Climate can impact personal health and physical activity. During exercise, the body produces heat and perspires to cool down and prevent overheating. Not maintaining proper fluid balance can lead to issues like dehydration, heat cramps from losing salt and water, and heat exhaustion or heat stroke from the body not cooling effectively. To avoid heat-related injuries, one should acclimate to weather conditions slowly, stay hydrated by rehydrating with fluid intake, wear loose lightweight clothing, and be aware of heat stress indexes that measure heat and humidity effects. Physical activity in extreme cold can also pose risks like hypothermia from low body temperature, frostbite from freezing tissues, and extra chill from wind speed factored in with temperature

1. Chapter 2 Lesson 2

2. Environmental Conditions and Physical Activity Climate is a potential factor in personal health and fitness especially for people who are physically active or play sports.

3. Extreme Heat and Fluid Balance During physical activity your body produces heat that causes your body temperature to rise above normal. To prevent overheating your body perspires which cools your body down. Fluid Balance – The body's ability to balance the amounts of fluid taken in with the amounts lost through perspiration or excretion. Dehydration – Body fluid loss

4. Heat Cramps Muscle spasms resulting from the loss of large amounts of salt and water through perspiration. Heat Exhaustion An overeating of the body resulting from cold clammy skin and symptoms of shock. Heat stroke A condition in which the body can no longer rid itself of heat through perspiration.

5. How To Avoid Heat Related Injury Acclimatization Allowing your body to adapt slowly to weather conditions. Fluid Intake Rehydrate Restore lost water Clothing Choose lightweight materials such as cotton fabrics loose fitting and light in color. Heat stress index A scientific measure of the combined effects of heat and humidity on the body.

6. Physical Activity in Extreme Cold Hypothermia A condition in which your body temperature drops below normal. Frostbite Tissue damaged from freezing. Wind Chill Factor Combined influence of wind and temperature on the body.