4. Direct DNA transfer methods rely on
the delivery of naked DNA into the
plant cells. The direct gene transfer can
be broadly divided into two categories.
A. Physical gene transfer methods
• Electroporation
• Microinjection
• Particle bombardment.
5. ELECTROPORATION GENE
TRANSFER
Electroporation can be used to deliver genetic
material into cells that are difficult to transfect.
Electroporation provides consistent and
reproducible results. Electroporation does not
require the use of vectors for gene transfer. It
is a safe and non-toxic method.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12. Liposome-Mediated
Transformation
These liposomes bind and condense DNA
spontaneously to form complexes with
high affinity to cell
membranes. Endocytosis of the complexes
followed by disruption of the endosomal
membrane appears to be the major
mechanism of gene delivery.
