Hi everyone! This PowerpointPresentation is produced by a student. This presentation includes some English topics for Grade 8 learners. Enjoy learning!
This document discusses cohesive devices used to connect ideas in text. There are three main types of cohesive devices: repetition, synonyms, and pronouns. Transitional devices are also discussed as words that give cues on the relationship between sentences. Examples are provided of each type of cohesive device.
This document discusses opinion marking signals and how to identify opinions. It defines facts as statements that can be objectively verified, while opinions reflect personal views and may not be supported by evidence. Examples of facts and opinions are provided. Opinion marking signals are introduced as words and phrases that help express opinions, such as "I think", "in my opinion", and "I believe". The functions of opinion marking signals are described as helping to politely interrupt or qualify a statement as an opinion rather than a fact.
The document defines modal verbs as helping verbs used with the base form of main verbs. It provides examples of common modal verbs like can, may, must, should, etc. and discusses some key differences in how modal verbs are used compared to ordinary verbs, such as not taking an -s in the third person singular or requiring the verb without "to" after most modals. The document also provides examples of different modalities (ability, permission, possibility, certainty, obligation) expressed by various modal verbs.
It is a powerpoint presentation that discusses about the lesson or topic: Context Clues. It also talks about the definition and different types and examples for the topic: Context Clues.
This document discusses different types of connections readers can make including text-to-self, text-to-world, and connections between parts of the text. Text-to-self connections involve linking the reading to one's own experiences. Text-to-world connections relate the reading to events in the real world. Making connections helps readers by giving them insights into characters' feelings and actions, keeping them engaged by visualizing the text, preventing boredom, and maintaining a reading purpose and focus.
This document provides instruction on identifying genres of viewing materials. It begins by stating the lesson objectives which are to organize information from viewed materials, determine their purpose and intended audience, and identify their features.
Several genres of viewing materials are then defined, including news flashes, weather reports, internet-based programs, movie trailers, and documentaries. Examples are provided for each.
An assessment activity is included where students must match genres to their defining features and identify genres based on descriptions. The document concludes with an assignment for students to view a material, analyze it based on provided criteria, and present their findings to the class.
This document provides information about analogies and examples of different types of analogy relationships:
1. It defines an analogy as a comparison between two things that have some type of relationship or relating factor.
2. It describes several primary categories of relationships used to form analogies, including function, degree, characteristic, part to whole, antonyms/synonyms, and classification.
3. Examples are given for each category to illustrate the relationships, such as "performer is to action as painter is to paint" for function and "empty:full::awkward:graceful" for antonyms.
4. Two assessment exercises are included for the reader to practice identifying analogy relationships and completing analogy statements.
The document outlines a lesson plan for teaching students about relating text to social issues, explaining causes and effects, and presenting news reports. The lesson includes activities where students read about social issues, identify causes and effects in groups, and write a speech as president identifying a key issue. Students will then present a news report on an issue in their community. The goal is for students to understand how to analyze issues, relate text to real life, and respect different perspectives.
This document discusses cohesive devices used to connect ideas in text. There are three main types of cohesive devices: repetition, synonyms, and pronouns. Transitional devices are also discussed as words that give cues on the relationship between sentences. Examples are provided of each type of cohesive device.
This document discusses opinion marking signals and how to identify opinions. It defines facts as statements that can be objectively verified, while opinions reflect personal views and may not be supported by evidence. Examples of facts and opinions are provided. Opinion marking signals are introduced as words and phrases that help express opinions, such as "I think", "in my opinion", and "I believe". The functions of opinion marking signals are described as helping to politely interrupt or qualify a statement as an opinion rather than a fact.
The document defines modal verbs as helping verbs used with the base form of main verbs. It provides examples of common modal verbs like can, may, must, should, etc. and discusses some key differences in how modal verbs are used compared to ordinary verbs, such as not taking an -s in the third person singular or requiring the verb without "to" after most modals. The document also provides examples of different modalities (ability, permission, possibility, certainty, obligation) expressed by various modal verbs.
It is a powerpoint presentation that discusses about the lesson or topic: Context Clues. It also talks about the definition and different types and examples for the topic: Context Clues.
This document discusses different types of connections readers can make including text-to-self, text-to-world, and connections between parts of the text. Text-to-self connections involve linking the reading to one's own experiences. Text-to-world connections relate the reading to events in the real world. Making connections helps readers by giving them insights into characters' feelings and actions, keeping them engaged by visualizing the text, preventing boredom, and maintaining a reading purpose and focus.
This document provides instruction on identifying genres of viewing materials. It begins by stating the lesson objectives which are to organize information from viewed materials, determine their purpose and intended audience, and identify their features.
Several genres of viewing materials are then defined, including news flashes, weather reports, internet-based programs, movie trailers, and documentaries. Examples are provided for each.
An assessment activity is included where students must match genres to their defining features and identify genres based on descriptions. The document concludes with an assignment for students to view a material, analyze it based on provided criteria, and present their findings to the class.
This document provides information about analogies and examples of different types of analogy relationships:
1. It defines an analogy as a comparison between two things that have some type of relationship or relating factor.
2. It describes several primary categories of relationships used to form analogies, including function, degree, characteristic, part to whole, antonyms/synonyms, and classification.
3. Examples are given for each category to illustrate the relationships, such as "performer is to action as painter is to paint" for function and "empty:full::awkward:graceful" for antonyms.
4. Two assessment exercises are included for the reader to practice identifying analogy relationships and completing analogy statements.
The document outlines a lesson plan for teaching students about relating text to social issues, explaining causes and effects, and presenting news reports. The lesson includes activities where students read about social issues, identify causes and effects in groups, and write a speech as president identifying a key issue. Students will then present a news report on an issue in their community. The goal is for students to understand how to analyze issues, relate text to real life, and respect different perspectives.
This document discusses visual-verbal relationships in expository texts. It begins by stating the learning objectives of being able to explain visual-verbal relationships illustrated in tables, graphs, and maps in expository texts. It then defines expository text as presenting facts and information on a specific topic to explain, inform or describe. Authors use graphics to help readers understand concepts presented. Graphics can be interpreted by understanding infographics, diagrams, charts, and their components. The last part discusses what visual-verbal relationships are, with visuals supporting verbals and vice versa.
This document discusses using analogy to describe or make a point. It begins with reviewing the definition of summarizing as writing a shortened version of a text in one's own words. The document then covers the lesson objectives of completing analogies by supplying words to identify relationships, and using analogies correctly. It defines analogy as a comparison between two unlike things for explanation or clarification. Examples of different analogy types like synonyms and part-whole are provided. The document emphasizes that the goal of analogy is to make a point about the comparison. It also discusses using simile and metaphor when creating analogies and provides examples to distinguish between the two. In the end, it reviews the key points about analogy and invites any questions.
This document provides information on paragraph rhetoric models, including describing, defining, classification, compare/contrast, and cause and effect. It discusses how to write paragraphs using these models, with examples for each. Key details covered include using sensory details in descriptive paragraphs, extending dictionary definitions, organizing compare/contrast paragraphs in block or point-by-point format, and establishing direct and indirect causes and effects. The document also reviews patterns of development in writing like narration, description, definition, exemplification, and persuasion.
To get a good band score in your IELTS writing, you should use cohesive devices. With coherence, cohesion makes up 25% of your final IELTS writing band score. In this slideshow are some of the most useful cohesive devices to use in your ILETS writing.
Reading_Lesson 7 Explicit and Implicit Claims in a TextTine Lachica
This document provides information about explicit and implicit information. It defines explicit information as ideas that are directly stated in the text and do not require clues to understand. Implicit information, on the other hand, is indirectly stated and must be inferred. The document gives examples of implicit messages that could be inferred from advertisements without directly saying them. It also discusses how to process implicit information by reading between the lines.
This document provides an introduction to an English class for 8th grade students. It begins with an opening prayer and introduces a pre-lesson activity where students are given sentences with boldfaced words and must determine the meaning of the words based on context clues. The document then defines what context clues are and lists the different types of context clues including definition, synonym, antonym, comparison, example, explanation, list or series of clues, inference, and cause-effect. The objectives of the lesson are also stated as helping students define and describe context clues, identify them, construct sentences using context clues, and develop appreciation for local Filipino culture.
Opinion and Assertion Detailed Lesson Plan LizaMaeHinayon
1. There are many candidates hoping to replace Rodrigo Duterte as president of the Philippines in the 2022 election, as Duterte is only allowed one six-year term according to the constitution.
2. Political science professor Richard Heydarian says there is no clear frontrunner candidate and the race will be highly competitive.
3. Journalist Maria Ressa criticized Duterte's crackdown on civil society and war on drugs, saying he has left the country in a worse state than when he took office, with weakened institutions.
The document discusses different patterns of idea development in paragraphs including general-to-particular, claim-and-counterclaim, problem-solution, and cause-effect. It provides examples and explanations of each pattern as well as signal words to smoothly transition between general and specific ideas. Readers are given activities to identify patterns in examples and construct their own paragraph using the general-to-particular structure.
The document outlines instructions for students at Kabasalan Science and Technology High School to complete an assignment on composing an independent critique of a chosen literary selection. It provides guidance on defining a literary critique, reading the short story "A Day in the Country", and composing the critique by including an introduction, 3 body paragraphs with topic sentences and textual evidence, and a conclusion. The document serves as a teaching resource to instruct students on how to successfully write a literary critique.
Bias occurs when an author favors one side of an issue without presenting sufficient evidence. An author is biased if they are heavily opinionated and rely on unsupported claims rather than facts, trying to persuade the reader without factual evidence. To determine an author's biases, one must examine the evidence presented and diction used, looking for facts and information versus opinions, and words that convey the author's stance.
This document discusses recognizing positive and negative messages from various information sources like books, magazines, online platforms and people. It states that this information can influence us in different ways depending on how we interpret and act on the messages. The objectives are to determine the gist or message of texts, identify positive and negative messages, and create ideas based on given texts. It provides examples of emotive words that denote positive or negative messages and defines tone and persuasion. Learning tasks involve identifying positive or negative messages in statements and finding the gist of a text.
- An analogy compares two concepts to explain an unfamiliar idea by drawing parallels between them. It can be used as a type of argument or figure of speech like a simile or metaphor.
- Jodi Picoult uses the analogy of a burning building to represent the threat of death, with the mother willing to risk her own life to save her child, just as the character sends her child into danger to save another.
- John Green compares being trapped in life's decisions to being lost in a labyrinth, with people imagining escaping it through an idealized future, just as the character feels trapped in her present circumstances.
This document provides guidance on summarizing argumentative texts and outlines the typical structure of an argumentative essay. It explains that argumentative texts aim to persuade readers by presenting both supporting and opposing views on an issue. When summarizing such texts, key details to extract include the central issue and opinions both for and against it. The document then outlines the standard three-paragraph structure of introduction, body, and conclusion for argumentative essays. It provides an example topic on whether students should be allowed to bring mobile phones to school and includes potential processing questions to analyze such an argument.
This document contains a quiz with multiple choice and essay questions about appropriate use of multimedia resources. It tests knowledge of key multimedia terms and platforms, advantages and disadvantages of multimedia, and principles of ethics from different philosophical traditions. The quiz is followed by answers to all questions.
Linear text refers to traditional text that needs to be read from beginning to the end while nonlinear text refers to text that does not need to be read from beginning to the end.
Grade 9 english lesson exemplar 2nd quarterShiela Capili
This document contains a lesson exemplar for a 9th grade English class. It includes learning competencies, content, tasks and assessments related to analyzing literature and comparing information across texts. Specifically, it focuses on exploring the concepts of valuing others and their circumstances through analyzing two poems - "Auld Lang Syne" and "I Think Continually of Those Who Were Truly Great". Students will read and discuss the poems, identifying similarities and differences. They will then explore the idea of greatness further through learning about Martin Luther King Jr. and creating infographics about Filipinos who exemplify greatness. The goal is for students to gain insights about valuing others from analyzing the literature.
Multimodal texts are a combination of two or more communication modes, for example, print, image and spoken text as in film or computer presentations.
This presentation has complete details on activities and exemplars of multimodal text pursuant to most essential learning competencies of the Department of Education.
The document discusses different types of speech contexts including intrapersonal communication which occurs within oneself, interpersonal communication between two or more individuals, public communication to a larger audience, and mass communication through media. It provides examples of each type and guidance on effective communication for different contexts like listening skills for interpersonal exchanges and preparation for public speaking. The purpose is for students to understand different speech situations and communicate appropriately for the context.
Using conditional-in-expressing-argumentsJohnSmith5397
This document provides information about using different types of conditionals to express arguments:
- Zero conditional uses present tense and refers to general truths and habits (e.g. "If you leave the object, it drops").
- First conditional uses present tense and simple future to refer to likely future situations (e.g. "If you don't hurry, you will be late").
- Second conditional uses past tense and "would" to talk about unlikely or improbable situations (e.g. "If I won the lottery, I would buy a house").
- Third conditional uses past perfect tense to describe actions that could have been different if past conditions were different (e.g. "If
The document provides an overview of the English language, including its alphabet, letters, vowels and consonants. It discusses words, syllables, sentences and their parts. It also summarizes the eight parts of speech - noun, pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction and interjection - and provides details on their types and usage. Gender, articles, infinitives, participles and gerunds are also covered briefly.
This document provides an overview of a lesson on reading skills and strategies. It introduces objectives of describing a written text, defining reading skills, and explaining reading strategies. It includes activities like a vocabulary check on an excerpt and context clue exercises to identify unfamiliar words from an article. Students are asked to choose words, determine their meanings from context, and discuss their findings with peers. The lesson encourages active reading and applying strategies to improve comprehension.
This document discusses visual-verbal relationships in expository texts. It begins by stating the learning objectives of being able to explain visual-verbal relationships illustrated in tables, graphs, and maps in expository texts. It then defines expository text as presenting facts and information on a specific topic to explain, inform or describe. Authors use graphics to help readers understand concepts presented. Graphics can be interpreted by understanding infographics, diagrams, charts, and their components. The last part discusses what visual-verbal relationships are, with visuals supporting verbals and vice versa.
This document discusses using analogy to describe or make a point. It begins with reviewing the definition of summarizing as writing a shortened version of a text in one's own words. The document then covers the lesson objectives of completing analogies by supplying words to identify relationships, and using analogies correctly. It defines analogy as a comparison between two unlike things for explanation or clarification. Examples of different analogy types like synonyms and part-whole are provided. The document emphasizes that the goal of analogy is to make a point about the comparison. It also discusses using simile and metaphor when creating analogies and provides examples to distinguish between the two. In the end, it reviews the key points about analogy and invites any questions.
This document provides information on paragraph rhetoric models, including describing, defining, classification, compare/contrast, and cause and effect. It discusses how to write paragraphs using these models, with examples for each. Key details covered include using sensory details in descriptive paragraphs, extending dictionary definitions, organizing compare/contrast paragraphs in block or point-by-point format, and establishing direct and indirect causes and effects. The document also reviews patterns of development in writing like narration, description, definition, exemplification, and persuasion.
To get a good band score in your IELTS writing, you should use cohesive devices. With coherence, cohesion makes up 25% of your final IELTS writing band score. In this slideshow are some of the most useful cohesive devices to use in your ILETS writing.
Reading_Lesson 7 Explicit and Implicit Claims in a TextTine Lachica
This document provides information about explicit and implicit information. It defines explicit information as ideas that are directly stated in the text and do not require clues to understand. Implicit information, on the other hand, is indirectly stated and must be inferred. The document gives examples of implicit messages that could be inferred from advertisements without directly saying them. It also discusses how to process implicit information by reading between the lines.
This document provides an introduction to an English class for 8th grade students. It begins with an opening prayer and introduces a pre-lesson activity where students are given sentences with boldfaced words and must determine the meaning of the words based on context clues. The document then defines what context clues are and lists the different types of context clues including definition, synonym, antonym, comparison, example, explanation, list or series of clues, inference, and cause-effect. The objectives of the lesson are also stated as helping students define and describe context clues, identify them, construct sentences using context clues, and develop appreciation for local Filipino culture.
Opinion and Assertion Detailed Lesson Plan LizaMaeHinayon
1. There are many candidates hoping to replace Rodrigo Duterte as president of the Philippines in the 2022 election, as Duterte is only allowed one six-year term according to the constitution.
2. Political science professor Richard Heydarian says there is no clear frontrunner candidate and the race will be highly competitive.
3. Journalist Maria Ressa criticized Duterte's crackdown on civil society and war on drugs, saying he has left the country in a worse state than when he took office, with weakened institutions.
The document discusses different patterns of idea development in paragraphs including general-to-particular, claim-and-counterclaim, problem-solution, and cause-effect. It provides examples and explanations of each pattern as well as signal words to smoothly transition between general and specific ideas. Readers are given activities to identify patterns in examples and construct their own paragraph using the general-to-particular structure.
The document outlines instructions for students at Kabasalan Science and Technology High School to complete an assignment on composing an independent critique of a chosen literary selection. It provides guidance on defining a literary critique, reading the short story "A Day in the Country", and composing the critique by including an introduction, 3 body paragraphs with topic sentences and textual evidence, and a conclusion. The document serves as a teaching resource to instruct students on how to successfully write a literary critique.
Bias occurs when an author favors one side of an issue without presenting sufficient evidence. An author is biased if they are heavily opinionated and rely on unsupported claims rather than facts, trying to persuade the reader without factual evidence. To determine an author's biases, one must examine the evidence presented and diction used, looking for facts and information versus opinions, and words that convey the author's stance.
This document discusses recognizing positive and negative messages from various information sources like books, magazines, online platforms and people. It states that this information can influence us in different ways depending on how we interpret and act on the messages. The objectives are to determine the gist or message of texts, identify positive and negative messages, and create ideas based on given texts. It provides examples of emotive words that denote positive or negative messages and defines tone and persuasion. Learning tasks involve identifying positive or negative messages in statements and finding the gist of a text.
- An analogy compares two concepts to explain an unfamiliar idea by drawing parallels between them. It can be used as a type of argument or figure of speech like a simile or metaphor.
- Jodi Picoult uses the analogy of a burning building to represent the threat of death, with the mother willing to risk her own life to save her child, just as the character sends her child into danger to save another.
- John Green compares being trapped in life's decisions to being lost in a labyrinth, with people imagining escaping it through an idealized future, just as the character feels trapped in her present circumstances.
This document provides guidance on summarizing argumentative texts and outlines the typical structure of an argumentative essay. It explains that argumentative texts aim to persuade readers by presenting both supporting and opposing views on an issue. When summarizing such texts, key details to extract include the central issue and opinions both for and against it. The document then outlines the standard three-paragraph structure of introduction, body, and conclusion for argumentative essays. It provides an example topic on whether students should be allowed to bring mobile phones to school and includes potential processing questions to analyze such an argument.
This document contains a quiz with multiple choice and essay questions about appropriate use of multimedia resources. It tests knowledge of key multimedia terms and platforms, advantages and disadvantages of multimedia, and principles of ethics from different philosophical traditions. The quiz is followed by answers to all questions.
Linear text refers to traditional text that needs to be read from beginning to the end while nonlinear text refers to text that does not need to be read from beginning to the end.
Grade 9 english lesson exemplar 2nd quarterShiela Capili
This document contains a lesson exemplar for a 9th grade English class. It includes learning competencies, content, tasks and assessments related to analyzing literature and comparing information across texts. Specifically, it focuses on exploring the concepts of valuing others and their circumstances through analyzing two poems - "Auld Lang Syne" and "I Think Continually of Those Who Were Truly Great". Students will read and discuss the poems, identifying similarities and differences. They will then explore the idea of greatness further through learning about Martin Luther King Jr. and creating infographics about Filipinos who exemplify greatness. The goal is for students to gain insights about valuing others from analyzing the literature.
Multimodal texts are a combination of two or more communication modes, for example, print, image and spoken text as in film or computer presentations.
This presentation has complete details on activities and exemplars of multimodal text pursuant to most essential learning competencies of the Department of Education.
The document discusses different types of speech contexts including intrapersonal communication which occurs within oneself, interpersonal communication between two or more individuals, public communication to a larger audience, and mass communication through media. It provides examples of each type and guidance on effective communication for different contexts like listening skills for interpersonal exchanges and preparation for public speaking. The purpose is for students to understand different speech situations and communicate appropriately for the context.
Using conditional-in-expressing-argumentsJohnSmith5397
This document provides information about using different types of conditionals to express arguments:
- Zero conditional uses present tense and refers to general truths and habits (e.g. "If you leave the object, it drops").
- First conditional uses present tense and simple future to refer to likely future situations (e.g. "If you don't hurry, you will be late").
- Second conditional uses past tense and "would" to talk about unlikely or improbable situations (e.g. "If I won the lottery, I would buy a house").
- Third conditional uses past perfect tense to describe actions that could have been different if past conditions were different (e.g. "If
The document provides an overview of the English language, including its alphabet, letters, vowels and consonants. It discusses words, syllables, sentences and their parts. It also summarizes the eight parts of speech - noun, pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction and interjection - and provides details on their types and usage. Gender, articles, infinitives, participles and gerunds are also covered briefly.
This document provides an overview of a lesson on reading skills and strategies. It introduces objectives of describing a written text, defining reading skills, and explaining reading strategies. It includes activities like a vocabulary check on an excerpt and context clue exercises to identify unfamiliar words from an article. Students are asked to choose words, determine their meanings from context, and discuss their findings with peers. The lesson encourages active reading and applying strategies to improve comprehension.
A course in language teaching diapositives allguesta782e2a
Penny Ur has over 30 years of experience teaching English in Israel. She is interested in language teaching methodology, particularly related to fluency and accuracy. The book provides materials and guidance for teaching English, including activities for teaching pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, speaking, reading, and writing. It also addresses testing students, presenting new topics, classroom interaction patterns, questioning techniques, classroom management, teaching younger vs. older learners, and teaching heterogeneous classes.
This document provides information about various poetic techniques, parts of speech, sentence structures, writing styles, and visual features used in media. It defines terms like rhyme, rhythm, simile, metaphor, personification, alliteration, assonance, sibilance, onomatopoeia, and more. It also discusses parts of speech, simple sentences, compound sentences, complex sentences, colloquial vs formal language, tone, emotive language, and slang. Visual features of media like layout, lettering, color, images are also defined. Examples are provided to illustrate each concept.
This document discusses peer review of writing assignments. It provides guidance on how to conduct an effective peer review by objectively giving feedback to help writers improve their work. Key points include focusing feedback on content over surface errors, asking questions if confused, and suggesting examples or details. The purpose of peer review is to help writers see their work through another person's perspective and learn from others' strengths and weaknesses.
From Writing in the Works (7th ed.)By Susan Blau and Kathryn BJeanmarieColbert3
From Writing in the Works (7th ed.)
By Susan Blau and Kathryn Burak
Ten Tips for a Clear Writing Style
1. CUT CLUTTER
Use clear language to help your reader
understand your thinking.
Wordy language only clutters what you are trying to say.
WORDY: The students who won the prizes will meet the judges at the conference on the day when they hold the dinner to commemorate their work.
CLEAR: The prize-winning students will meet the judges at the conference’s commemorative dinner.
2. AVOID REDUNDANCY
Be aware of the meanings of words you select. Be careful not to use adjectives or adverbs that repeat or take away from the meaning of the words they describe.
EXAMPLES OF REDUNDANCY:
Very unique Tall skyscraper
Refer back End result
Repeat again Cooperate together
Free complimentary dinner Basic fundamentals
Smiled happily
3. LIMIT QUALIFIERS
Qualifiers (such as adjectives and adverbs) limit or modify other words, and they also add color and texture to writing. However, some qualifiers – such as many, somewhat, very, relatively, and rather – do the opposite; they make writing dull.
EXAMPLE:
The constant use of the adjective little (except to indicate size) is particularly debilitating; we should all try to do a little better, we should all be very watchful of this rule, for it is a rather important one, and we are pretty sure to violate it now and then.
– E.B. White, The Elements of Style
What qualifiers are unnecessary in the above sentence?
4. CUT IT IS AND THERE ARE FROM YOUR WRITING
Try to avoid beginning sentences with It is or There are. These are unnecessary expressions that prevent your reader from getting to the point of the sentence.
ORIGINAL: There are two cats sleeping in the bay window.
REWRITE: Two cats sleep in the bay window.
5. USE YOUR NATURAL VOCABULARY
Sometimes writers are tempted to pump some air into flabby prose by inflating their language. Almost always, the result sounds awkward, unnatural, even confusing. When you use your natural vocabulary, words that have meaning and nuance for you, you can communicate more precisely, more clearly, and with more authority.
PUMPED UP: The deleterious result of prolixity in writing results in obfuscatory textual material.
NATURAL: Wordiness results in confusing writing.
6. LIMIT JARGON
Jargon is used by many professionals who speak to each other in a kind of specialized language. It is tempting to try out “insider” language, but try to avoid that temptation.
7. AVOID EUPHEMISM
Euphemism is language that covers up the truth – either out of prudery (using powder room instead of bathroom or bathroom instead of toilet), sensitivity (using passed on instead of died), or the desire to sound more respectful or elevated (using waste disposal personnel instead of garbage collectors). Euphemisms can make your writing sound wordy and pretentious.
8. USE THE ACTIVE VOICE (Most of the Time)
A sentence is in the active or passive voice depending ...
A lesson plan in english using suggestopediaKat Lutao
This lesson plan aims to teach students how to express feelings and emotions implicitly through analogies using the song "Father and Son" by Cat Stevens. The lesson begins with playing the song and asking students to reflect on their relationships with their parents. It then discusses how analogies can be used to indirectly compare two things, using examples like "Time is like a river". Students are asked to think of analogies that relate to the message of the song. Finally, they must work in groups to generate analogies for other topics and individually analyze another song of their choice.
This document discusses articles and adjectives in the English language. It defines articles as words that indicate whether a noun refers to a specific or general thing. There are two types of articles: definite articles like "the" which refer to specific nouns, and indefinite articles like "a" or "an" which refer to general nouns. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns, and there are different types including descriptive, demonstrative, possessive, and indefinite adjectives. The document provides examples to illustrate the usage of these parts of speech.
The document provides an overview of different types of essays, including their key features and structures. It discusses 7 genres or kinds of essays: discussion, explanation, instruction, report, recount, book review, and narrative. It also outlines the overall structure and paragraph structures common to most essays, as well as cohesive devices and language features. Additionally, it delves into specific types like descriptive, definition, compare/contrast, cause/effect, narrative, process, argumentative, and critical essays. Key details are provided on what each type involves and examples of topics they may discuss.
Discourse analysis session 12 and 13_07-12_12_2021 Stress and intonation in d...Dr.Badriya Al Mamari
This document provides information about stress and intonation in English discourse. It discusses topics like word stress patterns, stressed vs. unstressed syllables, content vs. function words, different types of stress (primary, secondary, etc.), stress shifts between verbs and nouns, stress in multi-word expressions, and intonation patterns in statements, questions, exclamations. It also provides examples of different intonation tones like fall, rise, fall-rise and links to additional online resources about English pronunciation.
This document provides guidance on writing a research paper, including gathering ideas, developing a thesis, organizing notes, drafting sections, revising, editing, and formatting citations. Key steps are to read the assignment, focus your topic, ask questions to form a thesis, take notes and organize ideas, come up with a title, write an introduction with your thesis, support your ideas with evidence, edit for clarity and conciseness, and proofread the final draft.
This document discusses the use of diction and tone in literature to reveal a speaker's attitudes. It provides examples of formal, informal, and slang diction. Tone is defined as the author's attitude toward the subject, audience, or characters. Word choice influences tone and can reveal feelings like cheerfulness, pessimism, or arrogance. The document examines a poem and asks discussion questions about how the speaker's diction and tone reflect their attitudes and central purpose. Students are given exercises to identify tone, analyze poems for use of diction and tone, and create dialogues or performances based on the poems.
The document provides tips for building vocabulary, including using context clues to determine word meanings, learning word parts like prefixes and suffixes, reading widely to be exposed to new words, testing your knowledge of words, and using new words. It emphasizes the importance of reading regularly from various materials to continuously improve vocabulary over time.
The document provides tips for building vocabulary, including using context clues when reading to determine the meanings of unknown words, learning word parts like prefixes, suffixes and roots, reading widely to be exposed to new words, testing your knowledge of words, using library and online resources, and practicing using new words. It emphasizes the benefits of regular reading to dramatically increase vocabulary over time.
The document discusses common mistakes made by English language learners regarding article usage. It provides 5 examples of errors and explains the correct usage of articles in each case. Key rules are outlined for using the indefinite articles "a" and "an", the definite article "the", and no article. Common errors like omitting articles are also described.
This document provides an overview of academic language and texts. It defines academic language as the formal language used in classroom settings, textbooks, and assignments that requires mastery of complex ideas and abstract concepts. In contrast, social language is informal and used with friends and family. The document outlines several key characteristics of academic language, including being formal, impersonal, precise, and objective. It also compares academic and non-academic texts, noting academic texts have a formal structure and style, cite sources, address complex topics through evidence-based arguments, and are written for an academic audience. The document contains examples and activities to help distinguish academic from non-academic language and evaluate sample texts.
This document discusses concepts of cohesion and coherence in discourse analysis. It defines cohesion as the links that hold sentences, ideas and details together clearly and coherence as the quality of being logical and consistent. Cohesion and coherence are important to help readers understand ideas as intended and achieve a consistent relationship among text elements. The document outlines different types of grammatical cohesion including reference, substitution and ellipsis. Reference can be exophoric, endophoric, personal, demonstrative or comparative. Substitution can be nominal, verbal or clausal. Ellipsis involves the deletion of words implied by context.
The document discusses techniques for analyzing tone in fiction writing, including DIDLS (Diction, Syntax, Imagery, Details, Language, Structure). It provides examples of different types of diction (word choice) and sentence structures that can affect tone. Imagery is described as using language to create sensory impressions and evoke responses in readers. Details are facts that support the author's attitude or tone.
The document provides information about using context clues to determine the meaning of unknown words. It discusses the 5 main types of context clues: definition/explanation clues, restatement/synonym clues, contrast/antonym clues, gist clues, and example clues. Examples are given for each type of clue to illustrate how context can reveal a word's definition.
This document outlines an English curriculum for first grade students. It includes legal references that establish learning a foreign language as an educational objective in Colombia. The curriculum aims to develop students' affective, cognitive, and expressive skills related to greetings, classroom objects, numbers, and family members vocabulary. Teaching methods focus on developing intellectual operations like comprehending, naming, projecting, and introjecting. The curriculum also provides evaluation indicators, learning competencies, and sample lesson plans and activities to practice the targeted vocabulary and language functions.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
2. BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Gives the reader of your essay or assignment an idea of your wide reading
on the topic studied.
- The alphabetical listing of the books, articles, and other sources used is
an easy guide for the reader to follow.
BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR
BOOKS
BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR
MAGAZINES
BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR
WEBPAGE
INTRODUCTION
3. BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR
BOOKS
Author’s Surname, First Name Initials( Date of Publication). Title of
Book. Place of Publication: Publishing House.
EXAMPLE
1. Book with one author:
Hutchens, B. (2001). Nickel and dimed: On (not) getting by in America. New
York: Henry Holt and Company.
2. Book with more than one author:
Ehrenreich, D.L., and Ross, L. (2007). Pearl, the man and the place: The Origin
of Mount Pearl. St. John’s, NL: Seaflow Publishing.
BACK
INRODUCTION
4. BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR
MAGAZINES
Author’s Surname, First Name Initials( Date of Publication). “Title of
Article”. Title of Magazine, page number.
EXAMPLE
Pincott, J. (2012, March 9). Slips of the tongue. Psychology Today, 15-22.
BACK
INTRODUCTION
5. BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR
WEBPAGE
Author’s Surname, First Name Initials( Date of Publication). “Title of
Article”. Retrieved from website.
EXAMPLE
Holland, N.N. (1982). Laughing: A psychology of humor. Retrieved from
http://www.vflib.vfi.edu/hdnhbd/-j43567.
BACK
INTRODUCTION
6. MODALS
Modals are helping verbs that are used only with a main verb to help
express its mood such that of possibility, ability, permission,
obligation, request and others.
INTRODUCTION
7. COHESIVE
DEVICES
Words that link parts within a written article. They are signal words
that facilitate the smooth interpretation of ideas of the readers in
the manner the writer wants them to be undrerstood.
Similarity Add information
Relation in
time
Difference Result
INTRODUCTION
8. Relation in
time
Examples:
Before, meanwhile, later, soon, at last, earlier, thereafter, afterward, by that
time, from then on, first, next, now, presently, shortly, immediately, finally
Sentences:
1. At last, I’ve discovered how to print envelopes on my printer.
2. Starting on my 21st birthday, I’ll stop eating red meat; thereafter I won’t be
eating red meat.
BACK
INTRODUCTION
9. Similarity
Examples:
Likewise, similarly, once again, once more, also, too, equally, identically
Sentences:
1. He went over the plan once again, stressing the importance of getting details
exactly right.
2. The food was excellent, likewise the wine.
BACK
INTRODUCTION
10. Difference
Examples:
But, yet, however, although, whereas, though, even so, nonetheless, still, on the
other hand, on the contrary
Sentences:
1. Jeric is good in Mathematics but he is weak in English.
2. He is an intelligent boy; however, he lacks good manners.
INTRODUCTION
BACK
11. Result
Examples:
As a result, consequently, therefore, hence, for this reason
Sentences:
1. He was busy; therefore, he could not come.
2. The lime water has turned cloudy; hence carbon dioxide has been produced
during the experiment.
BACK
INTRODUCTION
12. Add information
Examples:
And, in addition, as well as, furthermore, moreover, apart from, more so, in fact
Sentences:
1. The rent is reasonable. Moreover, the location is perfect.
2. I don’t want to go there, furthermore, I have no time to do so.
INTRODUCTION
BACK
13. Emotive language is the term used to refer to word choices that are designed to
evoke an emotional response. It aims to persuade the reader or listener to share
the writer or speaker’s point of view, using language that stimulates an
emotional reaction.
EMOTIVE WORDS
ADVERBS
VERBS
ADJECTIVES
INTRODUCTION
14. ADJECTIVES
Words often used by writers to characterize something in a particular way. When
you see an adjective, think carefully about its connotations and the effect it
might have on the reader.
Delightful heavy
anxious
Witty irritated
awestruck
Festive optimistic
bashful
INTRODUCTION
BACK
15. VERBS
Words that express an action or a state of an emotional or psychological
nature.
amuse annoy confuse
disappoint excite frighten
Surprise interest motivate
INTRODUCTION
BACK
16. ADVERBS
Words that give further information about a verb. Adverbs can be used to
describe actions in a particular way. Always think about the connotations of
adverbs and how they make the reader feel.
Passionately eagerly enthusiastically
Excitedly fiercely impulsively
Intensely jealously strongly
INTRODUCTION
BACK
17. Hints that an author gives to help define a difficult or unusual word within a
book. The clue may appear within the same sentence as the word to which it refers
or may it follow in the next sentence.
CONTEXT CLUES
SPECIFIC
EXAMPLE
EXPLANATION
ANTONYM
SYNONYMS
INTRODUCTION
18. An author will use more than one word that means the same thing. For example,
there may be a complex word followed by a restatement using a simpler word in the
same or following sentence: Felipe is a miser. He’s always been cheap.
SYNONYMS
INTRODUCTION
BACK
19. The text may include a word or words that have the opposite meaning, which can
reveal the meaning of an unknown term: Stella has always dressed flamboyantly.
I’ve never seen her wear a dull color.
ANTONYMS
INTRODUCTION
BACK
20. An unknown word is explained within the sentence or in the sentence immediately
after: On Friday, we visited the arboretum, a garden dedicated to the exhibition
of trees and plants.
EXPLANATION
INTRODUCTION
BACK
21. The text provides one or more examples used to define the term: The children were
able to observe several crustaceans, including crabs, lobsters, and shrimp.
EXAMPLE
INTRODUCTION
BACK