In recent years, advanced composite materials are switching to a large number of components for its ease of manufacturing, low maintenance, high strength and light weight. A continuous need was observed in many industries to develop high-strength lightweight materials with excellent performance and efficiency in a variety of applications. It was observed that during machining of composites, difficulties were encountered such as higher cutting force, surface roughness and rapid tool wear. As a result, the need for precise machining of composites has increased enormously. The objective of the present work is to evaluate the cutting force and surface roughness of metal powder (SiC and Al2O3) filled glass epoxy composites. Workpiece has been fabricated using moulding technique. Machining of reinforced polymer short glassepoxy composite with filler particles are compared with those of unfilled glass-epoxy composite. Turning experiments were performed on glass-epoxy composite under the influence of SiC and Al2O3 filler metal powder particles and investigated under varying cutting speed, feed-rate and depth-of-cut onconventional Lathe machine.The present research work is expected to extend the scope of short E-glass epoxy composites with filler particles in machining process. Turning experiments were compared with unfilled glass epoxy composites under the same cutting parameters.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SIC AL2O3FILLED GLASS EPOXY COMPOSITESIAEME Publication
In the present study, glass-epoxy based composites were fabricated by filling with nano size SiC and Al2O3 filler particles. The hand lay-up approach was used for fabrication of random oriented short E-glass fibre reinforced epoxy composites filled with SiC and Al2O3 powder particles. The volume percentage of filler materials in the composites were varied, SiC was varied from 0, 5 and 10%, whereas Al2O3 was kept constant at 5%. Mechanical characterization were studied effectively. The filled and unfilled SiC and Al2O3particles, were tested for micro-hardness, tensile strength, and flexural strength in according with ASTM standards. It was observed from the studies that using particles as fillers improved the mechanical properties of the E-glass fibre substantially.
Synthesis And Characterization of Aluminum –Silicon-Fly Ash Composite By Stir...IRJESJOURNAL
Abstract :- In this work aluminium 7075 as matrix and silicon carbide and fly ash as reinforcements has been used. The %wt of reinforcement are varied to study the difference in aluminium property. Following are the samples are aluminium 7075 as 100%, aluminium 7075 90% + 10% SiC, and aluminium 7075 90% + 10% fly ash. The materials are obtained by stir casting technique. During casting 300 grams of aluminium has been taken as sample 1. 270grams of aluminium has been taken with 30grams of SiC as sample 2. The third sample is the mixture of 270grams of aluminium with 30grams of fly ash. Then the materials are made in the form of cylindrical rod of 30mm diameter and max length of 70mm. The composites are analysed for the mechanical study and the results are obtained based on hardness and the work has been extended to study the micro structure of the specimen by SEM analysis and Chemical Conformation.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Studies On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Flyash Reinforced Al20...dbpublications
The aim is to study the mechanical property and Tribological behavior of Al2024/flyash composite with various weight fractions (3%, 6%, 9%) were prepared by squeeze casting method. The average particle size of flyash is 45-50 μm. In addition, Al2024 alloys were cast for comparison purposes. Microstructure, hardness and tensile properties of these composites were evaluated and compared with as-cast alloy and the composites. In addition, tribological properties of these composites were evaluated using a Pin-on-Disc apparatus with different parameters of varying loads of 10N and 50N and(with constant parameters such as time of 10 minutes, sliding velocity of 3 m/s, track diameter of 150mm).The microstructure of the composites shows homogenous distribution of flyash particles in the Al matrix composite. The wear and mechanical properties of composites improve with increasing the weight fraction of flyash. The aim of present study is to evaluate the effect of microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of aluminium alloy Al2024/flyash metal matrix composites
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SIC AL2O3FILLED GLASS EPOXY COMPOSITESIAEME Publication
In the present study, glass-epoxy based composites were fabricated by filling with nano size SiC and Al2O3 filler particles. The hand lay-up approach was used for fabrication of random oriented short E-glass fibre reinforced epoxy composites filled with SiC and Al2O3 powder particles. The volume percentage of filler materials in the composites were varied, SiC was varied from 0, 5 and 10%, whereas Al2O3 was kept constant at 5%. Mechanical characterization were studied effectively. The filled and unfilled SiC and Al2O3particles, were tested for micro-hardness, tensile strength, and flexural strength in according with ASTM standards. It was observed from the studies that using particles as fillers improved the mechanical properties of the E-glass fibre substantially.
Synthesis And Characterization of Aluminum –Silicon-Fly Ash Composite By Stir...IRJESJOURNAL
Abstract :- In this work aluminium 7075 as matrix and silicon carbide and fly ash as reinforcements has been used. The %wt of reinforcement are varied to study the difference in aluminium property. Following are the samples are aluminium 7075 as 100%, aluminium 7075 90% + 10% SiC, and aluminium 7075 90% + 10% fly ash. The materials are obtained by stir casting technique. During casting 300 grams of aluminium has been taken as sample 1. 270grams of aluminium has been taken with 30grams of SiC as sample 2. The third sample is the mixture of 270grams of aluminium with 30grams of fly ash. Then the materials are made in the form of cylindrical rod of 30mm diameter and max length of 70mm. The composites are analysed for the mechanical study and the results are obtained based on hardness and the work has been extended to study the micro structure of the specimen by SEM analysis and Chemical Conformation.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Studies On Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Flyash Reinforced Al20...dbpublications
The aim is to study the mechanical property and Tribological behavior of Al2024/flyash composite with various weight fractions (3%, 6%, 9%) were prepared by squeeze casting method. The average particle size of flyash is 45-50 μm. In addition, Al2024 alloys were cast for comparison purposes. Microstructure, hardness and tensile properties of these composites were evaluated and compared with as-cast alloy and the composites. In addition, tribological properties of these composites were evaluated using a Pin-on-Disc apparatus with different parameters of varying loads of 10N and 50N and(with constant parameters such as time of 10 minutes, sliding velocity of 3 m/s, track diameter of 150mm).The microstructure of the composites shows homogenous distribution of flyash particles in the Al matrix composite. The wear and mechanical properties of composites improve with increasing the weight fraction of flyash. The aim of present study is to evaluate the effect of microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of aluminium alloy Al2024/flyash metal matrix composites
Development of WC-Feal Composite by Stir Casting MethodDr. Amarjeet Singh
In this paper author make an effort to develop a new
material for fulfill the need of present requirement. This
material is developed by the using of stir casting method. A
AMMC’s composite are developed to fulfill the need of present
requirements. This composite material is prepared by the use
of 3 metals. These metals are iron (Fe), aluminum (Al) and
tungsten carbide (WC).Thus this composite come under metal
matrix composite. This composite is WC – FeAl composite.
This is prepared by the use of stir casting method. The base
metals are iron and aluminum. These are having equal
quantity by weight. In this the sample is prepared by the
change the of percentage reinforcement. This is varying from
0 to 3%. A test is conduct to check their tensile strength as
well as compressive strength. By these test it is confirm that
with the increase the percentage of reinforcement in the
composite their tensile strength is decrease but their
compressive strength is increase.
Study and Analysis on Mechanical and Wear Behavior of SiC Filled Epoxy Compositepaperpublications3
Abstract: Silicon carbide possesses ample reinforcing potential to be used as a filler material in polymer matrix composites. Successful fabrication of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with silicon carbide particles is possible by simple hand-lay-up technique. These composites possess very low amount of porosity and improved micro-hardness, also it provide slightly superior tensile, flexural and inter-laminar shear strengths than those of the neat epoxy. This study reveals that silicon carbide possesses good filler characteristics as it improves the sliding wear resistance of the polymeric resin. Dry sliding wear characteristics of these composites have been gainfully analysed using a design-of-experiment approach based on Taguchi method. The analysis of experimental results shows that factors like filler content, sliding velocity and normal load, in this sequence, are identified as the significant factors affecting the specific wear rate of the composites under investigation. The silicon carbide-epoxy composites fabricated and experimented upon in this investigation are found to have adequate potential for a wide variety of applications particularly in wear prone environment. When wear is not the predominant degrading factor, epoxy without silicon carbide can be recommended. However, the weight fraction of filler in the composite is to be decided from the view point of required strength. If the place of use is hostile with sliding wear situations, then silicon carbide epoxy composites are to be preferred due to their fairly good wear resistance. Use of these composites may be suggested in applications like engineering structures in dusty environment and low cost building materials in desert.
Strength of Concrete Structure Partial Replacement of Sand by Copper Slagijtsrd
The main measure of the structural quality of concrete is its compressive strength. This property of concrete is commonly considered in structural design. Depending on the mix and time and quality of the curing, the compressive strength of concrete can be obtained up to 95 MPa or more. Commercial production of concrete with ordinarily aggregate is usually in the 20 to 80 MPa range with the most common ranges for cast in place buildings from 20 to 40 Mpa. On the other hand, precast and pre stressed applications often expect the strengths of 25 55 MPa. Although concrete is not normally designed to resist direct tension, the knowledge of tensile strength is used to estimate the load under which cracking will develop. This is imputable to its influence on the formation of cracks and its propagation to the tension side of the reinforced concrete flexural member. Shear, torsion, and other actions also produce tensile stresses to the particular section of concrete members. In most cases, member behavior changes upon cracking. So the tension strength of concrete is also considered in the proportioning concrete member. This strength is of interest in designing of highway and airfield slabs as shear strength and resistance to cracking are very important to sustain such loading. The tensile strength of concrete is relatively low, about 10 to 15 of the compressive, occasionally 20 . Priyatam Kumar | H. L. Yadav "Strength of Concrete Structure Partial Replacement of Sand by Copper Slag" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26694.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/26694/strength-of-concrete-structure-partial-replacement-of-sand-by-copper-slag/priyatam-kumar
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF HYBRID COMPOSITE SPRINGS IAEME Publication
The automobile industry has shown increased interest in the replacement of steel spring with composite leaf spring due to high strength to weight ratio. This work deals with the replacement of steel spring with hybrid composite springs. Five different types of spring were manufactured using Epoxy, Glass fibre, and Silk with constant cross section varying volume fraction. (40 Epoxy:45 E-Glass:15 Silk, 40 Epoxy:30 E-Glass:30 Silk, 40 Epoxy:15 E-Glass:45 Silk,50 Epoxy:50E-Glass, 50 Epoxy:50 Silk fibre ). Mechanical tests are carried out to assess the credibility of the designed leaf blades.
STUDY ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF CHOPPED CARBON FIBER...IAEME Publication
As compared to conventional concrete the benefits of SCC comprising more strength like non SCC, may be higher due to better compaction, similar tensile strength like non SCC, modulus of elasticity may be slightly lower because of higher paste, slightly higher creep due to paste, shrinkage as normal concrete, better bond strength, fire resistance similar as non SCC, durability better for better surface concrete. Incorporation of fibers further enhances its properties specially related to post crack behavior of SCC. The fibers used in the study are 12 mm long chopped glass fiber and carbon fiber. The volume fraction of fiber taken is 0%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%. The project comprised of two stages.
Modeling and Characterization of Metal Matrix Composite Aluminum Graphite Com...ijtsrd
The emergence of metal matrix composites is partly a consequence of an improved understanding of their potentials and limitations based on their science of process, principles of physical metallurgy and interfacial chemistry. They can be produced by conventional casting techniques. The reinforcing material such as particulates of graphite can be added into the melt of any metal during its stirring. The resultant mixture is then cast into a permanent mould. This technique was used to produce aluminum graphite composite containing different percentage concentrations of graphite ranging from zero to twenty 0 20 wt . To solve the problem of making the molten aluminum alloy wetting the graphite, a special chemical activation was carried out. The accent is on mechanical performance, describing how the presence of reinforcement in a metallic matrix influences its mechanical and physical properties. This composite shows a decrease in wear rate due to the presence of graphite fiber in the composite. Nwosu Moses C | Ettah B. O | Eze S. K | Okolie G. C "Modeling and Characterization of Metal Matrix Composite: Aluminum-Graphite Composite" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/33412/modeling-and-characterization-of-metal-matrix-composite-aluminumgraphite-composite/nwosu-moses-c
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Experimental Investigation on Properties of Concrete using Styrene Butadiene ...ijtsrd
The use of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Latex in concrete as a construction material in structural applications has drastically increased in recent years. Polymer concrete possesses excellent strength and durability properties. An exhaustive literature survey has been carried out looking into the advantages of polymer modified concrete, so as to study its uses and effect on various properties of concrete. Here, an attempt has been made to present a review on polymer modified concrete and its application to concrete structure. Bharti Pawar | Afzal Khan "Experimental Investigation on Properties of Concrete using Styrene Butadiene Rubber Latex in Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52624.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/52624/experimental-investigation-on-properties-of-concrete-using-styrene-butadiene-rubber-latex-in-concrete/bharti-pawar
An Overview on Different Processing Parameters in Particulate Reinforced Meta...IJERA Editor
In the past few years the global need for reduced weight, low cost, high wear resistance and good quality materials has caused a shift in research from monolithic to composite materials. Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) have evoked a keen interest in recent times for potential applications in marine, aerospace and automotive industries owing to their superior strength to weight ratio and high temperature resistance. Driving force for the utilization of AMCs include performance, economic and environmental benefits. The widespread adoption of particulate metal matrix composites for engineering applications has been hindered by the high cost of producing components. Achieving a uniform distribution of reinforcement within the matrix is one such challenge which impacts directly on the properties and quality of the composite material. In the case of particle reinforced metal matrix composites, the distribution of the reinforcement particles in the matrix alloy is influenced by several factors during casting. These include the rheological behaviour of the matrix melt, the particle incorporation method, interactions of the particles and the matrix before, during and after mixing, and the changing particle distribution during solidification. In this paper, research relevant to these factors which influences the particle distribution is reviewed and discussed in order to achieve a good distribution of reinforcement particles in a cast metal matrix composite (MMC).
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
Contenu connexe
Similaire à MACHINABILITY OF SiC AND AL2O3 PARTICLES FILLED SHORT GLASS FIBER REINFORCED EPOXY BASED COMPOSITES BY TURNING
Development of WC-Feal Composite by Stir Casting MethodDr. Amarjeet Singh
In this paper author make an effort to develop a new
material for fulfill the need of present requirement. This
material is developed by the using of stir casting method. A
AMMC’s composite are developed to fulfill the need of present
requirements. This composite material is prepared by the use
of 3 metals. These metals are iron (Fe), aluminum (Al) and
tungsten carbide (WC).Thus this composite come under metal
matrix composite. This composite is WC – FeAl composite.
This is prepared by the use of stir casting method. The base
metals are iron and aluminum. These are having equal
quantity by weight. In this the sample is prepared by the
change the of percentage reinforcement. This is varying from
0 to 3%. A test is conduct to check their tensile strength as
well as compressive strength. By these test it is confirm that
with the increase the percentage of reinforcement in the
composite their tensile strength is decrease but their
compressive strength is increase.
Study and Analysis on Mechanical and Wear Behavior of SiC Filled Epoxy Compositepaperpublications3
Abstract: Silicon carbide possesses ample reinforcing potential to be used as a filler material in polymer matrix composites. Successful fabrication of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with silicon carbide particles is possible by simple hand-lay-up technique. These composites possess very low amount of porosity and improved micro-hardness, also it provide slightly superior tensile, flexural and inter-laminar shear strengths than those of the neat epoxy. This study reveals that silicon carbide possesses good filler characteristics as it improves the sliding wear resistance of the polymeric resin. Dry sliding wear characteristics of these composites have been gainfully analysed using a design-of-experiment approach based on Taguchi method. The analysis of experimental results shows that factors like filler content, sliding velocity and normal load, in this sequence, are identified as the significant factors affecting the specific wear rate of the composites under investigation. The silicon carbide-epoxy composites fabricated and experimented upon in this investigation are found to have adequate potential for a wide variety of applications particularly in wear prone environment. When wear is not the predominant degrading factor, epoxy without silicon carbide can be recommended. However, the weight fraction of filler in the composite is to be decided from the view point of required strength. If the place of use is hostile with sliding wear situations, then silicon carbide epoxy composites are to be preferred due to their fairly good wear resistance. Use of these composites may be suggested in applications like engineering structures in dusty environment and low cost building materials in desert.
Strength of Concrete Structure Partial Replacement of Sand by Copper Slagijtsrd
The main measure of the structural quality of concrete is its compressive strength. This property of concrete is commonly considered in structural design. Depending on the mix and time and quality of the curing, the compressive strength of concrete can be obtained up to 95 MPa or more. Commercial production of concrete with ordinarily aggregate is usually in the 20 to 80 MPa range with the most common ranges for cast in place buildings from 20 to 40 Mpa. On the other hand, precast and pre stressed applications often expect the strengths of 25 55 MPa. Although concrete is not normally designed to resist direct tension, the knowledge of tensile strength is used to estimate the load under which cracking will develop. This is imputable to its influence on the formation of cracks and its propagation to the tension side of the reinforced concrete flexural member. Shear, torsion, and other actions also produce tensile stresses to the particular section of concrete members. In most cases, member behavior changes upon cracking. So the tension strength of concrete is also considered in the proportioning concrete member. This strength is of interest in designing of highway and airfield slabs as shear strength and resistance to cracking are very important to sustain such loading. The tensile strength of concrete is relatively low, about 10 to 15 of the compressive, occasionally 20 . Priyatam Kumar | H. L. Yadav "Strength of Concrete Structure Partial Replacement of Sand by Copper Slag" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26694.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/26694/strength-of-concrete-structure-partial-replacement-of-sand-by-copper-slag/priyatam-kumar
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF HYBRID COMPOSITE SPRINGS IAEME Publication
The automobile industry has shown increased interest in the replacement of steel spring with composite leaf spring due to high strength to weight ratio. This work deals with the replacement of steel spring with hybrid composite springs. Five different types of spring were manufactured using Epoxy, Glass fibre, and Silk with constant cross section varying volume fraction. (40 Epoxy:45 E-Glass:15 Silk, 40 Epoxy:30 E-Glass:30 Silk, 40 Epoxy:15 E-Glass:45 Silk,50 Epoxy:50E-Glass, 50 Epoxy:50 Silk fibre ). Mechanical tests are carried out to assess the credibility of the designed leaf blades.
STUDY ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF CHOPPED CARBON FIBER...IAEME Publication
As compared to conventional concrete the benefits of SCC comprising more strength like non SCC, may be higher due to better compaction, similar tensile strength like non SCC, modulus of elasticity may be slightly lower because of higher paste, slightly higher creep due to paste, shrinkage as normal concrete, better bond strength, fire resistance similar as non SCC, durability better for better surface concrete. Incorporation of fibers further enhances its properties specially related to post crack behavior of SCC. The fibers used in the study are 12 mm long chopped glass fiber and carbon fiber. The volume fraction of fiber taken is 0%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%. The project comprised of two stages.
Modeling and Characterization of Metal Matrix Composite Aluminum Graphite Com...ijtsrd
The emergence of metal matrix composites is partly a consequence of an improved understanding of their potentials and limitations based on their science of process, principles of physical metallurgy and interfacial chemistry. They can be produced by conventional casting techniques. The reinforcing material such as particulates of graphite can be added into the melt of any metal during its stirring. The resultant mixture is then cast into a permanent mould. This technique was used to produce aluminum graphite composite containing different percentage concentrations of graphite ranging from zero to twenty 0 20 wt . To solve the problem of making the molten aluminum alloy wetting the graphite, a special chemical activation was carried out. The accent is on mechanical performance, describing how the presence of reinforcement in a metallic matrix influences its mechanical and physical properties. This composite shows a decrease in wear rate due to the presence of graphite fiber in the composite. Nwosu Moses C | Ettah B. O | Eze S. K | Okolie G. C "Modeling and Characterization of Metal Matrix Composite: Aluminum-Graphite Composite" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/other/33412/modeling-and-characterization-of-metal-matrix-composite-aluminumgraphite-composite/nwosu-moses-c
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Experimental Investigation on Properties of Concrete using Styrene Butadiene ...ijtsrd
The use of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Latex in concrete as a construction material in structural applications has drastically increased in recent years. Polymer concrete possesses excellent strength and durability properties. An exhaustive literature survey has been carried out looking into the advantages of polymer modified concrete, so as to study its uses and effect on various properties of concrete. Here, an attempt has been made to present a review on polymer modified concrete and its application to concrete structure. Bharti Pawar | Afzal Khan "Experimental Investigation on Properties of Concrete using Styrene Butadiene Rubber Latex in Concrete" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52624.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/52624/experimental-investigation-on-properties-of-concrete-using-styrene-butadiene-rubber-latex-in-concrete/bharti-pawar
An Overview on Different Processing Parameters in Particulate Reinforced Meta...IJERA Editor
In the past few years the global need for reduced weight, low cost, high wear resistance and good quality materials has caused a shift in research from monolithic to composite materials. Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) have evoked a keen interest in recent times for potential applications in marine, aerospace and automotive industries owing to their superior strength to weight ratio and high temperature resistance. Driving force for the utilization of AMCs include performance, economic and environmental benefits. The widespread adoption of particulate metal matrix composites for engineering applications has been hindered by the high cost of producing components. Achieving a uniform distribution of reinforcement within the matrix is one such challenge which impacts directly on the properties and quality of the composite material. In the case of particle reinforced metal matrix composites, the distribution of the reinforcement particles in the matrix alloy is influenced by several factors during casting. These include the rheological behaviour of the matrix melt, the particle incorporation method, interactions of the particles and the matrix before, during and after mixing, and the changing particle distribution during solidification. In this paper, research relevant to these factors which influences the particle distribution is reviewed and discussed in order to achieve a good distribution of reinforcement particles in a cast metal matrix composite (MMC).
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Similaire à MACHINABILITY OF SiC AND AL2O3 PARTICLES FILLED SHORT GLASS FIBER REINFORCED EPOXY BASED COMPOSITES BY TURNING (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR 2024.pptxnikitacareer3
Looking for the best engineering colleges in Jaipur for 2024?
Check out our list of the top 10 B.Tech colleges to help you make the right choice for your future career!
1) MNIT
2) MANIPAL UNIV
3) LNMIIT
4) NIMS UNIV
5) JECRC
6) VIVEKANANDA GLOBAL UNIV
7) BIT JAIPUR
8) APEX UNIV
9) AMITY UNIV.
10) JNU
TO KNOW MORE ABOUT COLLEGES, FEES AND PLACEMENT, WATCH THE FULL VIDEO GIVEN BELOW ON "TOP 10 B TECH COLLEGES IN JAIPUR"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vSNje0MBh7g
VISIT CAREER MANTRA PORTAL TO KNOW MORE ABOUT COLLEGES/UNIVERSITITES in Jaipur:
https://careermantra.net/colleges/3378/Jaipur/b-tech
Get all the information you need to plan your next steps in your medical career with Career Mantra!
https://careermantra.net/
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
2. Machinability of SiC and Al2O3 Particles Filled Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Based
Composites by Turning
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJPTM 33 editor@iaeme.com
1. INTRODUCTION
In the present technological advancement era, the growing demand for economical and sturdier
materials with different accuracies and their applications are increasing. In recent years,
advanced composite materials are switching to a large number of components for its ease of
manufacturing, low maintenance, high strength and light weight.[6] A continuous need was
observed in many industries to develop high-strength lightweight materials with excellent
performance and efficiency in a variety of applications. The use of GFRP reinforced composites
in numerous automotive and aerospace industries, as well as its high performance
characteristics of light weight is of utmost significance. The incorporation of various nanosized
filler particles into polymer glass-epoxy composite will lead to performance improvement in
terms of mechanical properties and tribological features due to the change in wear mechanics.
Machining of fiber reinforced composites have been performed with carbide and HSS
cutting tool under various cutting conditions on Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP), Kevlar
Fiber Reinforced Plastics (KFRP), and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP)[4]. This is due
to their improved engineering qualities in comparison to non-reinforced metals and plastics.
The increased demand in the global market for high-performance products and lightweight
components also contributes to their rapid expansion in applications. When compared to metal
alloys and their metal matrix composites (MMCs) equivalents, FRP composites are known to
be lighter, stronger, stiffer, and have higher corrosion resistance.
In general, in the manufacturing processes, the traditional machining processes used for
metals is different compared to FRP composites. Machining of FRP composites are difficult
when machining with poor machined quality, this is because of the inherent non-homogeneous
microstructure of the composite. Often, mechanical performance of poorly machined FRP
composite exhibit severe wear and permanent failure of cutting tools which result in poor
machinability. Machining of reinforced glass-epoxy composites degrade and exhibit poor
machinability. Further Koeniget. al[17] unacceptable difficulties were encountered during
drilling of aramid fiber reinforced plastics, where high surface roughness of the cut surface was
obtained.
Delamination damage was observed on the cutting tool during machining of FRP composite
laminates. Increase in cutting force was recognised as major factor during machining of
laminate composite. During machining of composite materials, it was observed that the
roughness plays an important role in terms of tool wear and cutting force parameters which
were also affected by high heat generation at tool-workpiece interface. Friedrich [16] and Voss
et al. [15] studied that short E-glass fibre has better wear resistance when compared with glass-
epoxy composites.
Addition of filler particles in the reinforcement of glass-epoxy composites results in
reduction of coefficient of friction and wear during sliding condition[7-8]. In recent times,
micro, sub-micro, and nano-scale particles are used as filler materials in epoxy to result in
higher-performance composites through improved characteristics[1-3]. Numerous studies have
discovered that a wide range of micro and nano-inorganic fillers, such as Al2O3, SiC, ZnO,
TiO2, SiO2, nano-Si3N4and MnO2 can improve the tribological and mechanical properties of
polymer composites significantly [9-15]. Nanoparticles such as nano-Al2O3/polyimide, nano-
TiO2/epoxy, and nano-ZnO/poly tetra fluoro ethylene can also be used to improve the
tribological properties of composites. Further, it was observed that micro sized Al2O3/epoxy
composite exhibited low potential discharge resistance when compared to nano-micro
Al2O3/epoxy composite [16]. However, little research has been done on the effect of various
particles on random direction E-glass fabric. Compared to micro sized Al2O3 filler particles in
glass-epoxy composite, nano sized Al2O3 particles has emerged as potential fillers in polymer
composites as an advanced insulation material[5]. From the literature it was observed that little
3. VenkataKasiViswanadham Kolipakula, Chandra Sekhara Kumar Aduru and Ravinder Reddy Pinninti
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJPTM 34 editor@iaeme.com
research was carried out during machining of short E-glass fibre reinforced with filler particles.
Also the addition of superior performing filler particles enhances surface roughness and cutting
force during machining short/fiber polymer matrix.
The present work has investigated the influence of nano sized SiC, Al2O3 filler particles and
short E-glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite on cutting force and surface roughness. Turning
experiments were performed at varying cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut parameters.
Further, the experimental results were compared with unfilled E-glass epoxy composite during
machining with selected cutting parameters.
2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
2.1. Specimen Preparation
In the present study, short length random orientation E-glass fibre reinforced epoxy were used.
In the present study, the ratio of 2:1 epoxy resin and hardener is mixed properly to avoid bubbles
in the resin. 10 wt% of SiC and 5 wt% of Al2O3 filler particles are added to epoxy resin and
mixed properly to get a homogeneous mixture. The required quantity of random oriented short
E-glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite with filler particles were put in the mould. To
compare the experimental studies with unfilled glass-epoxy composite, another workpiece with
short fiber epoxy composite without filler particles is fabricated accordingly. The workpiece
specimen is moulded with the geometry of 36 mm in diameter and 250 mm in length. The
properly mixed short E-glass epoxy filled with SiC and Al2O3 was poured into the symmetric
metallic clamped duel piece mould containing a required cylindrical dimension. During the
pouring process, proper precautions were considered to quash the chance of entrapped air gaps.
For preliminary curing purpose, the mould was kept at room temperature for 48 hrs.
Fig1. Lathe machine
Figure 1
2.1.1. Turning Experiments
To investigate machinability of developed E-glass epoxy composite filled with SiC and Al2O3
particles, turning experiments were carried using carbide cutting insert at varying cutting speed,
feed rate and depth of cut considering cutting force and surface roughness as performance
indices. A detailed comparison has been made with unfilled E-glass epoxy composite specimen
4. Machinability of SiC and Al2O3 Particles Filled Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Based
Composites by Turning
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJPTM 35 editor@iaeme.com
using carbide cutting insert with an objective to improve machining performance. Photographic
view of Panther NC lathe machine with filled E-glass epoxy composite and lathe tool
dynamometer was shown in Figure1. Machining length was kept constant throughout the
experiments.
Table 1 Cutting parameters
Sl.No Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Cutting speed (m/min) 150 200 250
Feed rate (mm/rev) 0.1 0.15 0.2
Depth of cut (mm) 0.5 1 1.5
Design method is used to perform the experiments under various parameters. In a factorial
design, a variable range is divided into levels between lowest and highest value parameters. A
three level full factorial design 3n
training data, where n is the number of variables. In the
present variables, cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut has total 33
= 27 experiments. The
range of process parameters were presented in Table 2. Surface roughness was measured using
Mitutoya SJ210 surface profilometer.
Table 2 Design matrix
Sl. No Cutting Speed (m/min) Feed rate (mm/rev) Depth of cut (mm)
1 100 0.1 0.5
2 150 0.1 0.5
3 200 0.1 0.5
4 100 0.15 0.5
5 150 0.15 0.5
6 200 0.15 0.5
7 100 0.2 0.5
8 150 0.2 0.5
9 200 0.2 0.5
10 100 0.1 1
11 150 0.1 1
12 200 0.1 1
13 100 0.15 1
14 150 0.15 1
15 200 0.15 1
16 100 0.2 1
17 150 0.2 1
18 200 0.2 1
19 100 0.1 1.5
20 150 0.1 1.5
21 200 0.1 1.5
22 100 0.15 1.5
23 150 0.15 1.5
24 200 0.15 1.5
25 100 0.2 1.5
26 150 0.2 1.5
27 200 0.2 1.5
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1. Analysis of Surface Roughness
Figure2. show the average surface roughness as a function of cutting speed, feed rate and depth
of cut of machining filled and unfilled GFRP composites. The surface roughness was measured
at three different locations after cutting time of 2 min.
5. VenkataKasiViswanadham Kolipakula, Chandra Sekhara Kumar Aduru and Ravinder Reddy Pinninti
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJPTM 36 editor@iaeme.com
The results revealed that the surface roughness in not only a function of the machining
conditions but also on the work piece material with and without filler particles. From Figure2.
it was observed that the surface quality obtained for filled SiC and Al2O3 filler particles in E-
glass epoxy composite had better results than that of the GFRP composites with unfilled particle
composites. During all the cutting parameters, better surface roughness was observed for filled
particle GFRP composites. It was also observed that during all machining conditions for filled
and unfilled particle composites, surface roughness improves with increase in cutting speed.
With the increase in feed rate surface roughness increases. Whereas increase in depth of cut,
surface roughness increases. In addition, at higher cutting speed the BUE on cutting tool surface
turn out to be less, chip breakage decreases, and hence the quality of the machined workpiece
surface is achieved. This is expected because higher cutting speeds induce quite easier chip
removal from the workpiece resulting in a better surface finish of the workpiece.
Figure 2 Surface roughness at cutting speed = 100, 150, 200 m/min,(a) Feed = 0.1 mm/rev (b) Feed =
0.15 mm/rev, (c) Feed = 0.2 mm/rev (depth of cut = 0.5 mm)
6. Machinability of SiC and Al2O3 Particles Filled Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Based
Composites by Turning
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJPTM 37 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 3 Surface roughness at cutting speed = 100, 150, 200 m/min, (a) Feed = 0.1 mm/rev, (b) Feed
= 0.15 mm/rev , (c) Feed = 0.2 mm/rev (depth of cut = 1 mm)
7. VenkataKasiViswanadham Kolipakula, Chandra Sekhara Kumar Aduru and Ravinder Reddy Pinninti
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJPTM 38 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 4 Surface roughness at cutting speed = 100, 150, 200 m/min, (a) Feed = 0.1 mm/rev, (b) Feed
= 0.15 mm/rev (c) Feed = 0.2 mm/rev (depth of cut = 1.5 mm)
The above result reveals that the minimum surface roughness on the machining of GFRP
composites within the range of factor under investigation is 1.42 µm.
Surface roughness plays an important role in many areas and is a factor of great importance
in the evaluation of machining accuracy. Although many factors affect the surface condition of
a machined part, machining parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut have a
significant influence on the surface roughness for a given machine tool and work piece set-up.
It is known that the mechanism of cutting in GFRP composites is due to the combination of
plastic deformation, shearing and bending rupture.
During machining, at lower cutting speed, large material flow with the cut fibers has been
noticed which in turn produced high surface roughness, whereas at high velocity, the chips
mainly consist of less deformed matrix material and cut fibers.
8. Machinability of SiC and Al2O3 Particles Filled Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Based
Composites by Turning
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJPTM 39 editor@iaeme.com
The increase in feed rate increased the heat generation and hence, tool wear, which resulted
in the higher surface roughness. The increase in feed rate also increased the chatter and
produced incomplete machining at a faster traverse, which led to higher surface roughness. The
results shown prove that the roughness of the machined surface was highly influenced by the
feed rate. The depth of cut plays only a small role on composite machining process. From the
experimental results, it is observed that the surface roughness at a depth of cut 0.5 mm is higher
than that at a depth of cut of 1.5 mm.
Furthermore, the surface roughness increases as the feed rate increases. The surface
roughness produced on the GFRP work piece is mainly due to the feed rate. This is consistent
with the results from the study of Else Eriksen [18].
3.2. Analysis of Cutting Force
The machining force component is a crucial parameter during the evaluation of the performance
of any machining process. Several parameters like workpiece material, tool material and its
geometry have a considerable effect on machining force, which helps to estimate the energy
requirement of the machining process. During the machining process, the behaviour of average
machining force components under considered workpiece compositions with various cutting
parameters is shown in Figure3. It was understood that cutting speed significantly influences
the cutting force. The experimental results shown in Figure 3. that at high-speed cutting
conditions, the cutting force decreases causing reduction of shear strength at the machining
zone. Upon further increase in the machining speed, the friction coefficients at the tool-chip
zone on the cutting tool (at rake face) results in a decreased shear plane angle [6]. Therefore,
cutting force decreases at high-speed condition. As a result, the cutting speed was found to be
more significant effect in terms of inducing the machining force.
10. Machinability of SiC and Al2O3 Particles Filled Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Based
Composites by Turning
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJPTM 41 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 7 Cutting force at cutting speed = 100, 150, 200 m/min, (a) Feed = 0.1 mm/rev, (b) Feed =
0.15 mm/rev , (c) Feed = 0.2 mm/rev (depth of cut = 1.5 mm)
Results also showed that machining force increases with increasing feed rate and depth of
cut in the machining process. This is due to the fact that, increase in feed rate and depth of cut
results in increased rate of plastic deformation at the primary shearing zone [12]. From the
obtained results it was observed that, during unfilled particles machining is associated with
enhanced friction, which leads to increased cutting temperatures, thereby increasing cutting
force. The high cutting forces acting in the shearing zones promote high friction with high heat
generation and consequently develop high temperature that accelerates tool wear. Whereas
during machining of glass-epoxy composite with SiC and Al2O3 filler particles, Al2O3 is acting
as a lubricant median and reduces the friction and generation of heat at tool-workpiece interface
zone. Thus results in decrease in cutting force compare to unfilled glass-epoxy composite.
11. VenkataKasiViswanadham Kolipakula, Chandra Sekhara Kumar Aduru and Ravinder Reddy Pinninti
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJPTM 42 editor@iaeme.com
4. CONCLUSIONS
It can be concluded from the results that both the output parameters cutting force and surface
roughness during machining of GFRP filled and unfilled particles are strongly influenced by
all the cutting parameters cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. Addition of SiC and Al2O3
filler particles to the E-glass epoxy matrix has a significant effect on the improvement of
machining properties. The surface roughness and cutting force properties has increased its
efficiency by 17.08% and 20.065% respectively, because of addition of 10% SiC particles and
5% of Al2O3 particles in short glass-epoxy composite. The improvement of machining
properties is because of better stress transfer and thermal resistance properties from fiber and
nano particles to the matrix, due to this existence of strong interfacial interactions between both
reinforcement and matrix, which depict the higher resistance to fibre pullout as compared to
fiber reinforced composites without SiC and Al2O3 filler nano particles.
REFERENCES
[1] B. Suresha, G. Chandramohan, N. M. Renukappa, Siddaramaiah, Tribological Properties of
Glass–Epoxy Composites with and Without Graphite Particulate Filler, Wiley Inter Science,
103 (2007), 2472-2480.
[2] V.K. Srivastava, S. Wahne, Wear and friction behaviour of soft particles filled random direction
short GFRP composites, Materials Science and Engineering , 458 (2007) 25–33.
[3] Akash Mohanty, V. K. Srivastava, Tribological behavior of particles and fibers reinforced
hybrid nano-composites, Tribology Transactions, 58 (2015), 1142-1150.
[4] AkashMohanty, V. K. Srivastava, Effect of alumina nanoparticles on the enhancement of impact
and flexural properties of the short glass/carbon fiber reinforced epoxy based composites, Fibers
and Polymers,16 (2015), 188-195.
[5] Kishore, P. Sampathkumaran, S. Seetharamu, S. Vynatheya, A. Murali, R.K. Kumar, SEM
observations of the effects of velocity and load on the sliding wear characteristics of glass
fabric–epoxy composites with different fillers, Wear 237 (2000), 20–27.
[6] Kali Dass, SR Chauhan, Bharti Gaur, Mechanical and dry sliding wear characterization of
microsizesiliconvcarbide and aluminum oxide–filled ortho cresol novalac epoxy composites,
Journal of Composite Materials (2013), 1-13.
[7] Kali Dass, SR Chauhan, Bharti Gaur, Effects of micro size SiC, Al2O3, and ZnO particulates on
mechanical and tribological properties of synthesized ortho- and meta-cresol novolac epoxy
composites, J Engineering Tribology, 228(8) (2014), 881–895.
[8] Devesh Sharma, ShaileshYadav, Suraj Chand, Umesh Kumar, Bhaskar Chandra Kandpal,
Ashok Kumar, D. K. Gupta, Fabrication and characterization of glass fiber/SiC reinforced
polymer composite, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 13(6) (2018) 175-
178.
[9] AkashMohanty, Vijay Kumar Srivastava, PulyaUmamaheswaraSastry, Investigation of
mechanical properties of alumina nanoparticle-loaded hybrid glass/carbon-fiber-reinforced
epoxy composites, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 39749 (2013), 1-7.
[10] Abdullah Al Mahmood, Abdul Mobin, RezwonMorshed, TasmiaZaman, Characterization of
glass fibre reinforced polymer composite prepared by hand layup method, American Journal of
Bioscience and Bioengineering, 5 (1) (2017), 5-11.
12. Machinability of SiC and Al2O3 Particles Filled Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Based
Composites by Turning
https://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJPTM 43 editor@iaeme.com
[11] Sriraman N, Sreehari V.M, Jayendra Bharathi R, Vinu M. Kuriakose, Sathiya Narayanan N,
Mechanical characteristics of glass epoxy composites with Yttrium powder fillers, Materials
Today: Proceedings 50 (2022), 2462–2466.
[12] Ucar V, Ozel A, Mimaroglu A, et al., Influence of SiO2 and MnO2 additives on the dry friction
and wear performance of Al2O3 ceramic, Mater Design 22 (2001), 171–175.
[13] Li Chang, KlausFriedrich, Enhancement effect of nanoparticles on the sliding wear of short
fiber-reinforced polymer composites: A critical discussion of wear mechanisms, Tribology
international, 43(2010) 2355-2364.
[14] YapingBai, YongchunGuo, Jianping Li, Zhong Yang, JiaTian, Effect of Al2O3 nanoparticle
reinforcement on the mechanical and high-temperaturetribologicalbehaviour of Al-7075 alloy,
Journal of engineering tribology,231(2017), 900-909.
[15] Voss H, and Friedrich K,On the wear behavior of short-fiber-reinforced PEEK composites,
Wear, 116 (1987), 1–18.
[16] Friedrich K, Karger-kocsis J, and Lu E, Effect of steel counter face roughness and temperature
on the friction and wear of PEEK composites under dry sliding conditions, Wear, 148 (1991),
235–247.
[17] Koenig W, and Grass P, Quality Definition and Assessment in Drilling of Fibre Reinforced
Thermosets, Annals of CIRP, 38 (1989), 119-124.
[18] Else Eriksen, Influence from production parameters on the surface roughness of a machined
short fibre reinforced thermoplastic, Int J Mach Tools Manuf,39 (1999), 1611–1618.