The last sermon of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), also known as the Farewell Sermon or Khutbah al-Wada', is a significant and profound address delivered by Prophet Muhammad during his farewell pilgrimage in the year 632 CE. This sermon is considered a comprehensive guide for Muslims, encapsulating key principles of Islam and providing ethical and moral guidance for individuals and the community.
The sermon took place at Mount Arafat, near Mecca, where thousands of Muslims had gathered for the pilgrimage. In his address, Prophet Muhammad emphasized the fundamental equality of all Muslims, irrespective of their race or ethnicity, and stressed the importance of unity within the Muslim community.
Some key themes and messages from the Farewell Sermon include:
Unity and Equality: The Prophet highlighted the unity of the Muslim community, emphasizing that all believers are brothers and sisters. He declared that no Arab is superior to a non-Arab and no non-Arab is superior to an Arab. Similarly, he emphasized the equality of all races and tribes.
Human Rights: Prophet Muhammad emphasized the sanctity of human life and property, stating that every Muslim's life and property are sacred to one another. He urged Muslims to treat each other with kindness and respect, ensuring the protection of their rights.
Social Justice: The Prophet addressed economic issues, forbidding usury and emphasizing fair treatment in business transactions. He stressed the importance of social justice and warned against oppression and exploitation.
Women's Rights: The sermon underscored the rights of women, emphasizing the need for their protection and fair treatment. The Prophet reminded the community to be mindful of the rights of wives and to treat them with kindness and equity.
Guidance on Worship: Prophet Muhammad also provided guidance on religious practices, reminding the audience of the importance of prayer, charity, and other aspects of Islamic worship. He emphasized the significance of following the teachings of Islam.
The Farewell Sermon is considered a summation of the core principles of Islam and serves as a timeless guide for Muslims in matters of faith, ethics, and social justice. It is preserved in various historical accounts and remains a source of inspiration for Muslims worldwide.
2. Also name as:
• Muhammad’s Final
sermon.
• Muhammad’s Last
sermon.
• Farewell Speech.
• Khutbat ul Wada.
3. Introduction
Prophet Muhammad PBUH delivered his last sermon on the
9th of Zil-Hajj (12th / Last month of Islamic Calendar) (623AD),
10 years after the migration from Makkah to Madinah, in the
Uranah valley of mount Arafat, being speaking quite clear and
concise and directed to entire humanity.
4. Important Teachings of the Sermon:
The last sermon of Prophet PBUH was quite long containing
guidance and instructions on many issues with the powerful and
intense messages.
After praising and thanking Allah, he PBUH said,
"O People lend me an attentive ear, for I know not
whether after this year, I shall ever be amongst you
again. Therefore, listen to what I am saying to you very
carefully and TAKE THESE WORDS TO THOSE WHO
COULD NOT BE PRESENT HERE TODAY."
5. His PBUH Last Sermon's Major Important
Teachings include:
All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-
Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab; also a white has no
superiority over a black, nor a black has any superiority over a white-
except by piety and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother to
every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood. Nothing
shall be legitimate to a Muslim, which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it
was given freely and willingly. Do not therefor, do injustice to yourselves.
6. His PBUH Last Sermon's Major Important
Teachings include:
2 Rights of Property Protection
"O People Just as you regard this month, this day, this city as sacred, so
regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return the
goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners."
3 Rights to Life
"Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you"
7. His PBUH Last Sermon's Major Important
Teachings include:
The Prophet reminded all Muslims to treat their wives gently and said,
"Be intimately conscious of God as regards women and strive to be
good to them."
4 Women Rights
8. His PBUH Last Sermon's Major Important
Teachings include:
"Do not therefore do injustice to yourselves. Remember one day you
will meet Allah and answer your deeds. So beware, do not astray from
the path of righteousness after I am gone."
9. His PBUH Last Sermon's Major Important
Teachings include:
6 Forbiddance of Usury
"God has forbidden you to take usury (interest), therefore all interest
obligation shall henceforth be waived. Your capital, however, is yours to
keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequity."
10. His PBUH Last Sermon's Major Important
Teachings include:
7 Fundamentals of Islam
O People listen to me in earnest, worship God, perform your
five daily prayers, fast during the month of Ramadan, and
offer Zakat. Perform Hajj if you have the means.
11. His PBUH Last Sermon's Major Important
Teachings include:
"O People, no prophet or apostle will come after me, and no new faith
will be born. Reason well, therefore, O people, and understand words
which I convey to you. I leave behind me two things, the Quran and my
example, the Sunnah, and if you follow these you will never go astray."
