We live in interesting and accelerated times. No professional today, whether in the public or private sector, can afford to be unaware of the pace of changes surrounding them. The pace of business change happening around us is relentless. The global forces of competition, innovation, and new technologies are creating new markets while eliminating others.
Multidimensional technological forces involving automation, 3D printing, augmented reality, machine learning, Industry 4.0, internet of things, and blockchain are rapidly transforming the future of work, organizations, and jobs.
We are at the beginning of the fourth industrial revolution. Developments in machine learning, robotics, nanotech, biotech, and 3D printing are all building on and amplifying one another. Technology is disruptive and it keeps transforming workplaces, business practices, and work processes. Companies are trying hard to survive — the only way to survive is to adapt, change, and innovate fast.
Companies are hungrier for smart ideas and innovations than ever before because they know they will go extinct unless they learn, improve, evolve, accelerate, and create constantly.
89% of Fortune 500 companies from 1955 are not on the list in 2014. The average age of a company listed on the S&P 500 was 67 years old in the 1920s. Right now this age is 15 years only and it keeps going down. In 2028, 40% of all S&P 500 companies are expected to disappear from this list. Similarly, 75% of S&P 500 firms are estimated to be replaced within 15 years.
In 1996, Kodak had nearly 150 thousand employees and $28 billion market cap. In 2008, the whole market was gone. The invention of digital cameras eliminated traditional camera businesses. A company that is not trying to disrupt itself is destined to be disrupted.
We are experiencing a digital revolution and the industrial paradigm is over. Mass production is becoming obsolete and 3D printers are replacing factories. Companies work in virtual networks and remote work is the order of the day.
Products are bought on demand and they are customized by default. We do not need huge scales of economy, organization charts, hierarchies, factories, standardized exams, or large production floors anymore.
We do not need cable TV, mass-market, and broadcast advertising. We are now experiencing a borderless, democratized, digital world where each individual can have a huge impact.
We can now create our own game in this world. We can design games, create our own blogs or podcasts or YouTube channel or raise funds on Kickstarter. We can write a book and explain ourselves to the world. We can create fresh and exciting digital products (training, courses, etc.) We live in a world where ideas can change people’s lives. This means all of us can create our own game.
It is impossible to imagine that the skills needed at work will remain the same in the new decade. The world is changing fast and we need to learn, re-invent, and disrupt ourselves every day.
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How To Deal With Disruption and How To Thrive In A Disruptive Age
1. University of East Anglia
Norwich Business School
Management Skills
and Personal Development
NBS-7031X
Lectures 3-4
8 February, 2024
Dr. Fahri Karakas
F.Karakas@uea.ac.uk
2. Slide 1.2
Hackathon: How to Deal With Disruption
Disruption and Change
Understanding Disruption
Understanding Exponential Change
Towards the End of Jobs
Disrupting Education
Learning Adventure: Soft Skills Workshop
Key message of today: Disrupt yourself or get disrupted
+
+CV and Cover Letter– study at home
+New Skills for a New Era – study at home
3.
4.
5. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
Why do you need to create your own
assets in this day and age?
-Decline of jobs
-End of industrial revolution
-Start of entrepreneurial revolution
6. Slide 1.6
All traditional jobs are in
decline
Career ladder is gone
There is too much uncertainty
Everyone has to think like an
entrepreneur
The industrial revolution is over
The entrepreneur revolution is
starting
12. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
Which documentary, directed by Doug
Pray, depicts the role of disruption and
inspiration in the advertising industry in
the US?
-Art and Copy
14. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
Who is the agent provocateur and
advertising icon known for 92 covers he
designed for Esquire magazine from 1962
to 1972?
He has a book titled “Damn Good Advice”
-George Lois
15. Slide 1.15
Ralph Lauren,
Perry Ellis and
Calvin Klein
Tommy Hilfiger is
next.
19. Slide 1.19
When we think about the future, we tend to assume that most things will stay
similar and trends will continue in a linear fashion. This is almost never the
case. The world is changing drastically in front of our eyes.
2020 brought a lot of surprises and black swans in our lives — including the
Coronavirus pandemic and the subsequent economic depression
Technology companies have become more powerful than ever. Apple’s
market value has surged to $2-trillion market value. Top 7 companies gained
more than two trillion in market value during 2020.
We will witness large-scale changes and unexpected events in the next
decade. One of the biggest drivers of change will be exponential
technologies.
Wired experts talk of Mars colonies, a permanent moon base, accelerated
genome sequencing, little nuclear power plants, and a possible climate
apocalypse in 2030.
Understanding Non-linear/Exponential Change
20. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
What were some of the top tech
breakthroughs of 2020?
-Alphafold,
-GPT-3,
-Neuralink,
-Quantum Supremacy,
-Starlink satellites,
-Antiaging drugs
21. We lived a decade of events in 2020
For many, 2020 felt like five years packed into one…
• Historic pandemic
• Historic social movement (Black Lives Matter)
• Historic stimulus
• Historic wildfires
• Historic election
• Historic stock market high
• Historic technology breakthroughs (Alphafold, GPT-3, Neuralink
Quantum Supremacy, Starlink satellites, Antiaging drugs etc)
22.
23. We saw once-in-a-generation events in nearly every sphere of life. Each of these events
rippled throughout society leading to unpredictable second-order effects which upended our
long-held beliefs about media, democracy, business, and citizenship.
We had to fundamentally rethink our lives, relationships, and work.
Here's the thing though… 2020 isn't a temporary blip before things go back to normal. It is
the kickoff to an unprecedented acceleration that few have considered, let alone prepared
for.
If time is like a treadmill, 2020 was running. The near-future will be an all out sprint. How do
we keep up?
Because human biology evolves so slowly we don't notice, ideas (cultures, strategies,
technologies, etc.) evolve so quickly, we can't keep up.
Idea evolution is like biological evolution on steroids.
In other words, in a moment when many are already feeling overwhelmed by change, things
are about to take off even faster.
20 years from now, the rate of change will be 4x what it is now.
Things will keep accelerating from there, and in 40 years, it will be 16x
24.
25.
26.
27.
28. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
"We won't experience 100 years of
technological advance in the 21st century;
we will witness on the order of 20,000 years
of progress or about 1000 times greater
than what was achieved in the twentieth
century.”
Who said these words?
He also predicts “technological singularity”
— the crucial moment when machines
become smarter than humans — will occur
in our lifetime.
-Ray Kurzweil
29. EXPONENTIAL TIMES
• 20 years from now, the rate of change will be 4x what is now.
• For someone who is about 40 today, when they're 60 in 2040, the rate of
paradigm change will be 4x what it is now.
• For someone who is 10 today, when they're 60, they'll experience a year of
change in 11 days.
What We Can Do About Time Acceleration In Our Careers
• "In order to keep up with the world of 2050, you will need not merely to invent
new ideas and products but above all to reinvent yourself again and again."-
Yuval Noah Harari
• We are on the precipice of an era of extreme competition-which means that
the amount and pace of competition will accelerate 4x in the next 20 years.
• If you don't prepare now, you will be progressively outcompeted and
overwhelmed.
31. •I have 3 small puzzles
for you now.
•Please provide your
estimates.
31
32. Dynamic ‘Creative Destruction’
We do live in interesting times. Forget traditional jobs,
job security, upward mobility
•Fortune 500 companies
from 1955 vs. 2014.
•What % of them are still
on the list? Any
guesses?
32
33. Dynamic ‘Creative Destruction’
We do live in interesting times. Forget traditional jobs,
job security, upward mobility
•89% of Fortune 500
companies from 1955
are not on the list in
2014.
33
34. Dynamic ‘Creative Destruction’
We do live in interesting times. Forget traditional jobs,
job security, upward mobility
•Guess the average age
of a company listed on
the S&P 500
•During 1920s?
•Right now?
34
35. Dynamic ‘Creative Destruction’
We do live in interesting times. Forget traditional jobs,
job security, upward mobility
• The average age of a
company listed on the S&P
500 was:
• 67 years old in the 1920s
• Right, now this age is 12
years only and it keeps
dropping.
35
36.
37. Dynamic ‘Creative Destruction’
We do live in interesting times. Forget traditional jobs,
job security, upward mobility
• In 2028, what % of S&P
500 companies will stay on
the current list?
• Any guesses? Estimates?
37
38. Dynamic ‘Creative Destruction’
We do live in interesting times. Forget traditional jobs,
job security, upward mobility
• In 2028, 40% of all S&P
500 companies will
disappear from this list.
• 60% are expected to
survive the list – although
this figure might fall even
more radically.
38
54. Slide 1.54
10 smart individual strategies to survive and thrive during
the disruptive 2020s:
• You need to develop your antifragility and preparedness for black swans.
• You need to learn to think differently by learning across disciplines,
applying mental models, and focusing on the long term.
• You need to develop new capabilities for dealing with FONKU — the fear
of not keeping up.
• You need to focus on using your own imagination every day.
• You need to take care of your brain and improve your learning habits.
• You need to forget the career ladder and start creating your own assets.
• You need to become a polymath (renaissance person) who learns and
innovates beyond borders.
• You need to make a commitment to create your own creative
assets and invest in your own creativity.
• You need to develop your inspirational capital by being curious and
passionate.
• You need to develop positive habits, systems, and assets to take control
of your own future.
63. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
Nassim Nicholas Taleb wrote an influential
book, creating a theory on unpredictable
severe events. What is its title?
“An unpredictable event that is beyond what
is normally expected and has potentially
severe consequences.”
- Events like September 11, Trump’s election,
Brexit, or Covid-19
-Black Swan
67. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
What do we call a problem that is difficult or
impossible to solve because of constant
changes, unprecedented challenges, and
incomplete or contradictory requirements?
Financial crises, inequality, climate change
etc.
-A wicked problem
68. Slide 1.68
Your Career as a Wicked Problem
WHAT ARE THE
IMPLICATIONS OF
THIS MODEL?
HOW CAN YOU
COPE?
69. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
If your career is a wicked problem, how do
you start addressing or solving it?
- Be prepared for contingencies
- Be flexible, resilient, resourceful, and
entrepreneurial
70. Slide 1.70
Your Career is a Wicked Problem
1. Do not settle with
easiest and most
convenient option
available to you.
2. Cultivate a lot of
diverse seeds,
experiment, and see
which options have more
potential (i.e. grow)
3. Be prepared for
uncertainty through
developing more
resilience,
resourcefulness,
entrepreneurship, and
creativity
71. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
Who developed the theory and concept of
“the growth mindset”?
People having a growth mindset believe that
intelligence and abilities can be developed through
effort, persistence, trying different strategies and
learning from mistakes.
- Carol Dweck
75. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
Which book is the best seller book on
personal finance?
This book was published in 1997
It has since sold over 40 million copies
- Rich Dad
Poor Dad
- Robert
Kiyosaki
76. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
How do you become rich? What are the basic
principles?
- Make money work for
you
- Create or buy assets,
avoid debt/liabilities
- Save and invest early
- Create streams of
passive income
78. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
Which of the following existed before 2007?
INSTAGRAM, SNAPCHAT, PINTEREST, TIKTOK, WHATSAPP
AIRBNB, UBER, TESLA
BITCOIN, BLOCKCHAIN, 4G, 5G
85. Slide 1.85
These forward-thinking start-ups have not only identified unexploited
niches in the market that have the potential to become billion-dollar
businesses, a majority of them already are billion-dollar businesses.
◦ A startling 41 disruptors this year are unicorns that have
already reached or passed the billion-dollar mark.
These 50 companies have raised nearly $56
billion in venture capital at an implied market
valuation of more than $552 billion.
◦ Biotech and machine learning to transportation and retail and even exploring outer
space
◦ Drones and genes to the battles for control in the rapidly growing ridesharing, lodging
and cryptocurrency industries
◦ 40 with social or environmental purpose – deal with climate crisis
— these innovations are changing the world.
https://www.cnbc.com/2022/05/17/these-are-the-2022-cnbc-
disruptor-50-companies.html
86. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
WEF: By 2022 everyone will need how many
days of learning in one year?
101
87.
88. HERE IS A PUZZLE:
Who has first coined the term “FONKU” in an
article?
“Fear of Not Keeping Up”
Fahri Karakas
98. Slide 1.98
This university has no teachers, syllabus or fees: Paris's École
42 is reinventing education for the future (training the next
Zuckerberg)
◦ http://www.wired.co.uk/article/paris-tech-school-ecole-42
◦ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9OKfktv3k-0
◦ https://www.42.us.org/the-university/bootcamp-piscine/
https://www.udacity.com/
https://www.techinasia.com/online-learning-platform-17zuoye-raises-100m-
series-lei-jun-yuri-milner
http://www.itutorgroup.com/about_1.html
https://www.pluralsight.com/
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/higher/will-the-minerva-project-
the-first-elite-american-university-to-be-launched-in-a-century-change-the-
9624379.html
106. Exercise:
How would you design the
university of the future?
How would you disrupt higher
education?
In the next 1 minute:
Create min. 2 ideas - capture
them on a white page.
107. My vision
University of the
Future
I try to design and
improve this module
based on this model.
What do you think
university of the future
should look like?
How can we move
towards there?
113. Slide 1.113
Which job will you be applying for as part of
your coursework?
◦ Entry level job
◦ Which department/position?
◦ Find a job advertisement and attach it in your
coursework
◦ Customise your job application for this job.
Come up with a list of Top 3 best companies that you
would like to work for. Why do you want them?
Which department? Why?
Which job title?
◦ A) Think about the job requirements
◦ B) Think about your own KSAs (Knowledge, Skills,
Abilities) and experience
◦ C) Think about Evidence of Fit between A and B
◦ D) How will you demonstrate this evidence of fit?
Talk through these points with your team
116. Slide 1.116
Apply design tools, concepts, and thinking to the world of careers and
employability.
As youth unemployment reaches unprecedented levels in the UK and especially in London;
you can effectively use the resources and perspectives of the design discipline to empower
yourself in preparation for the job market
Rotman's business design courses
Ayse Birsel’s "Design the Life You Love“ workshops
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/forget-new-years-resoluti_b_798710
Harvard's "Design Thinking and Innovation" course by
Professor Srikant M. Datar
Open University's distance course on "Design thinking: creativity for the
21st century"
120. 120
Let us start with a puzzle
• Let us start with the following question:
• What do you think are the eight most important qualities of
Google’s top employees?
121. 121
TOP 8 QUALITIES OF GOOGLETOP
EMPLOYEES
• being a good coach;
• communicating and listening well;
• possessing insights into others (including others different values and
points of view);
• curiosity toward the ideas of your teammates;
• having empathy toward and being supportive of one’s colleagues;
• being a good critical thinker and problem solver;
• being able to make connections across complex ideas;
• emotional intelligence.
122. Slide 1.122
1
2
2
You will attend a mock job interview in a few minutes.
Your potential employers will ask you the following question:
Why should we hire you instead of 120 other applicants?
You need to come up with a story to tell your potential
employers.
This story should illustrate your soft skills. You can choose
any soft skill (or a mix of them); including:
◦ Team work and collaboration skills
◦ Communication skills
◦ Creativity and problem solving skills
◦ Leadership skills
◦ Customer service
Please write down this story. Remember the critical incident.
◦ Remember the setting. Who were involved? How did events unfold?
◦ What were the challenges? How did you overcome them?
125. Slide 1.125
1
2
5
I decided to run as a leader to lead the school team for a national competition. My friends were
worried that the people on the team were not motivated and they lacked the drive and the skills.
They told me: “You are making a mistake.”
Once I enrolled at my chosen school, I saw that my friends had been correct about the character of
the people on the team. The team members were not motivated, not athletic, and needless to say, lost
every race they entered.
Three other freshman who had walked onto the team joined me in deciding to change the team
members’ attitudes. However, animosity was abundant between the upperclassman and the
freshman. While we won races, the upperclassmen felt inferior, causing internal conflict in the team.
Regardless, I was determined to persuade the team to mesh well to create unity. Consequently, the
upperclassmen quit the team. I have worked very hard to be a role model and motivate and inspire
my team members. We believed in our shared goal and worked relentlessly until late hours.
Eventually, we advanced to the national level; getting a third-place medal.
The moral of this story is that when I was challenged to do the impossible, my devotion, character,
team leadership, and tenacity persevered, while also helping the team.
126. Slide 1.126
1
2
6
As a customer-service rep for a video-rental company, I once had an irate customer who left three
messages on my voicemail in about 10 minutes demanding a call back.
I listened to the customer explain that she was upset because she had purchased a loyalty program
membership from us, and then several days later, we were giving away the same memberships at no cost.
I apologized to the customer and asked her how I could help. She stated that she wanted her money back
and she would no longer be a member.
I agreed to refund her money. I then bought her a thank-you card and enclosed her refund and a free
membership to our loyalty program.
I also noticed that several times during the phone conversation, she had stopped to yell at her children, so
I also enclosed two coupons for free kids’ rentals.
I thanked her for her business, apologized for not meeting her expectations, and invited her to bring her
children in for a free video rental. I also enclosed my business card and asked her to call me directly if she
was ever disappointed in any way while visiting one of our locations.
She telephoned me when she received the card and told me that was the nicest thing any person had ever
done for her when she was upset with a business. I again thanked her for her business and told her that
she was my bread and butter. If she wasn’t happy, then I couldn’t be either!
131. Slide 1.131
1
3
1
CLUSTERS OF TWO
One of you will be recruiter; and the other will be job
applicant.
Ask your interviewees:
◦ Why should we hire you instead of 120 other applicants?
Tell us a story about yourself and your skills or experiences
that differentiate you apart?
Each job applicant tells their own story in 2-3 minutes.
132. Slide 1.132
1
3
2
CLUSTERS OF TWO
Now, you will exchange the roles. The recruiters will be
job applicants.
The job applicants will be the recruiters now.
Repeat the question so that they respond:
◦ Why should we hire you instead of 120 other applicants?
Tell us a story about yourself and your skills or experiences
that differentiate you apart?
Each job applicant tells their own story in 2-3 minutes.
133. Slide 1.133
1
3
3
CLUSTERS OF TWO
Now, please provide constructive feedback to each
other.
Everyone gives feedback quickly in less than 1 minute.
After finishing the exercise and sharing the
feedback/suggestions, write down a POP CORN for the
others in your team.
◦ A pop corn is something you write on a piece of paper for that
person to keep as a memory.
◦ It should be something positive, memorable, constructive.
134. How Professions are Changed by TikTok
The Case of Cilgin Dondurmaci (Ice Cream Vendor in Turkey)
135. New Skills for a New Era
Please study these slides at home
136. 136
Jobs will be automated.
Technical knowledge and
skills will probably be
automated.
Implication: Soft skills,
interpersonal skills, and
creativity will be even more
important (since robots
and computers cannot
replicate these).
140. Slide 1.140
Trends and statistics
Nobody knows Dodgeball. Everyone
knows Foursquare. Why?
We spend 3 billion hours in gaming
every week.
Carnegie Mellon University estimated
the average young person today spent
10,000 playing online games before the
age of 21
11 billion hours were spent playing Angry
Birds last year
Corporate success examples include
Samsung Nation and Nike Plus
After LinkedIn created ‘Profile
Completeness Bar’, profile completion
rates increased more than 20%.
https://blog.captainup.com/analysis-of-linkedin-
driving-engagement-with-gamification/
140
141. Slide 1.141
World Economic Forum Report
We are at the beginning of a Fourth Industrial
Revolution.
The rise of the sharing economy allows people
to monetize everything from their empty house
to their car.
Developments in genetics, artificial intelligence,
robotics, nanotechnology, 3D printing and
biotechnology are all building on and amplifying
one another.
This will lay the foundation for a revolution more
comprehensive and all-encompassing than
anything we have ever seen.
Smart systems—homes, factories, farms, grids
or cities—will help tackle problems ranging from
supply chain management to climate change.
141
144. Slide 1.144
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adipiscing elit. Etiam aliquet eu mi quis lacinia.
Ut fermentum a magna ut.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,
consectetur adipiscing elit.
Ut fermentum a magna ut eleifend.
Integer convallis suscipit ante eu varius.
Morbi a purus dolor. Suspendisse sit amet
ipsum finibus justo viverra blandit.
Ut congue quis tortor eget sodales.
144
146. 146
THE FUTURE WORKPLACE
WILL RELY ON SOFT SKILLS
• Automation and artificial
intelligence will result in
a greater proportion of
jobs relying on soft
skills.
• Thanks to cutting-edge
technology, tasks that
require hard skills are
continuing to decline,
making soft skills key
differentiators in the
workplace.
• A study by Deloitte
Access Economics
predicts that two-thirds
of all jobs in Australia
will rely on soft skills by
2030. This trend will
inevitably be mirrored
globally.
147. Slide 1.147
Robot-Proof: Higher Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Driverless cars are hitting the road, powered by artificial intelligence.
◦ Robots can climb stairs, open doors, win Jeopardy, analyze stocks, work in factories, find
parking spaces, advise oncologists.
◦ In the past, automation was considered a threat to low-skilled labor. Now, many high-
skilled functions, including interpreting medical images, doing legal research, and
analyzing data, are within the skill sets of machines.
◦ How can we prepare students for their professional lives when professions themselves
are disappearing?
◦ Students need to learn how to invent, to create, and to discover―to fill needs in society
that even the most sophisticated artificial intelligence agent cannot.
A “robot-proof” education calibrates students with a creative mindset and the
mental elasticity to invent, discover, or create something valuable to society - a
scientific proof, a hip-hop recording, a web comic, a cure for cancer.
A new discipline, humanics, prepares students to compete in a labor market in
which smart machines work alongside human professionals.
◦ The new literacies of humanics are data literacy, technological literacy, and human
literacy. Students will need data literacy to manage the flow of big data, and
technological literacy to know how their machines work, but human literacy―the
humanities, communication, and design―to function as a human being. Life-long
learning opportunities will support their ability to adapt to change.
The only certainty about the future is change. Higher education based on the
new literacies of humanics can equip students for living and working through
change.
147
148. Slide 1.148
The Gig Economy:
The Complete Guide to Getting Better Work, Taking More Time Off, and Financing the Life You Want
◦ From Uber to the presidential debates, the gig economy has been
dominating the headlines...and for good reason.
◦ Today, more than a third of Americans are working in the gig
economy-mixing together short-term jobs, contract work, and
freelance assignments.
The Gig Economy is an uncertain but rewarding new world.
Succeeding in it starts with shifting gears to recognize that only you control
your future.
Next is leveraging your skills, knowledge, and network to create your own
career trajectory- one immune to the whims of an employer.
◦ Packed with research, exercises, and anecdotes, this book supplies
strategies-ranging from the professional to the personal-to help you:
Construct a life based on your priorities and vision of success
Cultivate connections without networking
Create your own security
Take more time off
Build flexibility into your financial life
Face your fears by reducing risk
Prepare for the future and much more Layoffs... recessions...
Corporate jobs are not only unstable- they're increasingly scarce. It's
time to take charge of your own career and lead the life you actually
want.
1
4
8
153. Slide 1.153
Legitimize Daydreaming – a blog piece by me
http://www.mixhackathon.com/hack/legitimi
ze-daydreaming-fly-beyond-iron-cage
Miyazaki Dreams of Flying - Video Essay
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PATDDT
n_vHY
159. Slide 1.159
Read Self Making Studio and complete the exercises
Go over lecture materials
Read the FONKU article:
https://medium.com/@fahrikarakas/welcome-to-the-era-of-fonku-fear-of-not-keeping-up-46d9ce8523dd
Choose your job/position
Update your CV
Write your cover letter for this job/position
Choose which creative challenges/imagination
experiments you will do
It is your responsibility to learn module
skills/knowledge and make them useful for yourself
and your career