modernism- Modern and post modern Architecture, a comparison.

1. & Postmodern architecture
Modern architecture
Represented for : Prof. Nahed Omran
From : Shady Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed
sec : 4

2. reasons that helped the modern architecture to rise
Bauhaus
Chicago School
Art Deco
Minimalist
(CIAM)
Organic Architecture
Brutalism
Metabolism
Postmodern Architecture
Modern Architecture
Comparison
Robert Venturi
FEATURE OF POST-MODERN ARCHITECTURE
Frank Gehry
Resources

3. Modern Architecture
Modern architecture : it is that
period that’s has taken a place
after the industrial revolution
became a part of almost every
country in Europe
And we can say that the beginning
of it was at the late 1800s and
early’ 1900s.
As the machine conquered the
world. Lots of changes took place
in every field. And as for
architecture and construction
field. A major updates applied and
spread at no time.
• New martials: reinforced concert, cast iron,
plate glass.
• Transportations (Internal combustion engine) :
(1876) usage for commercial reasons. Trains,
and vehicles .
• Oil refining : great affections on economy
“energy”, and as a result building materials
production.
The main reasons that helped the modern architecture to rise:
The first house built of reinforced concrete,
designed by François Coignet (1853)
in Saint-Denis near Paris

4. Modern Architecture
The Crystal Palace (1851) was one of the first
buildings to have cast plate glass windows supported
by a cast-iron frame
Modern architecture
emerged at the end of the
19th century from
revolutions in technology,
engineering and building
materials, and from a desire
to break away from historical
architectural styles and to
invent something that was
purely functional and new.
New building materials
cast iron was something new and great at making wide spans and a less
percentage of structure to void. And that gave the feeling of strength
and led the architects to represent cast iron as a model for strength,
stability, and greatness.
we can clearly notice this in many buildings . Such as Crystal palace and
Eiffel Tower.
Modern Architecture at the early 20s century
Bauhaus (Walter Gropius) 1919
• Architecture is an organizational task
that has nothing to do with aesthetics.
arts.
• To unify the principles of mass
production with individual artistic vision.
Form follows function
Forming is function

5. Modern Architecture
Chicago buildings of the era displayed a
wide variety of styles and techniques.
Contemporary publications used the
phrase "Commercial Style" to describe
the innovative tall buildings of the era
rather than proposing any sort of unified
"school".
Some of the distinguishing features of the
Chicago School are the use of steel-frame
buildings with masonry cladding.
Chicago School

6. Modern Architecture
characteristics
of minimalist
architecture include:
• Pure geometric forms.
• Simple, limited and
plain materials.
• Neat and
straight components.
• Repetition to give a
sense of order and
unification.
• Simple, open spaces.
• 'Clean' lines.
Minimalist
Art Deco is
a modernist architectural
style that flourished in the mid-
1920s through to the early-1930s.
As well as having a significant
influence on architecture, it also
extended to fashion, art,
sculpture, jewellery and furniture.
It is characterized by its distinctive
sharp-edges and
stylized, geometric,
decorative details.
Art Deco

7. Modern Architecture
The Congrès internationaux d'architecture
moderne (CIAM)
Urban planning must be considered as much as
architectural design
Le Corbusier :
Architecture is the masterly, correct
and magnificent play of masses
brought together in light.
International Congresses of Modern
Architecture was founded on June
1928, at the Chateau de la Sarraz in
Switzerland, by a group of 28 European
architects organized by Le Corbusier
Le Corbusier
Principal Of CIAM :
formalizing the architectural principles of the Modern Movement, also
saw architecture as an economic and political tool that could be used
to improve the world through the design of buildings and
through urban planning.

8. Modern Architecture
As he said: declaring organic architecture to
be the modern ideal and the teaching so
much needed if we are to see the whole of
life, and to now serve the whole of life,
holding no traditions essential to the great
TRADITION. Nor cherishing any
preconceived form fixing upon us either
past, present or future, but instead exalting
the simple laws of common sense or of
super-sense if you prefer determining form
by way of the nature of materials
Form follows function, but first follows nature.
No house should ever be on a hill
or on anything. It should be of the hill.
Belonging to it.
Architect and planner David Pearson proposed a list of rules towards the
design of organic architecture. These rules are known as the Gaia Charter for
organic architecture and design
• unfold, like an organism, from the seed within.
• exist in the "continuous present" and "begin again and again."
• follow the flows and be flexible and adaptable.
• satisfy social, physical, and spiritual needs.
• "grow out of the site" and be unique.
• celebrate the spirit of youth, play and surprise.
• express the rhythm of music and the power of dance.
Fallingwater by Frank Lloyd Wright
Organic Architecture 1939
Frank Lloyd Wright

9. Modern Architecture
Pure function, Aggressive shaping.
The Nakagin Capsule Tower in Tokyo
is a style that emerged in the 1950s
and grew out of the early-20th
century modernist movement.
Brutalism buildings are characterized
by their massive, monolithic and
‘blocky’ appearance with a
rigid geometric style and large-
scale use of poured concrete.
Metabolism
A Japanese Architectural movement
1960 that was characterized by
organic-like forms and heavy use of
concrete.
The reason why we use such a
biological word, metabolism, is that we
believe design and technology should
be a denotation of human society. We
are not going to accept metabolism as
a natural process, but try to encourage
active metabolic development of our
society through our proposals
Brutalism

10. Post Modernism Architecture
Postmodern architecture was an international movement that focused
on free-thinking design with conceptual consideration to the surrounding
environment. These considerations included integrating the design of
adjacent buildings into new, postmodern structures, so that they had an
element of cohesiveness while still making an impact.
Post Modern Architecture
Modern Architecture
comparison

11. Post Modernism Architecture
Many of the basic elements of the house are a reaction against
standard Modernist architectural elements: the pitched roof
rather than flat roof, the emphasis on the central hearth and
chimney, a closed ground floor "set firmly on the ground" rather
than the Modernist columns and glass walls which open up the
ground floor.
Vanna Venturi House
Venturi placed
the parallel
walls of the
house
perpendicular
to the main
axis of the site,
defined by the
driveway,
rather than the
usual
placement
along the axis.
Robert Venturi

12. Contemporary Architecture
FEATURE OF POST-MODERN ARCHITECTURE
Post modern architecture due to the weaknesses in modern
architecture, tries to solve them and create
an atmosphere that is different and better than the modern period.
Postmodernism is non-exclusive in
general against modernism .Means postmodern are finding ration for
modernity in the twentieth
century.
principles are destroyed, but there is still a general principle and it is
that performance will remain
spiritual.
Among the characteristics of post-modern architecture can be noted
the following points:
• Social, cultural, historical and economic characteristics of people
who use these buildings.
• BRIGHT COLOURS
• PLAYFULNESS
• VARIETY OF MATERIALS AND SHAPES
• MORE CURVES AND MORE FORMING
• Structural variety

13. Post Modernism Architecture
It emerged as a reaction to Modernism and the Modern
Movement and the dogmas associated with it. By the 1970s
Modernism had begun to seem elitist and exclusive, despite its
democratic intentions. The failure of building methods and
materials
Frank Gehry
Gehry's style at times seems unfinished or even crude, but his
work is consistent with the California "funk" art movement in
the 1960s and early 1970s, which featured the use of
inexpensive found objects and non-traditional media such as
clay to make serious art. His works always have at least some
element of deconstructivism

14. Post Modernism Architecture
Frank
Gehry

15. Resources
Modern and Post-Modern Architecture
https://hammerandhand.com/
https://www.archdaily.com/
https://www.fosterandpartners.com/
https://en.wikiarquitectura.com/
http://www.designbookmag.com/
https://miesarch.com/