The document provides an overview of CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture). It discusses that CORBA is an object-oriented platform for client-server distributed applications. It also describes the Object Management Group that publishes CORBA specifications, the history and evolution of CORBA standards over time, the architecture and key components of CORBA including objects, servants, stubs, skeletons and the ORB (Object Request Broker). Some common applications and advantages/disadvantages of CORBA are also summarized.

1. Overview of CORBA

2. INTRODUCTION
The full form of CORBA is the Common Object Request Broker
Architecture and it is an object-oriented platform of client and server
and along with it, it is a distributed form. It has the additional features
and few of them are as follows:
• The object services like naming services or trading services.
• It has the Remote Procedure Call i.e. RPC technique which is an
object oriented.
• It has the set of rules which have the parameter of
interoperability.
• It has the patterns and guidelines of programs.
• It also has the mapping of languages of distinct programming
languages.
The CORBA has replaced many ad-hoc and unique purpose
techniques like the socket communication.

3. Object Management
Group
• The OMG is the abbreviation of the object management
group and it was formed in the year of 1989 to make the
specifications for the open distributed computing. It is the
world’s largest collection of programs and has nearly 800
organizations as the member, the object management
group publishes the specifications and those are of no
change. The sellers of the CORBA applied sciences do not
give the royalty to the object management group.

4. History of CORBA
• The object management group was organized in the year of 1989
and it was started with a group of eight members, it uses to
furnish a usual framework of architecture for the applications like
object-oriented. Now, coming to the object management
architecture i.e. OMA, it is a group of standards that release the
usual architectural framework that has the applications built on it.
The role of the CORBA in the object management architecture is
to put in active in the functions of ORB.
• CORBA1.0: The CORBA1.0 was launched in the year of 1990
and in the month of December, just one year it CORBA1.1 was
launched in the year of 1991.

5. • CORBA2.0 and IIOP: CORBA 1.x was a vital initial step in
furnishing the interoperability of the distributed objects but it was
not a total specification. Well, it furnished the levels for IDL and
also for approaching an ORB via an application but it has the
main limitation of not specifying a standard set of rules by which
ORBs cane exchange the information with one another. Due to
this, the CORBA object request broker from one seller was not
able to exchange information with an object request broker from
another seller. The CORBA2.0 was taken up in the year of 1994
and in the month of December, the important refinement was in
defining a standard set of rule and by using that an object request
broker from any CORBA seller can exchange the data and this
rule nothing but the IIOP.

6. Architecture of CORBA

7. Components of CORBA
The important components of the CORBA ORB are as follows:
• Object
• Servant
• CORBA IDL stubs and skeletons
• Object request broker i.e. ORB
• Client
• Object adapter
• Object request broker interface
• Dynamic invocation interface i.e. DII
• Dynamic skeleton interface i.e. DSI

8. The Foremost CORBA Application
• This explains about the advancement process of CORBA application and
also about the programs that operate on the system of client. The
advancement process of the CORBA has the following phases:
• Initially, we need to design and write the interfaces of the object.
• In the next step, should produce the stubs and skeletons and along with it
the necessary things.
• After this, have to write the implementations of the server object.
• In this step, we have to avail the client-side JAVA compiler.
• Well, here we have to publish a name for the objects that are directly
accessible.
• The next step includes the client side writing of the application.
• After this should compile the written client code by availing the JDK java
compiler.
• In the final step, we have to load the compiled things in the oracle8i
database.

9. Applications of CORBA
• Internet Solutions
Its main application is with JAVA for offering useful
internet solutions. It allows users to download JAVA
applets in a variety of languages.
• 3-Tire Architecture
There is a CGI bottleneck avoided by the CORBA that
lets the clients invoke methods on the server. It is
very helpful for creating excellent 3-Tire architecture.

10. Advantages of CORBA
• CORBA supports various languages and
also the object orientation.
• The CORBA produces a competition
among the sellers and it is backed by the
700 companies like hardware companies,
software companies, banks and much
more.
• It has the ability to take the work out of
the distributed programming.

11. Disadvantages of CORBA
• The CORBA is a developing technology and it is totally not
matured.
• It does not have many parameters that are necessary for
the large scale application.
• C CORBA2.0 does not have the sufficient security
features.
Thus, it has the substantial cost of performance and due to it,
it is not appropriate for activating communication services of
the high performance.