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Concept of Under- Population
B.A. Part-III, Paper-VII, Unit-3
HG(3) - Geog (7), Gr-A (pop) New
Dr. Rina Kumari
Assistant Professor (GT)
Department of Geography
G.D. College, Begusarai
vYi tula[;k dh ladYiuk
(Concept of Under- Population)
• tc fdlh ns'k ;k izns'k esa lalk/uksa dh rqyuk esa tula[;k de gksrh gS rks
vYi tula[;k de gksrh gS rks vYi tula[;k (Under Population) dh
leL;k gksrh gSA
• lalk/uksa ds iw.kZ fonksgu gsrq tc okafNr tula[;k miyC/ ugha gksrh rks ogka
vYi tula[;k dh n'kk gksrh gSA
• vf/dre mRiknu rFkk vf/dre izfr O;fDr vk; dks izkIr djus ds fy,
ftruh tula[;k gksuh pkfg, mlls de gksus ij tukHkko ;k vYi tula[;k
dgk tkrk gSA
Dr. Rina Kumari
DykdZ
• ^^tukHkko ogka ik;h tkrh gS tgka tula[;k bruh mYi gksrh gS fd og
blds lalk/uksa dk iw.kZ mi;ksx ugha dj ikrh gS vFkok tgka lalk/u
thou&Lrj esa deh ds fcuk vFkok csjkstxkjh esa o`f¼ fd;s fcuk gh o`gÙkj
tula[;k dk iks"k.k djus esa leFkZ gksrs gSaA**
ts- fVªdkVZ
• ^^de tula[;k ,d n'kk gS ftlesa rhozrj tukafddh o`f¼]
lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl dh xfr dks rst djus dh vksj vxzlj djrh
gSA**
Dr. Rina Kumari
Dr. Rina Kumari
MkW- MkYVu ds fuEu lw=k ls tula[;k dh
rhuksa n'kkvksa dk irk yxk;k tk ldrk gSA
M =
tgka] M = dqlek;kstu dh ek=kk
A = okLrfod tula[;k
O = vuqdwyre tula[;k
• M /ukRed gS] rks tukf/D; dks]
• M ½.kkRed gS rks vYi tula[;k dks]
• M 'kwU; gS rks vuqdwyre tula[;k dks bafxr djsxkA
Dr. Rina Kumari
vYi tula[;k nks izdkj dh gksrh gS%
(i) okLrfod vYi tula[;k
(Absolute Under Population)
• ;g mu i`Fkd~ {ks=kksa esa feyrh gS tgka tula[;k dk iquLFkkZiu (Replacement) de
gksrk gSA
• tukHkko dh fLFkfr fdlh NksVs }hi esa ns[kk tk ldrk gS ftldk dksbZ vkfFkZd]
lkekftd vkSj jktuSfrd laca/ dgha ls ugha jgrk gS]
Dr. Rina Kumari
(ii) lkisf{kd vYi tula[;k
(Relative Under Population)
• tgka lalk/uksa dk vi;kZIr fodkl gqvk gS ogka lkisf{kd vYi tula[;k
feyrh gSA
• vYi tula[;k fodflr vkSj fodkl'khy nksuksa vFkZO;oLFkkvksa okys izns'kksa esa
feyrh gSA
• vYi tula[;k okys ns'kksa esa lalk/uksa ds vf/d mi;ksx gksus] izfr O;fDr
mRiknu rFkk miHkksx ds c<+us dh lEHkkouk mifLFkr jgrh gSA
• tukHkko esa ,sls izns'kksa dk leqfpr vkfFkZd fodkl ugha gks ikrk gSA
Dr. Rina Kumari
• tukHkko ds dkj.kksa esa ;q¼] egkekjh ;k vU; izkÑfrd izdksi ds dkj.k
tula[;k esa rFkk lalk/uksa dh deh gksuk ekuk tkrk gSA
• fiNM+s o vfodflr ns'kksa esa mPp e`R;qnj ds dkj.k Hkh vYi tula[;k
gks ldrh gS ftls LokLF; lsokvksa ds foLrkj ls lq/kjk tk ldrk gSA
• Hkkjr esa chloha lnh ds izFke nks n'kdksa esa Iysx] gStk] bUÝyw,atk ds
dkj.k tukHkko dh vLFkk;h fLFkfr mRiUu gks x;h FkhA
Dr. Rina Kumari
• eè; vizQhdk] czkthy vkfn ,sls {ks=k gSa tks lalk/uksa dh deh ds dkj.k
tukHkko {ks=k cu x;s gSaA
• dqN fodflr ns'kksa esa 'khrks".k ?kkl ds izns'k] ;wjsf'k;k ds LVsiht] nf{k.k
vesfjdk ds iEikl] la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk vkSj dukMk esa izs;jh] vizQhdk
ds osYM rFkk vkLVªsfy;k ds MkmUl ?kkl izns'k ,sls {ks=k gSa ftUgsa tukHkko
{ks=k dgk tk ldrk gSA
• bu {ks=kksa esa ftruh tula[;k gS mlls dbZ xquh vf/d tula[;k ds
Hkj.k&iks"k.k dh {kerk gS] ogka Ñf"k dk vkSj vf/d foLrkj ,oa fodkl
Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA
Dr. Rina Kumari
;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd tukHkko ,d fo'oLrjh; leL;k gS tgka u rks
izkS|ksfxdh dk iw.kZ fodkl gqvk gS vkSj u gh ogka tula[;k dh i;kZIr o`f¼ gks
ik;h gSA Hkwfe lalk/u i;kZIr gSa fdUrq tula[;k vdq'ky ,oa vi;kZIr gSA ;s
lalk/uksa dk fonksgu djus esa leFkZ ugha gSaA ,sls izns'kksa esa tula[;k dks c<+kuk]
vR;ko';d gksrk gS ftlls cktkj] izfr O;fDr vk;] o thou&Lrj Å¡pk fd;k tk
ldsA
/U;okn
fu"d"kZ
Dr. Rina Kumari

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geo45.pdf general geography chapter education

  • 1. Concept of Under- Population B.A. Part-III, Paper-VII, Unit-3 HG(3) - Geog (7), Gr-A (pop) New Dr. Rina Kumari Assistant Professor (GT) Department of Geography G.D. College, Begusarai
  • 2. vYi tula[;k dh ladYiuk (Concept of Under- Population) • tc fdlh ns'k ;k izns'k esa lalk/uksa dh rqyuk esa tula[;k de gksrh gS rks vYi tula[;k de gksrh gS rks vYi tula[;k (Under Population) dh leL;k gksrh gSA • lalk/uksa ds iw.kZ fonksgu gsrq tc okafNr tula[;k miyC/ ugha gksrh rks ogka vYi tula[;k dh n'kk gksrh gSA • vf/dre mRiknu rFkk vf/dre izfr O;fDr vk; dks izkIr djus ds fy, ftruh tula[;k gksuh pkfg, mlls de gksus ij tukHkko ;k vYi tula[;k dgk tkrk gSA Dr. Rina Kumari
  • 3. DykdZ • ^^tukHkko ogka ik;h tkrh gS tgka tula[;k bruh mYi gksrh gS fd og blds lalk/uksa dk iw.kZ mi;ksx ugha dj ikrh gS vFkok tgka lalk/u thou&Lrj esa deh ds fcuk vFkok csjkstxkjh esa o`f¼ fd;s fcuk gh o`gÙkj tula[;k dk iks"k.k djus esa leFkZ gksrs gSaA** ts- fVªdkVZ • ^^de tula[;k ,d n'kk gS ftlesa rhozrj tukafddh o`f¼] lkekftd&vkfFkZd fodkl dh xfr dks rst djus dh vksj vxzlj djrh gSA** Dr. Rina Kumari
  • 5. MkW- MkYVu ds fuEu lw=k ls tula[;k dh rhuksa n'kkvksa dk irk yxk;k tk ldrk gSA M = tgka] M = dqlek;kstu dh ek=kk A = okLrfod tula[;k O = vuqdwyre tula[;k • M /ukRed gS] rks tukf/D; dks] • M ½.kkRed gS rks vYi tula[;k dks] • M 'kwU; gS rks vuqdwyre tula[;k dks bafxr djsxkA Dr. Rina Kumari
  • 6. vYi tula[;k nks izdkj dh gksrh gS% (i) okLrfod vYi tula[;k (Absolute Under Population) • ;g mu i`Fkd~ {ks=kksa esa feyrh gS tgka tula[;k dk iquLFkkZiu (Replacement) de gksrk gSA • tukHkko dh fLFkfr fdlh NksVs }hi esa ns[kk tk ldrk gS ftldk dksbZ vkfFkZd] lkekftd vkSj jktuSfrd laca/ dgha ls ugha jgrk gS] Dr. Rina Kumari
  • 7. (ii) lkisf{kd vYi tula[;k (Relative Under Population) • tgka lalk/uksa dk vi;kZIr fodkl gqvk gS ogka lkisf{kd vYi tula[;k feyrh gSA • vYi tula[;k fodflr vkSj fodkl'khy nksuksa vFkZO;oLFkkvksa okys izns'kksa esa feyrh gSA • vYi tula[;k okys ns'kksa esa lalk/uksa ds vf/d mi;ksx gksus] izfr O;fDr mRiknu rFkk miHkksx ds c<+us dh lEHkkouk mifLFkr jgrh gSA • tukHkko esa ,sls izns'kksa dk leqfpr vkfFkZd fodkl ugha gks ikrk gSA Dr. Rina Kumari
  • 8. • tukHkko ds dkj.kksa esa ;q¼] egkekjh ;k vU; izkÑfrd izdksi ds dkj.k tula[;k esa rFkk lalk/uksa dh deh gksuk ekuk tkrk gSA • fiNM+s o vfodflr ns'kksa esa mPp e`R;qnj ds dkj.k Hkh vYi tula[;k gks ldrh gS ftls LokLF; lsokvksa ds foLrkj ls lq/kjk tk ldrk gSA • Hkkjr esa chloha lnh ds izFke nks n'kdksa esa Iysx] gStk] bUÝyw,atk ds dkj.k tukHkko dh vLFkk;h fLFkfr mRiUu gks x;h FkhA Dr. Rina Kumari
  • 9. • eè; vizQhdk] czkthy vkfn ,sls {ks=k gSa tks lalk/uksa dh deh ds dkj.k tukHkko {ks=k cu x;s gSaA • dqN fodflr ns'kksa esa 'khrks".k ?kkl ds izns'k] ;wjsf'k;k ds LVsiht] nf{k.k vesfjdk ds iEikl] la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk vkSj dukMk esa izs;jh] vizQhdk ds osYM rFkk vkLVªsfy;k ds MkmUl ?kkl izns'k ,sls {ks=k gSa ftUgsa tukHkko {ks=k dgk tk ldrk gSA • bu {ks=kksa esa ftruh tula[;k gS mlls dbZ xquh vf/d tula[;k ds Hkj.k&iks"k.k dh {kerk gS] ogka Ñf"k dk vkSj vf/d foLrkj ,oa fodkl Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA Dr. Rina Kumari
  • 10. ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd tukHkko ,d fo'oLrjh; leL;k gS tgka u rks izkS|ksfxdh dk iw.kZ fodkl gqvk gS vkSj u gh ogka tula[;k dh i;kZIr o`f¼ gks ik;h gSA Hkwfe lalk/u i;kZIr gSa fdUrq tula[;k vdq'ky ,oa vi;kZIr gSA ;s lalk/uksa dk fonksgu djus esa leFkZ ugha gSaA ,sls izns'kksa esa tula[;k dks c<+kuk] vR;ko';d gksrk gS ftlls cktkj] izfr O;fDr vk;] o thou&Lrj Å¡pk fd;k tk ldsA /U;okn fu"d"kZ Dr. Rina Kumari