The document discusses key concepts related to process management in operating systems. It describes that an OS executes programs as processes, which can be in various states like running, waiting, ready etc. It also explains process control blocks that contain details of a process like state, registers, scheduling info etc. The document discusses process scheduling and synchronization techniques used by the OS to share CPU and other resources between multiple processes. It describes mechanisms for process creation, termination and interprocess communication using shared memory and message passing.
This document provides an introduction to operating systems. It discusses what an operating system is, its key functions such as process management, memory management, file management, device management, and security. It describes the evolution of operating systems from early batch systems to modern multiprogramming, time-sharing, and distributed systems. Popular types of operating systems are also outlined, including desktop, server, mobile, and embedded operating systems. Key topics like kernels, system calls, computer architecture, and user interfaces are summarized as well.
L-1 BCE computer fundamentals final kirti.pptKirti Verma
The document defines a computer and describes its key advantages such as speed, accuracy, storage capability, diligence, and versatility. It then discusses some disadvantages like lack of intelligence, dependency on humans, and lack of feelings. The document also provides overviews of several topics related to computing including e-business, bioinformatics, healthcare applications, remote sensing, geographic information systems, meteorology/climatology, and computer gaming. Finally, it describes the fundamental components of a computer including the CPU, memory subsystem, I/O subsystem, and how they are connected via buses. It provides details on registers, instruction format, and the instruction cycle.
C++ has several built-in data types that determine how data is stored and operated on in a program. These include integer types like int for whole numbers, floating point types like float and double for decimal numbers, character type char for single characters, and string type for arrays of characters. C++ also allows user-defined data types for structured data through the use of classes, structures, unions and enumerations.
Prof. Kirti Verma is a professor in the Computer Science and Engineering department at LNCT University in Bhopal, India. The document provides the name and department of Prof. Kirti Verma at LNCT University in Bhopal.
The document discusses algorithms and flowcharts. It defines an algorithm as an ordered sequence of steps to solve a problem and notes that algorithms go through problem solving and implementation phases. Pseudocode is used to develop algorithms, which are then represented visually using flowcharts. The document outlines common flowchart symbols and provides examples of algorithms and corresponding flowcharts to calculate grades, convert between units of length, and calculate an area. It also discusses complexity analysis of algorithms in terms of time and space.
The document discusses several programming paradigms including imperative, object-oriented, and declarative paradigms. Imperative programming uses procedures and functions to manipulate data, exemplified by languages like C and Pascal. Object-oriented programming revolves around objects and classes, promoting concepts like inheritance and encapsulation in languages such as Java and C++. Declarative programming treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions, emphasizing immutability and pure functions in languages like Haskell and Lisp. The document also outlines the six phases of the program development life cycle: problem definition, problem analysis, algorithm development, coding and documentation, testing and debugging, and maintenance.
This document provides an overview of computer networks. It begins by defining a computer network as interconnecting two or more computer systems or peripheral devices to enable communication and sharing of resources. The key components of a network are identified as computers, cables, network interface cards, connecting devices, networking operating systems, and protocol suites. Advantages of networking include sharing hardware and software, increasing productivity through file sharing, backups, cost effectiveness, and saving time. Disadvantages include high installation costs, required administration time, single point of failure risk, cable faults interrupting connectivity, and security risks from hackers that require firewalls and antivirus software. The document discusses peer-to-peer and client-server network architectures and covers switching techniques like circuit
The document discusses key concepts related to process management in operating systems. It describes that an OS executes programs as processes, which can be in various states like running, waiting, ready etc. It also explains process control blocks that contain details of a process like state, registers, scheduling info etc. The document discusses process scheduling and synchronization techniques used by the OS to share CPU and other resources between multiple processes. It describes mechanisms for process creation, termination and interprocess communication using shared memory and message passing.
This document provides an introduction to operating systems. It discusses what an operating system is, its key functions such as process management, memory management, file management, device management, and security. It describes the evolution of operating systems from early batch systems to modern multiprogramming, time-sharing, and distributed systems. Popular types of operating systems are also outlined, including desktop, server, mobile, and embedded operating systems. Key topics like kernels, system calls, computer architecture, and user interfaces are summarized as well.
L-1 BCE computer fundamentals final kirti.pptKirti Verma
The document defines a computer and describes its key advantages such as speed, accuracy, storage capability, diligence, and versatility. It then discusses some disadvantages like lack of intelligence, dependency on humans, and lack of feelings. The document also provides overviews of several topics related to computing including e-business, bioinformatics, healthcare applications, remote sensing, geographic information systems, meteorology/climatology, and computer gaming. Finally, it describes the fundamental components of a computer including the CPU, memory subsystem, I/O subsystem, and how they are connected via buses. It provides details on registers, instruction format, and the instruction cycle.
C++ has several built-in data types that determine how data is stored and operated on in a program. These include integer types like int for whole numbers, floating point types like float and double for decimal numbers, character type char for single characters, and string type for arrays of characters. C++ also allows user-defined data types for structured data through the use of classes, structures, unions and enumerations.
Prof. Kirti Verma is a professor in the Computer Science and Engineering department at LNCT University in Bhopal, India. The document provides the name and department of Prof. Kirti Verma at LNCT University in Bhopal.
The document discusses algorithms and flowcharts. It defines an algorithm as an ordered sequence of steps to solve a problem and notes that algorithms go through problem solving and implementation phases. Pseudocode is used to develop algorithms, which are then represented visually using flowcharts. The document outlines common flowchart symbols and provides examples of algorithms and corresponding flowcharts to calculate grades, convert between units of length, and calculate an area. It also discusses complexity analysis of algorithms in terms of time and space.
The document discusses several programming paradigms including imperative, object-oriented, and declarative paradigms. Imperative programming uses procedures and functions to manipulate data, exemplified by languages like C and Pascal. Object-oriented programming revolves around objects and classes, promoting concepts like inheritance and encapsulation in languages such as Java and C++. Declarative programming treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions, emphasizing immutability and pure functions in languages like Haskell and Lisp. The document also outlines the six phases of the program development life cycle: problem definition, problem analysis, algorithm development, coding and documentation, testing and debugging, and maintenance.
This document provides an overview of computer networks. It begins by defining a computer network as interconnecting two or more computer systems or peripheral devices to enable communication and sharing of resources. The key components of a network are identified as computers, cables, network interface cards, connecting devices, networking operating systems, and protocol suites. Advantages of networking include sharing hardware and software, increasing productivity through file sharing, backups, cost effectiveness, and saving time. Disadvantages include high installation costs, required administration time, single point of failure risk, cable faults interrupting connectivity, and security risks from hackers that require firewalls and antivirus software. The document discusses peer-to-peer and client-server network architectures and covers switching techniques like circuit
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help regulate emotions and stress levels.
Computer security involves protecting computing systems and data from theft or damage. It ensures confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. Common computer security threats include unauthorized access, hackers, viruses, and social engineering. Antivirus software, firewalls, and keeping systems updated help enhance security. Laws also aim to prevent cybercrimes like privacy violations, identity theft, and electronic funds transfer fraud. Overall computer security requires technical safeguards and vigilance from users.
NumPy is a Python library that provides multidimensional arrays and matrices for numerical computing along with high-level mathematical functions to operate on these arrays. NumPy arrays can represent vectors, matrices, images, and tensors. NumPy allows fast numerical computing by taking advantage of optimized low-level C/C++ implementations and parallel computing on multicore processors. Common operations like element-wise array arithmetic and universal functions are much faster with NumPy than with native Python.
L 2 Introduction to Data science final kirti.pptxKirti Verma
The document appears to be a presentation by Kirti Verma, who holds the positions of AP and CSE at LNCTE. The presentation does not provide any other details about its content or purpose within the given text.
Pandas Dataframe reading data Kirti final.pptxKirti Verma
Pandas is a Python library used for data manipulation and analysis. It provides data structures like Series and DataFrames that make working with structured data easy. A DataFrame is a two-dimensional data structure that can store data of different types in columns. DataFrames can be created from dictionaries, lists, CSV files, JSON files and other sources. They allow indexing, selecting, adding and deleting of rows and columns. Pandas provides useful methods for data cleaning, manipulation and analysis tasks on DataFrames.
L 8 introduction to machine learning final kirti.pptxKirti Verma
Machine learning is the study of algorithms that improve performance on tasks based on experience. There are different types of machine learning including supervised learning (classification and regression), unsupervised learning (clustering), and reinforcement learning. Machine learning has many applications such as autonomous vehicles, speech recognition, computer vision, and bioinformatics. Deep learning is a new area of machine learning using neural networks that has achieved state-of-the-art results in areas like speech recognition and computer vision.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of serotonin and endorphins which elevate mood and may help prevent mental illness.
This document discusses machine learning tasks, techniques, and performance metrics. It describes two main types of machine learning tasks: predictive tasks which predict unknown future values, and descriptive tasks which find patterns in past data. It outlines techniques for classification, clustering, association rule discovery, sequential pattern discovery, and regression. The document also defines common performance metrics for machine learning like accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and the receiver operating characteristic curve. It provides a confusion matrix to define true positives, false positives, true negatives, and false negatives.
Introduction to python history and platformsKirti Verma
This document provides an introduction to Python and discusses popular tools used in data science, the evolution of Python, advantages of using Python, coding environments including Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) like PyCharm, Jupyter Notebook, and Spyder. It describes features of these IDEs and how they can be used for coding, debugging, and data analysis in Python.
Informed Search Techniques new kirti L 8.pptxKirti Verma
This document discusses various informed search techniques, including generate-and-test, hill climbing, best-first search, A* algorithm, and AO* algorithm. It provides details on the algorithms of hill climbing (simple, steepest-ascent, stochastic), best-first search, A*, and AO*, including their steps, advantages, and disadvantages. Examples are given to illustrate the workings of best-first search and A* on problems. The key differences between A* and AO* are that AO* may not find an optimal solution but uses less memory than A* and cannot get stuck in loops.
Production systems are computer programs that use rules to provide artificial intelligence. A production system consists of a set of condition-action rules, one or more knowledge databases, a rule applier that implements the control strategy, and a mechanism for resolving conflicts. There are several types of production systems including monotonic, partially commutative, non-monotonic, and commutative systems which differ in how rule application can affect later rule applications and the importance of rule application order. Monotonic systems never prevent later rule applications while non-monotonic systems can change direction as the knowledge base increases.
Breath first Search and Depth first searchKirti Verma
The document discusses graph traversal algorithms depth-first search (DFS) and breadth-first search (BFS). DFS uses a stack and traverses deeper nodes before shallower ones, outputting different traversal orders depending on the starting node. BFS uses a queue and traverses all neighbors of a node before moving to the next level, always outputting the same traversal order. Examples are given of applying DFS and BFS to a sample graph. Applications of the algorithms include computing distances, checking for cycles, and determining reachability between nodes.
The document provides an overview of the Python programming language. It outlines the presentation which includes topics like Python overview, data types, control structures, input/output, functions, file handling, exceptions, modules, classes, examples comparing Python and Java, and useful tools. It then delves into more details on each of these topics, providing information on Python's history, versions, features, syntax, variables, statements, indentation and data types. It also discusses who uses Python and for what purposes.
Computer Fundamentals Input and Output devicesKirti Verma
Peripheral devices that allow communication between the computer and outside world are called input/output devices. Input devices supply data and programs to the computer and include keyboards, mice, scanners, microphones. Output devices allow the computer to communicate information to users and include printers, monitors, speakers. Common input devices described are keyboards, mice, scanners, microphones. Common output devices described are printers, monitors, and speakers.
#Data communication #transmission medias
Here is a presentation about transmission medias used in Data communication.
for such more presentation kindly visit my profile and youtube channel TECHISEASY
#network devices #computer network
hi guys,
here is a presentation about network devices.
for more computer network ppt , refer my profile.
you can also visit my YouTube channel TECHISEASY for videos on this topic.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help regulate emotions and stress levels.
Computer security involves protecting computing systems and data from theft or damage. It ensures confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. Common computer security threats include unauthorized access, hackers, viruses, and social engineering. Antivirus software, firewalls, and keeping systems updated help enhance security. Laws also aim to prevent cybercrimes like privacy violations, identity theft, and electronic funds transfer fraud. Overall computer security requires technical safeguards and vigilance from users.
NumPy is a Python library that provides multidimensional arrays and matrices for numerical computing along with high-level mathematical functions to operate on these arrays. NumPy arrays can represent vectors, matrices, images, and tensors. NumPy allows fast numerical computing by taking advantage of optimized low-level C/C++ implementations and parallel computing on multicore processors. Common operations like element-wise array arithmetic and universal functions are much faster with NumPy than with native Python.
L 2 Introduction to Data science final kirti.pptxKirti Verma
The document appears to be a presentation by Kirti Verma, who holds the positions of AP and CSE at LNCTE. The presentation does not provide any other details about its content or purpose within the given text.
Pandas Dataframe reading data Kirti final.pptxKirti Verma
Pandas is a Python library used for data manipulation and analysis. It provides data structures like Series and DataFrames that make working with structured data easy. A DataFrame is a two-dimensional data structure that can store data of different types in columns. DataFrames can be created from dictionaries, lists, CSV files, JSON files and other sources. They allow indexing, selecting, adding and deleting of rows and columns. Pandas provides useful methods for data cleaning, manipulation and analysis tasks on DataFrames.
L 8 introduction to machine learning final kirti.pptxKirti Verma
Machine learning is the study of algorithms that improve performance on tasks based on experience. There are different types of machine learning including supervised learning (classification and regression), unsupervised learning (clustering), and reinforcement learning. Machine learning has many applications such as autonomous vehicles, speech recognition, computer vision, and bioinformatics. Deep learning is a new area of machine learning using neural networks that has achieved state-of-the-art results in areas like speech recognition and computer vision.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of serotonin and endorphins which elevate mood and may help prevent mental illness.
This document discusses machine learning tasks, techniques, and performance metrics. It describes two main types of machine learning tasks: predictive tasks which predict unknown future values, and descriptive tasks which find patterns in past data. It outlines techniques for classification, clustering, association rule discovery, sequential pattern discovery, and regression. The document also defines common performance metrics for machine learning like accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and the receiver operating characteristic curve. It provides a confusion matrix to define true positives, false positives, true negatives, and false negatives.
Introduction to python history and platformsKirti Verma
This document provides an introduction to Python and discusses popular tools used in data science, the evolution of Python, advantages of using Python, coding environments including Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) like PyCharm, Jupyter Notebook, and Spyder. It describes features of these IDEs and how they can be used for coding, debugging, and data analysis in Python.
Informed Search Techniques new kirti L 8.pptxKirti Verma
This document discusses various informed search techniques, including generate-and-test, hill climbing, best-first search, A* algorithm, and AO* algorithm. It provides details on the algorithms of hill climbing (simple, steepest-ascent, stochastic), best-first search, A*, and AO*, including their steps, advantages, and disadvantages. Examples are given to illustrate the workings of best-first search and A* on problems. The key differences between A* and AO* are that AO* may not find an optimal solution but uses less memory than A* and cannot get stuck in loops.
Production systems are computer programs that use rules to provide artificial intelligence. A production system consists of a set of condition-action rules, one or more knowledge databases, a rule applier that implements the control strategy, and a mechanism for resolving conflicts. There are several types of production systems including monotonic, partially commutative, non-monotonic, and commutative systems which differ in how rule application can affect later rule applications and the importance of rule application order. Monotonic systems never prevent later rule applications while non-monotonic systems can change direction as the knowledge base increases.
Breath first Search and Depth first searchKirti Verma
The document discusses graph traversal algorithms depth-first search (DFS) and breadth-first search (BFS). DFS uses a stack and traverses deeper nodes before shallower ones, outputting different traversal orders depending on the starting node. BFS uses a queue and traverses all neighbors of a node before moving to the next level, always outputting the same traversal order. Examples are given of applying DFS and BFS to a sample graph. Applications of the algorithms include computing distances, checking for cycles, and determining reachability between nodes.
The document provides an overview of the Python programming language. It outlines the presentation which includes topics like Python overview, data types, control structures, input/output, functions, file handling, exceptions, modules, classes, examples comparing Python and Java, and useful tools. It then delves into more details on each of these topics, providing information on Python's history, versions, features, syntax, variables, statements, indentation and data types. It also discusses who uses Python and for what purposes.
Computer Fundamentals Input and Output devicesKirti Verma
Peripheral devices that allow communication between the computer and outside world are called input/output devices. Input devices supply data and programs to the computer and include keyboards, mice, scanners, microphones. Output devices allow the computer to communicate information to users and include printers, monitors, speakers. Common input devices described are keyboards, mice, scanners, microphones. Common output devices described are printers, monitors, and speakers.
#Data communication #transmission medias
Here is a presentation about transmission medias used in Data communication.
for such more presentation kindly visit my profile and youtube channel TECHISEASY
#network devices #computer network
hi guys,
here is a presentation about network devices.
for more computer network ppt , refer my profile.
you can also visit my YouTube channel TECHISEASY for videos on this topic.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1