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CALYPSO AND SOCA
WWW.STEFANWALCOTT.COM
Modern and Popular
The Soundtrack
 During the nineteenth century, songs in Trinidad
called cariso or caliso are said to have been
performed to the accompaniment of the goatskin
drum, shac-shacs and scraper.
 Black Creoles had also adopted woodwind and
string instruments influenced by Venezuelan
string bands.
 They were also Carnival songs called ‘calendas’
or lavways sung in French Creole by negre
jardin stickmen and their followers.
Calypso in the 1950’s
 By the 1950’s
Calypso had evolved
into a standardised
instrumental form.
 The sound consisted
of brass and rhythm
section.
 Set of standardised
lyrical material had
also emerged.
Lyrical Themes of Calypsos
 Social Commentary.
 ‘Fun’
 Battle
 Dance
Social Commentary
 Social commentary - Lyrics usually focus on
recent socio-economic issues, regional or local
political events, important international
historical events/personalities, regional
personalities, cricket.
 Perspective is from Afro worldview.
Fun Calypso
 Calypso used to derive humour.
 Uses double entendre where one word has
more than one meaning. This is manipulated
through dialect devices.
 Frequently sexual (hetero) in nature.
Battle Calypso
 B.C – Used for self-aggrandizement and to
challenge and demean other artists.
 Other calypsos can have B.C components
especially in a live setting as part of an
improvised or ‘picong’ verse.
 Picong songs are entirely devoted to battling.
Sung in competition.
Present Function
 Calypso is mostly now
a seasonal music
usually created for the
sake of competitions
that occur at
festivals/carnivals.
 It is mostly performed
in standard form.
Artists
 TnT - The Mighty
Sparrow, Lord
Kitchener, Roaring
Lion, Executor,
Chalkdust, Lord
Invader, Houdini,
Duke, Calypso Rose.
 Barbados – Red
Plastic Bag, Gabby,
Bumba, Serenader,
Kid Site.
 St. Vincent – Beckett.
 Antigua – Short Shirt
Soca
 In the 1970s under the influence of soul music,
Calypso underwent a change.
 The electric bass and the way it functioned
within soul ensembles were introduced to
Calypso.
 Resultant musical change led to creation of
Soca.
 Early innovator Garfield Blackman whose first
influence was Indian music.
 Soca is pre-dominantly a dance music.
Soca instrumentation
 No standard line up with exception of rhythm
section
 Keys, Bass, Drums with frequent presence of
drum machine instead of live percussionist.
Soca Construction
 Soca choruses are repetitive and verses are
short.
 It is comparatively quicker than Calypso.
Lyrical themes
 Frequently features dance lyrics or movement
words e.g. Jump, Wine, Wave.
 ‘Fun calypso’ double-entendre also found.
Soca- The Sound
 Since the 1970s, Soca has been a popular
form that quickly to embraces technological
changes.
 Later Soca incorporates the drum machine
and is heavily synthesised.
 Through the years it has always been
influenced by American popular music.
Modern Soca
 Modern Soca uses marketing devices of Pop
music.
 Artists are constantly focused on increased
international appeal especially in North
American non-immigrant market.
Artists
 TnT – Super Blue, Tambu,
Machel Montano, Destra,
Shurwayne Winchester, Kes
the Band, Kerwin Dubois, Bunji
Garlin, Fay Ann Lyons
 Barbados – Alison Hinds
Rupee, Edwin Yearwood and
Krosfyah
 Grenada – Tall Pree, Mr. Killa
 St. Vincent – Skinny Fabulous
 Antigua – Burning Flames
www.stefanwalcott.com for more see
link
 www.stefanwalcott.co
m
 http://wp.me/p3MXG
X-3
 For music examples,
look out in July 2014
for Caribbean
Composers
Handbook in
Amazon.com under
Stefan Walcott.

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Calypso and Soca - History and Overview

  • 2. The Soundtrack  During the nineteenth century, songs in Trinidad called cariso or caliso are said to have been performed to the accompaniment of the goatskin drum, shac-shacs and scraper.  Black Creoles had also adopted woodwind and string instruments influenced by Venezuelan string bands.  They were also Carnival songs called ‘calendas’ or lavways sung in French Creole by negre jardin stickmen and their followers.
  • 3. Calypso in the 1950’s  By the 1950’s Calypso had evolved into a standardised instrumental form.  The sound consisted of brass and rhythm section.  Set of standardised lyrical material had also emerged.
  • 4. Lyrical Themes of Calypsos  Social Commentary.  ‘Fun’  Battle  Dance
  • 5. Social Commentary  Social commentary - Lyrics usually focus on recent socio-economic issues, regional or local political events, important international historical events/personalities, regional personalities, cricket.  Perspective is from Afro worldview.
  • 6. Fun Calypso  Calypso used to derive humour.  Uses double entendre where one word has more than one meaning. This is manipulated through dialect devices.  Frequently sexual (hetero) in nature.
  • 7. Battle Calypso  B.C – Used for self-aggrandizement and to challenge and demean other artists.  Other calypsos can have B.C components especially in a live setting as part of an improvised or ‘picong’ verse.  Picong songs are entirely devoted to battling. Sung in competition.
  • 8. Present Function  Calypso is mostly now a seasonal music usually created for the sake of competitions that occur at festivals/carnivals.  It is mostly performed in standard form.
  • 9. Artists  TnT - The Mighty Sparrow, Lord Kitchener, Roaring Lion, Executor, Chalkdust, Lord Invader, Houdini, Duke, Calypso Rose.  Barbados – Red Plastic Bag, Gabby, Bumba, Serenader, Kid Site.  St. Vincent – Beckett.  Antigua – Short Shirt
  • 10. Soca  In the 1970s under the influence of soul music, Calypso underwent a change.  The electric bass and the way it functioned within soul ensembles were introduced to Calypso.  Resultant musical change led to creation of Soca.  Early innovator Garfield Blackman whose first influence was Indian music.  Soca is pre-dominantly a dance music.
  • 11. Soca instrumentation  No standard line up with exception of rhythm section  Keys, Bass, Drums with frequent presence of drum machine instead of live percussionist.
  • 12. Soca Construction  Soca choruses are repetitive and verses are short.  It is comparatively quicker than Calypso.
  • 13. Lyrical themes  Frequently features dance lyrics or movement words e.g. Jump, Wine, Wave.  ‘Fun calypso’ double-entendre also found.
  • 14. Soca- The Sound  Since the 1970s, Soca has been a popular form that quickly to embraces technological changes.  Later Soca incorporates the drum machine and is heavily synthesised.  Through the years it has always been influenced by American popular music.
  • 15. Modern Soca  Modern Soca uses marketing devices of Pop music.  Artists are constantly focused on increased international appeal especially in North American non-immigrant market.
  • 16. Artists  TnT – Super Blue, Tambu, Machel Montano, Destra, Shurwayne Winchester, Kes the Band, Kerwin Dubois, Bunji Garlin, Fay Ann Lyons  Barbados – Alison Hinds Rupee, Edwin Yearwood and Krosfyah  Grenada – Tall Pree, Mr. Killa  St. Vincent – Skinny Fabulous  Antigua – Burning Flames
  • 17. www.stefanwalcott.com for more see link  www.stefanwalcott.co m  http://wp.me/p3MXG X-3  For music examples, look out in July 2014 for Caribbean Composers Handbook in Amazon.com under Stefan Walcott.