A step by step description of metabolism.

2. Bioenergetics &
Thermodynamics
Represented By:
Fatima Saif
Saba Abid
Anmol Fatima

3. Metabolism
It is the sum of 2 processes:
1.Catabolism
2.Anabolism

4. 1.Catabolism
Catabolic pathway degrades organic
nutrients into simple end-products.
Example:
Oxidation of glucose in body.

5. 2.Anabolism
In Anabolic pathway small molecules
are converted into more complex
molecules.
Example:
Formation of protein from amino acids.

6. Bioenergetics
Also called Biochemical
thermodynamics.
It is the quantitative study of energy
transduction.

7. Laws of Thermodynamics
These laws were formulated in 19th
Century.
There are 2 laws of Thermodynamics:
1.First Law of Thermodynamics
2.Second Law of Thermodynamics

8. 1.First Law of Thermodynamics
It states :
Total amount of energy in the
Universe remain Constant.

12. 2.Second Law of Thermodynamics
It states as:
Universe always tend towards more
and more disorders.

16. Change In Entropy
Represented as S.
It may be:
Positive
Negative

18. Free Energy
Also called Gibbs Free Energy.
Part of total energy which is capable
of doing work at constant
Temperature & Pressure.