The document introduces the concept of a distributed manufacturing scenario based on distributed generation of energy, distributed manufacturing of physical goods, and open money. It discusses how open design projects could address problems by defining new distributed scenarios and designing strategic projects to achieve these scenarios. Business models for open design are also presented, including typical open source models where companies profit from open projects through sales or services.

1. Open P2P Design
Enabling Design 2.0 through Open
Processes, Systems, Tools and
Projects
Massimo Menichinelli
Roger Pitiot
Day 04:
Introduction to November 20th-23rd 2009
the Distributed IDAS, Seoul
http://www.workshop.colab-design.org/
Manufacturing
Scenario
http://openp2pdesign.org

2. 01.
What is the Distributed
Manufacturing Scenario ?

3. Design for a (Distributed) Scenario
Open projects seem very fascinating, but are they really going to
make a change? In order to make Open (P2P) Design a truly
changing and problem-solving discipline:
* we need to analyze current problems
* we need to define possible new scenarios that address these
problems
* we need to design strategic projects to reach these scenarios
* we need to metadesign processes for collective and distributed
action
--> May an Open, P2P and Distributed Scenario be the answer?

4. Design for the current Scenario
We need to recognize the scarcity of some resources:
* water/food
* oil/energy
* materials
* money
We need to recognize the abundance of some resources:
* knowledge/information
* distributed software, hardware and omputing power
--> A Scenario where design is used not to produced
more objects but to valorize scarce physical resources
and to share intellectual ones

5. Design for a new, Distributed Scenario
Based on:
* energy: distributed generation
* physical goods: distributed manufacturing
* financial resources: open money
And we need to redefine Design and its:
* identity
* knowledge
* social networks
* roles
* processes
* limits/choices
--> Let's redefine and use Design for enabling Distributed Systems

6. Problems and Limits of Open Projects
* lack of specific tools/softwares
* some hardware/services need to evolve more
* we need systems of services and technologies
* open alone does not mean a project will be succesful, it needs a
market, businesses models and marketing initiatives
* open and p2p processes are very flexible (and can be used for wrong
projects too)
* open and p2p dynamics still not so widely understood and accepted
* need for education about open p2p concepts first (and tools and
processes then)
--> Let's work on these issues, in an open and p2p way!
But things are evolving really
fast!

7. 02.
Business Models for Open
Design

8. 02.01 Typical Open Source Business Model
You participate in an Open Design without being paid because:
* you want to be part of a collaborative project
* you want to learn
* you want to solve a specific problem
* you want to share knowledge and expertise
* you want to have more reputation among other designers
* you need help for developing a project
* you want to showcase your experience as a designer to find a new
job
You participate in Open Design being paid by a company because:
* they need a new open design project to profit from
* they need an existing open design project but it's not ready yet
This is how participation in an
Open Source Software Works!

9. 02.01 Typical Open Source Business Model
A company can profit from an Open Design project because:
* it sells the project (yes, you can do it even if you share it!)
* it sells the manufactured project
* it sells products or contents (books) related to the open design one
* it sells projects built from the open design one
* it sells services for the project
* support
* customized projects
* education
* ...
* it gets fundings to develop the Open Design project
This is how an Open Design
project can profit!

10. Distributed Manufacturing: 01 of 03 Business Models
http://p2pfoundation.net/Category:Manufacturing
http://www.makerbot.com/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/hoeken/3407930569/
Open Hardware!

11. Distributed Manufacturing: 02 of 03 Business Models
http://p2pfoundation.net/Category:Manufacturing
http://www.shapeways.com/
A Web 2.0 Service /
Marketplace

12. Distributed Manufacturing: 02 of 03 Business Models
http://p2pfoundation.net/Category:Manufacturing
http://www.shapeways.com/
A Web 2.0 Service /
Marketplace

13. Distributed Manufacturing: 03 of 03 Business Models
http://p2pfoundation.net/Category:Manufacturing
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fablab http://www.fablabbcn.org/
A place / worhshop /
service!

14. P2P Lending
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P2p_lending
http://uk.zopa.com/ZopaWeb/public/about-zopa/about-zopa-home.html

15. Crowdfunding
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crowdfunding
http://www.kickstarter.com/

16. Crowdfunding (Unsuccesful example)
http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1833785894/100k-stray-toasthed-pull-toys

17. Crowdfunding (Interesting example)
http://www.thecosmonaut.org/

18. 02.04 Open Hardware Bank
http://www.oshwbank.org/
http://antipastohw.blogspot.com/2009/03/introducing-open-source-hardware.html

19. For Free! Freemium
http://www.wired.com/techbiz/it/magazine/16-03/ff_free
http://www.amazon.com/Free-Future-Radical-Chris-Anderson/dp/1401322905
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freemium
Freemium is a business model that works by offering basic services for
free, while charging a premium for advanced or special features. The
word "freemium" is a portmanteau created by combining the two
aspects of the business model: "free" and "premium". The business
model has gained popularity with Web 2.0 companies.
(source: Wikipedia)
This is how an Open Design
project can profit!

20. Long Tail
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Long_Tail
http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/12.10/tail.html
The Long Tail or long tail is a retailing concept describing the niche
strategy of selling a large number of unique items in relatively small
quantities – usually in addition to selling fewer popular items in large
quantities.
(source: Wikipedia)
And participation shows the
same distribution!

21. Any questions or comments?

22. Thank you!
Massimo Menichinelli
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