This document provides an overview of entomology, the study of insects. It discusses the various fields within entomology such as morphology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy, and economic entomology. It also explains why insects are important to study and lists some reasons for their success as a group. Finally, it describes the classification of insects, defining key terms and outlining the major orders of insects based on their characteristics.
This document discusses insect morphology and classification. It defines entomology as the study of insects and notes they have three body segments and three pairs of legs. Major classes of arthropods are described including characteristics of orders like Apterygota, Pterygota, Hemiptera, Odonata, Orthoptera, Isoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Hymenoptera. Insect leg types are outlined including cursorial, saltatorial, raptorial, natatorial, and fossorial. Metamorphosis is defined as the physical development of an animal after birth/hatching.
Entomology is the study of insects. Insects have three body segments - head, thorax, and abdomen. They belong to the phylum Arthropoda, whose members have jointed appendages, an exoskeleton, and segmented bodies. The major classes of arthropods are crustaceans, myriapoda, arachnids, and insects. Insects are divided into two subclasses - Apterygota, which lack wings, and Pterygota, which are winged or secondarily wingless. Important orders of insects discussed include Hemiptera, Odonata, Orthoptera, Isoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, and
Insects play important roles in ecosystems through pollination, decomposition, and as a food source. They can be beneficial or harmful depending on the situation. Insects are classified scientifically with a two-part Latin name at the genus and species levels. Their bodies have three main regions - head, thorax, and abdomen - and they undergo different life cycles ranging from incomplete to complete metamorphosis. Internally, insects have organ systems adapted for digestion, circulation, nerves, and respiration via tracheae, though these differ significantly from human and other mammal systems.
- The document provides information on the course "Introductory Entomology" including the course code, credit hours, and an introduction to the definition and study of insects.
- It defines entomology and its branches, and provides characteristics of the class Insecta including their body structure, respiratory and excretory systems.
- Reasons for the dominance of insects over other animals include their large numbers, widespread distribution, small size, flight ability, reproduction rates, and protective adaptations. Insects play both beneficial roles such as pollination and biocontrol, as well as harmful roles as agricultural pests.
This document provides information about classification of organisms. It discusses the key features used to classify organisms into taxonomic groups such as species, genera, kingdoms. It outlines several kingdoms including Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista and Prokaryota. Within the animal kingdom, it describes characteristics of major phyla including arthropods, chordates and their classes. It also discusses the binomial nomenclature system and provides examples of scientific names.
This document provides information about the classification and characteristics of mammals. It begins with an overview of the infraclass Eutheria, or placental mammals, noting the key role of the placenta in allowing longer gestation. It then details three orders of mammals as examples: Insectivora, Xenarthra, and Chiroptera (bats). For each order, it describes general physical traits, habitat, behavior and other distinguishing characteristics. The document concludes with an overview of the order Primates, their traits and suborders.
This document provides an overview of entomology, the study of insects. It discusses the various fields within entomology such as morphology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy, and economic entomology. It also explains why insects are important to study and lists some reasons for their success as a group. Finally, it describes the classification of insects, defining key terms and outlining the major orders of insects based on their characteristics.
This document discusses insect morphology and classification. It defines entomology as the study of insects and notes they have three body segments and three pairs of legs. Major classes of arthropods are described including characteristics of orders like Apterygota, Pterygota, Hemiptera, Odonata, Orthoptera, Isoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Hymenoptera. Insect leg types are outlined including cursorial, saltatorial, raptorial, natatorial, and fossorial. Metamorphosis is defined as the physical development of an animal after birth/hatching.
Entomology is the study of insects. Insects have three body segments - head, thorax, and abdomen. They belong to the phylum Arthropoda, whose members have jointed appendages, an exoskeleton, and segmented bodies. The major classes of arthropods are crustaceans, myriapoda, arachnids, and insects. Insects are divided into two subclasses - Apterygota, which lack wings, and Pterygota, which are winged or secondarily wingless. Important orders of insects discussed include Hemiptera, Odonata, Orthoptera, Isoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, and
Insects play important roles in ecosystems through pollination, decomposition, and as a food source. They can be beneficial or harmful depending on the situation. Insects are classified scientifically with a two-part Latin name at the genus and species levels. Their bodies have three main regions - head, thorax, and abdomen - and they undergo different life cycles ranging from incomplete to complete metamorphosis. Internally, insects have organ systems adapted for digestion, circulation, nerves, and respiration via tracheae, though these differ significantly from human and other mammal systems.
- The document provides information on the course "Introductory Entomology" including the course code, credit hours, and an introduction to the definition and study of insects.
- It defines entomology and its branches, and provides characteristics of the class Insecta including their body structure, respiratory and excretory systems.
- Reasons for the dominance of insects over other animals include their large numbers, widespread distribution, small size, flight ability, reproduction rates, and protective adaptations. Insects play both beneficial roles such as pollination and biocontrol, as well as harmful roles as agricultural pests.
This document provides information about classification of organisms. It discusses the key features used to classify organisms into taxonomic groups such as species, genera, kingdoms. It outlines several kingdoms including Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista and Prokaryota. Within the animal kingdom, it describes characteristics of major phyla including arthropods, chordates and their classes. It also discusses the binomial nomenclature system and provides examples of scientific names.
This document provides information about the classification and characteristics of mammals. It begins with an overview of the infraclass Eutheria, or placental mammals, noting the key role of the placenta in allowing longer gestation. It then details three orders of mammals as examples: Insectivora, Xenarthra, and Chiroptera (bats). For each order, it describes general physical traits, habitat, behavior and other distinguishing characteristics. The document concludes with an overview of the order Primates, their traits and suborders.
- The document discusses the classification of insects into orders. It describes the key characteristics of several major insect orders including Protura, Diplura, Collembola, Thysanura, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Plecoptera, Grylloblattoidea, Orthoptera, Phasmida, Dermaptera, Embioptera, Dictyoptera and others. Many orders are described in terms of their physical features, habitat, life cycle and behavior. The classification of insects into subclasses Apterygota and Pterygota is also summarized.
Hemiptera, commonly known as true bugs, is an order of insects characterized by their piercing and sucking mouthparts.
There are over 6000 described species of Hemiptera that vary greatly in size and habitat. They exhibit incomplete or "simple" metamorphosis, progressing from egg to nymph to adult. Nymphs resemble wingless adults.
Hemiptera are divided into three suborders - Heteroptera contain true bugs like bed bugs and water bugs, Auchenorrhyncha contain plant-feeding insects like cicadas and leafhoppers, and Sternorrhyncha contain sap-sucking insects like aphids and scales. Each suborder shares
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS
KINGDOM ANIMALIA
The kingdom Animalia is large and compose of a wide variety animals, which vary greatly in structure,morphology and their body function.
THE DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS
Animals are multicellular and each cell is bound by a plasma membrane.
Animals bodies are differentiated into tissues
Animals are heterotrophic.
Animals are capable of locomotion.
Animals have a nervous system
Butterflies are a group of insects belonging to the order Lepidoptera. They have colorful wings and undergo complete metamorphosis from egg to larva to pupa to adult. There are over 150,000 butterfly species worldwide, with five families found in the Western Ghats region of India. Butterflies play an important ecological role as pollinators and as prey. Their populations are under threat from habitat loss so conservation efforts focus on protecting forests and grasslands.
Arthropoda is coming under the Kingdom of animals,
Arthropoda is the largest group of animals. These found everywhere on the Earth.
GK. artho = jointed ; podos = foot
This document provides an overview of the course Introductory Entomology (ENT-302). It defines entomology as the scientific study of insects and defines key characteristics of insects including their three-part body plan of head, thorax, and abdomen. The document also discusses the basic insect body plan, different types of insects, insect classification, characteristics of the phylum Arthropoda, classes within Arthropoda including insects, and comparisons of insects versus arachnids. It provides examples of insect metamorphosis and the success of insects.
The document discusses key aspects of insect anatomy, classification, life cycles, and roles in the environment. It covers the main body parts and systems of insects, the four main types of insect life cycles including complete and incomplete metamorphosis, and how insects are classified into taxonomic groups from kingdom to species. It also notes that while some insects can be harmful, most play important ecological roles such as pollination, food production, and decomposition.
Invertebrates make up 95% of animal species and occupy nearly all habitats. They include animals without backbones like sponges, jellyfish, starfish, worms, snails, insects and arachnids. Invertebrates have features like exoskeletons, diverse sensory organs and reproductive strategies including asexual reproduction. Common invertebrate groups include sponges, cnidarians, mollusks, worms, crustaceans, insects and arachnids.
This document summarizes the key characteristics of the animal kingdom. It describes that animals are made of cells that form tissues and organs. Most animals obtain food by eating other organisms as herbivores, carnivores, or omnivores. It then discusses the main animal phyla including porifera, cnidaria, platyhelminthes, nematoda, mollusca, annelida, arthropoda, echinodermata, hemichordata, and chordata. For each phylum, it provides 1-2 defining characteristics and examples. The document focuses most on chordata, describing the seven classes of vertebrates: agnatha, chondrichthyes, osteichthyes
The document discusses the phylum Arthropoda, which includes insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and others. It describes their key characteristics, including a jointed exoskeleton, bilateral symmetry, and bodies divided into segments. Arthropods live in many habitats and have adaptations for respiration, circulation, reproduction, and other functions. The largest class is Insecta, including over 750,000 species, while other classes include crustaceans, centipedes, millipedes, and arachnids. Common examples of arthropods from each class are also provided.
This document describes the class Insecta and provides details about their characteristics, subclasses, and orders. Some key points:
1. Insects have three body regions (head, thorax, abdomen), three pairs of legs, and one or two pairs of wings as adults. They undergo incomplete or complete metamorphosis.
2. The subclasses are Apterygota (wingless) and Pterygota (winged). Apterygota undergo primitive metamorphosis while Pterygota undergo incomplete or complete metamorphosis.
3. The orders described include common insects like mayflies, dragonflies, beetles, butterflies, ants, and more. They are classified
This document provides an overview of animal classification. It describes the six invertebrate phyla - Cnidaria, Flatworms, Nemates, Annelids, Molluscs, and Arthropods. It also describes the five vertebrate classes - Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals. Key distinguishing characteristics are provided for each group, including their physical features, life cycles, and habitats. The document also discusses endothermy and exothermy in animals.
This document outlines the key competencies students should achieve in Biology and Health Sciences by the end of S2. It covers 15 units addressing topics like classifying animals, environmental biology, cell transport processes, food testing, enzymes, photosynthesis, plant transport systems, gas exchange, excretion, joints, infectious diseases, disease prevention, sexual health, and reproduction. The document also provides details on classifying the animal kingdom, focusing on the characteristics of chordates and the phylum Arthropoda. It describes adaptations of fish, birds, and arthropods to their environments.
This document provides an overview of insects, including:
- There are over 1.1 million known insect species, with many more still undiscovered, making insects the most successful and widespread animal group.
- Insects were one of the first terrestrial animal groups, adapting to land over 390 million years ago before most other animals.
- Insects have small bodies, typically under 2.5 cm, but range in size from under 1 mm to over 25 cm. They are found in nearly all habitats on Earth.
Arthropods are characterized by their jointed exoskeleton and limbs, and segmented bodies. They include insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and extinct groups like trilobites. The largest phylum of animals, arthropods have adapted to nearly all environments. Their success is due to traits like their tough exoskeleton, segmented body, and jointed legs adapted to many modes of life.
FEY Lec. 3 RKP_Importance of class insecta.pptRajuPanse
The document discusses the class Insecta, describing their key characteristics including three body parts (head, thorax, abdomen), compound eyes, trachea respiration, and undergoing metamorphosis. It outlines the 31 orders of insects, divided into 4 apterygota and 27 pterygota orders. The lecture emphasizes both the beneficial and detrimental effects of insects, highlighting their importance as pollinators, food sources, and use in research, as well as some insects being parasites, disease vectors, or destroying crops and structures.
This document provides information on the five-kingdom system of classification of living organisms:
1. Kingdom Protista includes unicellular eukaryotic organisms like algae and protozoa.
2. Kingdom Fungi includes multicellular organisms like molds, mushrooms and yeasts that feed by absorbing nutrients.
3. Kingdom Plantae includes multicellular photosynthetic organisms ranging from mosses to trees.
4. Kingdom Animalia includes multicellular heterotrophic organisms like sponges, jellyfish, insects, fish and humans.
5. Kingdom Monera was proposed for prokaryotic organisms but is now recognized as not forming a natural group.
This document discusses the classification of living organisms into taxonomic groups from the broadest domains down to specific species. It covers the five kingdoms of life proposed by Whitaker (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia) and modifications made by Woese. Key details are provided on classification within the plant and animal kingdoms, describing distinguishing characteristics of major groups like thallophytes, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms, porifera, coelenterates, platyhelminthes, nematodes, annelids, arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms, protochordates, and verte
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Contenu connexe
Similaire à Chapter 1: introduction to plant entomology
- The document discusses the classification of insects into orders. It describes the key characteristics of several major insect orders including Protura, Diplura, Collembola, Thysanura, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, Plecoptera, Grylloblattoidea, Orthoptera, Phasmida, Dermaptera, Embioptera, Dictyoptera and others. Many orders are described in terms of their physical features, habitat, life cycle and behavior. The classification of insects into subclasses Apterygota and Pterygota is also summarized.
Hemiptera, commonly known as true bugs, is an order of insects characterized by their piercing and sucking mouthparts.
There are over 6000 described species of Hemiptera that vary greatly in size and habitat. They exhibit incomplete or "simple" metamorphosis, progressing from egg to nymph to adult. Nymphs resemble wingless adults.
Hemiptera are divided into three suborders - Heteroptera contain true bugs like bed bugs and water bugs, Auchenorrhyncha contain plant-feeding insects like cicadas and leafhoppers, and Sternorrhyncha contain sap-sucking insects like aphids and scales. Each suborder shares
CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS
KINGDOM ANIMALIA
The kingdom Animalia is large and compose of a wide variety animals, which vary greatly in structure,morphology and their body function.
THE DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERS
Animals are multicellular and each cell is bound by a plasma membrane.
Animals bodies are differentiated into tissues
Animals are heterotrophic.
Animals are capable of locomotion.
Animals have a nervous system
Butterflies are a group of insects belonging to the order Lepidoptera. They have colorful wings and undergo complete metamorphosis from egg to larva to pupa to adult. There are over 150,000 butterfly species worldwide, with five families found in the Western Ghats region of India. Butterflies play an important ecological role as pollinators and as prey. Their populations are under threat from habitat loss so conservation efforts focus on protecting forests and grasslands.
Arthropoda is coming under the Kingdom of animals,
Arthropoda is the largest group of animals. These found everywhere on the Earth.
GK. artho = jointed ; podos = foot
This document provides an overview of the course Introductory Entomology (ENT-302). It defines entomology as the scientific study of insects and defines key characteristics of insects including their three-part body plan of head, thorax, and abdomen. The document also discusses the basic insect body plan, different types of insects, insect classification, characteristics of the phylum Arthropoda, classes within Arthropoda including insects, and comparisons of insects versus arachnids. It provides examples of insect metamorphosis and the success of insects.
The document discusses key aspects of insect anatomy, classification, life cycles, and roles in the environment. It covers the main body parts and systems of insects, the four main types of insect life cycles including complete and incomplete metamorphosis, and how insects are classified into taxonomic groups from kingdom to species. It also notes that while some insects can be harmful, most play important ecological roles such as pollination, food production, and decomposition.
Invertebrates make up 95% of animal species and occupy nearly all habitats. They include animals without backbones like sponges, jellyfish, starfish, worms, snails, insects and arachnids. Invertebrates have features like exoskeletons, diverse sensory organs and reproductive strategies including asexual reproduction. Common invertebrate groups include sponges, cnidarians, mollusks, worms, crustaceans, insects and arachnids.
This document summarizes the key characteristics of the animal kingdom. It describes that animals are made of cells that form tissues and organs. Most animals obtain food by eating other organisms as herbivores, carnivores, or omnivores. It then discusses the main animal phyla including porifera, cnidaria, platyhelminthes, nematoda, mollusca, annelida, arthropoda, echinodermata, hemichordata, and chordata. For each phylum, it provides 1-2 defining characteristics and examples. The document focuses most on chordata, describing the seven classes of vertebrates: agnatha, chondrichthyes, osteichthyes
The document discusses the phylum Arthropoda, which includes insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and others. It describes their key characteristics, including a jointed exoskeleton, bilateral symmetry, and bodies divided into segments. Arthropods live in many habitats and have adaptations for respiration, circulation, reproduction, and other functions. The largest class is Insecta, including over 750,000 species, while other classes include crustaceans, centipedes, millipedes, and arachnids. Common examples of arthropods from each class are also provided.
This document describes the class Insecta and provides details about their characteristics, subclasses, and orders. Some key points:
1. Insects have three body regions (head, thorax, abdomen), three pairs of legs, and one or two pairs of wings as adults. They undergo incomplete or complete metamorphosis.
2. The subclasses are Apterygota (wingless) and Pterygota (winged). Apterygota undergo primitive metamorphosis while Pterygota undergo incomplete or complete metamorphosis.
3. The orders described include common insects like mayflies, dragonflies, beetles, butterflies, ants, and more. They are classified
This document provides an overview of animal classification. It describes the six invertebrate phyla - Cnidaria, Flatworms, Nemates, Annelids, Molluscs, and Arthropods. It also describes the five vertebrate classes - Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals. Key distinguishing characteristics are provided for each group, including their physical features, life cycles, and habitats. The document also discusses endothermy and exothermy in animals.
This document outlines the key competencies students should achieve in Biology and Health Sciences by the end of S2. It covers 15 units addressing topics like classifying animals, environmental biology, cell transport processes, food testing, enzymes, photosynthesis, plant transport systems, gas exchange, excretion, joints, infectious diseases, disease prevention, sexual health, and reproduction. The document also provides details on classifying the animal kingdom, focusing on the characteristics of chordates and the phylum Arthropoda. It describes adaptations of fish, birds, and arthropods to their environments.
This document provides an overview of insects, including:
- There are over 1.1 million known insect species, with many more still undiscovered, making insects the most successful and widespread animal group.
- Insects were one of the first terrestrial animal groups, adapting to land over 390 million years ago before most other animals.
- Insects have small bodies, typically under 2.5 cm, but range in size from under 1 mm to over 25 cm. They are found in nearly all habitats on Earth.
Arthropods are characterized by their jointed exoskeleton and limbs, and segmented bodies. They include insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and extinct groups like trilobites. The largest phylum of animals, arthropods have adapted to nearly all environments. Their success is due to traits like their tough exoskeleton, segmented body, and jointed legs adapted to many modes of life.
FEY Lec. 3 RKP_Importance of class insecta.pptRajuPanse
The document discusses the class Insecta, describing their key characteristics including three body parts (head, thorax, abdomen), compound eyes, trachea respiration, and undergoing metamorphosis. It outlines the 31 orders of insects, divided into 4 apterygota and 27 pterygota orders. The lecture emphasizes both the beneficial and detrimental effects of insects, highlighting their importance as pollinators, food sources, and use in research, as well as some insects being parasites, disease vectors, or destroying crops and structures.
This document provides information on the five-kingdom system of classification of living organisms:
1. Kingdom Protista includes unicellular eukaryotic organisms like algae and protozoa.
2. Kingdom Fungi includes multicellular organisms like molds, mushrooms and yeasts that feed by absorbing nutrients.
3. Kingdom Plantae includes multicellular photosynthetic organisms ranging from mosses to trees.
4. Kingdom Animalia includes multicellular heterotrophic organisms like sponges, jellyfish, insects, fish and humans.
5. Kingdom Monera was proposed for prokaryotic organisms but is now recognized as not forming a natural group.
This document discusses the classification of living organisms into taxonomic groups from the broadest domains down to specific species. It covers the five kingdoms of life proposed by Whitaker (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia) and modifications made by Woese. Key details are provided on classification within the plant and animal kingdoms, describing distinguishing characteristics of major groups like thallophytes, bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms, porifera, coelenterates, platyhelminthes, nematodes, annelids, arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms, protochordates, and verte
Similaire à Chapter 1: introduction to plant entomology (20)
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...Diana Rendina
Librarians are leading the way in creating future-ready citizens – now we need to update our spaces to match. In this session, attendees will get inspiration for transforming their library spaces. You’ll learn how to survey students and patrons, create a focus group, and use design thinking to brainstorm ideas for your space. We’ll discuss budget friendly ways to change your space as well as how to find funding. No matter where you’re at, you’ll find ideas for reimagining your space in this session.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
2. Insects are important to everyone, they are found
almost any place and on almost everything. As you
become more familiar with
insects, you will be fascinated with the wide variety of
forms and their ways of life. Many people have made
the collection and
identification of insects a useful hobby, others have
made this science of insect study their life work.
The study of insects is a science called entomology.
A person who studies insects is called an
entomologist.
3. Insects have three pairs of legs and no internal
skeleton (bones). The external skeleton (exoskeleton)
is a waxy, durable, flexible
substance called CHITIN. Because of the unusually
stable character of this exoskeleton, insects can be
kept for many years without
preservation, and still retain a lifelike appearance after
death.
4.
5. 1. The head
2. The thorax
3. The abdomen
The head bears the eyes, the antennae and mouth
parts.
The next division behind the head is the thorax;
attached to it are the wings and legs.
The third part is the abdomen. Here we find the
spiracles or openings through which insects breathe.
6. Insects as pollinators. Insects pollinate many of our fruits, flowers, and vegetables. We
would not have much of the produce that we enjoy and rely on without the pollinating
services of insects.
Many insects are predatory or parasitic, either on plants or on other insects or animals,
including people. Such insects are important in nature to help keep pest populations (insects
or weeds) at a tolerable level. We call this the balance of nature. Predatory and parasitic
insects are very valuable when they attack other animals or plants that we consider to be
pests.
Insects are very important as primary or secondary decomposers. Without insects to help
break down and dispose of wastes, dead animals and plants would accumulate in our
environment and pollution happen.
They are the sole food source for many amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. hey are a
rich source of protein, vitamins, and minerals.
9. Characteristics of the Class: INSECTA
1. The body is divided into 3 distinct regions:
a) The head –
b) The thorax – with 3 pairs of legs; 1 or 2 pairs of
wings
c) The abdomen – with spiracles
2. Segmented body
3. Chitinous Exoskeleton – “armour” for protection,
moisture retention, muscle attachment
4. Have 3 (three) pairs of legs
10.
11. A. Classification of insect based on orientation of the
head in relation with the position of the mouthparts:
1. Hypognathus – mouthparts hung vertically from the
head capsule (mouthparts pointed downwards)
2. Prognathus – mouthparts directed anteriorly (pointed
forward)
3. Opisthognathus – mouthparts directed
ventroposteriorly (downward and backwards)
12.
13. B. Classification based on types of mouthparts:
The mouthparts can be broadly divided into 2 groups:
1. Chewing mouthparts (mandibulate mouthparts) –
generally adapted to chewing activities with the
mandibles act as cutting and grinding structures eg.
Predaceous beetles
2. Sucking mouthparts (haustellate mouthparts):
2 types:
a. Stylate haustellate
b. Non-stylate haustellate
14. Haustellate mouthparts:
• generally adapted for sucking activities of various
sorts
•Many are characterized by the presence of the
stylets which are needle-like or with saw-like
modifications
•Stylets may be formed from a combination of one or
more of the mouthparts and the hypopharynx
•Not all haustellate mouthparts have piercing stylets
eg. Butterflies, moths, muscoid flies
15.
16.
17. Typical mouthparts consist of:
1. The anterior upper lip called the labrum
2. the hypopharynx (tongue)
3. a pair of mandibles (primary jaws)
4. A pair of maxillae ( secondary jaws)
5. A posterior lower lip called the labium
18. C. Classification by types of antenna
•Paired antennae are located between and in front of
the eyes
•Function of antennae is sensory;
•They vary in form and size and have considerable
value in identification in certain families and
•some to differentiate the sexes e.g. mosquitoes
•Usually described as being of a particular type
(capitate) or combination of types (capitate-lamellate)
•In some insects they function as grasping structure to
grab the prey
19.
20. D. Classification by types of legs
• Typically for movement – walking or running
• Most have been extensively modified
a. Cursorial - adapted for running and walking
b. Fossorial - adapted for digging, heavily
sclerotized forelegs eg. Mole cricket, nymphs of
cicadas
c. Raptorial - modified for grabbing and holding
prey; forelegs for grasping eg. Praying mantis
d. Saltorial - adapted for jumping; Femora of hind
legs enlarged to accommodate muscle for jumping
eg. Grasshoppers
e. Natatorial - adapted for swimming; presence of
“swimming hairs”.
21.
22.
23. E. Classification by type of wings
•Insects may bear a single pair of wings or two pairs or
non at all
•Many wingless insects are grouped with the winged
insects on the basis of developmental and morphological
similarities
•Wing sizes vary from very small (wasps, flies) to very
large (large butterflies and moths)
•Venation – because of variation in wing venations, they
are used as a source of taxonomic characters
24. Wing Venation, Function & Texture
Because of variation, wing venation has been used as
a taxonomic character
Venation ranges from extensively reduced and
simplified (wasps) to highly complex (dragonflies)
most obvious function is for flight
In some insects (beetles) the forewings modified into
hard elytra (elytron) protecting the membranous hind
wings
In some the forewings are partly hardened –
hemelytra or “half elytra”
In Orthoptera, tegmen is present to protect the hind
wings
In true flies, the hindwings are highly modified into
Halteres (balancing organ) for flight stability
25.
26. Species are not created as “pests.
Animals or plants that are in places or at times where humans do not want them to
be are considered pests.
It is necessary to understand the role of invertebrate species in ecosystems.
In most cases, small numbers of pest insect species can be tolerated without
significant crop damage. However, when insect populations reach a threshold level,
cumulative damage from many thousands of insects becomes unacceptable.
Besides, even the most insignificant pest can become a major problem if present in
high enough numbers.