Developmental dysplasia of hip joint (DDH)
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Developmental dysplasia of hip joint. Its an childhood pathology of hip joint due to genetic abnormality.
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2. Most patients (53%) were managed conservatively through expectant management and serial ultrasound/hCG monitoring, while 40% received medical management with methotrexate, and one patient (7%) required additional surgical evacuation.
3. The outcomes were generally good, with resolution of the ectopic pregnancies and many patients (five out of 15) subsequently having successful full-term intrauterine pregnancies.
Labour complications
Non-progressive labour
Management
Steps in managing non-progressive 1st stage are similar to induction of labour, but skipping cervical ripening:
First: analgesia, empty bladder, and ensure membranes ruptured. Artificial rupture if required.
If dilating
Non-progressive 2nd stage:
If fetal malposition (OP or OT): rotate manually, rotation ventouse, or Kielland's forceps.
If position correct(ed) (OA): oxytocin → if unsuccessful, traction ventouse or forceps.
C-section if above steps fail.
Complications
Postpartum hemorrhage.
Uterine rupture.
Fistula
Shoulder dystocia.
Hypoxia
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3) Common treatments include a single injection of GnRH or hCG to induce luteinization and ovulation, followed by a prostaglandin injection 9 days later if needed to induce estrus. This summary effectively captures the key details about cystic ovarian degeneration in cattle.
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- Risk factors are low gestational age and birth weight. Screening involves eye exams for ROP signs.
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The document discusses guidelines for discharging neonates from the hospital. It outlines several criteria that should be met before discharge, including the infant being physiologically stable and able to feed adequately. Important screening tests that must be completed prior to discharge include pulse oximetry for congenital heart disease, examination for developmental dysplasia of the hip, and checking the red reflex. The guidelines aim to ensure neonates are ready based on developmental factors rather than just weight before being discharged from the hospital.
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Rop hearing
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a developmental vascular disorder of the retina that occurs in preterm infants. The retina is incompletely vascularized at birth for infants born before 30 weeks gestation. Premature birth interrupts normal retinal vascularization, exposing the retina to abnormal oxygen levels. This can cause vasoconstriction and arrest of blood vessel growth. Later, abnormal neovascularization may develop, potentially leading to retinal detachment and blindness if not treated. Screening guidelines recommend examinations starting at 4 weeks of age for infants born before 30 weeks, with treatment indicated for "threshold" or "pre-threshold" ROP. Laser photocoagulation is the primary treatment, which ablates the av
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1. The document discusses two cases of early pregnancy problems involving vaginal bleeding and a positive pregnancy test in women aged 23 and 34.
2. It provides guidelines for evaluating bleeding in early pregnancy, including taking a history, examining the patient, performing an ultrasound, and considering potential causes like miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, or molar pregnancy.
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This document discusses the management of neonatal sepsis. Key points include:
- Neonatal sepsis is defined as a clinical syndrome of bacteremia in infants under 4 weeks old. Neonates are prone to sepsis due to immature innate and adaptive immunity.
- Common causes of early-onset sepsis include Group B Strep, E. coli, and other bacteria. Late-onset sepsis is usually hospital-acquired and caused by organisms like Staph aureus.
- Sepsis is managed through screening with blood tests, blood cultures, and starting broad-spectrum antibiotics if screening or clinical signs indicate infection. Proper antibiotic selection depends on the suspected causative organism and risk of drug resistance.
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Three key points about the document:
1. The document describes a case series of 15 patients with caesarean scar ectopic pregnancies managed at a hospital unit over 3.5 years.
2. Most patients (53%) were managed conservatively through expectant management and serial ultrasound/hCG monitoring, while 40% received medical management with methotrexate, and one patient (7%) required additional surgical evacuation.
3. The outcomes were generally good, with resolution of the ectopic pregnancies and many patients (five out of 15) subsequently having successful full-term intrauterine pregnancies.
Labour complications
Non-progressive labour
Management
Steps in managing non-progressive 1st stage are similar to induction of labour, but skipping cervical ripening:
First: analgesia, empty bladder, and ensure membranes ruptured. Artificial rupture if required.
If dilating
Non-progressive 2nd stage:
If fetal malposition (OP or OT): rotate manually, rotation ventouse, or Kielland's forceps.
If position correct(ed) (OA): oxytocin → if unsuccessful, traction ventouse or forceps.
C-section if above steps fail.
Complications
Postpartum hemorrhage.
Uterine rupture.
Fistula
Shoulder dystocia.
Hypoxia
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1) Cystic ovarian degeneration is a condition in dairy cows where ovarian follicles fail to ovulate, continuing to grow into cysts. It commonly occurs 30-60 days after calving and can impair fertility.
2) Ovarian cysts are diagnosed using history, palpation, ultrasound to detect enlarged follicles over 17mm in the absence of a corpus luteum, and progesterone assays.
3) Common treatments include a single injection of GnRH or hCG to induce luteinization and ovulation, followed by a prostaglandin injection 9 days later if needed to induce estrus. This summary effectively captures the key details about cystic ovarian degeneration in cattle.
Retinopathy of prematurity
This document summarizes retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a disease characterized by abnormal retinal blood vessel development in premature infants that can lead to blindness. Key points include:
- ROP results from interrupted retinal vascularization in preterm infants and is treated via laser ablation or anti-VEGF drugs.
- Risk factors are low gestational age and birth weight. Screening involves eye exams for ROP signs.
- Stages describe ROP severity from flat retinal demarcation (Stage 1) to total retinal detachment (Stage 5). "Plus disease" increases treatment need.
- Zones define retinal areas and ROP in Zone I or II with Stage 3/plus disease requires
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The patient, a 65-year-old male, presented with rectal prolapse that had been progressively worsening over 10 days. Examination found a circumferential, reducible prolapse of rectal mucosa. The patient underwent a laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy procedure without complications and was recovering well on post-operative day 4 with no new issues.
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Provide good information to the medical students, helps them in the preparation of exams and presentation...
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An unusual presentation of developmental delay and intellectual disability child . Child present at emergency with severe pallor and abdominal distension with positive history of hematesis and melena 7 days back. Child is hypotonic since infancy , respiratory distress in infancy,can not walk or speak till 9 years of age.on examination facies is dismorphic- broad forehead, arched eyebrows,ptosis,hypertelororism, protrude tongue, high arched palate. Eye examination right sided exotropia, horizontal nystagmus, cerebellar sign positive- nystagmus, overshooting present,pendular knee jerk present, heel to seen test abnormal,MRI molar teeth sign
Pedatrics morbidity and mortality nov 2021 aaron
The document summarizes pediatric admissions and mortality data from Longisa County Referral Hospital for November 2021. It reports that the pediatric ward admitted 88 children, with 1 mortality and 3 referrals. The top admission diagnoses were pneumonia, anemia, and gastroenteritis. The neonatal unit admitted 81 babies, with 15 mortalities and 2 referrals. The leading admission diagnoses were birth asphyxia, prematurity/low birth weight, and neonatal sepsis. It then presents a case of severe birth asphyxia in a baby who did not survive.
KULIAH SUBUH TORSIO TESTIS.pptx
Testicular torsion is the twisting of the spermatic cord that cuts off blood supply to the testicle. It most commonly occurs in neonates and adolescents. There are two types - extravaginal torsion which occurs when the tunica vaginalis is not fully attached, and intravaginal torsion which occurs when the testis twists within the tunica vaginalis. Clinical presentation involves sudden severe testicular pain. Ultrasound can detect reduced or absent blood flow to the affected testicle. Treatment involves manual detorsion or surgical exploration with orchiopexy on the contralateral side. Outcomes depend on the duration of symptoms - less than 6 hours allows for nearly 100% testicular
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Cystic ovarian degeneration Dr. Najmu Saaqib Reegoo DVM
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The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
The Diamonds of 2023-2024 in the IGRA collection
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
How to deliver Powerpoint Presentations.pptx
"How to make and deliver dynamic presentations by making it more interactive to captivate your audience attention"
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
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This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience
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Wahiba Chair's Talk at the 2024 Learning Ideas Conference. PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
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South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
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বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
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Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
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How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience
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What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
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South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
Developmental dysplasia of hip joint (DDH)
- 1. By DR AMJAD ALI PGR ORTHOPEDIC UNIT 2 DEVELOPMENTAL DYSPLASIA OF THE HIP
- 3. ETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY • INCIDENCE OF DDH IS 1 IN 1000 LIVE BIRTHS. • FEMALE TO MALE RATIO IS 4 : 1 • POSITIVE FAMILY HISTORY • FIRSTBORN CHILD • MORE COMMON IN LEFT HIP • BREECH DELIEVERY • LIGAMENTOUS LAXITY DUE TO MATERNAL HORMONE RELAXIN
- 4. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND DIAGNOSIS IN NEWBORNS ( < 6 MONTHS OLD): • CLINICAL EXAMINATION IN NEWBORN IS DONE WITH POSITIVE HISTORY OF RISK FACTORS. • DYNAMIC ULTRASOUND IS USEFUL IN DIAGNOSIS OF DDH IN NEONATES THAN XRAY AS FEMORAL HEAD OOSIFICATION OCCURS AT AGE 4-6 MONTHS.
- 5. IN NEONATES ON PHYSICAL EXAMINATION ORTOLANI TEST IS +ve (elevation and abduction of femur relocates a dislocated hip) BARLOW TEST IS +Ve (adduction and depression of femur dislocates hip)
- 21. RADIOGRAPHY IS USED IN INFANTS AND WALKING AGE GROUPS FOR DIAGNOSIS OF DDH AS OSSIFICATION OF FEMORAL HEAD HAS COMPLETED.
- 26. TREATMENT: • THE EARLIER THE BETTER. • SPECIFIC TREATMENT DEPENDS ON CHILD AGE. • BEST TIME FOR TREATMENT IS NEWBORN PERIOD. • THE GOALS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DDH ARE TO OBTAIN A CONCENTRIC REDUCTION OF THE FEMORAL HEAD WITHIN THE ACETABULUM TO PROVIDE THE OPTIMAL ENVIRONMENT FOR THE NORMAL DEVELOPMNT OF BOTH THE FEMRAL HEAD AND ACETABULUM. • THE LATER THE DIAGNOSIS OF DDH IS MADE,MORE DIFFICULT IS TO ACHIEVE THESE GOALS AND THE IS LESS POTENTIAL FOR ACTETABULAR AND PROXIMAL FEMORAL REMODELING.
- 27. TREATMENT 1-6 MONTHS : • FIRST CHOICE IS PAVLIK HARNESS BRACE. • IT PREVENTS HIP EXTENSION AND ADDUCTION BUT ALLOWS FLEXION AND ABDUCTION WHICH LEAD TO REDUCTION AND STABILIZATION.
- 30. • PAVLIK HARNESS IS WORN 23 HOURS A DAY FOR 6 WEEKS AFTER REDUCTION, AND FOR NIGHT ONLY FOR NEXT 6-8 WEEEKS. • PATIENT IS FOLLOWED UP FOR EVERY TWO WEEK INTERVAL AND STRAPS ARE ADJUSTED TO ACCOMMODATE GROWTH. • USG IS USED FOR FOLLOW UP TO VERIFY POSITION OF HIP.
- 31. • COMPLICATIONS OF PEVLIK HARNESS INCLUDE AVN, FEMORAL NERVE NEUROPATHY.FAILURE OF REDUCTION. • IF ANY COMPLICATION OCCURS DISCONTINUE BRACE. • CLOSE REDUCTION AND SPICA CASTING SHOULD BE CONSIDERED
- 32. TREATMENT 6-18 MONTHS: • CLOSE REDUCTION AND SPICA CAST IMMOBILIZATION IS RECOMMENDED IN THIS AGE GROUP. • SKIN TRACTION IS APPLIED 1 -2 WEEKS BEFORE REDUCTION. • PERCUTANEOUS OR OPEN ADDUCTOR TENOTOMY CAN BE DONE FOR ADDUCTOR CONTRACTURE. • SPICA CAST IS APPLIED WITH HIP JOINT IN 95 DEGREE OF FLEXION AND 40-45 DEGREE OF ABDUCTION. • SPICA CAST IS CONTINUED FOR 3-4 MONTHS.
- 33. • RADIOGRAPH IS USED TO ENSURE FEMORAL HEAD IS REDUCED ANATMOMICALY IN TO ACETABULUM. • IF CLOSE REDUCTION FAILS OPEN REDUCTION IS CONSIDERED.
- 34. TREATMENT 18 MONTHS ---3YEARS • OPEN REDUCTION IS RECOMMENDED IN THIS GROUP, • ANTERIOR APPROACH (SOMERVILLE) • MEDIAL (LUDLOFF) • SPICA CAST IS APPLIED AFTER REDUCTION FOR 3-4 MONTHS.
- 39. TREATMENT IN 3 YEARS AND ABOVE IN THIS AGE GROUP STRUCTURAL ALTERATIONS IN FEMORAL HEAD AND ACETABULUM HAVE OCCURRED.SO IN ADDITION TO OPEN REDUCTION THEY NEED • FEMORAL OSTEOTOMY(VARUS DERORATIONAL OSTEOTOMY OF FEMUR) • FEMORAL SHORTENING • PEVLIC OSTEOTOMIES (SALTER ,PAMBERTON).
- 43. THANK YOU