Factors affecting Drug Distribution pharma
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This document discusses drug distribution, which is the movement of drugs from the bloodstream to tissues in the body. The two main processes of drug disposition are distribution and elimination. Several factors affect how drugs are distributed, including lipophilicity, ionization state, plasma protein binding, and tissue binding. Only the unbound, free fraction of a drug can diffuse further into tissues. Differences in tissue permeability and accumulation can cause drug concentrations to vary between organs and tissues. Biological barriers like the blood-brain barrier also influence distribution. Age, pregnancy, obesity, diet, disease states, and drug interactions are miscellaneous factors that can impact a drug's distribution in the body.
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Factors affecting distribution of drug
1. After entering systemic circulation, drugs undergo disposition processes like distribution and elimination. Distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments while elimination causes the irreversible loss of drugs from the body.
2. Several factors affect the distribution of drugs between compartments including tissue permeability, which depends on a drug's physicochemical properties and ability to pass physiological barriers. Organ size and blood flow rates also influence distribution.
3. Binding of drugs to blood components or extracellular tissues can impact distribution by altering a drug's ability to pass between compartments. Other miscellaneous factors like age, disease states, and drug interactions also affect distribution.
Drug distribution
Drug distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments like blood and tissues. Several factors affect how drugs are distributed, including tissue permeability, organ size and blood flow, and binding to tissue components. Drugs with certain physicochemical properties like small molecular size and appropriate lipophilicity more easily pass through barriers and cell membranes into tissues. Additionally, tissues with greater blood flow and perfusion rates allow for faster drug distribution. Finally, the extent to which drugs bind to proteins and other components in blood and tissues impacts their distribution.
distribution.pdf
Drug distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments, such as between the blood and extravascular tissues. It is affected by factors like tissue permeability, organ size and perfusion rate, and binding to tissue components. Distribution plays an important role in the onset, intensity, and duration of a drug's pharmacological action. The apparent volume of distribution relates the amount of drug in the body to its plasma concentration and provides information about a drug's extent of distribution between compartments.
distribution of drugs
The document discusses drug distribution, which refers to the reversible transfer of drugs from the blood compartment to other tissue compartments. Several factors affect drug distribution, including tissue permeability, organ size/perfusion rate, and binding to tissue components. Drugs move from areas of high concentration (blood) to low concentration (tissues) until equilibrium is reached. The apparent volume of distribution is a measure relating the amount of drug in the body to its plasma concentration. Physiological barriers like the blood-brain barrier can restrict distribution of some drugs to certain tissues. Disease states and drug interactions can also impact a drug's distribution profile in the body.
Distribution of drugs
1) Drug distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments like blood and tissues driven by concentration gradients.
2) Distribution is non-uniform and depends on factors like plasma protein binding, tissue permeability and blood flow.
3) The apparent volume of distribution is a measure of how extensively a drug distributes in the body relative to the plasma concentration and is influenced by a drug's physicochemical properties and tissue binding.
Distribution of drug part i
1) Drug distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between the bloodstream and extracellular fluids and tissues through diffusion down a concentration gradient.
2) Many factors influence drug distribution, including physicochemical properties like molecular size and lipophilicity, tissue perfusion rates, and binding to proteins in blood and tissues. Small, uncharged, lipophilic drugs more readily penetrate tissues.
3) Understanding factors that affect drug distribution is important for predicting the onset, intensity, and duration of a drug's pharmacological effects in different parts of the body.
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This document provides an introduction to targeted drug delivery systems. It discusses how targeted delivery aims to concentrate medication in tissues of interest while reducing concentration in other tissues to improve efficacy and reduce side effects. It describes different types of targeted delivery including active targeting using ligands, passive targeting based on physicochemical properties, inverse targeting to saturate RES organs, and dual/double/combination targeting. Specific drug delivery vehicles like liposomes, niosomes, and monoclonal antibodies are also summarized.
targeting methods.pptx
The document discusses targeted drug delivery systems. It describes how targeted delivery aims to selectively deliver drugs to specific targets like cells or organs while limiting exposure to non-target tissues to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity. This is achieved through various carrier systems and targeting strategies, including passive targeting which utilizes natural biodistribution, and active targeting using ligands to bind carriers to receptors on target sites. The biological processes involved in targeted delivery include cellular uptake, transport across barriers like epithelia, extravasation from blood vessels, and lymphatic uptake.
Factors affecting distribution of drug
1. After entering systemic circulation, drugs undergo disposition processes like distribution and elimination. Distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments while elimination causes the irreversible loss of drugs from the body.
2. Several factors affect the distribution of drugs between compartments including tissue permeability, which depends on a drug's physicochemical properties and ability to pass physiological barriers. Organ size and blood flow rates also influence distribution.
3. Binding of drugs to blood components or extracellular tissues can impact distribution by altering a drug's ability to pass between compartments. Other miscellaneous factors like age, disease states, and drug interactions also affect distribution.
Drug distribution
Drug distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments like blood and tissues. Several factors affect how drugs are distributed, including tissue permeability, organ size and blood flow, and binding to tissue components. Drugs with certain physicochemical properties like small molecular size and appropriate lipophilicity more easily pass through barriers and cell membranes into tissues. Additionally, tissues with greater blood flow and perfusion rates allow for faster drug distribution. Finally, the extent to which drugs bind to proteins and other components in blood and tissues impacts their distribution.
distribution.pdf
Drug distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments, such as between the blood and extravascular tissues. It is affected by factors like tissue permeability, organ size and perfusion rate, and binding to tissue components. Distribution plays an important role in the onset, intensity, and duration of a drug's pharmacological action. The apparent volume of distribution relates the amount of drug in the body to its plasma concentration and provides information about a drug's extent of distribution between compartments.
distribution of drugs
The document discusses drug distribution, which refers to the reversible transfer of drugs from the blood compartment to other tissue compartments. Several factors affect drug distribution, including tissue permeability, organ size/perfusion rate, and binding to tissue components. Drugs move from areas of high concentration (blood) to low concentration (tissues) until equilibrium is reached. The apparent volume of distribution is a measure relating the amount of drug in the body to its plasma concentration. Physiological barriers like the blood-brain barrier can restrict distribution of some drugs to certain tissues. Disease states and drug interactions can also impact a drug's distribution profile in the body.
Distribution of drugs
1) Drug distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments like blood and tissues driven by concentration gradients.
2) Distribution is non-uniform and depends on factors like plasma protein binding, tissue permeability and blood flow.
3) The apparent volume of distribution is a measure of how extensively a drug distributes in the body relative to the plasma concentration and is influenced by a drug's physicochemical properties and tissue binding.
Distribution of drug part i
1) Drug distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between the bloodstream and extracellular fluids and tissues through diffusion down a concentration gradient.
2) Many factors influence drug distribution, including physicochemical properties like molecular size and lipophilicity, tissue perfusion rates, and binding to proteins in blood and tissues. Small, uncharged, lipophilic drugs more readily penetrate tissues.
3) Understanding factors that affect drug distribution is important for predicting the onset, intensity, and duration of a drug's pharmacological effects in different parts of the body.
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Distribution of drugs
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Distribution of Drug
The document summarizes the distribution of drugs in the body. It discusses:
1) Distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between blood and tissues, driven by concentration gradients.
2) Factors like tissue permeability, organ size/perfusion, protein binding, and other physiological factors determine the extent of distribution between tissues.
3) Tissue permeability depends on drug properties like size, ionization, and lipid solubility as well as physiological barriers like the blood-brain barrier.
Distribution of drug
The document discusses drug distribution, which refers to the transfer of drugs from the bloodstream to tissues in the body. Key points include:
- Drugs are distributed to tissues via blood flow and can accumulate in different amounts and remain in tissues for varying durations. Factors like blood flow, protein binding, and lipid solubility influence a drug's distribution.
- Highly perfused organs like the liver, heart and kidneys receive more of the drug, while less perfused tissues like muscle and fat receive smaller amounts. Distribution continues until equilibrium is reached between plasma and tissues.
- The volume of distribution quantifies the extent of a drug's distribution throughout the theoretical volume it would need to be uniformly distributed at
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Distribution of drugs Pharmacokinetics
Drug distribution refers to the reversible transfer of drugs from the bloodstream to tissues throughout the body. Once absorbed, drugs diffuse from areas of high concentration (blood) to areas of lower concentration (tissues). This process continues until equilibrium is reached.
The rate and extent of distribution is influenced by several factors. These include a drug's physicochemical properties like size and solubility, tissue permeability, blood flow to organs, and binding of drugs to plasma proteins and tissues. Physiological barriers like the blood-brain barrier also control distribution to certain tissues. The non-uniform distribution of drugs throughout the body is due to tissues absorbing drugs at different rates and to varying extents based on these distribution factors.
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Membrane transporters, including passive diffusion, carrier-mediated transport processes like facilitated diffusion and active transport, allow drugs to be absorbed into the bloodstream. Factors like a drug's solubility, size and lipid solubility determine which transport mechanisms are used.
Absorption refers to the movement of drugs from the site of administration into circulation. The rate and extent of absorption depends on factors like solubility, concentration, administering area, vascularity and route. Oral drugs are affected by things like acidity, particle size and food. Injection routes see faster absorption.
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This document provides an overview of general pharmacology and pharmacokinetics, with a focus on drug distribution. It defines drug distribution and describes how various factors influence it, including tissue permeability, organ size and perfusion rate, binding to blood and tissue components, and other miscellaneous factors like age and disease state. Specific barriers to drug distribution like the blood-brain barrier are also explained. The role of plasma and tissue protein binding in determining a drug's volume of distribution is discussed.
Drug distributionvpp
1. False
2. False
3. False, distribution is a passive process
4. False, it allows only small, non ionized and lipophilic drugs to diffuse passively
5. False, placental barrier is more permeable than BBB
6. Basic drugs will bound to the glycoproteins.
Umesh
This document discusses drug distribution, which is one of the four stages of drug disposition along with absorption, metabolism, and excretion. It defines distribution as the reversible transfer of drug between compartments in the body, primarily from the blood to tissues. The key steps in distribution are permeation from blood vessels into extracellular fluid and then into intracellular fluid. Distribution is affected by factors like a drug's physicochemical properties, tissue permeability, binding to blood components, and physiological conditions. The document outlines the main body compartments that drugs distribute to and the barriers that regulate distribution, such as the blood-brain barrier.
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Drug distribution
Drug distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments like blood and tissues. It is predominantly a passive process driven by concentration gradients. Several factors affect drug distribution, including tissue permeability which depends on a drug's physicochemical properties and ability to pass through physiological barriers. Binding to blood components and tissues also influences distribution. Together, these processes determine the concentration of drugs at their sites of action and impact the onset, intensity and duration of pharmacological effects.
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This document discusses the key concepts of pharmacokinetics including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of drugs in the body. It provides details on each step: Absorption describes how drugs enter systemic circulation through various routes of administration like oral, sublingual, rectal, and parenteral. Distribution explains how drugs are delivered to tissues via blood flow and binding to plasma proteins. Metabolism discusses the liver's role in biotransforming drugs through Phase 1 and Phase 2 reactions. Elimination reviews the removal of drugs from the body, primarily through the kidneys and other routes like intestines and lungs.
Drug distribution
Drug distribution refers to the reversible transfer of drugs between the blood and extravascular tissues via diffusion down a concentration gradient. The rate and extent of distribution depends on factors like tissue permeability, blood flow, binding to plasma and tissue proteins, and physicochemical properties of the drug like size, ionization, and lipophilicity. Drugs distribute non-uniformly throughout the body, with highly perfused tissues like the brain, heart, and lungs reaching equilibrium more quickly. The volume of distribution is used to quantify this process and depends on whether drugs bind to plasma or tissues.
Drug distribution
Drug distribution refers to the reversible transfer of a drug between the blood and extravascular tissues via passive diffusion down a concentration gradient. The rate and extent of distribution varies between tissues and depends on factors like blood flow, tissue permeability, lipid solubility, and protein binding. Highly perfused tissues like the brain initially receive more of lipid-soluble drugs, but less vascular tissues eventually equilibrate more drug as they have a larger volume. The volume of distribution is used to quantify this process and depends on whether a drug remains in the plasma or partitions into tissues.
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The document summarizes the distribution of drugs in the body. It discusses:
1) Distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between blood and tissues, driven by concentration gradients.
2) Factors like tissue permeability, organ size/perfusion, protein binding, and other physiological factors determine the extent of distribution between tissues.
3) Tissue permeability depends on drug properties like size, ionization, and lipid solubility as well as physiological barriers like the blood-brain barrier.
Distribution of drug
The document discusses drug distribution, which refers to the transfer of drugs from the bloodstream to tissues in the body. Key points include:
- Drugs are distributed to tissues via blood flow and can accumulate in different amounts and remain in tissues for varying durations. Factors like blood flow, protein binding, and lipid solubility influence a drug's distribution.
- Highly perfused organs like the liver, heart and kidneys receive more of the drug, while less perfused tissues like muscle and fat receive smaller amounts. Distribution continues until equilibrium is reached between plasma and tissues.
- The volume of distribution quantifies the extent of a drug's distribution throughout the theoretical volume it would need to be uniformly distributed at
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This document discusses the pharmacokinetics of drug absorption and distribution. It begins by defining pharmacokinetics as the quantitative study of how the body acts on drugs. It then discusses the different mechanisms of drug transportation across cell membranes, including passive diffusion, filtration, and carrier-mediated transport like facilitated diffusion and active transport. It describes factors that affect drug absorption like solubility, concentration, and route of administration. It also discusses concepts like bioavailability, bioequivalence, distribution, redistribution, barriers to drug movement, and plasma protein binding. In summary, it provides an overview of how drugs move into, through, and out of the body after administration.
Distribution of drugs Pharmacokinetics
Drug distribution refers to the reversible transfer of drugs from the bloodstream to tissues throughout the body. Once absorbed, drugs diffuse from areas of high concentration (blood) to areas of lower concentration (tissues). This process continues until equilibrium is reached.
The rate and extent of distribution is influenced by several factors. These include a drug's physicochemical properties like size and solubility, tissue permeability, blood flow to organs, and binding of drugs to plasma proteins and tissues. Physiological barriers like the blood-brain barrier also control distribution to certain tissues. The non-uniform distribution of drugs throughout the body is due to tissues absorbing drugs at different rates and to varying extents based on these distribution factors.
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This document discusses the pharmacokinetics of drug absorption and distribution. It covers several key topics in 3 paragraphs:
Membrane transporters, including passive diffusion, carrier-mediated transport processes like facilitated diffusion and active transport, allow drugs to be absorbed into the bloodstream. Factors like a drug's solubility, size and lipid solubility determine which transport mechanisms are used.
Absorption refers to the movement of drugs from the site of administration into circulation. The rate and extent of absorption depends on factors like solubility, concentration, administering area, vascularity and route. Oral drugs are affected by things like acidity, particle size and food. Injection routes see faster absorption.
Distribution
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This document provides an overview of pharmacokinetics, which describes what the body does to a drug. It discusses the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. It describes factors that affect these processes such as routes of administration, molecular properties, and physiological variables. It also covers concepts such as bioavailability, volume of distribution, half-life, and drug clearance.
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This document provides an overview of general pharmacology and pharmacokinetics, with a focus on drug distribution. It defines drug distribution and describes how various factors influence it, including tissue permeability, organ size and perfusion rate, binding to blood and tissue components, and other miscellaneous factors like age and disease state. Specific barriers to drug distribution like the blood-brain barrier are also explained. The role of plasma and tissue protein binding in determining a drug's volume of distribution is discussed.
Drug distributionvpp
1. False
2. False
3. False, distribution is a passive process
4. False, it allows only small, non ionized and lipophilic drugs to diffuse passively
5. False, placental barrier is more permeable than BBB
6. Basic drugs will bound to the glycoproteins.
Umesh
This document discusses drug distribution, which is one of the four stages of drug disposition along with absorption, metabolism, and excretion. It defines distribution as the reversible transfer of drug between compartments in the body, primarily from the blood to tissues. The key steps in distribution are permeation from blood vessels into extracellular fluid and then into intracellular fluid. Distribution is affected by factors like a drug's physicochemical properties, tissue permeability, binding to blood components, and physiological conditions. The document outlines the main body compartments that drugs distribute to and the barriers that regulate distribution, such as the blood-brain barrier.
Distribution of drugs final ppt
This document discusses drug distribution, which refers to the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments, primarily between blood and extravascular tissues. It describes the steps in drug distribution, from permeation of blood vessels into interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid. Factors that affect distribution include tissue permeability, organ perfusion rates, protein binding, and physiological barriers like the blood-brain barrier. Methods for studying distribution patterns include using specific tracers to measure fluid compartment volumes and microdialysis to sample extracellular fluids.
2) PHARMACOKINETICS.pptx
Pharmacokinetics is the study of how the body affects drugs over time through absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Drugs move into, within, and out of the body through various transport mechanisms like passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport. Factors like plasma protein binding, organ function, and route of administration influence a drug's absorption, distribution to tissues, metabolism by the liver, and excretion by the kidneys, lungs, bile, sweat, saliva or breast milk. Understanding these pharmacokinetic principles is important for predicting how drugs will behave in the body.
Drug distribution
Drug distribution involves the reversible transfer of drugs between compartments like blood and tissues. It is predominantly a passive process driven by concentration gradients. Several factors affect drug distribution, including tissue permeability which depends on a drug's physicochemical properties and ability to pass through physiological barriers. Binding to blood components and tissues also influences distribution. Together, these processes determine the concentration of drugs at their sites of action and impact the onset, intensity and duration of pharmacological effects.
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Pharmacokinetics study
in the view of pharmacy all the process of pharmacokinetics i.e. absorption, distribution, metabolism and execration is covered.
Pharmacokinetics2
This document discusses the key concepts of pharmacokinetics including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of drugs in the body. It provides details on each step: Absorption describes how drugs enter systemic circulation through various routes of administration like oral, sublingual, rectal, and parenteral. Distribution explains how drugs are delivered to tissues via blood flow and binding to plasma proteins. Metabolism discusses the liver's role in biotransforming drugs through Phase 1 and Phase 2 reactions. Elimination reviews the removal of drugs from the body, primarily through the kidneys and other routes like intestines and lungs.
Drug distribution
Drug distribution refers to the reversible transfer of drugs between the blood and extravascular tissues via diffusion down a concentration gradient. The rate and extent of distribution depends on factors like tissue permeability, blood flow, binding to plasma and tissue proteins, and physicochemical properties of the drug like size, ionization, and lipophilicity. Drugs distribute non-uniformly throughout the body, with highly perfused tissues like the brain, heart, and lungs reaching equilibrium more quickly. The volume of distribution is used to quantify this process and depends on whether drugs bind to plasma or tissues.
Drug distribution
Drug distribution refers to the reversible transfer of a drug between the blood and extravascular tissues via passive diffusion down a concentration gradient. The rate and extent of distribution varies between tissues and depends on factors like blood flow, tissue permeability, lipid solubility, and protein binding. Highly perfused tissues like the brain initially receive more of lipid-soluble drugs, but less vascular tissues eventually equilibrate more drug as they have a larger volume. The volume of distribution is used to quantify this process and depends on whether a drug remains in the plasma or partitions into tissues.
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Factors affecting Drug Distribution pharma
- 2. DRUG DISTRIBUTION? It’s the movement of drug from central compartment (Blood) to peripheral compartments (tissues) where the drug is present.
- 3. THE TWO MAJOR DRUG DISPOSITION PROCESSES ARE – Distribution Elimination 1 2
- 4. FACTORS AFFECTING DISTRIBUTION OF DRUGS The extent of distribution to the different tissues depends on drug lipophilicity, ionization state, plasma proteins binding, and tissue binding. 1. 2. 3. 4.
- 5. Tissue permeability of the drug:
- 6. Binding to Plasma Proteins THE FREE (NON-BOUND) FRACTION OF A DRUG IS IN EQUILIBRIUM WITH THE BOUND FRACTION; HOWEVER ONLY THE FREE DRUG CAN FURTHER DIFFUSE.
- 7. Perfusion and Membrane Permeability Diffusion rate-limited distribution can occur for drugs with low membrane penetration ability, or in specific tissues with low membrane permeability
- 8. ACCUMULATION IN ORGANS AND TISSUES Usually drugs are not uniformly distributed to all body tissues. The concentration of some drugs can be either significantly higher or lower in specific tissues
- 9. Accumulation is usually a reversible equilibrium process and as such the accumulating organ can function as a drug reservoir.
- 10. Biological Barriers (BBB, Placental, Blood-Testis)
- 11. MISCELLANEOUS FACTORS: A. AGE B. PREGNANCY C. OBESITY D. DIET E.DISEASE STATES F.DRUG INTERACTIONS.
- 12. REFERENCES: https://www.drugdesign.org https://www.anaesthesiajournal https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ Modern Pharmacology with Clinical Applications
- 13. THANK YOU! Thank you so much for watching our presentation!