SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
Access to health in the context of antimicrobial resistance
Presented by Ayako Ebata
Institute of Development Studies
University of Sussex, UK
THET Annual Conference 2017
23 October, 2017
Background: antimicrobial resistance and poor people
• Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in humans and animals: a global public health issue
Resistant genes travel among humans, animals and ecosystem
• Implications for the poor:
Increased duration and cost of medical treatment
Limited access to last resource drugs
Inappropriate prescribing, driving more resistance
Decreased profitability of livestock production
• Driving forces behind AMR in developing countries:
Weak health systems (both humans and animals)
Pluralistic health systems
Financial resources of patients to receive quality health care
The structure of pharmaceutical industries
Government policies
2
Case study: Myanmar’s Yangon region
• Weak health systems (both humans and animals)
Limited diagnostic capacity in regional hospitals and veterinary clinics
 patients are sent to a public hospital in Yangon, diagnosis and treatment delayed
 symptom based prescription
Limited number of graduates with medical/veterinary qualifications
 only 1,000 official veterinarians exist in the whole country
 antimicrobials can be purchased off the counter at village shops
 shopkeepers with varying knowledge and training in medicine advice customers
the quantity and duration of medicine to be applied for both humans and animals
3
Case study: Myanmar’s Yangon region
• Pluralistic health systems
The poor rely on public hospitals while the rich pay for world-class medical care
(e.g. medical tourism to Thailand)
Private clinics are more expensive but provide faster services than public clinics
Public sector practitioners operate private clinics  create bias toward serving in
cities than rural areas
• Financial resources of patients to receive quality health care
Close relationship between income cycle and health care access
Cost not limited to medical treatment but transportation
 rural-urban bias
Readily available antimicrobials as a quick and cheap remedy
4
Case study: Myanmar’s Yangon region
• The structure of pharmaceutical industries
AMR as a public health issue: without regulatory framework, pharmaceutical industry is
not held accountable
Commercial interest in antimicrobial procurement
Marketing of pharmaceutical products directly with hospitals and farmers
 for farmers, companies are an important source of information in the absence of
public veterinary services
• Government policies
Regulatory framework to control antimicrobial access and control
 policies need to allow broad access to antimicrobials while promoting rational use
Policies regarding livestock vaccination, improving health systems, regulating the
pharmaceutical industry (e.g. import), etc.
5
Conclusion
• Issues such as AMR indicate the complexity of improving health for the poor members of
our societies;
• There are many driving forces of AMR that are embedded in the social, economic and
political environments that need deliberate addressing to tackle AMR;
• Government policies, both at the national and international levels, shape national and
local health systems, financial capacity of individuals to seek health, and pharmaceutical
market.
6
Thank you for your attention.

Contenu connexe

Tendances

How do you solve a problem like an EHR?
How do you solve a problem like an EHR?How do you solve a problem like an EHR?
How do you solve a problem like an EHR?
Arjei Balandra
 
Literature Review: Partnership Care Delivery Model
Literature Review: Partnership Care Delivery ModelLiterature Review: Partnership Care Delivery Model
Literature Review: Partnership Care Delivery Model
Tosin Ola-Weissmann
 
The New Age of Healthcare Ecosystems: Infographic (1)
The New Age of Healthcare Ecosystems: Infographic (1)The New Age of Healthcare Ecosystems: Infographic (1)
The New Age of Healthcare Ecosystems: Infographic (1)
IBM in Healthcare
 
Sustainability and Transition Policy in Action (GF Session) - Armen Manukyan,...
Sustainability and Transition Policy in Action (GF Session) - Armen Manukyan,...Sustainability and Transition Policy in Action (GF Session) - Armen Manukyan,...
Sustainability and Transition Policy in Action (GF Session) - Armen Manukyan,...
OECD Governance
 
Soraya Ghebleh - Variation in Healthcare Delivery
Soraya Ghebleh - Variation in Healthcare DeliverySoraya Ghebleh - Variation in Healthcare Delivery
Soraya Ghebleh - Variation in Healthcare Delivery
Soraya Ghebleh
 
Dr Jeremy Veillard: High Use in the Health Sector in Canada, 30 June 2014
Dr Jeremy Veillard: High Use in the Health Sector in Canada, 30 June 2014Dr Jeremy Veillard: High Use in the Health Sector in Canada, 30 June 2014
Dr Jeremy Veillard: High Use in the Health Sector in Canada, 30 June 2014
Nuffield Trust
 
Where is the NHS now?
Where is the NHS now?Where is the NHS now?
Where is the NHS now?
The King's Fund
 
Article On Pharmacist
Article On PharmacistArticle On Pharmacist
Article On Pharmacist
Vijay Ostwal
 
North Carolina’s 646 Quality Demonstration
North Carolina’s 646 Quality DemonstrationNorth Carolina’s 646 Quality Demonstration
North Carolina’s 646 Quality Demonstration
NASHP HealthPolicy
 
ACMposter
ACMposterACMposter
ACMposter
Amy Miller
 
Az Cert Educational Projects Pres 08 09
Az Cert Educational Projects Pres 08 09Az Cert Educational Projects Pres 08 09
Az Cert Educational Projects Pres 08 09
mlbrown
 
IAH Results Housecall Providers_final
IAH Results Housecall Providers_finalIAH Results Housecall Providers_final
IAH Results Housecall Providers_final
Terri Hobbs
 
Why Health Reform
Why Health ReformWhy Health Reform
Challenges of Clinical teaching in Nursing
Challenges of Clinical teaching  in NursingChallenges of Clinical teaching  in Nursing
Challenges of Clinical teaching in Nursing
AgezegnAsegidMrekonn
 
Atb steward
Atb stewardAtb steward
Atb steward
Islam Ibrahim
 
Healthcare Industry Taxonomy for the Population Health Era
Healthcare Industry Taxonomy for the Population Health EraHealthcare Industry Taxonomy for the Population Health Era
Healthcare Industry Taxonomy for the Population Health Era
Dave Chase
 
Customized Patient Care through Patient Support Programs for Rare/Orphan Drugs
Customized Patient Care through Patient Support Programs for Rare/Orphan DrugsCustomized Patient Care through Patient Support Programs for Rare/Orphan Drugs
Customized Patient Care through Patient Support Programs for Rare/Orphan Drugs
Canadian Organization for Rare Disorders
 
2008090158 powerpoint lab 1
2008090158 powerpoint lab 12008090158 powerpoint lab 1
2008090158 powerpoint lab 1
anne-marie cato
 
Ph gp london_training_day
Ph gp london_training_dayPh gp london_training_day
Ph gp london_training_day
Azeem Majeed
 
JAPhA Home Based MTM 2016
JAPhA Home Based MTM 2016JAPhA Home Based MTM 2016
JAPhA Home Based MTM 2016
Toni Salvatore
 

Tendances (20)

How do you solve a problem like an EHR?
How do you solve a problem like an EHR?How do you solve a problem like an EHR?
How do you solve a problem like an EHR?
 
Literature Review: Partnership Care Delivery Model
Literature Review: Partnership Care Delivery ModelLiterature Review: Partnership Care Delivery Model
Literature Review: Partnership Care Delivery Model
 
The New Age of Healthcare Ecosystems: Infographic (1)
The New Age of Healthcare Ecosystems: Infographic (1)The New Age of Healthcare Ecosystems: Infographic (1)
The New Age of Healthcare Ecosystems: Infographic (1)
 
Sustainability and Transition Policy in Action (GF Session) - Armen Manukyan,...
Sustainability and Transition Policy in Action (GF Session) - Armen Manukyan,...Sustainability and Transition Policy in Action (GF Session) - Armen Manukyan,...
Sustainability and Transition Policy in Action (GF Session) - Armen Manukyan,...
 
Soraya Ghebleh - Variation in Healthcare Delivery
Soraya Ghebleh - Variation in Healthcare DeliverySoraya Ghebleh - Variation in Healthcare Delivery
Soraya Ghebleh - Variation in Healthcare Delivery
 
Dr Jeremy Veillard: High Use in the Health Sector in Canada, 30 June 2014
Dr Jeremy Veillard: High Use in the Health Sector in Canada, 30 June 2014Dr Jeremy Veillard: High Use in the Health Sector in Canada, 30 June 2014
Dr Jeremy Veillard: High Use in the Health Sector in Canada, 30 June 2014
 
Where is the NHS now?
Where is the NHS now?Where is the NHS now?
Where is the NHS now?
 
Article On Pharmacist
Article On PharmacistArticle On Pharmacist
Article On Pharmacist
 
North Carolina’s 646 Quality Demonstration
North Carolina’s 646 Quality DemonstrationNorth Carolina’s 646 Quality Demonstration
North Carolina’s 646 Quality Demonstration
 
ACMposter
ACMposterACMposter
ACMposter
 
Az Cert Educational Projects Pres 08 09
Az Cert Educational Projects Pres 08 09Az Cert Educational Projects Pres 08 09
Az Cert Educational Projects Pres 08 09
 
IAH Results Housecall Providers_final
IAH Results Housecall Providers_finalIAH Results Housecall Providers_final
IAH Results Housecall Providers_final
 
Why Health Reform
Why Health ReformWhy Health Reform
Why Health Reform
 
Challenges of Clinical teaching in Nursing
Challenges of Clinical teaching  in NursingChallenges of Clinical teaching  in Nursing
Challenges of Clinical teaching in Nursing
 
Atb steward
Atb stewardAtb steward
Atb steward
 
Healthcare Industry Taxonomy for the Population Health Era
Healthcare Industry Taxonomy for the Population Health EraHealthcare Industry Taxonomy for the Population Health Era
Healthcare Industry Taxonomy for the Population Health Era
 
Customized Patient Care through Patient Support Programs for Rare/Orphan Drugs
Customized Patient Care through Patient Support Programs for Rare/Orphan DrugsCustomized Patient Care through Patient Support Programs for Rare/Orphan Drugs
Customized Patient Care through Patient Support Programs for Rare/Orphan Drugs
 
2008090158 powerpoint lab 1
2008090158 powerpoint lab 12008090158 powerpoint lab 1
2008090158 powerpoint lab 1
 
Ph gp london_training_day
Ph gp london_training_dayPh gp london_training_day
Ph gp london_training_day
 
JAPhA Home Based MTM 2016
JAPhA Home Based MTM 2016JAPhA Home Based MTM 2016
JAPhA Home Based MTM 2016
 

Similaire à Day 1 Speaker Presentation - Ayako Ebata

Partnerships on AMR and NCDs Mirfin Mpundu
Partnerships on AMR and NCDs Mirfin MpunduPartnerships on AMR and NCDs Mirfin Mpundu
Partnerships on AMR and NCDs Mirfin Mpundu
Christian Connections for International Health
 
Challenges in Indian Healthcare Sector
Challenges in Indian Healthcare SectorChallenges in Indian Healthcare Sector
Challenges in Indian Healthcare Sector
Prashant Mehta
 
Concepts of em
Concepts of emConcepts of em
Concepts of em
Mmedsc Hahm
 
BASICS OF HEALTH ECONOMICS-1 (1).pptx
BASICS OF HEALTH ECONOMICS-1 (1).pptxBASICS OF HEALTH ECONOMICS-1 (1).pptx
BASICS OF HEALTH ECONOMICS-1 (1).pptx
Sidharth Bansal
 
Pharmacy drug adherence march2013
Pharmacy drug adherence march2013Pharmacy drug adherence march2013
Pharmacy drug adherence march2013
Double Check ĆŐNSULTING
 
Mirfin-Mpundu-Session-1B-CCIH-2017
Mirfin-Mpundu-Session-1B-CCIH-2017Mirfin-Mpundu-Session-1B-CCIH-2017
Mirfin-Mpundu-Session-1B-CCIH-2017
Christian Connections for International Health
 
Health Economics in Radiation Oncology
Health Economics in Radiation OncologyHealth Economics in Radiation Oncology
Health Economics in Radiation Oncology
Yamini Baviskar
 
Greece: Primary Care in a time of crisis. 2nd VdGM Forum, Dublin 2015
Greece: Primary Care in a time of crisis. 2nd VdGM Forum, Dublin 2015Greece: Primary Care in a time of crisis. 2nd VdGM Forum, Dublin 2015
Greece: Primary Care in a time of crisis. 2nd VdGM Forum, Dublin 2015
Evangelos Fragkoulis
 
Health care system
Health care systemHealth care system
Health care system
xishaz
 
Health service management (1)
Health service management (1)Health service management (1)
Health service management (1)
Chetan Bhalgat
 
Asp antimicrobial stewardship
Asp antimicrobial stewardshipAsp antimicrobial stewardship
Asp antimicrobial stewardship
MEEQAT HOSPITAL
 
Ppt4 (1)
Ppt4 (1)Ppt4 (1)
Ppt4 (1)
jessika hu
 
Synergy
SynergySynergy
Pharmacog Module VI.pptx
Pharmacog Module VI.pptxPharmacog Module VI.pptx
Pharmacog Module VI.pptx
AmosWafula3
 
Health Economics In Clinical Trials - Pubrica
Health Economics In Clinical Trials  - PubricaHealth Economics In Clinical Trials  - Pubrica
Health Economics In Clinical Trials - Pubrica
pubrica101
 
Essential medicines and counterfeit medicines
Essential medicines and counterfeit medicinesEssential medicines and counterfeit medicines
Essential medicines and counterfeit medicines
Amit Bhondve
 
Increasing access to medicines
Increasing access to medicinesIncreasing access to medicines
Increasing access to medicines
MeTApresents
 
LIMITATIONS
LIMITATIONSLIMITATIONS
LIMITATIONS
Brian O. Ogbonna
 
Pharmacy Advancements_ Transforming Healthcare.pdf
Pharmacy Advancements_ Transforming Healthcare.pdfPharmacy Advancements_ Transforming Healthcare.pdf
Pharmacy Advancements_ Transforming Healthcare.pdf
SasikiranMarri
 
Scope of pharmacy
Scope of pharmacyScope of pharmacy
Scope of pharmacy
somil1d11
 

Similaire à Day 1 Speaker Presentation - Ayako Ebata (20)

Partnerships on AMR and NCDs Mirfin Mpundu
Partnerships on AMR and NCDs Mirfin MpunduPartnerships on AMR and NCDs Mirfin Mpundu
Partnerships on AMR and NCDs Mirfin Mpundu
 
Challenges in Indian Healthcare Sector
Challenges in Indian Healthcare SectorChallenges in Indian Healthcare Sector
Challenges in Indian Healthcare Sector
 
Concepts of em
Concepts of emConcepts of em
Concepts of em
 
BASICS OF HEALTH ECONOMICS-1 (1).pptx
BASICS OF HEALTH ECONOMICS-1 (1).pptxBASICS OF HEALTH ECONOMICS-1 (1).pptx
BASICS OF HEALTH ECONOMICS-1 (1).pptx
 
Pharmacy drug adherence march2013
Pharmacy drug adherence march2013Pharmacy drug adherence march2013
Pharmacy drug adherence march2013
 
Mirfin-Mpundu-Session-1B-CCIH-2017
Mirfin-Mpundu-Session-1B-CCIH-2017Mirfin-Mpundu-Session-1B-CCIH-2017
Mirfin-Mpundu-Session-1B-CCIH-2017
 
Health Economics in Radiation Oncology
Health Economics in Radiation OncologyHealth Economics in Radiation Oncology
Health Economics in Radiation Oncology
 
Greece: Primary Care in a time of crisis. 2nd VdGM Forum, Dublin 2015
Greece: Primary Care in a time of crisis. 2nd VdGM Forum, Dublin 2015Greece: Primary Care in a time of crisis. 2nd VdGM Forum, Dublin 2015
Greece: Primary Care in a time of crisis. 2nd VdGM Forum, Dublin 2015
 
Health care system
Health care systemHealth care system
Health care system
 
Health service management (1)
Health service management (1)Health service management (1)
Health service management (1)
 
Asp antimicrobial stewardship
Asp antimicrobial stewardshipAsp antimicrobial stewardship
Asp antimicrobial stewardship
 
Ppt4 (1)
Ppt4 (1)Ppt4 (1)
Ppt4 (1)
 
Synergy
SynergySynergy
Synergy
 
Pharmacog Module VI.pptx
Pharmacog Module VI.pptxPharmacog Module VI.pptx
Pharmacog Module VI.pptx
 
Health Economics In Clinical Trials - Pubrica
Health Economics In Clinical Trials  - PubricaHealth Economics In Clinical Trials  - Pubrica
Health Economics In Clinical Trials - Pubrica
 
Essential medicines and counterfeit medicines
Essential medicines and counterfeit medicinesEssential medicines and counterfeit medicines
Essential medicines and counterfeit medicines
 
Increasing access to medicines
Increasing access to medicinesIncreasing access to medicines
Increasing access to medicines
 
LIMITATIONS
LIMITATIONSLIMITATIONS
LIMITATIONS
 
Pharmacy Advancements_ Transforming Healthcare.pdf
Pharmacy Advancements_ Transforming Healthcare.pdfPharmacy Advancements_ Transforming Healthcare.pdf
Pharmacy Advancements_ Transforming Healthcare.pdf
 
Scope of pharmacy
Scope of pharmacyScope of pharmacy
Scope of pharmacy
 

Plus de Tropical Health and Education Trust

Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Dame Sally Davies
Day 3 Speaker Presentation  - Prof Dame Sally DaviesDay 3 Speaker Presentation  - Prof Dame Sally Davies
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Dame Sally Davies
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Anne Mason
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Anne MasonDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Anne Mason
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Anne Mason
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Fleur Kitsell
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Fleur KitsellDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Fleur Kitsell
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Fleur Kitsell
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Aaron Pritchard
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Aaron PritchardDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Aaron Pritchard
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Aaron Pritchard
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Graeme Chrisholm
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Graeme ChrisholmDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Graeme Chrisholm
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Graeme Chrisholm
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Elizabeth Rafii-Tabar
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Elizabeth Rafii-TabarDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Elizabeth Rafii-Tabar
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Elizabeth Rafii-Tabar
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dan Ritman
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dan Ritman Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dan Ritman
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dan Ritman
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Lorna Marufu
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Lorna MarufuDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Lorna Marufu
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Lorna Marufu
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Deborah Ilyaboya
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Deborah IlyaboyaDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Deborah Ilyaboya
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Deborah Ilyaboya
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Na'eem Ahmed
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Na'eem AhmedDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Na'eem Ahmed
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Na'eem Ahmed
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Louise Ackers
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Louise AckersDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Louise Ackers
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Louise Ackers
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Marcus Wootton, Caroline Neil & Jessica Townsend
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Marcus Wootton, Caroline Neil & Jessica TownsendDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Marcus Wootton, Caroline Neil & Jessica Townsend
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Marcus Wootton, Caroline Neil & Jessica Townsend
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Kade Mondeh
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Kade MondehDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Kade Mondeh
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Kade Mondeh
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Moses Mulimara
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Moses MulimaraDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Moses Mulimara
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Moses Mulimara
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Françoise Cluzeau
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Françoise CluzeauDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Françoise Cluzeau
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Françoise Cluzeau
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Marie Staunton
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Marie StauntonDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Marie Staunton
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Marie Staunton
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Jane Salvage
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Jane SalvageDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Jane Salvage
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Jane Salvage
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Lord Nigel Crisp
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Lord Nigel CrispDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Lord Nigel Crisp
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Lord Nigel Crisp
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Prof Hannah Kuper
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Prof Hannah KuperDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Prof Hannah Kuper
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Prof Hannah Kuper
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Dr Rachel Lowe
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Dr Rachel LoweDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Dr Rachel Lowe
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Dr Rachel Lowe
Tropical Health and Education Trust
 

Plus de Tropical Health and Education Trust (20)

Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Dame Sally Davies
Day 3 Speaker Presentation  - Prof Dame Sally DaviesDay 3 Speaker Presentation  - Prof Dame Sally Davies
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Dame Sally Davies
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Anne Mason
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Anne MasonDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Anne Mason
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Anne Mason
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Fleur Kitsell
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Fleur KitsellDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Fleur Kitsell
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Fleur Kitsell
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Aaron Pritchard
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Aaron PritchardDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Aaron Pritchard
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Aaron Pritchard
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Graeme Chrisholm
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Graeme ChrisholmDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Graeme Chrisholm
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Graeme Chrisholm
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Elizabeth Rafii-Tabar
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Elizabeth Rafii-TabarDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Elizabeth Rafii-Tabar
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Elizabeth Rafii-Tabar
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dan Ritman
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dan Ritman Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dan Ritman
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dan Ritman
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Lorna Marufu
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Lorna MarufuDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Lorna Marufu
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Lorna Marufu
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Deborah Ilyaboya
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Deborah IlyaboyaDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Deborah Ilyaboya
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Deborah Ilyaboya
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Na'eem Ahmed
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Na'eem AhmedDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Na'eem Ahmed
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Dr Na'eem Ahmed
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Louise Ackers
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Louise AckersDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Louise Ackers
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Prof Louise Ackers
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Marcus Wootton, Caroline Neil & Jessica Townsend
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Marcus Wootton, Caroline Neil & Jessica TownsendDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Marcus Wootton, Caroline Neil & Jessica Townsend
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Marcus Wootton, Caroline Neil & Jessica Townsend
 
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Kade Mondeh
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Kade MondehDay 3 Speaker Presentation - Kade Mondeh
Day 3 Speaker Presentation - Kade Mondeh
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Moses Mulimara
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Moses MulimaraDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Moses Mulimara
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Moses Mulimara
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Françoise Cluzeau
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Françoise CluzeauDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Françoise Cluzeau
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Françoise Cluzeau
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Marie Staunton
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Marie StauntonDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Marie Staunton
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Marie Staunton
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Jane Salvage
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Jane SalvageDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Jane Salvage
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Jane Salvage
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Lord Nigel Crisp
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Lord Nigel CrispDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Lord Nigel Crisp
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Lord Nigel Crisp
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Prof Hannah Kuper
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Prof Hannah KuperDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Prof Hannah Kuper
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Prof Hannah Kuper
 
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Dr Rachel Lowe
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Dr Rachel LoweDay 2 Speaker Presentation - Dr Rachel Lowe
Day 2 Speaker Presentation - Dr Rachel Lowe
 

Dernier

IEA World Energy Investment June 2024- Statistics
IEA World Energy Investment June 2024- StatisticsIEA World Energy Investment June 2024- Statistics
IEA World Energy Investment June 2024- Statistics
Energy for One World
 
2024: The FAR - Federal Acquisition Regulations, Part 42
2024: The FAR - Federal Acquisition Regulations, Part 422024: The FAR - Federal Acquisition Regulations, Part 42
2024: The FAR - Federal Acquisition Regulations, Part 42
JSchaus & Associates
 
Researching the client.pptxsxssssssssssssssssssssss
Researching the client.pptxsxssssssssssssssssssssssResearching the client.pptxsxssssssssssssssssssssss
Researching the client.pptxsxssssssssssssssssssssss
DanielOliver74
 
Practical guide for the celebration of World Environment Day on june 5th.
Practical guide for the  celebration of World Environment Day on  june 5th.Practical guide for the  celebration of World Environment Day on  june 5th.
Practical guide for the celebration of World Environment Day on june 5th.
Christina Parmionova
 
Texas Water Development Board Updates June 2024
Texas Water Development Board Updates June 2024Texas Water Development Board Updates June 2024
Texas Water Development Board Updates June 2024
Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts
 
Contributi dei parlamentari del PD - Contributi L. 3/2019
Contributi dei parlamentari del PD - Contributi L. 3/2019Contributi dei parlamentari del PD - Contributi L. 3/2019
Contributi dei parlamentari del PD - Contributi L. 3/2019
Partito democratico
 
快速办理(UVM毕业证书)佛蒙特大学毕业证学位证一模一样
快速办理(UVM毕业证书)佛蒙特大学毕业证学位证一模一样快速办理(UVM毕业证书)佛蒙特大学毕业证学位证一模一样
快速办理(UVM毕业证书)佛蒙特大学毕业证学位证一模一样
yemqpj
 
加急办理华威大学毕业证硕士文凭证书原版一模一样
加急办理华威大学毕业证硕士文凭证书原版一模一样加急办理华威大学毕业证硕士文凭证书原版一模一样
加急办理华威大学毕业证硕士文凭证书原版一模一样
uu1psyf6
 
PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (PFMS) and DBT.pptx
PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (PFMS) and DBT.pptxPUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (PFMS) and DBT.pptx
PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (PFMS) and DBT.pptx
Marked12
 
A Guide to AI for Smarter Nonprofits - Dr. Cori Faklaris, UNC Charlotte
A Guide to AI for Smarter Nonprofits - Dr. Cori Faklaris, UNC CharlotteA Guide to AI for Smarter Nonprofits - Dr. Cori Faklaris, UNC Charlotte
A Guide to AI for Smarter Nonprofits - Dr. Cori Faklaris, UNC Charlotte
Cori Faklaris
 
karnataka housing board schemes . all schemes
karnataka housing board schemes . all schemeskarnataka housing board schemes . all schemes
karnataka housing board schemes . all schemes
narinav14
 
Bharat Mata - History of Indian culture.pdf
Bharat Mata - History of Indian culture.pdfBharat Mata - History of Indian culture.pdf
Bharat Mata - History of Indian culture.pdf
Bharat Mata
 
Awaken new depths - World Ocean Day 2024, June 8th.
Awaken new depths - World Ocean Day 2024, June 8th.Awaken new depths - World Ocean Day 2024, June 8th.
Awaken new depths - World Ocean Day 2024, June 8th.
Christina Parmionova
 
Border towns and spaces of (in)visibility.pdf
Border towns and spaces of (in)visibility.pdfBorder towns and spaces of (in)visibility.pdf
Border towns and spaces of (in)visibility.pdf
Scalabrini Institute for Human Mobility in Africa
 
PPT Item # 7 - 231 Encino Avenue (sign. review)
PPT Item # 7 - 231 Encino Avenue (sign. review)PPT Item # 7 - 231 Encino Avenue (sign. review)
PPT Item # 7 - 231 Encino Avenue (sign. review)
ahcitycouncil
 
China Politics social economic political
China Politics social economic politicalChina Politics social economic political
China Politics social economic political
ajatjamwal123
 
原版制作(DPU毕业证书)德保罗大学毕业证Offer一模一样
原版制作(DPU毕业证书)德保罗大学毕业证Offer一模一样原版制作(DPU毕业证书)德保罗大学毕业证Offer一模一样
原版制作(DPU毕业证书)德保罗大学毕业证Offer一模一样
yemqpj
 
快速办理(Bristol毕业证书)布里斯托大学毕业证Offer一模一样
快速办理(Bristol毕业证书)布里斯托大学毕业证Offer一模一样快速办理(Bristol毕业证书)布里斯托大学毕业证Offer一模一样
快速办理(Bristol毕业证书)布里斯托大学毕业证Offer一模一样
3woawyyl
 
Item #s 8&9 -- Demolition Code Amendment
Item #s 8&9 -- Demolition Code AmendmentItem #s 8&9 -- Demolition Code Amendment
Item #s 8&9 -- Demolition Code Amendment
ahcitycouncil
 
AHMR volume 10 number 1 January-April 2024
AHMR volume 10 number 1 January-April 2024AHMR volume 10 number 1 January-April 2024
AHMR volume 10 number 1 January-April 2024
Scalabrini Institute for Human Mobility in Africa
 

Dernier (20)

IEA World Energy Investment June 2024- Statistics
IEA World Energy Investment June 2024- StatisticsIEA World Energy Investment June 2024- Statistics
IEA World Energy Investment June 2024- Statistics
 
2024: The FAR - Federal Acquisition Regulations, Part 42
2024: The FAR - Federal Acquisition Regulations, Part 422024: The FAR - Federal Acquisition Regulations, Part 42
2024: The FAR - Federal Acquisition Regulations, Part 42
 
Researching the client.pptxsxssssssssssssssssssssss
Researching the client.pptxsxssssssssssssssssssssssResearching the client.pptxsxssssssssssssssssssssss
Researching the client.pptxsxssssssssssssssssssssss
 
Practical guide for the celebration of World Environment Day on june 5th.
Practical guide for the  celebration of World Environment Day on  june 5th.Practical guide for the  celebration of World Environment Day on  june 5th.
Practical guide for the celebration of World Environment Day on june 5th.
 
Texas Water Development Board Updates June 2024
Texas Water Development Board Updates June 2024Texas Water Development Board Updates June 2024
Texas Water Development Board Updates June 2024
 
Contributi dei parlamentari del PD - Contributi L. 3/2019
Contributi dei parlamentari del PD - Contributi L. 3/2019Contributi dei parlamentari del PD - Contributi L. 3/2019
Contributi dei parlamentari del PD - Contributi L. 3/2019
 
快速办理(UVM毕业证书)佛蒙特大学毕业证学位证一模一样
快速办理(UVM毕业证书)佛蒙特大学毕业证学位证一模一样快速办理(UVM毕业证书)佛蒙特大学毕业证学位证一模一样
快速办理(UVM毕业证书)佛蒙特大学毕业证学位证一模一样
 
加急办理华威大学毕业证硕士文凭证书原版一模一样
加急办理华威大学毕业证硕士文凭证书原版一模一样加急办理华威大学毕业证硕士文凭证书原版一模一样
加急办理华威大学毕业证硕士文凭证书原版一模一样
 
PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (PFMS) and DBT.pptx
PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (PFMS) and DBT.pptxPUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (PFMS) and DBT.pptx
PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (PFMS) and DBT.pptx
 
A Guide to AI for Smarter Nonprofits - Dr. Cori Faklaris, UNC Charlotte
A Guide to AI for Smarter Nonprofits - Dr. Cori Faklaris, UNC CharlotteA Guide to AI for Smarter Nonprofits - Dr. Cori Faklaris, UNC Charlotte
A Guide to AI for Smarter Nonprofits - Dr. Cori Faklaris, UNC Charlotte
 
karnataka housing board schemes . all schemes
karnataka housing board schemes . all schemeskarnataka housing board schemes . all schemes
karnataka housing board schemes . all schemes
 
Bharat Mata - History of Indian culture.pdf
Bharat Mata - History of Indian culture.pdfBharat Mata - History of Indian culture.pdf
Bharat Mata - History of Indian culture.pdf
 
Awaken new depths - World Ocean Day 2024, June 8th.
Awaken new depths - World Ocean Day 2024, June 8th.Awaken new depths - World Ocean Day 2024, June 8th.
Awaken new depths - World Ocean Day 2024, June 8th.
 
Border towns and spaces of (in)visibility.pdf
Border towns and spaces of (in)visibility.pdfBorder towns and spaces of (in)visibility.pdf
Border towns and spaces of (in)visibility.pdf
 
PPT Item # 7 - 231 Encino Avenue (sign. review)
PPT Item # 7 - 231 Encino Avenue (sign. review)PPT Item # 7 - 231 Encino Avenue (sign. review)
PPT Item # 7 - 231 Encino Avenue (sign. review)
 
China Politics social economic political
China Politics social economic politicalChina Politics social economic political
China Politics social economic political
 
原版制作(DPU毕业证书)德保罗大学毕业证Offer一模一样
原版制作(DPU毕业证书)德保罗大学毕业证Offer一模一样原版制作(DPU毕业证书)德保罗大学毕业证Offer一模一样
原版制作(DPU毕业证书)德保罗大学毕业证Offer一模一样
 
快速办理(Bristol毕业证书)布里斯托大学毕业证Offer一模一样
快速办理(Bristol毕业证书)布里斯托大学毕业证Offer一模一样快速办理(Bristol毕业证书)布里斯托大学毕业证Offer一模一样
快速办理(Bristol毕业证书)布里斯托大学毕业证Offer一模一样
 
Item #s 8&9 -- Demolition Code Amendment
Item #s 8&9 -- Demolition Code AmendmentItem #s 8&9 -- Demolition Code Amendment
Item #s 8&9 -- Demolition Code Amendment
 
AHMR volume 10 number 1 January-April 2024
AHMR volume 10 number 1 January-April 2024AHMR volume 10 number 1 January-April 2024
AHMR volume 10 number 1 January-April 2024
 

Day 1 Speaker Presentation - Ayako Ebata

  • 1. Access to health in the context of antimicrobial resistance Presented by Ayako Ebata Institute of Development Studies University of Sussex, UK THET Annual Conference 2017 23 October, 2017
  • 2. Background: antimicrobial resistance and poor people • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in humans and animals: a global public health issue Resistant genes travel among humans, animals and ecosystem • Implications for the poor: Increased duration and cost of medical treatment Limited access to last resource drugs Inappropriate prescribing, driving more resistance Decreased profitability of livestock production • Driving forces behind AMR in developing countries: Weak health systems (both humans and animals) Pluralistic health systems Financial resources of patients to receive quality health care The structure of pharmaceutical industries Government policies 2
  • 3. Case study: Myanmar’s Yangon region • Weak health systems (both humans and animals) Limited diagnostic capacity in regional hospitals and veterinary clinics  patients are sent to a public hospital in Yangon, diagnosis and treatment delayed  symptom based prescription Limited number of graduates with medical/veterinary qualifications  only 1,000 official veterinarians exist in the whole country  antimicrobials can be purchased off the counter at village shops  shopkeepers with varying knowledge and training in medicine advice customers the quantity and duration of medicine to be applied for both humans and animals 3
  • 4. Case study: Myanmar’s Yangon region • Pluralistic health systems The poor rely on public hospitals while the rich pay for world-class medical care (e.g. medical tourism to Thailand) Private clinics are more expensive but provide faster services than public clinics Public sector practitioners operate private clinics  create bias toward serving in cities than rural areas • Financial resources of patients to receive quality health care Close relationship between income cycle and health care access Cost not limited to medical treatment but transportation  rural-urban bias Readily available antimicrobials as a quick and cheap remedy 4
  • 5. Case study: Myanmar’s Yangon region • The structure of pharmaceutical industries AMR as a public health issue: without regulatory framework, pharmaceutical industry is not held accountable Commercial interest in antimicrobial procurement Marketing of pharmaceutical products directly with hospitals and farmers  for farmers, companies are an important source of information in the absence of public veterinary services • Government policies Regulatory framework to control antimicrobial access and control  policies need to allow broad access to antimicrobials while promoting rational use Policies regarding livestock vaccination, improving health systems, regulating the pharmaceutical industry (e.g. import), etc. 5
  • 6. Conclusion • Issues such as AMR indicate the complexity of improving health for the poor members of our societies; • There are many driving forces of AMR that are embedded in the social, economic and political environments that need deliberate addressing to tackle AMR; • Government policies, both at the national and international levels, shape national and local health systems, financial capacity of individuals to seek health, and pharmaceutical market. 6
  • 7. Thank you for your attention.