We shall revisit the controversies the term NAFLD has faced overtime. The need for change of the name & how the name change will affect our further understanding of the disease process
Update on genetics and molecular biology.pdfssuser5b0f5e
This document summarizes recent studies on genetics and molecular biology related to cardiovascular disease risk. It discusses:
1) A study that found familial hypercholesterolemia variants in 1.7% of early myocardial infarction cases vs 0.6% of controls, and a high polygenic risk score in 17% of cases vs 5% of controls. Both were associated with a similar 3.7-fold risk of early myocardial infarction.
2) Advances in characterizing genetic variants associated with familial hypercholesterolemia, but limitations in classification.
3) A study suggesting that inhibition of ATP-citrate lyase may lower cardiovascular risk similarly to statins by reducing LDL-cholesterol.
1) This guideline from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the American College of Gastroenterology provides evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing and treating alcoholic liver disease.
2) Alcoholic liver disease ranges from fatty liver to cirrhosis. It remains a major cause of liver disease worldwide.
3) The natural history of alcoholic liver disease depends on factors like the dose and duration of alcohol consumption, drinking patterns, sex, ethnicity, and other concurrent liver diseases.
1) This document provides guidelines from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the American College of Gastroenterology on alcoholic liver disease (ALD).
2) It discusses the disease spectrum of ALD, which ranges from fatty liver to cirrhosis. Alcoholic hepatitis is a severe form of ALD with a poor short-term prognosis.
3) Risk factors that influence the development and progression of ALD are identified, including the amount of alcohol consumed, drinking patterns, sex, ethnicity, and nutritional status.
This document provides guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of atherosclerosis from the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE). It summarizes screening recommendations, risk assessment, and treatment guidelines for various lipid disorders, with special consideration for patients with diabetes, women, and pediatric patients. The guidelines are based on evidence from literature reviews and expert opinion. They are intended to assist endocrinologists in reducing risks and consequences of dyslipidemia by providing a practical guide. The guidelines extend existing guidelines and complement AACE's Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan guidelines.
Future Considerations of Biological Disparities in Drug Development for NAFLD...semualkaira
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has become a significant health concern not only in the US but also worldwide due to the
global obesity epidemic. Although the natural course in the majority
of NAFLD patients is relatively benign, those with non-alcoholic
steatohepatitis (NASH) are at an increased risk of disease progression, leading to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease
(ESLD), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS (NASH): AN ANALYSIS OF DISEASE PREVALENCE, DRUG...MP ADVISORS
This report will provide detailed analysis on NASH disease and Drugs in development in broader pharma market. This report list all the drugs in clinical trial and their design and the population recruited, also tells about the pathways representing possible targets for the treatment of NASH
Study on achievement of target LDC-C in Dyslipidimic patientspharmaindexing
This study analyzed 80 dyslipidemic patients to assess achievement of target LDL-C levels as recommended by ATP III guidelines. The majority of patients had high LDL-C levels and were receiving statin therapy. Based on risk factors, patients were categorized as CHD, high risk non-CHD, or low risk non-CHD. Only 22.5% of patients achieved their target LDL-C levels, which was unsatisfactory. More aggressive lipid management is needed to help more patients reach targets through interventions like pharmacist counseling and medication adjustments.
Update on genetics and molecular biology.pdfssuser5b0f5e
This document summarizes recent studies on genetics and molecular biology related to cardiovascular disease risk. It discusses:
1) A study that found familial hypercholesterolemia variants in 1.7% of early myocardial infarction cases vs 0.6% of controls, and a high polygenic risk score in 17% of cases vs 5% of controls. Both were associated with a similar 3.7-fold risk of early myocardial infarction.
2) Advances in characterizing genetic variants associated with familial hypercholesterolemia, but limitations in classification.
3) A study suggesting that inhibition of ATP-citrate lyase may lower cardiovascular risk similarly to statins by reducing LDL-cholesterol.
1) This guideline from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the American College of Gastroenterology provides evidence-based recommendations for diagnosing and treating alcoholic liver disease.
2) Alcoholic liver disease ranges from fatty liver to cirrhosis. It remains a major cause of liver disease worldwide.
3) The natural history of alcoholic liver disease depends on factors like the dose and duration of alcohol consumption, drinking patterns, sex, ethnicity, and other concurrent liver diseases.
1) This document provides guidelines from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and the American College of Gastroenterology on alcoholic liver disease (ALD).
2) It discusses the disease spectrum of ALD, which ranges from fatty liver to cirrhosis. Alcoholic hepatitis is a severe form of ALD with a poor short-term prognosis.
3) Risk factors that influence the development and progression of ALD are identified, including the amount of alcohol consumed, drinking patterns, sex, ethnicity, and nutritional status.
This document provides guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of atherosclerosis from the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE). It summarizes screening recommendations, risk assessment, and treatment guidelines for various lipid disorders, with special consideration for patients with diabetes, women, and pediatric patients. The guidelines are based on evidence from literature reviews and expert opinion. They are intended to assist endocrinologists in reducing risks and consequences of dyslipidemia by providing a practical guide. The guidelines extend existing guidelines and complement AACE's Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan guidelines.
Future Considerations of Biological Disparities in Drug Development for NAFLD...semualkaira
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has become a significant health concern not only in the US but also worldwide due to the
global obesity epidemic. Although the natural course in the majority
of NAFLD patients is relatively benign, those with non-alcoholic
steatohepatitis (NASH) are at an increased risk of disease progression, leading to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease
(ESLD), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS (NASH): AN ANALYSIS OF DISEASE PREVALENCE, DRUG...MP ADVISORS
This report will provide detailed analysis on NASH disease and Drugs in development in broader pharma market. This report list all the drugs in clinical trial and their design and the population recruited, also tells about the pathways representing possible targets for the treatment of NASH
Study on achievement of target LDC-C in Dyslipidimic patientspharmaindexing
This study analyzed 80 dyslipidemic patients to assess achievement of target LDL-C levels as recommended by ATP III guidelines. The majority of patients had high LDL-C levels and were receiving statin therapy. Based on risk factors, patients were categorized as CHD, high risk non-CHD, or low risk non-CHD. Only 22.5% of patients achieved their target LDL-C levels, which was unsatisfactory. More aggressive lipid management is needed to help more patients reach targets through interventions like pharmacist counseling and medication adjustments.
The biomarker of choice in association of dyslipidemia with osteoporosis: A c...SriramNagarajan17
This case study describes a 55-year-old male patient who presented with pain in his lower limb and was diagnosed with both dyslipidemia and osteoporosis based on his medical history and laboratory tests. He had a family history of metabolic diseases and consumed excessive alcohol. His dyslipidemia was diagnosed based on genetic predisposition and lipid profile showing low HDL and high LDL levels. His osteoporosis was diagnosed a year and a half later when he fractured his femur during a walk and was found to have low bone mineral density. The conclusion is that low HDL and high LDL levels in the lipid profile are the biomarker of choice for associating dyslipidemia with osteoporosis as these
Discovery of therapeutic agents targeting PKLR for NAFLD using drug repositio...Trustlife
This study investigated the role of PKLR in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression using PKLR knockout mouse models and drug repositioning approaches. The study found that PKLR knockout reversed increased hepatic triglyceride levels in mice fed a high-sucrose diet and partly recovered transcriptomic changes in the liver and other tissues. Computational drug repositioning identified two small molecule drugs that inhibited PKLR expression and triglyceride levels in vitro. These two drugs attenuated hepatic steatosis without side effects in rats when tested in vivo, providing preclinical validation of targeting PKLR for NAFLD treatment.
Core Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Nonalcohlic Fatty Liver DiseaseIOSR Journals
This study examined the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Bangladeshi patients. The study included 67 patients diagnosed with NAFLD and 50 healthy controls matched for age and BMI. Results found that NAFLD patients had higher levels of insulin resistance, triglycerides, and central obesity compared to controls. However, no significant association was found between MetS and NAFLD when defined by common diagnostic criteria. Individual components of MetS like dyslipidemia, central obesity, and high postprandial glucose were significantly associated with NAFLD on logistic regression analysis. The study concludes that while various MetS components are linked to NAFLD in
High Density Lipoproteins May Actually be Some Negative Acute Phase Proteins ...JapaneseJournalofGas
Patients with plasma HDL values lower than 40 mg/dL were collected into the first group, and then age and gender matched patients with plasma HDL values of 40 mg/dL
High Density Lipoproteins May Actually be Some Negative Acute Phase Proteins ...JohnJulie1
Patients with plasma HDL values lower than 40 mg/dL were collected into the first group, and then age and gender matched patients with plasma HDL values of 40 mg/dL and greater were collected into the second group, and compared in between
The document discusses the proposal to change the name of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). It notes that NAFLD's name does not accurately capture the metabolic nature of the disease. The name change was proposed by an international panel of experts and aims to reduce stigmatization and increase consideration of the disease. If adopted, MAFLD would be used instead of NAFLD to describe fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. The document supports the name change as a way to properly frame the growing epidemic of this liver disease.
Co relation of Lipid Profile with Proteinuria in Sickle Cell Nephropathy Pati...ijtsrd
Pulmonary hypertension PH in sickle cell disease SCD is an emerging and important clinical problem. In a single institution adult cohort of 75 patients, we investigated lipid and lipoprotein levels and their relationship to markers of intravascular hemolysis, vascular dysfunction and PH. In agreement with prior studies, we confirm significantly decreased plasma levels of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL C , and low density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL C in SCD vs. ethnically matched healthy controls. Several cholesterol parameters correlate significantly with markers of anemia, but not endothelial activation or PH. More importantly, serum triglyceride levels are significantly elevated in SCD compared to controls. Elevated triglyceride levels correlate significantly with markers of hemolysis lactate dehydrogenase and arginase both p 0.0005 , endothelial activation soluble E selectin, p 0.0001 soluble P selectin, p=0.02 soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, p=0.01 , inflammation leukocyte count, p=0.0004 erythrocyte sedimentation rate, p=0.02 and PH amino terminal brain natriuretic peptide, p=0.002 prevalence of elevated tricuspid regurgitant velocity TRV , p 0.001 . In a multivariate analysis, triglyceride levels correlate independently with elevated TRV p=0.002 . Finally, forearm blood flow studies in adult patients with SCD demonstrate a significant association between increased triglyceride HDL C ratio and endothelial dysfunction p 0.05 . These results characterize elevated plasma triglyceride levels as a potential risk factor for PH in SCD. Dr. Prafull Dawale | Neha Jain "Co-relation of Lipid Profile with Proteinuria in Sickle Cell Nephropathy Patients for Local Area of Chhattisgarh" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42438.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/other/42438/corelation-of-lipid-profile-with-proteinuria-in-sickle-cell-nephropathy-patients-for-local-area-of-chhattisgarh/dr-prafull-dawale
- The study examined malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and hematological parameters in 31 newly diagnosed cervical cancer patients at a hospital in India.
- MDA levels, which indicate oxidative stress, were found to be significantly higher in cervical cancer patients compared to healthy volunteers. MDA levels also differed between cancer grades.
- Hematological analysis found reduced red blood cell count and hemoglobin levels and increased white blood cell count in cervical cancer patients relative to normal levels.
- The results suggest that oxidative stress and hematological abnormalities are present at the initial clinical presentation of cervical cancer patients and that MDA may be a predictive marker for disease progression. Controlling oxidative stress and improving nutrition could help cervical cancer treatment
An evaluation of the clinical utility of a panel of variants in DPYD and ENOS...Oxford Cancer Biomarkers
This document summarizes a study evaluating the clinical utility of a genetic panel for predicting toxicities from capecitabine chemotherapy. The panel included variants in DPYD and ENOSF1 genes. The study found the panel had high sensitivity and specificity for predicting death or severe hematological toxicity. However, the panel only had moderate ability to predict risk of hand-foot syndrome. Including additional variants associated with hand-foot syndrome may help clinicians manage this side effect. Overall, the genetic panel shows promise for predicting serious adverse events from capecitabine chemotherapy.
Abstract— Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is also becoming public health impotance nowadays. So this study was aimed to determine the association of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with metabolic syndrome and Cardio-Vascular disease along with assessment of degree of severity of NAFLD with respect to number of components of metabolic syndrome. This study includes a total of 222 subjects were enrolled as per the inclusion/exclusion criteria, out of which 110 cases who had NAFLD with hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography and 112 subjects who did not have NAFLD were considered control. These cases and controls were interrogated and investigated further. Observations were recorded and association of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with metabolic syndrome and Cardio-Vascular disease along with assessment of degree of severity of NAFLD with respect to number of components of metabolic syndrome. Statistical methods used were unpaired student’s t-test for continuous variables, Fischer’s and chi-sq test for categorical variables using bivariate analysis by Graph Pad Instat Version 3.10. Risk was assessed in terms of Odd's Ratio. The patients with MS and NAFLD had a higher proportion of CVD compared with those who did not have NAFLD (29.1 vs 18.1 %). This study concludes that NAFLD is significantly associated with MS; most significant with WC, followed by TG and FBS and thus can be considered as hepatic component of MS. This needs more research with large multi-centric prospective studies to evaluate NAFLD as an independent risk factor for CVD.
NAFLD Patients have Limited Access to GLP1 Agonists and SGLT2 Inhibitors: NHA...JohnJulie1
This study analyzed medication use among patients with NAFLD and/or advanced fibrosis using NHANES 2017-2018 data. The following key points are summarized:
1. Patients with NAFLD or advanced fibrosis had higher rates of polypharmacy, with more medications and medication classes compared to those without these conditions.
2. While medication usage indicated higher risk of cardiovascular and metabolic issues associated with NAFLD, usage of GLP1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors was low among diabetics regardless of NAFLD status.
3. Diabetics with advanced fibrosis had fewer medications on average than those without advanced fibrosis, possibly due to disease progression effects, though access to beneficial therapies like G
This research proposal aims to study the aggregation pathways of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) under different stress conditions using dynamic light scattering and kinetic bulk scattering arrays. A panel of 4 human mAbs with similar CH2 and CH3 domains but different Fab domains will be characterized and subjected to elevated heat incubation and agitation. This will provide insights into how these stresses impact native and non-native aggregation propensity. The results will help in formulation design and excipient selection to develop mAb candidates with acceptable stability profiles and minimize aggregation during drug development.
Raised Lipid Profile In Rheumatoid Arthritis- A Risk For CVDiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry (IOSR-JBB) covers studies of the chemical processes in living organisms, structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules, chemical properties of important biological molecules, like proteins, in particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, genetic code (DNA, RNA), protein synthesis, cell membrane transport, and signal transduction. IOSR-JBB is privileged to focus on a wide range of biotechnology as well as high quality articles on genetic engineering, cell and tissue culture technologies, genetics, microbiology, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology, cell biology, chemical engineering, bioprocess engineering, information technology, biorobotics.
Cancer and Internist - Koronadal Internist Society.pdfLanceCatedral
General internists can participate in cancer care in several ways:
1) They can conduct cancer screening tests for breast, cervical, colorectal, liver, and prostate cancers to detect cancers early.
2) They can educate patients on cancer prevention strategies like maintaining a healthy weight, being physically active, not smoking, limiting alcohol, and following dietary recommendations.
3) They can manage cancer patients in a multidisciplinary setting to provide comprehensive care involving screening, prevention, treatment, palliative care, and survivorship support.
The document provides information about the 19th Annual World Congress on Insulin Resistance, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease (WCIRDC) conference that will take place from December 2-4, 2021 in Los Angeles. The conference will explore new frontiers in metabolism and link basic research to clinical practice. It will cover topics such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and liver disease. The conference aims to bring together researchers, physicians, and healthcare professionals to collaborate and discuss the latest scientific and clinical developments in metabolic diseases. It will feature distinguished global faculty, oral and poster presentations, and opportunities for in-person and virtual attendance.
PDCD is an abbreviation for pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency, a genetic mitochondrial disorder in children which is frequently associated with lactic acidosis and neurological/neuromuscular symptoms.
1- Differentiate between primary and secondary sources and provide an.pdfcontact28
1. Differentiate between primary and secondary sources and provide an example for each one. 2.
Describe the similarities and differences between a research paper and a review paper. 4. Is the
following Abstract from a research article? Abstract People of African ancestry (Blacks) have an
increased risk of kidney failure due to numerous socioeconomic, environmental, and clinical
factors. Two variants in the APOL1 gene are now thought to account for much of the racial
disparity associated with hypertensive kidney failure in Blacks. However. this knowledge has not
been translated into clinical care to help improve patient outcomes and address disparities.
GUARDD is a randomized trial to evaluate the effects and challenges of incorporating genetic
risk information into primary care. Hypertensive, non-diabetic, adults with self-reported African
ancestry. without kidney dysfunction, are recruited from diverse clinical settings and randomized
to undergo APOL1 genetic testing at baseline (intervention) or at one year (waitlist control).
Providers are educated about genomics and APOL1. Guided by a genetic counselor, trained staff
return APOL1 results to patients and provide low-literacy educational materials. Real-time
clinical decision support ols alert clinicians of their patients' APOL1 results and associated risk
status at the point of care. Our academiccommunity-clinical partnership designed a study to
generate information about the impact of genetic risk information on patient care (blood pressure
and renal surveillance) and on patient and provider knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
GUARDD will help establish the effective implementation of APOLL risk-informed
management of hypertensive patients at high risk of CKD, and will provide a robust framework
for future endeavors to implement genomic medicine in diverse clinical practices. It will also add
to the important dialog about factors contributing to and may help eliminate racial disparities in.
kidney disease. True: False 5. Of the 3 titles listed below, which title(s) is suitable for a review
paper: a. Chronic Kidney Disease Diagnosis and Management b. Determining the Effects and
Challenges of Incorporating Genetic Testing into Primary Care Management of Hypertensive
Patients with African Ancestry c. Pharmacist Intervention for Blood Pressure Control in Patients
with Diabetes and/or Chronic Kidney Disease d. all of the above 6. Which reference style is used
for citing electronic journal articles. a. DOI b. APA c. NLM d. MLA e. all of the above f. none of
the above.
Cancer and the General Internist discusses how general internists can participate in cancer care. Key points include:
1. Cancer is a leading cause of death in the Philippines and costs of treatment are high, often leading to financial catastrophe for patients.
2. General internists can play roles in cancer screening, prevention through lifestyle counseling, and multidisciplinary care throughout the cancer continuum.
3. Filipinos actively search online for information about cancer signs, symptoms, and treatments. General internists are well-positioned to provide guidance and education to the public.
1. Management of older patients on dialysis requires a focus on overall aging aspects and quality of life rather than just dialysis.
2. Almost all frail elderly patients receive in-center hemodialysis due to physical and cognitive impairments, though assisted peritoneal dialysis enables home dialysis.
3. Understanding individual patient goals and life expectancy is important for elderly patients, as some may choose no dialysis or conservative care over treatment burdens when remaining life is short.
1. A randomized trial compared restrictive (transfuse if Hb <7 g/dL) vs liberal (transfuse if Hb <9 g/dL) transfusion strategies in critically ill cancer patients with septic shock.
2. At 28 days, all-cause mortality was not significantly different between groups. However, at 90 days mortality was significantly higher in the restrictive group.
3. Secondary outcomes including ventilation, renal replacement therapy, inotropes, and length of stay showed no significant differences.
4. The results suggest a liberal transfusion strategy may be preferable for critically ill cancer patients with septic shock, as a restrictive strategy was associated with higher 90-day mortality.
The biomarker of choice in association of dyslipidemia with osteoporosis: A c...SriramNagarajan17
This case study describes a 55-year-old male patient who presented with pain in his lower limb and was diagnosed with both dyslipidemia and osteoporosis based on his medical history and laboratory tests. He had a family history of metabolic diseases and consumed excessive alcohol. His dyslipidemia was diagnosed based on genetic predisposition and lipid profile showing low HDL and high LDL levels. His osteoporosis was diagnosed a year and a half later when he fractured his femur during a walk and was found to have low bone mineral density. The conclusion is that low HDL and high LDL levels in the lipid profile are the biomarker of choice for associating dyslipidemia with osteoporosis as these
Discovery of therapeutic agents targeting PKLR for NAFLD using drug repositio...Trustlife
This study investigated the role of PKLR in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression using PKLR knockout mouse models and drug repositioning approaches. The study found that PKLR knockout reversed increased hepatic triglyceride levels in mice fed a high-sucrose diet and partly recovered transcriptomic changes in the liver and other tissues. Computational drug repositioning identified two small molecule drugs that inhibited PKLR expression and triglyceride levels in vitro. These two drugs attenuated hepatic steatosis without side effects in rats when tested in vivo, providing preclinical validation of targeting PKLR for NAFLD treatment.
Core Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in Nonalcohlic Fatty Liver DiseaseIOSR Journals
This study examined the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Bangladeshi patients. The study included 67 patients diagnosed with NAFLD and 50 healthy controls matched for age and BMI. Results found that NAFLD patients had higher levels of insulin resistance, triglycerides, and central obesity compared to controls. However, no significant association was found between MetS and NAFLD when defined by common diagnostic criteria. Individual components of MetS like dyslipidemia, central obesity, and high postprandial glucose were significantly associated with NAFLD on logistic regression analysis. The study concludes that while various MetS components are linked to NAFLD in
High Density Lipoproteins May Actually be Some Negative Acute Phase Proteins ...JapaneseJournalofGas
Patients with plasma HDL values lower than 40 mg/dL were collected into the first group, and then age and gender matched patients with plasma HDL values of 40 mg/dL
High Density Lipoproteins May Actually be Some Negative Acute Phase Proteins ...JohnJulie1
Patients with plasma HDL values lower than 40 mg/dL were collected into the first group, and then age and gender matched patients with plasma HDL values of 40 mg/dL and greater were collected into the second group, and compared in between
The document discusses the proposal to change the name of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). It notes that NAFLD's name does not accurately capture the metabolic nature of the disease. The name change was proposed by an international panel of experts and aims to reduce stigmatization and increase consideration of the disease. If adopted, MAFLD would be used instead of NAFLD to describe fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. The document supports the name change as a way to properly frame the growing epidemic of this liver disease.
Co relation of Lipid Profile with Proteinuria in Sickle Cell Nephropathy Pati...ijtsrd
Pulmonary hypertension PH in sickle cell disease SCD is an emerging and important clinical problem. In a single institution adult cohort of 75 patients, we investigated lipid and lipoprotein levels and their relationship to markers of intravascular hemolysis, vascular dysfunction and PH. In agreement with prior studies, we confirm significantly decreased plasma levels of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL C , and low density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL C in SCD vs. ethnically matched healthy controls. Several cholesterol parameters correlate significantly with markers of anemia, but not endothelial activation or PH. More importantly, serum triglyceride levels are significantly elevated in SCD compared to controls. Elevated triglyceride levels correlate significantly with markers of hemolysis lactate dehydrogenase and arginase both p 0.0005 , endothelial activation soluble E selectin, p 0.0001 soluble P selectin, p=0.02 soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, p=0.01 , inflammation leukocyte count, p=0.0004 erythrocyte sedimentation rate, p=0.02 and PH amino terminal brain natriuretic peptide, p=0.002 prevalence of elevated tricuspid regurgitant velocity TRV , p 0.001 . In a multivariate analysis, triglyceride levels correlate independently with elevated TRV p=0.002 . Finally, forearm blood flow studies in adult patients with SCD demonstrate a significant association between increased triglyceride HDL C ratio and endothelial dysfunction p 0.05 . These results characterize elevated plasma triglyceride levels as a potential risk factor for PH in SCD. Dr. Prafull Dawale | Neha Jain "Co-relation of Lipid Profile with Proteinuria in Sickle Cell Nephropathy Patients for Local Area of Chhattisgarh" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd42438.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/other/42438/corelation-of-lipid-profile-with-proteinuria-in-sickle-cell-nephropathy-patients-for-local-area-of-chhattisgarh/dr-prafull-dawale
- The study examined malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and hematological parameters in 31 newly diagnosed cervical cancer patients at a hospital in India.
- MDA levels, which indicate oxidative stress, were found to be significantly higher in cervical cancer patients compared to healthy volunteers. MDA levels also differed between cancer grades.
- Hematological analysis found reduced red blood cell count and hemoglobin levels and increased white blood cell count in cervical cancer patients relative to normal levels.
- The results suggest that oxidative stress and hematological abnormalities are present at the initial clinical presentation of cervical cancer patients and that MDA may be a predictive marker for disease progression. Controlling oxidative stress and improving nutrition could help cervical cancer treatment
An evaluation of the clinical utility of a panel of variants in DPYD and ENOS...Oxford Cancer Biomarkers
This document summarizes a study evaluating the clinical utility of a genetic panel for predicting toxicities from capecitabine chemotherapy. The panel included variants in DPYD and ENOSF1 genes. The study found the panel had high sensitivity and specificity for predicting death or severe hematological toxicity. However, the panel only had moderate ability to predict risk of hand-foot syndrome. Including additional variants associated with hand-foot syndrome may help clinicians manage this side effect. Overall, the genetic panel shows promise for predicting serious adverse events from capecitabine chemotherapy.
Abstract— Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is also becoming public health impotance nowadays. So this study was aimed to determine the association of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with metabolic syndrome and Cardio-Vascular disease along with assessment of degree of severity of NAFLD with respect to number of components of metabolic syndrome. This study includes a total of 222 subjects were enrolled as per the inclusion/exclusion criteria, out of which 110 cases who had NAFLD with hepatic steatosis on ultrasonography and 112 subjects who did not have NAFLD were considered control. These cases and controls were interrogated and investigated further. Observations were recorded and association of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with metabolic syndrome and Cardio-Vascular disease along with assessment of degree of severity of NAFLD with respect to number of components of metabolic syndrome. Statistical methods used were unpaired student’s t-test for continuous variables, Fischer’s and chi-sq test for categorical variables using bivariate analysis by Graph Pad Instat Version 3.10. Risk was assessed in terms of Odd's Ratio. The patients with MS and NAFLD had a higher proportion of CVD compared with those who did not have NAFLD (29.1 vs 18.1 %). This study concludes that NAFLD is significantly associated with MS; most significant with WC, followed by TG and FBS and thus can be considered as hepatic component of MS. This needs more research with large multi-centric prospective studies to evaluate NAFLD as an independent risk factor for CVD.
NAFLD Patients have Limited Access to GLP1 Agonists and SGLT2 Inhibitors: NHA...JohnJulie1
This study analyzed medication use among patients with NAFLD and/or advanced fibrosis using NHANES 2017-2018 data. The following key points are summarized:
1. Patients with NAFLD or advanced fibrosis had higher rates of polypharmacy, with more medications and medication classes compared to those without these conditions.
2. While medication usage indicated higher risk of cardiovascular and metabolic issues associated with NAFLD, usage of GLP1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors was low among diabetics regardless of NAFLD status.
3. Diabetics with advanced fibrosis had fewer medications on average than those without advanced fibrosis, possibly due to disease progression effects, though access to beneficial therapies like G
This research proposal aims to study the aggregation pathways of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) under different stress conditions using dynamic light scattering and kinetic bulk scattering arrays. A panel of 4 human mAbs with similar CH2 and CH3 domains but different Fab domains will be characterized and subjected to elevated heat incubation and agitation. This will provide insights into how these stresses impact native and non-native aggregation propensity. The results will help in formulation design and excipient selection to develop mAb candidates with acceptable stability profiles and minimize aggregation during drug development.
Raised Lipid Profile In Rheumatoid Arthritis- A Risk For CVDiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Biotechnology and Biochemistry (IOSR-JBB) covers studies of the chemical processes in living organisms, structure and function of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules, chemical properties of important biological molecules, like proteins, in particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, genetic code (DNA, RNA), protein synthesis, cell membrane transport, and signal transduction. IOSR-JBB is privileged to focus on a wide range of biotechnology as well as high quality articles on genetic engineering, cell and tissue culture technologies, genetics, microbiology, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology, cell biology, chemical engineering, bioprocess engineering, information technology, biorobotics.
Cancer and Internist - Koronadal Internist Society.pdfLanceCatedral
General internists can participate in cancer care in several ways:
1) They can conduct cancer screening tests for breast, cervical, colorectal, liver, and prostate cancers to detect cancers early.
2) They can educate patients on cancer prevention strategies like maintaining a healthy weight, being physically active, not smoking, limiting alcohol, and following dietary recommendations.
3) They can manage cancer patients in a multidisciplinary setting to provide comprehensive care involving screening, prevention, treatment, palliative care, and survivorship support.
The document provides information about the 19th Annual World Congress on Insulin Resistance, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease (WCIRDC) conference that will take place from December 2-4, 2021 in Los Angeles. The conference will explore new frontiers in metabolism and link basic research to clinical practice. It will cover topics such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and liver disease. The conference aims to bring together researchers, physicians, and healthcare professionals to collaborate and discuss the latest scientific and clinical developments in metabolic diseases. It will feature distinguished global faculty, oral and poster presentations, and opportunities for in-person and virtual attendance.
PDCD is an abbreviation for pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency, a genetic mitochondrial disorder in children which is frequently associated with lactic acidosis and neurological/neuromuscular symptoms.
1- Differentiate between primary and secondary sources and provide an.pdfcontact28
1. Differentiate between primary and secondary sources and provide an example for each one. 2.
Describe the similarities and differences between a research paper and a review paper. 4. Is the
following Abstract from a research article? Abstract People of African ancestry (Blacks) have an
increased risk of kidney failure due to numerous socioeconomic, environmental, and clinical
factors. Two variants in the APOL1 gene are now thought to account for much of the racial
disparity associated with hypertensive kidney failure in Blacks. However. this knowledge has not
been translated into clinical care to help improve patient outcomes and address disparities.
GUARDD is a randomized trial to evaluate the effects and challenges of incorporating genetic
risk information into primary care. Hypertensive, non-diabetic, adults with self-reported African
ancestry. without kidney dysfunction, are recruited from diverse clinical settings and randomized
to undergo APOL1 genetic testing at baseline (intervention) or at one year (waitlist control).
Providers are educated about genomics and APOL1. Guided by a genetic counselor, trained staff
return APOL1 results to patients and provide low-literacy educational materials. Real-time
clinical decision support ols alert clinicians of their patients' APOL1 results and associated risk
status at the point of care. Our academiccommunity-clinical partnership designed a study to
generate information about the impact of genetic risk information on patient care (blood pressure
and renal surveillance) and on patient and provider knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.
GUARDD will help establish the effective implementation of APOLL risk-informed
management of hypertensive patients at high risk of CKD, and will provide a robust framework
for future endeavors to implement genomic medicine in diverse clinical practices. It will also add
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the above.
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3. Understanding individual patient goals and life expectancy is important for elderly patients, as some may choose no dialysis or conservative care over treatment burdens when remaining life is short.
1. A randomized trial compared restrictive (transfuse if Hb <7 g/dL) vs liberal (transfuse if Hb <9 g/dL) transfusion strategies in critically ill cancer patients with septic shock.
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3. Secondary outcomes including ventilation, renal replacement therapy, inotropes, and length of stay showed no significant differences.
4. The results suggest a liberal transfusion strategy may be preferable for critically ill cancer patients with septic shock, as a restrictive strategy was associated with higher 90-day mortality.
Similaire à Global Delphi consensus of renaming NAFLD (20)
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There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
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3. Greek word (δελφύς) delphys, meaning
“womb”
Sacred centre of ancient greeks
3 oracles (priests/priestess) were
considered messengers of god Apollo
Temple of God Apollo
5. In 1944, General Henry H. Arnold recruited
U.S. Army Air Corps
Report on “future technological capabilities”
that might be used by the military
General Henry Arnold
7. Term
NASH/NAFLD
by Ludwig et
al.
• 1st AASLD STC on
NAFLD: Need for
alternative name
discussed
• No consensus reached
Term MAFLD
proposed
MAFLD defined &
promoted as new
nomenclature
8. Hepatic steatosis (HS)
Histology or Imaging
No or Insignificant
alcohol intake
Exclude other
steatogenic causes
Drugs
Viral
AIH
Wilson disease
IEM
Insig alcohol: < 30g/d (M) & <20g/d(F)
AASLD PRACTICE GUIDANCE | HEPATOLOGY, VOL. 67, NO. 1, 2018
9. • Describes a disease by “what it is not” than “what it is”
• Core pathophysiology of metabolic dysfunction not depicted
Non Alcoholic
Stigmatising
Fatty
• NAFLDs with insignificant amount consumption had
independent progression of fibrosis (Korean study)
• People with risk for NAFLD with alcohol consumption more
than cutoffs set (30g/d to 60g/d)??
Alcohol consumption
thresholds
10. Conclusion:
Non heavy (especially moderate
amount) drinking was significantly &
independently associated with
worsening of non invasive markers of
fibrosis (NFS & FIB-4) compared to
non drinkers
11. NAFLD TO MAFLD: TERM & CRITERIA
REVISED (2020)
Hepatic steatosis
Histology or imaging
Obesity
(BMI>25kg/m2)
DM II
> 2 metabolic
abnormality
WC: > 94/80 cm in
M/F
BP > 130/85
mmHg
TGL > 150mg/dl
HDL-C < 40/50 in
M/F
Pre diabetes
HOMA IRS > 2.5
hs CRP > 2mg/dl
• Alcohol cutoff removed
• Criteria made for
inclusionary
• Pathophysiology addressed
18. What are issues
with current
nomenclature and
can they be
addressed?
What is the
importance of
steatohepatitis in
disease definition
and endpoints?
How should the
role alcohol be
accounted for (or
not)?
How might name
change impact
disease awareness,
clinical trials and
regulatory
approval
pathways?
Can an alternate
name reduce
heterogeneity and
allow for future
advances ?
19. Round 1: April 7 – May 9, 2022
• 35 Questions/statements
• ⍨1000 comments
Round 2: June 15 – 27, 2022
• 52 Questions/statements
• 1366 comments
Round 3: Oct 17 – 27, 2022
• 42 Questions/statements
• 800 comments
✅
✅
✅
Round 4: Dec 2, 2022 – Jan 22, 2023
• 4 Questions/statements
✅
A priori threshold of consensus: Super majority (>67%)
+
Chicago Nomenclature
Consensus conference
July 8-9, 2022
(61 in person, 69 virtual)
Pan-society nomenclature meeting,
Washington DC, TLM 2022
20.
21. Supermajority (74%) considered current names NAFLD & NASH as
flawed terms. Favoured for name change
Terms “Non alcoholic” & “Fatty” were considered stigmatising by 61% &
66% respectively
A name that describes underlying pathophysiology of disease was
preferred by 89%
Incorporating terms “metabolic disease or dysfunction” would help
patients understand their disease was agreed by 72%
22. Overarching term (Umbrella term) which would include NAFLD, ALD
other steatogenic conditions was preferred by 78%
Overarching terms like Fatty liver disease (FLD), steatotic liver
disease(SLD) & lipogenic liver disease (LLD) were given as options.
Instructed to rank their order as 1st , 2nd & 3rd choice
SLD chosen by 95% (as 1st & 2nd choice combined) by respondents
68% preferred a literal name (like SLD) over numerical subtype (type
1 & type 2)
23. 67% felt “metabolic” to be included in revised nomenclature for
NAFLD as a subtype under SLD
Simple majority: Agreed on adding cardiometabolic risk factor
(CMRF) as a part of disease definition
24. 95% agreed to retain “steatohepatitis”. As it has prognostic
implications & should remain an important distinction
Significant (supraminimal) alcohol dose of 30-60g/d alters the
natural history of disease (95%)
Such group of patients with significant alcohol intake should
represent a different disease entity under the term SLD
29. Rinella M et al, Hepatology 2023, published June 23
30. Should be inclusive rather than being exclusionary like non alcoholic
Minimal patient heterogeneity
Based on simple, readily available & easily measurable parameters
Inclusion of CMRF would strengthen epidemiological & pathological
link of insulin resistance in those patients
33. • Impact interpretation of previously published data?
• Impact on clinical trials?
• Impact on qualification of biomarkers?
34. Add publications
Song et al. Can we use old NAFLD data under the new MASLD definition? J Hep 2023
% not
fulfilling
MASLD
% not
fulfilling
MAFLD
Community sample
(HK) NAFLD
2.3% 5.4%
Incident NAFLD 10% 24%
Biopsy proven
NAFLD
0.2% 2.2%
35. Ratziu et al. Confirmatory biomarker diagnostic studies are not needed when transitioning
from NAFLD to MASLD. J Hep 2023.
Database from AFEF group for
study of liver fibrosis from 5
French tertiary care centers
Data acquired for NAFLD are
valid for MASLD
Nomenclature change will not
impact biomarker development
36. De et al. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) definition is better than MAFLD criteria for lean
patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). J Hep 2023
• Indian real world cohort of 1643 patients with NAFLD, 170 ‘lean’ (BMI <
23)
• 84% fulfilled MASLD definition
• 49.4% fulfilled MAFLD definition
• 16.5% lean patients not fitting into the MASLD criteria would likely be
categorized as cryptogenic SLD as per the new nomenclature
Notes de l'éditeur
Fig. 1. (A) Venn diagram showing the distribution of patients with hepatic steatosis who fulfilled 1, 2, or all 3 definitions of MASLD, MAFLD, and NAFLD. Hepatic steatosis was diagnosed by proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in a population screening study of 1,016 apparently healthy individuals. (
1,016 randomly selected community subjects who had undergone proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Hong Kong from 2008-2010 (mean age 48±10 years; 57.3% women; body mass index [BMI] 22.8±3.5 kg/m2).[5, 6] The population prevalence of NAFLD, MASLD, and MAFLD was 25.7% (95% Journal Pre-proof4 CI 23.1-28.5%), 26.7% (95% CI 24.0-29.5%), and 25.9% (95% CI 23.2-28.7%) respectively. Among 277 subjects with intrahepatic triglyceride content ≥5%, 89.2% met all three definitions (Fig. 1A). Among 261 patients with NAFLD, only 6 (2.3%) and 14 (5.4%) did not fulfil the metabolic criteria of MASLD and MAFLD respectively.
Metabolic risk profile in lean patients with NAFLD (n=170)