A Successfull Case Study of
Kranastarava in Terms of Nidan, Samprapati, Samprapti Ghatak and Samanya And Vishesh Chikitsa with Rakshoghna Dravya Karna Dhupan Karma and Internal Medications.
Case Study Full Article:
A study on the Efficacy of Rakshoghna Dravya Dhupana in the managment of Karnastrav.
https://medicaljournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/JoAYUSH/article/view/3337
Publication:
Journal Of AYUSH: Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and homeopathy.
Aushadha sewan marga ( routes of drug administrationnehajambla
The document discusses the various routes of drug administration according to Ayurveda and modern medicine. It outlines 10 main routes in Ayurveda - basti, nasya, dhumpaan, gandoosh, kawal, pratisarana, aalep, shir abhayanga, shirovasti, and rakht nirharana. It also discusses 7 types of netra marga (eye treatments). For modern medicine, it lists the main parenteral and other routes including oral, sublingual, rectal, pulmonary, nasal, cutaneous, ocular, and vaginal. The document emphasizes that physicians must be aware of all routes to properly administer drugs based
This document presents a case study of a 37-year-old female patient named Mrs. Shashikala suffering from a skin condition for 3 years. She experiences burning and itching on her palms and all over her body. On examination, she has lesions on her hands and healed marks from previous lesions. The proposed treatment includes snehana, swedana, virechana, herbal medicines both internal and external, and a pathya-apathya diet. The differential diagnosis is determined to be kustha with vipadika or psoriasis with irritant contact dermatitis.
Swasa Roga is a typical respiratory problem mentioned in classical Ayurveda texts. This presentation has tried to include classical as well as modern perspectives of respiratory problems that has difficulty in breathing/dyspnoea as the major symptom.
this is an ppt presentation by dr.b.arun kumar, who is working as a lecturer in MNR ayurvedic medical college, sangareddy, near hyderabad. in this presentation i given all details of virechana karma.
1. The document discusses the procedure of Siravyadha, or bloodletting therapy, in Ayurveda. It describes the 700 veins in the body, which originate from the umbilicus, and the appropriate sites on the body for bloodletting for different diseases.
2. The preparation, positioning of the patient, and technique for puncturing veins of appropriate size in different body areas are explained. Signs of proper, inadequate, and excessive blood flow are also outlined.
3. Contraindications for bloodletting such as age, health status, and timing are mentioned. The importance of bloodletting for curing diseases from their root is highlighted.
Power Point Presentation On Ama Vata (Rheumatoid Arthritis),
Created by Dr R.L.D.S. Ranasinghe, Medical Officer, Post Graduate Scholar, Institute of Indigenous Medicine, University Of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
This document discusses abhyantara snehana or internal oleation therapy as a preparatory procedure for panchakarma. It describes the types of internal snehana including accha sneha, pravicharna sneha and avapeedaka sneha. The process of snehana including patient examination, dosage determination based on prakriti, dosha and agni is explained. Signs of proper snehana like vatanulomana and complications are also mentioned along with their management. Guidelines regarding diet, lifestyle during snehana are provided. Different modalities of sneha administration after snehana are described. Finally, indications of snehana are stated.
Aushadha sewan marga ( routes of drug administrationnehajambla
The document discusses the various routes of drug administration according to Ayurveda and modern medicine. It outlines 10 main routes in Ayurveda - basti, nasya, dhumpaan, gandoosh, kawal, pratisarana, aalep, shir abhayanga, shirovasti, and rakht nirharana. It also discusses 7 types of netra marga (eye treatments). For modern medicine, it lists the main parenteral and other routes including oral, sublingual, rectal, pulmonary, nasal, cutaneous, ocular, and vaginal. The document emphasizes that physicians must be aware of all routes to properly administer drugs based
This document presents a case study of a 37-year-old female patient named Mrs. Shashikala suffering from a skin condition for 3 years. She experiences burning and itching on her palms and all over her body. On examination, she has lesions on her hands and healed marks from previous lesions. The proposed treatment includes snehana, swedana, virechana, herbal medicines both internal and external, and a pathya-apathya diet. The differential diagnosis is determined to be kustha with vipadika or psoriasis with irritant contact dermatitis.
Swasa Roga is a typical respiratory problem mentioned in classical Ayurveda texts. This presentation has tried to include classical as well as modern perspectives of respiratory problems that has difficulty in breathing/dyspnoea as the major symptom.
this is an ppt presentation by dr.b.arun kumar, who is working as a lecturer in MNR ayurvedic medical college, sangareddy, near hyderabad. in this presentation i given all details of virechana karma.
1. The document discusses the procedure of Siravyadha, or bloodletting therapy, in Ayurveda. It describes the 700 veins in the body, which originate from the umbilicus, and the appropriate sites on the body for bloodletting for different diseases.
2. The preparation, positioning of the patient, and technique for puncturing veins of appropriate size in different body areas are explained. Signs of proper, inadequate, and excessive blood flow are also outlined.
3. Contraindications for bloodletting such as age, health status, and timing are mentioned. The importance of bloodletting for curing diseases from their root is highlighted.
Power Point Presentation On Ama Vata (Rheumatoid Arthritis),
Created by Dr R.L.D.S. Ranasinghe, Medical Officer, Post Graduate Scholar, Institute of Indigenous Medicine, University Of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
This document discusses abhyantara snehana or internal oleation therapy as a preparatory procedure for panchakarma. It describes the types of internal snehana including accha sneha, pravicharna sneha and avapeedaka sneha. The process of snehana including patient examination, dosage determination based on prakriti, dosha and agni is explained. Signs of proper snehana like vatanulomana and complications are also mentioned along with their management. Guidelines regarding diet, lifestyle during snehana are provided. Different modalities of sneha administration after snehana are described. Finally, indications of snehana are stated.
Ardita ( bells palsy ) case presentationKamal Sharma
1. The patient, a 59-year-old male, presented with symptoms including deviation of the mouth towards the right side, inability to fully close the left eye, tearing from the left eye, and slurred speech since August 13.
2. On examination, neurological deficits were observed including loss of forehead frowning and eyebrow raising on the left side consistent with a lower motor neuron lesion of the 7th cranial nerve (facial nerve palsy).
3. The patient was diagnosed with Ardita (facial palsy) based on the involvement of only the left side of the face. He was started on treatments including nasya, herbal Kashaya, and local applications intended
This document summarizes various formulations of Prasarini Taila described across several classical Ayurvedic texts. It provides the ingredients and method of preparation for 10 different formulations of Prasarini Taila from texts like Sharangadhara Samhita, Bhaishajya Ratnavali, and Sahasrayoga. The formulations vary in their ingredients but are all intended for the treatment of vata disorders like gridhrasi, kubja, pangu, and vatavyadhi. The document analyzes the formulations and indications described for each variation of Prasarini Taila.
This document discusses the Ayurvedic nasal procedure known as Nasya. It begins by questioning whether modern Nasya practices fully follow classical techniques. The basic anatomy of the nasal passages and their connection to the brain is then outlined. Different types of Nasya are classified and their indications, dosages, procedures, and complications are described in detail. Specific conditions that may benefit from Nasya are also explained. The document aims to analyze modern Nasya practices and promote standardizing dosage and techniques according to classical Ayurvedic texts.
This document presents a case study of a 42-year-old male patient admitted to SDM Hospital in Hassan, Karnataka, India with neck pain radiating to his right arm along with numbness and weakness. The patient's history, examination findings, investigations and differential diagnosis are documented. Based on the signs and symptoms of pain and stiffness with limited range of motion, the patient was diagnosed with Apabahuka (Frozen Shoulder). The patient underwent Panchakarma treatments including snehana, swedana, nasya and Lepa. His range of motion improved and he was discharged with relief of symptoms on medication.
ROLE OF RASAOUSHADIS IN MANAGEMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS.pptxDr Shravya M
This document provides an overview of the role of rasaushadis (herbo-metallic preparations) in the management of neurological disorders according to Ayurveda. It discusses several specific rasaushadis including Bruhat Vata Chintamani Ras, Vasantakusumakara Ras, Vatavidwamsa Ras, Ekangaveera Ras, Sameerapannaga Ras, Mallasindura Ras, Rasaraja Ras, Smruthisagara Ras and Poornachandrodaya Ras. It explains the ingredients, methods of preparation, indications and pharmacological actions of these rasaushadis. The document emphasizes that rasaushadis are highly effective for neurological conditions due to their
Dr.Lavanya.S.A - critical review of bhaishajya ratnavali specialDr.Lavanya .S.A
The document summarizes a seminar on chapters 41-45 of the Bhaishajya Ratnavali text. It provides an overview of the text and chapters to be discussed. Treatment approaches are described for various diseases including pleeha (spleen disorders), shotha (inflammation), vriddhi (enlargement), and shleepi (numbness). Specific formulations from the text are also summarized such as kashayas, churnas, vatis, lohas, rasayogas and ghritas for treating diseases. Pathya and apathya for treatment are outlined along with general treatment approaches based on dosha.
Raktamokshana, or bloodletting, is an Ayurvedic treatment procedure for removing vitiated blood. It is classified into two main types - those using sharp instruments like Siravyadha (venesection), and non-invasive methods like Shrunga (horn suction), Jalauka (leech therapy), and Alabu (suction cupping). The document discusses the various bloodletting modalities in detail, covering their indications, contraindications, techniques and therapeutic benefits. Raktamokshana is considered an important treatment especially for conditions caused by vitiation of blood or pitta dosha.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. It is characterized by chronic airway obstruction due to emphysema or chronic bronchitis. The document discusses the pathogenesis and classification of COPD, its signs and symptoms, risk factors, complications, diagnosis, and management according to Ayurveda. For management, it recommends snehana, swedana, tamaka shodhana procedures like vamana and virechana based on the dosha involvement. It also suggests dhumapana, rasayana, and lifestyle modifications.
This document discusses various Kriya Kalpa procedures used in Shalakya Tantra (Ayurvedic eye, ear, nose, and throat treatment). It describes 7 main types of Kriya Kalpa: Aschotana, Seka, Bidalaka, Pindi, Tarpan, Putpaka, and Anjana. Each have specific indications and procedures for topical application and treatment of ocular conditions. Additionally, it briefly outlines other procedures used in Shalakya Tantra including Nasya, Dhumpana, Murdhatail, Karna Chikitsa, Pratisarana, Mukh Lepa, and Sweda.
The document summarizes a seminar presentation on Pandu roga given by Dr. Divya Ramachandran. It discusses the etymology and mythological origin of the word "Pandu" and describes Pandu roga in Ayurveda. It analyzes the nidanas (causes) of Pandu roga according to Charaka Samhita and Susruta Samhita, including aharaja (diet-based), viharaja (lifestyle-based), and manasika (mental) nidanas. It also examines some specific nidanas like kshara, lavana, and amla in detail regarding their properties and how they may provoke Pitta dosha and
Pilonidal sinus treated with Kshara sutra therapyDrNeharu Mandoli
This document presents the case of a 35-year-old male street vendor presenting with a 15-year history of pain and foul-smelling discharge from the low back region between the buttocks. On examination, multiple interconnected sinus tracts were found in the natal cleft with tufts of hair and blood-mixed pus discharge. The patient was diagnosed with a pilonidal sinus. He underwent primary threading followed by weekly Apamarga kshara sutra ligations, which resulted in the gradual healing of the sinus tracts over 6 weeks of treatment. Follow up was advised every two weeks for 6 months to monitor for recurrence.
This document summarizes a seminar on the formulation of Arvindasava according to classical Ayurvedic methods. It discusses the ingredients, properties, and therapeutic uses of Arvindasava based on references from Bhaisajya Ratnavali. Key points include: the ingredients and preparation process, pharmacological effects for treating fever, cough, digestive issues in children, recent research supporting its uses, and quality control testing to ensure proper fermentation. The summary provides an overview of the essential information on the traditional Ayurvedic formulation of Arvindasava.
Samhita Adhyayan - 1st Profession, Charak Samhita Sutrastan's 2nd Chatushka - Swastha chatuska and 5th Chapter- Matrashitya Adhyay's 2nd topic Swasthavrut Varnan in relation to the Shalakya Tantra.
It includes a Breif description of Nasya and Dhumapana in Contex to Daily Regiman.
A brief description includes:
Definition, Synonyms, Mode of Actions, Types, Advantages, Indications, Contraindications, Theraputic Procedures and Procedure Videos.
Examination ashtavidha parikasha by rogaratnakaraAyurprakruti
The document discusses the examination of stools (mala pareeksha) in Ayurveda. It describes the ideal characteristics of healthy stools as well as dosha-specific characteristics. Abnormal qualities indicate various diseases. Factors like consistency, color, smell, and presence of blood or mucus are noted. Examining the physical and chemical properties of stools provides insights into digestive and dosha imbalances. The timing, collection process, and what to look for in the examination are also outlined.
Nasya karma involves administering medications through the nasal route. It is one of the five main treatments in Panchakarma and is considered very effective for treating diseases above the clavicle. The summary explains the procedure of Nasya karma including preparatory steps like patient assessment, types of Nasya based on the substance used, dosing quantities, and post-treatment care. Nasya karma works by facilitating absorption of medicines into the brain and nervous system via olfactory nerves and blood vessels in the nasal mucosa. It provides direct access to treating head and neck disorders.
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Ardita ( bells palsy ) case presentationKamal Sharma
1. The patient, a 59-year-old male, presented with symptoms including deviation of the mouth towards the right side, inability to fully close the left eye, tearing from the left eye, and slurred speech since August 13.
2. On examination, neurological deficits were observed including loss of forehead frowning and eyebrow raising on the left side consistent with a lower motor neuron lesion of the 7th cranial nerve (facial nerve palsy).
3. The patient was diagnosed with Ardita (facial palsy) based on the involvement of only the left side of the face. He was started on treatments including nasya, herbal Kashaya, and local applications intended
This document summarizes various formulations of Prasarini Taila described across several classical Ayurvedic texts. It provides the ingredients and method of preparation for 10 different formulations of Prasarini Taila from texts like Sharangadhara Samhita, Bhaishajya Ratnavali, and Sahasrayoga. The formulations vary in their ingredients but are all intended for the treatment of vata disorders like gridhrasi, kubja, pangu, and vatavyadhi. The document analyzes the formulations and indications described for each variation of Prasarini Taila.
This document discusses the Ayurvedic nasal procedure known as Nasya. It begins by questioning whether modern Nasya practices fully follow classical techniques. The basic anatomy of the nasal passages and their connection to the brain is then outlined. Different types of Nasya are classified and their indications, dosages, procedures, and complications are described in detail. Specific conditions that may benefit from Nasya are also explained. The document aims to analyze modern Nasya practices and promote standardizing dosage and techniques according to classical Ayurvedic texts.
This document presents a case study of a 42-year-old male patient admitted to SDM Hospital in Hassan, Karnataka, India with neck pain radiating to his right arm along with numbness and weakness. The patient's history, examination findings, investigations and differential diagnosis are documented. Based on the signs and symptoms of pain and stiffness with limited range of motion, the patient was diagnosed with Apabahuka (Frozen Shoulder). The patient underwent Panchakarma treatments including snehana, swedana, nasya and Lepa. His range of motion improved and he was discharged with relief of symptoms on medication.
ROLE OF RASAOUSHADIS IN MANAGEMENT OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS.pptxDr Shravya M
This document provides an overview of the role of rasaushadis (herbo-metallic preparations) in the management of neurological disorders according to Ayurveda. It discusses several specific rasaushadis including Bruhat Vata Chintamani Ras, Vasantakusumakara Ras, Vatavidwamsa Ras, Ekangaveera Ras, Sameerapannaga Ras, Mallasindura Ras, Rasaraja Ras, Smruthisagara Ras and Poornachandrodaya Ras. It explains the ingredients, methods of preparation, indications and pharmacological actions of these rasaushadis. The document emphasizes that rasaushadis are highly effective for neurological conditions due to their
Dr.Lavanya.S.A - critical review of bhaishajya ratnavali specialDr.Lavanya .S.A
The document summarizes a seminar on chapters 41-45 of the Bhaishajya Ratnavali text. It provides an overview of the text and chapters to be discussed. Treatment approaches are described for various diseases including pleeha (spleen disorders), shotha (inflammation), vriddhi (enlargement), and shleepi (numbness). Specific formulations from the text are also summarized such as kashayas, churnas, vatis, lohas, rasayogas and ghritas for treating diseases. Pathya and apathya for treatment are outlined along with general treatment approaches based on dosha.
Raktamokshana, or bloodletting, is an Ayurvedic treatment procedure for removing vitiated blood. It is classified into two main types - those using sharp instruments like Siravyadha (venesection), and non-invasive methods like Shrunga (horn suction), Jalauka (leech therapy), and Alabu (suction cupping). The document discusses the various bloodletting modalities in detail, covering their indications, contraindications, techniques and therapeutic benefits. Raktamokshana is considered an important treatment especially for conditions caused by vitiation of blood or pitta dosha.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. It is characterized by chronic airway obstruction due to emphysema or chronic bronchitis. The document discusses the pathogenesis and classification of COPD, its signs and symptoms, risk factors, complications, diagnosis, and management according to Ayurveda. For management, it recommends snehana, swedana, tamaka shodhana procedures like vamana and virechana based on the dosha involvement. It also suggests dhumapana, rasayana, and lifestyle modifications.
This document discusses various Kriya Kalpa procedures used in Shalakya Tantra (Ayurvedic eye, ear, nose, and throat treatment). It describes 7 main types of Kriya Kalpa: Aschotana, Seka, Bidalaka, Pindi, Tarpan, Putpaka, and Anjana. Each have specific indications and procedures for topical application and treatment of ocular conditions. Additionally, it briefly outlines other procedures used in Shalakya Tantra including Nasya, Dhumpana, Murdhatail, Karna Chikitsa, Pratisarana, Mukh Lepa, and Sweda.
The document summarizes a seminar presentation on Pandu roga given by Dr. Divya Ramachandran. It discusses the etymology and mythological origin of the word "Pandu" and describes Pandu roga in Ayurveda. It analyzes the nidanas (causes) of Pandu roga according to Charaka Samhita and Susruta Samhita, including aharaja (diet-based), viharaja (lifestyle-based), and manasika (mental) nidanas. It also examines some specific nidanas like kshara, lavana, and amla in detail regarding their properties and how they may provoke Pitta dosha and
Pilonidal sinus treated with Kshara sutra therapyDrNeharu Mandoli
This document presents the case of a 35-year-old male street vendor presenting with a 15-year history of pain and foul-smelling discharge from the low back region between the buttocks. On examination, multiple interconnected sinus tracts were found in the natal cleft with tufts of hair and blood-mixed pus discharge. The patient was diagnosed with a pilonidal sinus. He underwent primary threading followed by weekly Apamarga kshara sutra ligations, which resulted in the gradual healing of the sinus tracts over 6 weeks of treatment. Follow up was advised every two weeks for 6 months to monitor for recurrence.
This document summarizes a seminar on the formulation of Arvindasava according to classical Ayurvedic methods. It discusses the ingredients, properties, and therapeutic uses of Arvindasava based on references from Bhaisajya Ratnavali. Key points include: the ingredients and preparation process, pharmacological effects for treating fever, cough, digestive issues in children, recent research supporting its uses, and quality control testing to ensure proper fermentation. The summary provides an overview of the essential information on the traditional Ayurvedic formulation of Arvindasava.
Samhita Adhyayan - 1st Profession, Charak Samhita Sutrastan's 2nd Chatushka - Swastha chatuska and 5th Chapter- Matrashitya Adhyay's 2nd topic Swasthavrut Varnan in relation to the Shalakya Tantra.
It includes a Breif description of Nasya and Dhumapana in Contex to Daily Regiman.
A brief description includes:
Definition, Synonyms, Mode of Actions, Types, Advantages, Indications, Contraindications, Theraputic Procedures and Procedure Videos.
Examination ashtavidha parikasha by rogaratnakaraAyurprakruti
The document discusses the examination of stools (mala pareeksha) in Ayurveda. It describes the ideal characteristics of healthy stools as well as dosha-specific characteristics. Abnormal qualities indicate various diseases. Factors like consistency, color, smell, and presence of blood or mucus are noted. Examining the physical and chemical properties of stools provides insights into digestive and dosha imbalances. The timing, collection process, and what to look for in the examination are also outlined.
Nasya karma involves administering medications through the nasal route. It is one of the five main treatments in Panchakarma and is considered very effective for treating diseases above the clavicle. The summary explains the procedure of Nasya karma including preparatory steps like patient assessment, types of Nasya based on the substance used, dosing quantities, and post-treatment care. Nasya karma works by facilitating absorption of medicines into the brain and nervous system via olfactory nerves and blood vessels in the nasal mucosa. It provides direct access to treating head and neck disorders.
Similaire à Case Study: Efficacy of Rakshoghna Dravya Dhupana in Managment of KarnaStrav. (20)
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Our backs are like superheroes, holding us up and helping us move around. But sometimes, even superheroes can get hurt. That’s where slip discs come in.
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
pathology MCQS introduction to pathology general pathology
Case Study: Efficacy of Rakshoghna Dravya Dhupana in Managment of KarnaStrav.
1. RAKSHOGHNA DRAVYA DHUPANA IN
MANAGEMENT OF KARNA STRAV (ACUTE
SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA) – A CASE STUDY
By :
Sejal D. Gamit
Assistant Prof./ Consultant
Shalakya Tantra Department
Sumandeep Ayurved Medical College & Hospital.
6. Tympanic Membrane:
Synonyms: Ear drum, Myringa
Definition: A thin membrane that separates the external ear from the middle
ear.
Site: Located at medial end of the external auditory canal, separating it from the
middle ear cavity
Position: At an angle of 55° to the horizontal to the floor and directed
downward, forward and laterally. It is horizontal in newborns.
Shape: Oval Concave laterally (towards external auditory canal) and slightly
drawn inwards at its center – the umbo, where the handle of malleus is attached.
Size:
Length: 9-10 mm
Width: 8-9 mm
Thickness: 0.1 mm
Structure:
Outer epithelial/cutaneous layer
Middle fibrous layer
Inner mucosal layer
Color:
Pars tensa: pearly white/grey
Pars flaccida: pinkish
13. In Karnastrav there is one type of Vran occurs in Tympanic membrane
and then discharge comes out.
Achary Sushrut has described Sevral Dravya Dhupan for Karnastrava.
तो गुग्गुल्वगुरुसजणरसवचागौरसषणपचूणैलणवणशिम्बपत्रशवशमश्रैराज्ययुक्तैधूणपयेत् |
आज्यिेषेण चास्य प्राणाि् समालिेत ||
- सु.सू.5/18
There is also a reference of Rakshoghna Dhup for Vrandhupan So if
Karnastrav taken as Vran in tympanic membrane, Rakshoghna Dhup
Drugs were taken for Karnadupan in Karnastrav.
14. ASOM
Common infection affecting middle ear mucosa.
Stage of Tubal Occlusion
Stage of Pre-suppuration
Stage Of Suppuration
Stage Of Resolution
Stage Of Complication
16. CASE REPORT:
Age : 44 Years
Sex : Female
Occupation : House
Wife
Marital Status : Married
Address : Jodhpur,
Ahmedabad
COMPLAINTS - DURATIONS:
S.N. Symptoms Durations
1 Karna Gauravata-Heaviness of Both Ears 1 month
2 Karna Shul-Mild Pain 1 month
3 Karnastrav-Ear Discharge 1 month
4 Karna Shravan Alpata-Hearing Loss 15–20 days
5 Karna Avidhyaman Dhvani Shruti-Tinitus 15–20 days
6 Karna Kandu-Itching 15–20 days
7 Nasa Strav-Nasal Discharge 1 yr (Recurrent)
8 Shiro Gauravta-Heaviness of Head 1 yr (Recurrent)
17. PAST HISTORY:
Patient having Rhinitis and Heaviness of Head in recurrent condition since last
1 year.
The patient received oral antibiotics and analgesics medications since 15 days
but only get relief as long as the effect of the medicines lasts and symptoms
occurs intermediately.
PERSONAL HISTORY :
Diet : Mixed
Appetite : Good
Sleep : Disturbed
Bowel : 2 times / day
Micturition : 5-6 times /day
18. EXAMINATION:
• EAR:
External Auditory Canal - B/L Moderate Creamish Yellow Discharge present
• Moderate Pulsatile discharge
• Non-foul smelling
Tympanic Membrane – B/L Perforation
• Left :A small central perforation in the Antero inferior Quadrant.
• Right: Medium size central perforation.
• Hearing Test:
• Rinne test was negative.
• Weber test was lateralized to affected side and ABC was normal. Which shows Mild
Conductive Deafness.
19. • NOSE:
Nasal Mucosa – Mild inflamed
Left side Nasal septum Deviation
• THROAT:
Ant. And Post. Pillar – Mild Congested
P.P.W- Mild Congested
20. S.N. Type of Drug Drug Dose Anupana/Sahpana
1. Compound Drug Sitopaladi Churna–3 gm
Haridra Churna–2 gm
Trikatu Churna–500 mg
5 gm Twice a day After Meal Honey
2 Single Drug Yastimadhu Ghanvati 3–4 Tab. in whole day for
Chusanarthe.
-----
3 Single Drug Sarivadi Vati 2 tab. Twice a day After Meal Ushnodaka
4 Single Drug Gandhak Rasayan Tab. 2 tab. Twice a day After Meal -----
5 Karna Dhupan
(Ear Fumigation)
Guggalu, Sarjras, Agru,
Vacha, Lavan Nimb Patra,
Gaur Sarshap, Ghrit.
Twice a day ------
TREATMENT:
21. PATHYAPATHYA CHART :
Pathya Apathya
Aahara
• Grains: One Year Old Grains, Kulatha
• Pulses: Mung, Urad
• Vegetables: Kankoda, Sarsav, Mulak, Lahsun,
• Green Vegetables: Spinach, Fenugreek, Suva,Matla
• Fruits: Badar, Dadim, Kele, Mosambi, Amla, Nimbu, Harde.
• Milk Dish: Cow Ghee–Milk, Butter
• Others: Saindhav, Puran Madhu, Marich
• Pulses: Chickpeas, Peas, Samo
• Contraindicated food–All sour fruits with Milk–Meat–Onion–
Garlic–Radish–Carrot–Jaggery– With Basil, Ginger, Curd
with–Radish, Sesame, Garlic, Urad, Milk, Jaggery with–Sesame,
Banana,With Ghee Equal Parts Honey
• Other: Curd, Fish, Sour–Spicy Food
Vihara
• Drink cow's ghee mixed with fresh milk.
• Keeping silence
• Rest
• Karna Abhyanga: Massaging the ears withLuke warm oil.
• Consumption of dew point
• Bathe by dipping/pouring water on the head.
• Ear bud put In the ear
• Cleaning teeth with Dantun
• Anger, grief
• Anxiety
• Cool water/atmosphere
• Fasting
• More exercise
• Alcohol consumption
22. Gradations
Grades
Features
0 1 2 3
Ear Discharge Absent
Mild–scanty
secretion near the
tympanic membrane
Moderate–secretion irritating in
the ear canal
Profuse–secretion coming outof
ear canal
Pain Absent Not continuous
Continuous but not hamper
normal activity
Continuous throughout and
hamper normal activity
Itching Absent Occasional Continuous Mild Continues Sever
Hearing Loss Absent
Unable to hear the
whispering voice
Unable to hear normal voice Unable to hear a loud voice
Tinitus Absent Present ------------ ------------
Heaviness Absent Present ------------ ------------
Nasal
Discharge
Absent Present ------------ ------------
24. FOLLOW UP:
• The patient came regularly in interval of 7 days for 1 month.
• After completion of treatment there was no recurrence for 3 month, General
health of patient get improved by supporting treatment.
26. • According to Ayurveda classics, Vata Dosha is responsible for
Karnastrav in which Strav is the main symptom.
• One of the most important features of Ruksha sweda (Dry heat) is
dryness.
• Hence in Karnastrav, Karna Dhupan is a choice of treatment because
it not only dries up the Strav but also creates the unfavorable
condition for the growth of microbes. The fumes of Dhupan may
bring out the sedative effect and dries up the Strav.
• Heat also helps in vasodilatation and increased blood circulation
thereby helping in better absorption of drugs and healing.
• This Rakshoghna Drvavya drugs also having Anti-Fungal, Anti-
Bacterial, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti- Septic and Anti-Spasmodic
properties that helps to pacify the Dosha of Karna and helps to
reduce discharge.
WHY KARNA DHUPAN ?
27. Mode of Actions of Internal medications:
Sitopaladi Churna
Haridra Churna
Trikatu Churna
Combine work on
Tridosha
Helps to reduce
Inflammation and
pain
Reduce Nasal
Discharge and
heaviness of Head.
Yastimadhu Ghanvati
Madhur Rasa, Guru and Snigdha
Guna,
Madhur Vipaka and Sheeta
Virya and Sandhaniya,
Kandughna Karma
Helps internally to treat
Nasastrav and Karna kandu.
Also having Anti-
inflammatory, Anti-Viral,
Anti Allergic, healing
properties which helps to
subside the Inflammation
and congestion of nose and
Throat
Sarivadi Vati
Acts on Vata, Pitta and
Kapha Doshas
Useful in tinnitus,
ear infection and
chronic respiratory
diseases
Gandhaka Rasayana
Kandughna Properties
and bestowed with
powerful healing
properties including
Analgesic that reduces
tenderness and pain of
soft tissues.
28. CONCLUSION:
Karnastrava (ASOM) is disease which may lead to severe complications such as Putikarna,
CSOM and Cholestetoma.
The results of the study on Rakshoghna Dravya Dhupan with internal medications For the
management of Karnastrav have been extremely encouraging.
The study demonstrates that Rakshoghna Dravya Dhupan is an effective treatment for the
management of Karnastrav. Furthermore, it is easy to use and does not require any complicated
preparation.
Considering all aspects of Karnastrav External Treatment and Internal formulation aid in the
management of Karnastrav, It has been observed that it helps in reducing the symptoms of the
discharge, perforation, and impaired hearing. It was also found to be helpful in improving the
overall quality of life of the patients suffering from this condition.
The mode of treatment was found to be cost effective, safe and ease to implement.