal focuses aims to promote interdisciplinary studies in humanities and social science and become the leading journal in humanities and social science in the world. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on areas of literary and social studies for a cross cultural exploration and subsequent innovation of subjects concerned and establishing new collaborations in these areas. Authors are solicited to contribute to this journal by submitting articles for the development of humanities and social science fields.
CREATIVE EDUCATION, MUSIC PRACTICES, AND GENDER DIFFERENCES AMONG YOUNG CHINE...John1Lorcan
Over the last two decades, China has placed more emphasis on learning and practice in the process of
fostering creativity in school education. Music inflames the mind and is the key to creativity. Music
practices have drawn the attention of many scholars fascinated with their creative properties in both
musical and non-musical domains. With particular reference to Shijiazhuang (the capital and largest city
in northern China’s Hebei Province), this study aimed to examine the under-researched connection
between gender, education, and creative music practices (broadly described as music as a culture of
imagination and real-time practice in the learning of diverse music styles and in the participation of music
activities in formal and informal learning contexts) as perceived by young Chinese students. The study
employed a self-reported survey questionnaire distributed to a sample of students aged eight to 17
attending Grade 4 through Grade 9 in 10 schools located in the city of Shijiazhuang (N = 2,015) conducted
between 2019 and 2020. Generally speaking, girls were more positive regarding the value of creativity in
school music education, as well as the music practices of diverse music cultures and music activities. This
paper will conclude with a debate on the ways that “gender” is comprehended, carried out, and discerned
in response to the students’ influential sources and their preferred school subjects in learning creativity,
their preferred music styles, and their preferred participation in music activities in both school music
lessons and extracurricular activities in learning creativity in the Chinese context.
International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social StudiesJohn1Lorcan
International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies is an open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of humanities, art and social science. The journal focuses aims to promote interdisciplinary studies in humanities and social science and become the leading journal in humanities and social science in the world. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on areas of literary and social studies for a cross cultural exploration and subsequent innovation of subjects concerned and establishing new collaborations in these areas. Authors are solicited to contribute to this journal by submitting articles for the development of humanities and social science fields.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
artificial intelligence and data science contents.pptxGauravCar
What is artificial intelligence? Artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks that are commonly associated with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason.
› ...
Artificial intelligence (AI) | Definitio
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
BLACK FUTURES: COLLECTING SOCIOCULTURAL DATA THROUGH MACHINE LEARNING
1. International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies (IJHAS), Vol. 9, No.1, February 2024
1
BLACK FUTURES: COLLECTING SOCIOCULTURAL
DATA THROUGH MACHINE LEARNING
kYmberly Keeton
Department of Information Science, University of North Texas, Texas, USA
ABSTRACT
Although African American community archives have appeared, there is a lack of incorporation of
information-seeking, behaviour, language transmission, categorization, and community archival datasets
in data collection and machine learning (ML) environments. To address this, as the autoethnographer, I
propose to develop a future body of research targeting the African American community in Texas,
obtaining valuable insights about their engagement with ML. Eun Seo Jo's literature review emphasizes the
roles of community archives in ML environments and the strategies necessary for this space to be
considered a valuable resource in research and information. As the autoethnographer, I use this research
to explore effective strategies for machine learning environments to collaborate with African American
community archives and incorporate user input into ML data collection practices. The aim of the study is
to examine an original body of literature to aid me with my plan of action in creating a research study
about machine learning in African American community archives.
KEYWORDS
African American community archives, sociocultural issues, sociocultural data, machine learning,
archives, datasets, ML fairness
1. INTRODUCTION
The importance of African American community archives in the data collection process within
machine learning environments has been overlooked by the archival profession. Eun Seo Jo's
(2020) article, "Lessons from Archives: Strategies for Collecting Sociocultural Data in Machine
Learning", is a study that highlights the need for Machine Learning (ML) communities to
develop authentic approaches for collecting sociocultural data [1]. A significant amount of
general literature on data collection in archival studies and valid policies that protect the archive
of a subject or artifact on an institution’s virtual platform or repository is available to read about.
However, the ML community lacks authenticity in their data-collecting practices relating to
specific ethnic groups, according to the researcher's study and my observations as the
autoethnographer of this study. Therefore, the author suggests that ML collectives develop
frameworks and strategies for data collection and annotation. The goal of the research study is to
examine an original body of literature to help with my plan of action in creating a research study
about machine learning in African American community archives.
1.1. Definitions
• African American or Black: Refers to people who were born in the United States and
have African ancestry. It caught on in the U.S. in the 1980s as a more “particular and
historical” term than the generic “Black.” The terms Black and African American are
used interchangeably from a global perspective. Black refers to dark-skinned people of
2. International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies (IJHAS), Vol. 9, No.1, February 2024
2
African descent, no matter their nationality. Refers to people who were born in the
United States and have African ancestry” (Race Terminology, 2020) [2].
• Archives: An archive is a repository that houses primary source materials, such as letters,
reports, and photographs, which people can use to gather firsthand facts, data, and
evidence (SAA Dictionary: Archives, n.d.) [3].
• Artificial Intelligence: Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to computer systems that can
perform tasks that traditionally require human intelligence, such as speech recognition,
decision-making, and pattern identification (Coursera: What Is Artificial Intelligence?
2023) [4].
• Autoethnography: “Autoethnography is a research method that uses personal experience
(“auto”) to describe and interpret (“graphy”) cultural texts, experiences, beliefs, and
practices (“ethno”)” (Adams et al., 2017) [5].
• Community Archives:Community Archives: “Documentation of a group of people that
share common interests, and social, cultural, and historical heritage, usually created by
members of the group being documented and maintained outside of traditional archives”
(“SAA Dictionary: Community Archives,” n.d.) [6].
• Machine Learning: A data-oriented technique that enables computers to learn from
experience. Human experience comes from our interaction with the environment. For
computers, experience is indirect. It is based on data collected from the world, data about
the world (Desjardins-Proulx, 2013) [7].
• Sociocultural: Sociocultural is related to the diverse groups of people in society and their
habits, traditions, and beliefs (“Cambridge Dictionary: Sociocultural” 2023) [8].
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
In machine learning (ML), the data configurations prompted by its systems play a major factor in
the outcomes of research and information. At random, the ML system and its training models can
categorically arrange people into unprotected sets and leave them open to societal biases. There is
a plethora of tools used today for surveillance and targeting individuals who are not among the
elite with access to robust data models. For example, an independent film released on Netflix and
PBS’ Independent Lens entitled Coded Bias (2021) [9] by Shalin Kantayya is about M.I.T.
Media Lab Computer Scientist Joy Buolamwini’s discovery that “some algorithms could not
detect dark-skinned faces or classify women with accuracy"(Kantayya, 2021) [9]. The
documentary film intends to show the racial disparities presented within artificial intelligence
(AI) and expose prejudices and threats to civil liberties in facial recognition algorithms.
In this case, the researcher explains that there must be diverse data trained to aggregate the data
retrieved in instances mentioned through disaggregated examination, i.e., testing. As an example,
through said testing, the demographics of communities about identity (i.e., race) strictly use the
knowledge of the tester as data. The scholar suggests that in certain instances, though individuals
prefer to be affiliated with their choices of representation, there may be times in which they may
be affiliated with perceptions based on society or environment (e.g., documenting racial issues
during the Georgia elections: African American Democrats flip the state of Georgia in January
2021). For this reason, accurately assessing and developing a cohesive resource for use in ML for
systematic processes will include data collections studied by archivists and information
3. International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies (IJHAS), Vol. 9, No.1, February 2024
3
professionals for their validity and standards to begin working towards best practices in machine
learning environments as they relate to communities.
These findings suggest that there needs to be an interdisciplinary approach to taking on these
issues. Eun Seo Jo (2020) insists that the ML community take part in these lessons from other
fields such as the archival profession and their long history of striving to always be its data
collection methods with integrity and authenticity [1]. The researcher hopes that the ML
community will take heed and develop an interdisciplinary subfield that is the implementation of
record-keeping processes, annotation, ethics monitoring, data collection, and sharing information.
The scholar insists, “We frame our findings about archival strategies into five main topics of
concern in the fair ML community: consent, inclusivity, power, transparency, and ethics and
privacy" (Jo, 2020) [1].
3. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ARCHIVAL AND ML DATA SETS
The researcher employs a brief assessment of the two entities and weaves together a tabulation of
information that suggests ML practitioners take the approach of looking at the diversity of data
accumulated in collecting data and situating them with the proper vocabulary, which in turn will
be its communication strategies. One issue mentioned by the researcher is intervention and
supervision in machine learning environments. In theory, reviewing the ML landscape of
collecting information, there are no set guidelines, which in turn produces unauthenticated data in
mass. Whereas in archival curatorial practices, everything archived is based on the theory of
archives. This verbiage allows archivists to filter out what fits within the scope of the archive
about a community. Scholarships are available to read about race, machine learning, and artificial
intelligence by archivists, and this is upward mobility within the scope of the archival profession,
thinking freely with a cause regardless of internal or external politics and race. Thus, to say the
least, the archival field has taken on an interventionist approach to archiving history and
documents in general.
Contrary to expectations, both the archives and ML fields have different approaches to
documenting information. They have distinct areas of expertise and compartmentalize their work
accordingly. ML datasets are quickly tabulated to produce information instantly, while archives
prioritize categorizing information as metadata and ensuring factual data is embedded in
databases or repositories. The archival profession takes terms like the rarity of sources, privacy
inclusivity, and authenticity seriously as a practice. It is hypothesized that ML communities
should also prioritize these aspects to enhance the validity of their profession and further their
aims.
4. INTERVENTIONIST COLLECTIONS NEEDED IN ML
If ML communities do not examine the methods of other fields and develop strategies to
supervise and confirm their ethics, biases will persist as information is filtered, potentially
distorting reality. ML often reflects historical biases, such as racial disparities, in data,
particularly in language data from Asian and Latino communities. Representational bias arises
from limitations in digital tools for preservation and digitization. When using natural datasets like
web crawling, it is necessary to adopt an interventionist approach to inform participants about the
use of their data, even if they can access information online without explicit permission.
Humans may filter information, but that does not guarantee its safety or accuracy. Eun Seo Jo
examines how digital news cycles, such as those of the BBC, CNN, and Reuters, intentionally
categorize information to align with a political party's ideology or news biases. These media
4. International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies (IJHAS), Vol. 9, No.1, February 2024
4
giants do not use data about their audiences to shape ML models but rather aim to cater to their
audiences with what they consider news. Eun Seo Jo (2020) suggests that machine learning
researchers can assert their authority by using data that is not safeguarded by these news
organizations. The scholar emphasizes the need for critical investigations into the purpose,
objectives, and practices of these data sets, advocating for an interventionist data collection
approach [1].
5. INCLUSIVITY IN ML :MISSION STATEMENTS &COLLECTION POLICIES
Eun Seo Jo (2020) emphasizes the need for ML and archives to create mission statements that
support the representation of cultural artifacts and diverse demographics [1]. It is crucial to
regularly assess and address biases in these fields to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion.
6. APPROVAL: COMMUNITY & PARTICIPATORY ARCHIVES
Anglo institutions have been gathering records since the 1970s about Black, Asian, and Latino
communities. Today, these records are known as community archives and consist of papers,
notes, memorabilia, photos, and anything that stands for the identity of the said community. The
purpose of these archives is to ensure representation for marginalized, grassroots, and nonelite
communities. In the 21st century, multiple digital and self-collecting archival institutions
represent various gender, cultural, educational, artistic, and religious communities.
Community archives serve as a means for public collaboration in the democratization of
collecting practices in machine learning, granting autonomy to these communities to own their
voices and data and represent themselves. Additionally, this empowers minority groups to show
their classification systems with consent. The author of this article has not supplied any details
about African American community archives and the necessary strategies for representing the
collecting practices of the ML field in terms of sociocultural data, knowledge acquisition,
archival categorization, and language transmission. All to say, there is a gap in the literature and
research about this subject.
7. POWER: DATA CONSORTIA
Ethics in data collection requires a significant amount of time to define in any organization. In
the field of ML, there is no accountability for the tabulated data. To promote balanced data
ownership, archives and libraries collaborate in consortia spaces and set up best practices.
Consortia, as defined in this research, are shared resources, collection networks, and distribution
services known as library networks or cooperatives (p. 311) [1]. Jo lists the consortia members as
AMIGOS Library Services, MELSA, and OCLC (p. 311) [1]. The main goal of consortia is to
achieve economies of scale by collaborating on massive projects that can be shared and archived
in various spaces under one server. This collaboration helps offset costs for repository space and
data storage as it is shared among the consortiums.
Archives and libraries face criticism for their use of consortia. These consortia have set up
bureaucratic committees that cause delays in releasing collections and are seen as elitist. They are
funded through memberships and offer lucrative benefits and power. In the field of machine
learning, scholars recognize the inseparable connection between economic profit and data. The
ML community in the UK is currently working towards greater collaboration in data sharing, but
no information is given about the situation in the United States.
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8. TRANSPARENCY APPRAISAL FLOWS WITH DATA COLLECTION
A key factor in the ML community now being at the forefront of their discussions is the lack of
communication that is portrayed in this environment about data collection and ML model
architecture. For example, the researcher states that in Datasheets for Datasets, archivists can
break down inquiries that require scholars to describe how they retrieved a particular dataset.
Acknowledging and implementing a directive measure that is given in the data-collection process
allows for transparency. The archival profession has standards for data descriptions, and it is the
job of the archivist to abide by these standards from the author’s scholarship [1]:
8.1. Data Content Standards
8.1.1. Data Content Standards
Specifies the syntax of data, order, and content.
8.1.2. Data Structure Standards
Specifies the organization of data (EAD, EAC-CPF)
8.1.3. Data Value Standards
Specifies the terms used to describe data (LCSH, AAT, NACO)
8.2. Data Appraisal Flow
The study presents an example of appraisal processes in archives that advance through levels of
supervision by archivists, curators, and records managers, offering various explanations for the
standards involved by the author [1]:
8.2.1. Mission Statement
Agenda documentation that provides topics and concepts of concern
8.2.2. Collection Development Policy
Adapted from the mission statement about what is collected and what is not and where
and how to search for sources.
8.2.3. Appraisal
Evaluation criteria based on a selection of sources worthy of being included in the
collection.
1. Questioning the validity of the source and if it is in line with the mission
statement.
2. Evaluate the authenticity of collected data.
8.2.4. Processing/Indexing (Micro-Appraisal)
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1. Processing and indexing collections or data.
2. Sources can be discarded due to privacy.
These models noted are strategies for the ML community to adapt to their professional
vernacular.
9. CODES OF CONDUCT: ETHICS AND PRIVACY
The Society of American Archivists, through their website, states that their Core Values for
Archivists and Code of Ethics for Archivists are meant to be used together as a guide for
individuals working in archival settings. These values and principles shape the expectations for
professional behavior and involvement within the field. The organization aims for authenticity in
the use and documentation of archival materials, promoting access for all communities, ensuring
accountability, and preserving collections for future generations (SAA Core Values Statement
and Code of Ethics | Society of American Archivists, n.d.) [10]. By enhancing its ethical
framework and incentivizing adherence to authoritative standards, the ML industry can surmount
its existing obstacles. This can be accomplished through the advocacy of permanent positions in
data collection, facilitating the enforcement of ethical guidelines, and ensuring accountability
among data collectors (p. 313) [1].
9.1. Actionable: Two Levels
Using the following action levels by Eun Seo Jo can improve ML data collection and annotation
[1]:
9.1.1. Macro Level =
Community, private institutions, policymakers, and government agencies
Organize and create data consortia.
Develop professional spaces working by membership to enforce ethical guidelines.
Advocate for community archives.
9.1.2. Micro Level =
O
Individual researchers, practitioners, and administrators
Define and create mission statements.
Employ full-time data collectors, curators, and administrators whose performance is
aligned with the macro and micro levels.
Document and adopt standards.
Create a collection development policy and update the domain and nuance of data
sources regularly.
Make committee decisions about cautionary data.
10. CRITICAL OBSERVATION: LIMITATIONS IN SPACES
An important issue emerging from these findings is that ML datasets are large in scope and
require more studies on how they are transferable in the context of machine learning in data
science. For example, being able to employ a full-time worker, store documentation, and
implement collection development strategies is costly regarding large-scale data collection. As
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claimed by the researcher (2020), who was earlier affiliated, “Maintaining data consortia at the
community level is one way to reduce these costs through economies of scale, resource sharing,
and minimizing duplicity” (p. 315) [1].
The main limitation of Jo’s study is interventionist models and how they too embody selectivity
in data collection practices based on the biases of archivists, who have the autonomy to make
decisions about collections and treat them unethically. Another example the scholar provides is
the influx of political and social ideologies that systematically harbor exclusion in certain
communities. The main weakness in this study is that the author does not necessarily discuss the
lack of diversity in depth regarding race and gender in ML as a professional or advocacy for jobs
to be created for individuals from ethnic communities.
11.CONCLUSION
Throughout my research and study of the literature reviewed, I was compelled to shift and take a
leap toward a new focus on African American community archives and their relationship with
machine learning. This area of exploration holds significant importance due to the lack of
scholarly attention it has received. Machine learning has the potential to impact decisionmaking
processes in libraries, archives, and museums, which can often lead to the exclusion of certain
communities. I commend Eun Seo Jo for his transparent and inclusive approach to addressing the
importance of archival work as a practice within the scope of machine learning and artificial
intelligence in his article.
This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the prominence of machine learning
in our daily lives and the sociocultural dynamics that have and will arise in the archival
profession. However, for this knowledge to hold value, the machine-learning community must
prioritize the macro- and micro-levels of action outlined by the scholar. This will ensure that
profit-driven agendas do not monopolize the field. The study highlights the significance of
archival practices in data collection, such as collection development policies, ethics standards,
and mission statements. As the autoethnographer, I show that these practices are well within the
scope of consideration for the machine learning community. In conclusion, my research has shed
light on the societal biases that have led to gaps in African American archives and data science. It
is crucial to address these biases to ensure that the machine-learning community is inclusive and
representative of all communities.
12.BLACK FUTURES REFLECTION:FUTURE OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
12.1. Abstract
As the autoethnographer conducting this study, my primary motivation for selecting this topic
stems from my curiosity and passion for African American community archives. I am
particularly fascinated by the potential of machine learning in community archiving, specifically
within African American communities. The preservation of their history through categorical
information is of great interest to me. Through my research, I ask the question: Are African
Americans in Texas actively using machine learning as an indispensable tool with community
archives? To further delve into this topic, I intend to construct a plan of action using a mixed
methods approach to explore the use of machine learning in the Black community. This research,
as a future practice, will serve as a foundation for a forthcoming research project and scholarship.
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13.DEFINITIONS
• Autoethnography
• African American/Black
• Machine Learning
• Artificial Intelligence
• Community Archives
• Sociocultural Data
14.RESEARCH QUESTION
Are African Americans in Texas actively using machine learning as an indispensable tool with
community archives?
15.LITERATURE REVIEW BIBLIOGRAPHY
15.1. Non-exhaustive Bibliographic Listing of Articles
• Benthall, S., & Haynes, B. D. (2019). Racial categories in machine learning.
Proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, 289–298
[11]. https://doi.org/10.1145/3287560.3287575
• Stevenson, J. (2022). Machine Learning with Archive Collections – Archives Hub Blog.
Machine Learning with Archive Collections [12].
https://blog.archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/2022/02/28/machine-learning-with-archivecollections/
• Prescott, A. (2023). DHQ: Digital Humanities Quarterly: Bias in Big Data, Machine
Learning and AI: What Lessons for Digital Humanities? Digital Humanities Quarterly,
17(2) [13]. https://digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/17/2/000689/000689.html
• Terras, M. (2022). Inviting AI into the archives: The reception of handwritten recognition
technology into historical manuscript transcription. In Archives, Access, and AI:
Working with Born-Digital and Digitized Archival Collections (pp. 179–204) [14].
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783839455845-008
• Taurino, G., & Smith, D. A. (2022). Machine Learning as an Archival Science:
Narratives behind Artificial Intelligence, Cultural Data, and Archival Remediation.
Contributed Panel 2b: Theorizing AI/Culture Entanglement. A NeurIPS 2022
Workshop, Virtual [15].
• Wiggers, K. (2020). Could machine learning help bring marginalized voices into
historical archives[16]? VentureBeat. https://venturebeat.com/business/could-
machinelearning-help-bring-marginalized-voices-into-historical-archives/
15.2. I Exert: Theory
For my research, I have formulated a plan to use a mixed-methods approach that incorporates a
diverse range of theories from both information science and the social sciences. Specifically, I
will be drawing upon the following theories: Archival (Machine Learning), which applies
machine learning techniques to archive management and organization; Black Archival Practice,
which explores the role of archives in preserving and promoting black cultural heritage; Social
Closure, which examines how groups restrict access to resources and information; and
Community Archives Theory, which is about the importance of community engagement in
archive creation and management. Lastly, I will divulge Sociocultural Perspective Theory, used
to describe awareness of circumstances surrounding individuals and how their behaviors are
affected specifically by their surroundings and social and cultural factors. By using these
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theories, I hope to gain a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the complex issues
surrounding archival practices and their impact on society.
16. METHODOLOGY
The guiding approach and method introduced for this study are embedded in autoethnography,
which involves placing oneself at the center of an archival analysis. In this case, machine learning
is a tool for community archiving. As the autoethnographer, I use the method of participatory
action research (survey and virtual forum) to examine the use of ML through language, culture,
knowledge, and visual frames. Action research is defined by Anne Burns (2015) [17]as "a set of
research approaches that, at the same time, systematically investigate a given social situation and
promote democratic change and collaboration participation" (Burns, 2015, p. 187) [17]. Utilizing
this method offers a myriad of benefits, as it grants researchers the freedom to conduct interviews
either in person, virtually, over the phone, or through mail. As a result, participants can genuinely
convey their thoughts on the topic of interest while allowing researchers to analyze and classify
data in multiple ways, thereby helping the visualization process and generating valuable insights.
16.1.1. Proposed Instruments
For this research, I will apply for an IRB-approved research study survey that will be available as
a virtual survey and online forum with the following criteria:
Participants: Ages 18 and beyond.
Target Group: African Americans in Texas and or who identify as Black
Recruitment: Poster, Email, Facebook, LinkedIn, and mobile devices.
16.1.2. Sample Survey Questions
Define data.
Define community archives.
Define sociocultural.
Define race.
Are you familiar with the term Machine Learning?
Are you familiar with the term Artificial Intelligence?
Have you ever enrolled in a course for ML or AL?
Have you participated in a coding project using Python?
Have you ever used ML or AI as a genealogy model?
Have you ever used ML or AI for a community archive model?
Have you ever used ML or AI to change an image or artwork?
Have you ever used text mining before?
Do you plan to use ML or AL in your professional work life?
What has your experience been like using Machine Learning as a tool?
16.1.3. Data Collection
To collect the necessary data, participants will have the choice between completing a survey
questionnaire or taking part in a virtual forum interview. This choice must be made before giving
their responses to the study. The survey questionnaire will consist of a set of questions on the
relevant topic, while the virtual forum interview will be conducted through a digital platform
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where participants can share their thoughts and opinions in a group discussion setting. Both
methods are designed to gather valuable insights and feedback from the participants.
16.1.4. Data Analysis
As part of the data analysis assessment, the collected data will be meticulously examined and
manually inputted into IBM SPSS software. Using the software, we will generate comprehensive
reports that have crucial demographic information and insights derived from the answers
provided in the questionnaire. To analyze the forum feedback, we will use text mining by taking
quotes from participants and entering them into a corpus that will supply significant text analysis
based on language redundancy, commonality, and deviation.
17.LIMITATIONS
This study's constraints lie in the fact that the participants are not sufficiently informed about
machine learning, a subdivision of artificial intelligence. Additionally, obtaining enough
participants who are willing to engage in the forum and share their experiences may prove
challenging due to their limited understanding of machine learning and archives.
18. SUMMARY
As an experienced researcher and practitioner in this field, I have thoroughly examined the
evidence gathered so far and concluded that it is compelling enough to justify continuing with
this project and study. Based on my analysis, I am confident that the data obtained will help me
gain a deeper understanding of the subject matter and potentially lead to valuable insights and
solutions. Therefore, I recommend that this study (as the autoethnographer) continue with the
next phase of this research with a clear focus on achieving the desired outcomes.
REFERENCES
[1] Jo, E. S., & Gebru, T. (2020). Lessons from Archives: Strategies for Collecting Sociocultural Data
in Machine Learning. Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and
Transparency, 306–316. https://doi.org/10.1145/3351095.3372829
[2] The University of Central Arkansas, Training Files, (2020). Race Terminology.
[3] SAA Dictionary: Archives, (n.d.). https://dictionary.archivists.org/entry/archives.html
[4] Coursera. (2023). What Is Artificial Intelligence? Definition, Uses, and Types. Coursera.
https://www.coursera.org/articles/what-is-artificial-intelligence
[5] Adams, T., Ellis, C., & Jones, S. (2017). Autoethnography.
https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118901731.iecrm0011
[6] SAA Dictionary: Community archives. (n.d.). https://dictionary.archivists.org/entry/community-
archives.html
[7] Devopedia. (2020). "Machine Learning." Version 18.
[8] Sociocultural. (2023). In Cambridge Dictionary. Cambridge University Press & Assessment.
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/sociocultural
[9] Kantayya, S. (Director). (2021). Coded Bias | Films | PBS. Independent Lens.
https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/coded-bias/
[10] SAA Core Values Statement and Code of Ethics | Society of American Archivists. (n.d.).
https://www2.archivists.org/statements/saa-core-values-statement-and-code-of-ethics
[11] Benthall, S., & Haynes, B. D. (2019). Racial categories in machine learning. Proceedings of the
Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, 289–298.
https://doi.org/10.1145/3287560.3287575
11. International Journal of Humanities, Art and Social Studies (IJHAS), Vol. 9, No.1, February 2024
11
[12] Stevenson, J. (2022). Machine Learning with Archive Collections – Archives Hub Blog. Machine
Learning with Archive Collections. https://blog.archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/2022/02/28/machinelearning-
with-archive-collections/
[13] Prescott, A. (2023). DHQ: Digital Humanities Quarterly: Bias in Big Data, Machine Learning and
AI: What Lessons for Digital Humanities? Digital Humanities Quarterly, 17(2).
https://digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/17/2/000689/000689.html
[14] Terras, M. (2022). Inviting AI into the archives: The reception of handwritten recognition
technology into historical manuscript transcription. In Archives, Access, and AI: Working with
Born-Digital and Digitized Archival Collections (pp. 179–204). Transcript Verlag.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783839455845-008
[15] Taurino, G.,& Smith, D. A. (2022). Machine Learning as an Archival Science: Narratives behind
Artificial Intelligence, Cultural Data, and Archival Remediation. Contributed Panel 2b: Theorizing
AI/Culture Entanglement. A NeurIPS 2022 Workshop, Virtual.
[16] Wiggers, K. (2020). Could machine learning help bring marginalized voices into historical
archives? VentureBeat. https://venturebeat.com/business/could-machine-learning-help-
bringmarginalized-voices-into-historical-archives/
[17] Burns, A. (2015). Action research. In The Cambridge Guide to Research in Language Teaching and
Learning (pp. 99–104). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work received support from the Institute for Humane Studies under grant nos. IHS017118.
AUTHORS
kYmberly Keeton is a nationally published writer, an art librarian and archivist, and a
genealogy curator. She is the Chief Artistic Officer of NOVELLA MEDIA, LLC, an
artistic conglomerate, and the founder of ART | library deco, a virtual African
American art library and repository. kYmberly is an ALA Emerging Leader and
Library Journal 2020 Mover & Shaker. kYmberly is a 2023-2024 LEAD Fellow at
Drexel University. The creative mixologist is a Ph.D. candidate in Information Science,
Interdisciplinary Studies at the University of North Texas. Read the writer’s doctoral
BLGAM
.