This presentation discusses the rights of parties to a conflict to adopt methods and means of warfare at their choice while also highlighting their limits in this regard.
International Humanitarian Law Lecture 11 - International Armed ConflictNilendra Kumar
This presentation recognises two categories of armed conflicts. It further describes the applicability of the conventions specially where it is non international in the strict sense of the term.
International Humanitarian Law Lecture 6 - Core Principles of IHLNilendra Kumar
This lecture lays down the application and the practice of International Humanitarian Law also known as Law of Armed Conflicts (LOAC). It gives a detailed explanation of the core principles of IHL.
International Humanitarian Law Lecture 19 - 70 Years of Geneva ConventionsNilendra Kumar
Geneva Conventions are the main plank of IHL treaty law adopted by India to abide by protection, compliance and adherence norms in armed conflicts
This presentation is a review of past 70 years resume in it's regard.
Intro to international humanitarian law by icrcTabi Khan
International Humanitarian Law (IHL), also known as the Law of Armed Conflict, regulates armed conflict by limiting means and methods of warfare and limiting suffering. IHL protects civilians and those who are wounded, captured or detained. It originated from ancient customs and was modernized in the 1860s by Henry Dunant, who established the International Committee of the Red Cross and promoted the Geneva Conventions protecting wounded soldiers. The four 1949 Geneva Conventions and two 1977 Additional Protocols apply to international and non-international armed conflicts. IHL principles include distinction, proportionality, unnecessary suffering and military necessity. All parties in conflict, including non-state actors, must respect IHL.
International humanitarian law (IHL) and international human rights law (IHRL) both aim to protect individuals in armed conflict and civil unrest. IHL regulates armed conflict by limiting means and methods of warfare and reducing suffering. It protects civilians and those no longer taking part in hostilities. IHRL establishes rules for governments in their treatment of individuals during peacetime and conflict, though some rights can be derogated during emergencies. Both bodies of law place duties on states and non-state actors, and establish international mechanisms to support implementation and enforcement.
The document discusses recent developments and challenges in international humanitarian law. It addresses changes in the nature of armed conflicts including their increasing complexity with multiple actors. It examines issues around qualifying situations of violence as international or non-international armed conflicts. It also discusses the development and application of international humanitarian law, including treaty law and challenges around classifying mixed or internationalized armed conflicts.
Law of war is that part of international law that regulates the resort to armed forces; the conduct to armed forces and the protection of war victims in both national and international conflict; conflicting occupation; and the relationship between conflict, neutral and non-conflicting states
International Humanitarian Law Lecture 11 - International Armed ConflictNilendra Kumar
This presentation recognises two categories of armed conflicts. It further describes the applicability of the conventions specially where it is non international in the strict sense of the term.
International Humanitarian Law Lecture 6 - Core Principles of IHLNilendra Kumar
This lecture lays down the application and the practice of International Humanitarian Law also known as Law of Armed Conflicts (LOAC). It gives a detailed explanation of the core principles of IHL.
International Humanitarian Law Lecture 19 - 70 Years of Geneva ConventionsNilendra Kumar
Geneva Conventions are the main plank of IHL treaty law adopted by India to abide by protection, compliance and adherence norms in armed conflicts
This presentation is a review of past 70 years resume in it's regard.
Intro to international humanitarian law by icrcTabi Khan
International Humanitarian Law (IHL), also known as the Law of Armed Conflict, regulates armed conflict by limiting means and methods of warfare and limiting suffering. IHL protects civilians and those who are wounded, captured or detained. It originated from ancient customs and was modernized in the 1860s by Henry Dunant, who established the International Committee of the Red Cross and promoted the Geneva Conventions protecting wounded soldiers. The four 1949 Geneva Conventions and two 1977 Additional Protocols apply to international and non-international armed conflicts. IHL principles include distinction, proportionality, unnecessary suffering and military necessity. All parties in conflict, including non-state actors, must respect IHL.
International humanitarian law (IHL) and international human rights law (IHRL) both aim to protect individuals in armed conflict and civil unrest. IHL regulates armed conflict by limiting means and methods of warfare and reducing suffering. It protects civilians and those no longer taking part in hostilities. IHRL establishes rules for governments in their treatment of individuals during peacetime and conflict, though some rights can be derogated during emergencies. Both bodies of law place duties on states and non-state actors, and establish international mechanisms to support implementation and enforcement.
The document discusses recent developments and challenges in international humanitarian law. It addresses changes in the nature of armed conflicts including their increasing complexity with multiple actors. It examines issues around qualifying situations of violence as international or non-international armed conflicts. It also discusses the development and application of international humanitarian law, including treaty law and challenges around classifying mixed or internationalized armed conflicts.
Law of war is that part of international law that regulates the resort to armed forces; the conduct to armed forces and the protection of war victims in both national and international conflict; conflicting occupation; and the relationship between conflict, neutral and non-conflicting states
International Humanitarian Law Lecture 12 - Non International Armed ConflictNilendra Kumar
This presentation explains the meaning and the concept of the Non International Armed Conflicts (NIAC) along with its applications in IHL. It describes the features and causes of the same.
International humanitarian law presentationRida Khan
International Humanitarian Law (IHL) regulates the conduct of armed conflicts and seeks to limit human suffering. It originated in the 19th century and is now comprised of the Geneva Conventions and additional protocols that protect civilians, prisoners of war, and others not participating in hostilities. IHL applies in both international and non-international armed conflicts and restricts certain weapons and tactics while providing humanitarian protections and oversight of compliance.
This document discusses the sources of international law. It identifies the main sources as treaties, international customs, general principles of law, judicial decisions, and scholarly writings. It examines each source in more detail, including how treaties can become customary international law over time through widespread acceptance and practice. The Statute of the International Court of Justice is also discussed as recognizing these sources of international law. There is no definitive hierarchy between sources, but treaties and customs are generally considered primary sources, along with general principles of law.
The document discusses the legal regulation of the use of force under international law. It covers:
1) The law before 1945 permitted the use of force under just war doctrine and states' sovereign rights, though there were attempts to prohibit war through the League of Nations and Kellogg-Briand Pact.
2) After 1945, the UN Charter prohibits the use of force except in self-defense or under UN Security Council authorization. The Nicaragua v. US case established that indirect force and intervention are also prohibited, and that self-defense requires an armed attack and a request from the victim state.
3) There are restrictive and permissive views on interpreting prohibitions on force - the restrictive view
THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT (ICC) AND MYANMAR-BANGLADESHMYO AUNG Myanmar
The International Criminal Court (ICC) investigates and, where warranted, tries individuals charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community: genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and the crime of aggression.
The Court is participating in a global fight to end impunity, and through international criminal justice, the Court aims to hold those responsible accountable for their crimes and to help prevent these crimes from happening again.
The Court cannot reach these goals alone. As a court of last resort, it seeks to complement, not replace, national Courts. Governed by an international treaty called the Rome Statute, the ICC is the world’s first permanent international criminal court.
https://www.icc-cpi.int/rohingya-myanmar
Preliminary examination Bangladesh/Myanmar(ONGOING)
https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/item.aspx?name=180918-otp-stat-Rohingya
Related Documents
18 September 2018
Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Mrs Fatou Bensouda, on opening a Preliminary Examination concerning the alleged deportation of the Rohingya people from Myanmar to Bangladesh
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBDakDv9s2o&feature=youtu.be
https://www.dropbox.com/s/mszr5ktqh7a8ta0/Statement_of_ICC_Prosecutor_on_opening_a_Preliminary_Examination_concerning_the_Rohingya.mp4?dl=0
https://www.dropbox.com/s/xjfulzz77bl3nf5/Statement_of_ICC_Prosecutor_on_opening_a_Preliminary_Examination_concerning_the_Rohingya.mp3?dl=0
https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-1
https://www.icc-cpi.int/CourtRecords/CR2018_02057.PDF
https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-36
Notice of the Public Statement Issued by the Government of Myanmar
ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-36
17 August 2018 | Office of the Prosecutor | Notice
https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-28
Decision Inviting the Competent Authorities of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar to Submit Observations pursuant to Rule 103(1) of the Rules of Procedure and Evidence on the “Prosecution’s Request for a Ruling on Jurisdiction under Article 19(3) o
ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-28
21 June 2018 | Pre-Trial Chamber I | Decision
https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-31
Source of International Law. Detail of the source of International law. It is very important for those students who are preparing for Law exams, or who studying the law. It is also very important for Semester exams.
International Humanitarian Law, (Lecture 15)- Distinction between internation...Nilendra Kumar
This presentation explains the nature of an armed conflict and the salient differences between international armed conflict and non international armed conflict while also highlighting its relevance there to.
This document provides an outline and objectives for analyzing key concepts relating to international humanitarian law (IHL) and international criminal law (ICL). It discusses the interlinkages between public international law, international human rights law, IHL, and ICL. The document outlines the history and emergence of IHL and ICL, their key legal instruments and sources. It analyzes the application of ICL and categories of international crimes such as war crimes and crimes against humanity. The connection between IHL and ICL is also discussed, particularly how violations of IHL can constitute war crimes under ICL.
International Humanitarian Law Lecture 18 - Protection of Different Categorie...Nilendra Kumar
This presentation describes in detail the different categories of persons involved in an Armed Conflict. Furthermore it explains the status of these persons.
This document discusses war crimes and international humanitarian law (IHL). It defines war crimes as grave violations of IHL that individuals can be held criminally responsible for. For a crime to occur, there must be an ongoing armed conflict between states or organized armed groups. Crimes must also be sufficiently related to the armed conflict in terms of the perpetrator's role, victim status, or purpose of the act. Common war crimes include deliberately attacking civilians, using weapons that cause unnecessary suffering, and disproportionate attacks that cause excessive civilian harm compared to military advantage gained. While attacks on military targets are allowed under IHL, civilians and civilian infrastructure must be protected to the extent possible during armed conflict.
The document discusses the definitions and sources of international humanitarian law (IHL), also known as the laws of war. It explains that IHL aims to limit suffering and protect civilians during armed conflicts by establishing rules for combatants and military objectives. The main sources of IHL are lawmaking treaties like the Geneva and Hague Conventions, as well as customary international law. The document outlines the key purposes and applicability of IHL, and consequences for violating its provisions.
The International Criminal Court (commonly referred to as the ICC or ICCt)
is the world's first permanent, international judicial body capable of bringing
perpetrators to justice and providing redress to victims when states are unable or
unwilling to do so.1
Charter of U.N. Article 2(1,4,7) InterventionAshok Bala
This presentation discusses intervention, the Gulf War, and principles of international law. It begins with definitions of intervention and discusses the tension between state sovereignty and self-defense. It then covers the 1991 Gulf War when Iraq invaded Kuwait, violating the UN Charter, leading the UN Security Council to authorize force to remove Iraqi forces. The presentation also discusses the Monroe Doctrine of non-intervention in the Americas and the related Drago Doctrine protecting states from armed intervention over debt claims. In conclusion, it restates that Iraq violated international law by invading Kuwait.
The document discusses the sources of international law that the International Court of Justice (ICJ) applies in deciding disputes. There are five main sources according to Article 38(1) of the ICJ Statute: 1) international conventions and treaties, 2) international customs, 3) general principles of law, 4) judicial decisions and writings of publicists, and 5) reason and equity. Treaties can be either law-making or contractual. Customary international law requires consistent state practice and opinio juris. General principles fill gaps where no treaty or custom applies. Judicial decisions and writings are subsidiary sources. The ICJ can decide cases ex aequo et bono if parties agree.
International humanitarian law (IHL) has its origins in the 19th century but is based on older principles of mitigating human suffering during armed conflict. IHL is derived from both historical sources like the 1864 Geneva Convention and 1907 Hague Regulations, as well as modern treaties like the 1949 Geneva Conventions and 1977 Additional Protocols. These sources aim to balance military necessity with humanitarian protections for civilians and combatants. IHL also includes customary international law derived from widespread and consistent state practice followed out of a sense of legal obligation.
A Critically Analysis of the Doctrine of Use of Force by States under Interna...Onyekachi Duru Esq
The purpose of this presentation is to provide a clear statement, assessment and critical analysis of the rules of international law governing the use of force by states.
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) settles legal disputes submitted by states and provides advisory opinions to UN bodies. It is composed of 15 judges elected by the UN General Assembly and Security Council. The ICJ has jurisdiction over cases between states if they have accepted its jurisdiction, usually by special agreement, treaty clause, or unilateral declaration. States may make reservations to limit the ICJ's jurisdiction over certain disputes like those solely within domestic jurisdiction. The ICJ lacks jurisdiction if states have not consented to its authority and can raise preliminary objections to the admissibility of a case.
State jurisdiction refers to a state court's authority to make legally binding decisions over cases that arise within its territorial boundaries. D.J. Harris defined state jurisdiction as having both the power to prescribe rules (prescriptive jurisdiction) and the power to enforce them (enforcement jurisdiction). Sections 2, 3, and 4 of the Indian Penal Code establish that Indian law can try offenses committed beyond India's borders if committed by Indian citizens or on Indian-registered ships or aircraft.
Remenants of war and unexploded explosives pose a great hazard to peace ans stability. IHL has devoted considerable thought to there grave consequesnces. This presentation is a study in that regard.
International Humanitarian Law Lecture 12 - Non International Armed ConflictNilendra Kumar
This presentation explains the meaning and the concept of the Non International Armed Conflicts (NIAC) along with its applications in IHL. It describes the features and causes of the same.
International humanitarian law presentationRida Khan
International Humanitarian Law (IHL) regulates the conduct of armed conflicts and seeks to limit human suffering. It originated in the 19th century and is now comprised of the Geneva Conventions and additional protocols that protect civilians, prisoners of war, and others not participating in hostilities. IHL applies in both international and non-international armed conflicts and restricts certain weapons and tactics while providing humanitarian protections and oversight of compliance.
This document discusses the sources of international law. It identifies the main sources as treaties, international customs, general principles of law, judicial decisions, and scholarly writings. It examines each source in more detail, including how treaties can become customary international law over time through widespread acceptance and practice. The Statute of the International Court of Justice is also discussed as recognizing these sources of international law. There is no definitive hierarchy between sources, but treaties and customs are generally considered primary sources, along with general principles of law.
The document discusses the legal regulation of the use of force under international law. It covers:
1) The law before 1945 permitted the use of force under just war doctrine and states' sovereign rights, though there were attempts to prohibit war through the League of Nations and Kellogg-Briand Pact.
2) After 1945, the UN Charter prohibits the use of force except in self-defense or under UN Security Council authorization. The Nicaragua v. US case established that indirect force and intervention are also prohibited, and that self-defense requires an armed attack and a request from the victim state.
3) There are restrictive and permissive views on interpreting prohibitions on force - the restrictive view
THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT (ICC) AND MYANMAR-BANGLADESHMYO AUNG Myanmar
The International Criminal Court (ICC) investigates and, where warranted, tries individuals charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community: genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and the crime of aggression.
The Court is participating in a global fight to end impunity, and through international criminal justice, the Court aims to hold those responsible accountable for their crimes and to help prevent these crimes from happening again.
The Court cannot reach these goals alone. As a court of last resort, it seeks to complement, not replace, national Courts. Governed by an international treaty called the Rome Statute, the ICC is the world’s first permanent international criminal court.
https://www.icc-cpi.int/rohingya-myanmar
Preliminary examination Bangladesh/Myanmar(ONGOING)
https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/item.aspx?name=180918-otp-stat-Rohingya
Related Documents
18 September 2018
Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Mrs Fatou Bensouda, on opening a Preliminary Examination concerning the alleged deportation of the Rohingya people from Myanmar to Bangladesh
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DBDakDv9s2o&feature=youtu.be
https://www.dropbox.com/s/mszr5ktqh7a8ta0/Statement_of_ICC_Prosecutor_on_opening_a_Preliminary_Examination_concerning_the_Rohingya.mp4?dl=0
https://www.dropbox.com/s/xjfulzz77bl3nf5/Statement_of_ICC_Prosecutor_on_opening_a_Preliminary_Examination_concerning_the_Rohingya.mp3?dl=0
https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-1
https://www.icc-cpi.int/CourtRecords/CR2018_02057.PDF
https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-36
Notice of the Public Statement Issued by the Government of Myanmar
ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-36
17 August 2018 | Office of the Prosecutor | Notice
https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-28
Decision Inviting the Competent Authorities of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar to Submit Observations pursuant to Rule 103(1) of the Rules of Procedure and Evidence on the “Prosecution’s Request for a Ruling on Jurisdiction under Article 19(3) o
ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-28
21 June 2018 | Pre-Trial Chamber I | Decision
https://www.icc-cpi.int/Pages/record.aspx?docNo=ICC-RoC46(3)-01/18-31
Source of International Law. Detail of the source of International law. It is very important for those students who are preparing for Law exams, or who studying the law. It is also very important for Semester exams.
International Humanitarian Law, (Lecture 15)- Distinction between internation...Nilendra Kumar
This presentation explains the nature of an armed conflict and the salient differences between international armed conflict and non international armed conflict while also highlighting its relevance there to.
This document provides an outline and objectives for analyzing key concepts relating to international humanitarian law (IHL) and international criminal law (ICL). It discusses the interlinkages between public international law, international human rights law, IHL, and ICL. The document outlines the history and emergence of IHL and ICL, their key legal instruments and sources. It analyzes the application of ICL and categories of international crimes such as war crimes and crimes against humanity. The connection between IHL and ICL is also discussed, particularly how violations of IHL can constitute war crimes under ICL.
International Humanitarian Law Lecture 18 - Protection of Different Categorie...Nilendra Kumar
This presentation describes in detail the different categories of persons involved in an Armed Conflict. Furthermore it explains the status of these persons.
This document discusses war crimes and international humanitarian law (IHL). It defines war crimes as grave violations of IHL that individuals can be held criminally responsible for. For a crime to occur, there must be an ongoing armed conflict between states or organized armed groups. Crimes must also be sufficiently related to the armed conflict in terms of the perpetrator's role, victim status, or purpose of the act. Common war crimes include deliberately attacking civilians, using weapons that cause unnecessary suffering, and disproportionate attacks that cause excessive civilian harm compared to military advantage gained. While attacks on military targets are allowed under IHL, civilians and civilian infrastructure must be protected to the extent possible during armed conflict.
The document discusses the definitions and sources of international humanitarian law (IHL), also known as the laws of war. It explains that IHL aims to limit suffering and protect civilians during armed conflicts by establishing rules for combatants and military objectives. The main sources of IHL are lawmaking treaties like the Geneva and Hague Conventions, as well as customary international law. The document outlines the key purposes and applicability of IHL, and consequences for violating its provisions.
The International Criminal Court (commonly referred to as the ICC or ICCt)
is the world's first permanent, international judicial body capable of bringing
perpetrators to justice and providing redress to victims when states are unable or
unwilling to do so.1
Charter of U.N. Article 2(1,4,7) InterventionAshok Bala
This presentation discusses intervention, the Gulf War, and principles of international law. It begins with definitions of intervention and discusses the tension between state sovereignty and self-defense. It then covers the 1991 Gulf War when Iraq invaded Kuwait, violating the UN Charter, leading the UN Security Council to authorize force to remove Iraqi forces. The presentation also discusses the Monroe Doctrine of non-intervention in the Americas and the related Drago Doctrine protecting states from armed intervention over debt claims. In conclusion, it restates that Iraq violated international law by invading Kuwait.
The document discusses the sources of international law that the International Court of Justice (ICJ) applies in deciding disputes. There are five main sources according to Article 38(1) of the ICJ Statute: 1) international conventions and treaties, 2) international customs, 3) general principles of law, 4) judicial decisions and writings of publicists, and 5) reason and equity. Treaties can be either law-making or contractual. Customary international law requires consistent state practice and opinio juris. General principles fill gaps where no treaty or custom applies. Judicial decisions and writings are subsidiary sources. The ICJ can decide cases ex aequo et bono if parties agree.
International humanitarian law (IHL) has its origins in the 19th century but is based on older principles of mitigating human suffering during armed conflict. IHL is derived from both historical sources like the 1864 Geneva Convention and 1907 Hague Regulations, as well as modern treaties like the 1949 Geneva Conventions and 1977 Additional Protocols. These sources aim to balance military necessity with humanitarian protections for civilians and combatants. IHL also includes customary international law derived from widespread and consistent state practice followed out of a sense of legal obligation.
A Critically Analysis of the Doctrine of Use of Force by States under Interna...Onyekachi Duru Esq
The purpose of this presentation is to provide a clear statement, assessment and critical analysis of the rules of international law governing the use of force by states.
The International Court of Justice (ICJ) settles legal disputes submitted by states and provides advisory opinions to UN bodies. It is composed of 15 judges elected by the UN General Assembly and Security Council. The ICJ has jurisdiction over cases between states if they have accepted its jurisdiction, usually by special agreement, treaty clause, or unilateral declaration. States may make reservations to limit the ICJ's jurisdiction over certain disputes like those solely within domestic jurisdiction. The ICJ lacks jurisdiction if states have not consented to its authority and can raise preliminary objections to the admissibility of a case.
State jurisdiction refers to a state court's authority to make legally binding decisions over cases that arise within its territorial boundaries. D.J. Harris defined state jurisdiction as having both the power to prescribe rules (prescriptive jurisdiction) and the power to enforce them (enforcement jurisdiction). Sections 2, 3, and 4 of the Indian Penal Code establish that Indian law can try offenses committed beyond India's borders if committed by Indian citizens or on Indian-registered ships or aircraft.
Remenants of war and unexploded explosives pose a great hazard to peace ans stability. IHL has devoted considerable thought to there grave consequesnces. This presentation is a study in that regard.
This document summarizes international humanitarian law (IHL), including its sources in customary international law and treaties like the Hague and Geneva Conventions. It describes the key principles of IHL like distinction, proportionality, and military necessity. It discusses the different types of armed conflicts and protected persons under IHL such as civilians, prisoners of war, and the wounded. It also outlines prohibitions on means and methods of warfare and the application of IHL to non-international armed conflicts.
National Security has a close linkage with cross border threats, aggression by non- state actors, and the role of the International Criminal Court. This presentation discusses the efficacy of ICC.
The document discusses various topics related to weapons of mass destruction including terrorism, chemical weapons, biological weapons, and nuclear weapons. It provides definitions and classifications of terrorism, describes some major terrorist attacks, and explains the different types of weapons of mass destruction including how they work and historical uses. The document also discusses treaties like the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty which aims to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and allow peaceful use of nuclear technology.
This document provides an introduction and background on the conflict with ISIS in Iraq and Syria. It examines whether US-led airstrikes against ISIS are legal under international law. It discusses the principles of self-defense and international humanitarian law. It analyzes if ISIS's actions constitute genocide or ethnic cleansing based on their targeting of religious minority groups. It also classifies the conflict as either international or non-international based on definitions in international law.
1) Logo and Polo were engaged in an international armed conflict over territorial disputes. Logo breached international humanitarian law through indiscriminate attacks, using chemical weapons and booby-traps, destroying civilian infrastructure without military necessity, mistreating women and child civilians, and torturing prisoners of war.
2) Specifically, Logo indiscriminately destroyed a dam, employed chemical weapons and booby-traps, demolished a civilian nuclear reactor without justification, raped women and recruited child soldiers, and tortured captured enemy combatants. All of these acts violated principles of distinction between combatants and civilians, prohibitions on unnecessary suffering, and humane treatment of non-combatants.
3) In conclusion,
This petition requests that the ICC investigate war crimes committed in Suriname between 1980 and 1992, and from 2010 to present, during periods of military dictatorship. It argues that an amnesty bill passed in 2012 shields perpetrators and prevents prosecution. Over 155 individuals were murdered by the military regime and affiliated civilians through acts including: arbitrary arrests and detention, torture, disappearances, rape and extrajudicial killings of civilians and military personnel. Several specific cases are described in detail to support allegations of war crimes and the need for investigation, as the crimes have never been properly investigated by Surinamese authorities and impunity remains. The petition requests the ICC assess the situation proprio motu under the Rome Statute.
This document discusses weapons of mass destruction, focusing on nuclear weapons and biological weapons. It provides details on the types of nuclear weapons, countries that possess them, and historical nuclear accidents and incidents. It also outlines biological warfare agents, countries that possess biological weapons, and methods of delivery. Examples are given of past uses of biological weapons, including by Imperial Japan during WWII. The large-scale destruction caused by WMDs and difficulties in preventing bioterrorism are also mentioned.
This document discusses weapons of mass destruction, focusing on nuclear weapons and biological weapons. It provides details on the types of nuclear weapons, countries that possess them, and historical nuclear accidents and incidents. It also outlines biological warfare agents, countries that possess biological weapons, and methods of delivery. Examples are given of past uses of biological weapons, including by Imperial Japan during WWII. The large-scale impacts of potential uses of biological weapons are also noted.
This document discusses the ethics of war and conflict situations. It begins by defining ethics and outlining key ethical principles. It then poses three questions regarding the ethics of war: 1) Is it ever right to go to war? 2) When is it right to wage war? 3) What is the ethical way to fight a war? The document discusses concepts like just war theory and jus in bello. It outlines international conventions and laws that govern the ethics of war, including prohibitions on torture, inhumane experimentation, and attacks on civilians. The goal of international humanitarian law is to limit suffering during armed conflicts.
The document discusses the Law of Armed Conflict (LOAC). It defines LOAC as the branch of international law that seeks to limit the effects of armed conflict by protecting non-combatants and restricting means and methods of warfare. LOAC applies to both international and non-international armed conflicts. It aims to protect civilians, prisoners of war, and limit unnecessary suffering. Key LOAC principles are military necessity, distinction between combatants and civilians, and proportionality in attacks. The Geneva Conventions of 1949 are important sources of LOAC rules governing treatment of wounded forces, prisoners of war, and civilians.
presentation report on WAR AND TERRORISM. and yes for better viewing experience, please download the file so that you can get all the info because the slides are animated.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
2) international law and the use of force by statesilyana iskandar
This document provides notes on international law regarding the use of force by states. It discusses the prohibition on the use of force under the UN Charter and customary international law, with limited exceptions for self-defense and UN-authorized actions. It examines key cases like Nicaragua v. US that helped establish the restrictive interpretation of self-defense. While unilateral humanitarian intervention is generally prohibited, collective action authorized by the UN Security Council under Chapter VII is allowed. The principles of non-intervention and necessity/proportionality in self-defense are also summarized.
Non proliferation treaty & amp India's standNaga Muruga
1) India did not sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) or the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) because the conditions of these treaties unfairly restricted developing countries like India while benefiting larger nuclear powers.
2) India's 1974 "Smiling Buddha" nuclear test, conducted for security reasons against threats from Pakistan and China, inadvertently strengthened the global non-proliferation regime and motivated more countries to sign the NPT.
3) India's decision to develop nuclear weapons was driven by its need to maintain political autonomy in a threatening security environment, as relinquishing its nuclear options would have constrained its foreign policy choices according to its leaders at the
Awareness of biological_warfare_in_nigeria (2)FRANCIS874214
Nigeria is unprepared to detect, deter, or defend against a biological weapons attack that could cripple critical systems like government or oil and gas. The author argues that Nigeria should establish a biodefense program in Nigerian universities, modeled after a program at George Mason University, to educate students on biodefense science and technologies like threat assessment and medical preparedness. Biological warfare has been used throughout history, and advances in microbiology have made biological agents more sophisticated weapons. Nigeria has committed to prohibiting biological weapons as a signatory of the Biological Weapons Convention.
Geneva Conventions: Significance and Current ChallengesNilendra Kumar
This document discusses the significance and current challenges of international humanitarian law (IHL). It notes that IHL provides important protections for civilians and the wounded in armed conflicts. However, there are ongoing challenges including the blurring lines between civilians and combatants, ensuring effective implementation on the ground during conflicts, and the increasing role of private security companies. The document also outlines efforts to update IHL commentary and publications, challenges in training and education, and the need for improved dissemination and compliance with IHL.
Geneva Conventions Significance and Current Challenges.Nilendra Kumar
This presentation explains the 'Geneva Conventions Significance and Current Challenges' in the context ongoing armed conflicts and the technological developments.
Regulation of scientific experiments leading to loss ofVishnu Manoharan
This document discusses the regulation of scientific experiments that result in loss of human life. It provides background on how science has increasingly been used for military purposes over time, especially with the world wars accelerating this relationship. It discusses several international treaties and conventions that have been established to regulate weapons and warfare, including those that banned chemical weapons, biological weapons, and restricted nuclear proliferation. Specific treaties mentioned include the Geneva Protocol, Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Biological Weapons Convention, and Environmental Modification Convention. The document also discusses the nuclear arms race between the US and Soviet Union during the Cold War.
Similaire à IHL and New Means and Methods of Warfare (20)
A Critical Study of ICC Prosecutor's Move on GAZA WarNilendra Kumar
ICC Prosecutor Karim Khan's proposal to its judges seeking permission to prosecute Israeli leaders and Hamas commanders for crimes against the law of war has serious ramifications and calls deep scrutiny.
Regulating Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems (LAWS).pptxNilendra Kumar
The practice of using Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems has given rise to examine the legality of use of such weapons under the international humanitarian law. This is the aim of this presentation.
Skill Development in Law, Para Legal & other Fields and Export of Trained Man...Nilendra Kumar
Professional degree in law must be clinical in nature and based on skill development so as to enable law graduates to undertake their professional duties soon after their graduation.
The peace keepers deployed in different jurisdiction are often confronted with complicated legal problems. Troop contributing countries, member states and the Secretary General must regularly and actively engage to resolve the legal challenges.
Elective Course on Forensic Science in LawNilendra Kumar
Introduction to offer an elective course on forensics in law will hugely benefit law students interested in criminal law practice or work as Public Prosecutors.
Workshop on legal, academic or creative writing.Nilendra Kumar
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CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
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4. 1. Comments and response on the presentation
2. Means and methods of warfare.
3. Discussion-
a) Drone attacks
b) Iraq war
c) Sri Lanka
4. Points pertaining to India
5. IHL limits the rights of parties to a conflict to use methods
and means of warfare of their choice.
6. Methods and means of warfare relate to the types of
weapons used, the way they are used and the general
conduct of all those engaged in the armed conflict.
7. 1. Hague Convention of 1907
2. The 1977 Additional Protocols to the Geneva
Conventions.
3. A series of agreements on specific weapons.
8. Means - are tools and weapons of war.
Methods - concern the manner, or the way, in which
warfare is conducted.
10. Methods of warfare consist of various general categories
of operations, such as bombing, as well as specific tactics
used for attack, such as high altitude bombing.
11. CUSTOMARY IHL
Rule 17- Each party to the conflict must take all feasible
precautions in the choice of means and methods of
warfare with a view to avoiding and in any event
minimizing, incidental loss of civilian life, injury to
civilians and damage to civilian objects.
12. 1. Timing of attack
2. Avoid combat in populated area
3. Selection of means of warfare proportionate to the
target.
4. Use of precision weapons.
5. Target selection.
13. Injury to individuals and resultant suffering must be
limited to that necessary to win the battle.
14. Such a mandate can be attained by adherence to certain
general principles
15. 1. Distinction
2. Proportionality
3. Protection
4. Military necessity
5. Superfluous injury/unnecessary suffering
6. Precaution
For due observance of such principles, various rules have
been framed.
16. Rule 6- Civilians are protected against attack, unless and
for such time as they take a direct part in hostilities.
17. It is particularly prohibited to employ means or methods
which are intended or of a nature:
To cause superfluous injury or unnecessary suffering
To injure military objectives, civilians, or civilians
objects without distinction.
To cause wide spread long term, and severe damage to
the natural environment.
18. 1. Bullets
2. Cluster munitions
3. Poisons and poisoned weapons
4. Biological and chemical weapons
5. Chemical weapons
21. 1. Perfidy
2. Attack on undefended towns
3. Attacks on cultural property
4. Reprisals
5. Starvation of civilians
22. 1. Ruses of war and use of measures necessary for
obtaining information on the opposite party.
2. Psychological warfare
3. Deny the enemy ability to produce weapons
24. Sr.
No.
Convention/ Protocol Date First Military Use
1. Prohibition of Bacteriological
and Toxin weapons
10 April 1972 1960s
2. Prohibition of Environmental
Modification Techniques
10 December 1976 Early 1970s
3. Deemed to be exclusively
injurious
21 December 2001 -
4. Non Detectable Fragments
(Protocol 1)
10 December 1980 -
5. Mines, Booby Traps 3 May 1986 Used in WW II
August 1943
6. Incendiary Weapons 10 October 1980 18 January 1915
7. Explosive Remnants of War 28 November 2003
8. Anti- personal Mines 18 September 1997 Used in WW II
9. Cluster Munitions 30 May 2008 Used in WW II
26. 1. Attack on civilians and civilian buildings.
2. Execution of combatants and prisoners
3. Enforced disappearances.
4. Child soldiers.
27. DRONE STRIKES
Number of civilians killed are estimated to be around 286 to 890
including 168 to 197 children
28. Degree of Proof
1. Preponderance of the evidence
2. Clear and convincing evidence
3. Beyond a reasonable doubt
4. Near certainty
29. Number of attacks- 369 casualties
a) Militants- 2,29
b) Civilians- 286
c) Unknown- 274
TOTAL- 2,851
As of 25 December 2013 according to New America
Foundation
30. 1. Drone attacks cause collateral damage.
2. A few militants are killed but the majority are
civilians.
31. The attacks are illegal, inhumane, violate the UN Charter
on Human Rights and constitute a war crime.
32. US is involved in an armed conflict with Al -Qaeda, the Taliban
and their affiliates. Use of drone is consistent with self defence
under International Law.
33. 1. Civilian massacres
2. Bombing of civilian targets
3. Terrorism
4. Use of torture
5. Murder of PWs
34. During US invasion of Afghanistan December 2001. Between
250 and 3000 Taliban prisoners in transit were shot and/or
suffocated to death in metal truck containers.
35. 1. White phosphorus use
2. Allegations of beatings, electrocution, mock
executions and sexual assault.
36. Use of depleted Uranium and white phosphorus by the US
military blamed for birth defects and cancers in the Iraqi city of
Fallujah.
37. Killing of two Indian soldiers of 13 RAJ RIF on 8 January 2013 in
Mendhar area of Poonch in J&K. Two soldiers were killed and
their bodies found mutilated, with one decapitated.
The incident was viewed as an additional element of atrocity. It
was described by Indian media as barbaric and inhuman
mutilation of the corpses and as ghastly and dastardly act.
38. Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse
Mukaradeeb wedding party massacre
Planting weapons on non combatants and unarmed Iraqis after
killing them
Black Water Baghdad shootings.
40. 1. NATO 5.56 cartridge
2. Agent defeated weapons of US
41. Designed to target and destroy stock fields of chemicals or
biological weapons without dispersing or releasing them
to surrounding areas.
The bullet is capable of impact at high velocity and yaws
in tissue, fragmenting can result in dramatic wounding
effects.
42. A codification of existing rules of customary international
law on warfare. It introduced a ban on reprisals against
civilians.
Articles 35 to 42
43. Only part of this Protocol that deals with methods and
means is Article 4.
44. The detention and torture of school children who spray-
painted anti government graffiti in a Southern City.
45. 1. Large , homemade incendiary devices in the form of barrel
bombs.
2. Protestors gunned down.
3. Beheadings and sectarian killings.
4. Killing of 11,000 detainees by Syrian authorities.
46. India is not a signatory to AP I and AP II.
Acceptance of IHL instrument not to be used as a tool of
political bargain.
47. Instruments to which India is not a Signatory
AP I, 1977
AP I, Declaration Art 90
AP II, 1977
ICC Statute, 1998
Hague Port, 1999
Mine Ban Convention, 1997
48. AP-I, Art 56, 2(a)
The special protection against attack provided by
Paragraph 1 shall cease-
a) For a dam or dyke only if it is used for others than its
normal function and in regular significant and direct
support of military operations and if such attack is the
only feasible way to terminate such support.
49. Use of subjective words-
1. How does one define normal, regular, significant and
direct.
2. ‘Only feasible way’
50. Lack of clarity-
1. No rules have been formed so far
2. What is the threshold level to declare an area as
‘disturbed’ or ‘dangerous’
3. Absence of clearly articulated rules of engagement:
a) To avoid or minimize the collateral damage by
b) use of automatic weapons
51. New means and new methods of warfare would require
constant scrutiny from IHL prism to avoid and minimize
incidental harm to civilians and civilian objects