PGPR FINAL slideshare.pptx
•Télécharger en tant que PPTX, PDF•
0 j'aime•8 vues
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) offer a sustainable and eco-friendly approach to combatting plant diseases. These beneficial bacteria colonize plant roots and employ diverse strategies to shield plants from harmful pathogens. They directly compete with pathogens for resources, produce antimicrobial compounds like antibiotics, and even deprive them of essential nutrients like iron. Additionally, PGPR trigger the plant's own defense mechanisms, priming it for rapid response against future attacks. This induced systemic resistance (ISR) enhances plant resilience and reduces disease severity. Research suggests PGPR can effectively control a wide range of plant diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, and even viruses. As concerns about chemical pesticide overuse rise, PGPR hold immense potential for sustainable agriculture, promoting healthy crops and safeguarding global food security.
Signaler
Partager
Signaler
Partager
Recommandé
Fungicides Tolerance in Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens
compatibility and Tolerance in Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens with fungicides
Pesticides impact on environment & biopesticides.pptx
A pesticides is a toxic chemical substance that are meant to control pests. They detain and eliminate certain pest populations including insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, and other animals.
Pesticidal efficacy of crude aqueous extracts of Tephrosia vogelii L., Allium...
Cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) is one of the most problematic pests in smallholder vegetable production, causing significant yield losses in heavy infestations. Current control strategy focuses on use of synthetic pesticides that consequently lead to decimation of natural enemies, development of insect resistance and resurgence and upset biodiversity. Botanical pesticides have been used widely in smallholder farmers but not much documented literature exists on efficacy of these products. A field trial was done to assess the efficacy of crude aqueous extracts of Tephrosia vogelii, Allium sativum and Solanum incanum in controlling Brevicoryne brassicae in Brassica napus production. The trial was laid in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments replicated four times. The five treatments used in the experiment were T. vogelii, A. sativum, S. incanum, dimethoate and control. Wingless adult female aphids were inoculated three weeks after transplanting of seedlings. Spraying and data collection were done weekly for four weeks. Data was collected on aphid nymph and adult counts on the third leaf from the aerial plant part of randomly selected plants from each treatment for 24 hours after the application of treatments and total plant fresh weight per each treatment. There were significant differences (p<0.05)><0.05) on the yield of rape. It was concluded that T. vogelii, S. incanum and A. sativum aqueous crude extracts have some pesticidal effects on aphid in rape production.
Article Citation:
Shepherd Mudzingwa, Simbarashe Muzemu and James Chitamba.
Pesticidal efficacy of crude aqueous extracts of Tephrosia vogelii L., Allium sativum L. and Solanum incanum L. in controlling aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) in rape (Brassica napus L.)
Journal of Research in Agriculture (2013) 2(1): 157-163.
Full Text:
http://www.jagri.info/documents/AG0040.pdf
Pesticidal efficacy of crude aqueous extracts of Tephrosia vogelii L., Alli...
Cabbage aphid (
Brevicoryne brassicae
L.) is one of the most problematic
pests in smallholder vegetable production, causing significant yield losses in heavy
infestations. Current control strategy focuses on use of synthetic pesticides that
consequently lead to decimation of natural enemies, development of insect
resistance and resurgence and upset biodiversity. Botanical pesticides have been used
widely in smallholder farmers but not much documented literature exists on efficacy
of these products. A field trial was done to assess the efficacy of crude aqueous
extracts of
Tephrosia vogelii
,
Allium sativum
and
Solanum incanum
in controlling
Brevicoryne brassicae
in
Brassica napus
production. The trial was laid in a randomized
complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments replicated four times. The five
treatments used in the experiment were
T
.
vogelii
,
A
.
sativum
,
S
.
incanum
,
dimethoate and control. Wingless adult female aphids were inoculated three weeks
after transplanting of seedlings. Spraying and data collection were done weekly for
four weeks. Data was collected on aphid nymph and adult counts on the third leaf
from the aerial plant part of randomly selected plants from each treatment for
24 hours after the application of treatments and total plant fresh weight per each
treatment. There were significant differences (p<0.05)><0.05) on the yield of rape. It was concluded that
T. vogelii
,
S
.
incanum
and
A
.
sativum
aqueous crude extracts have some pesticidal
effects on aphid in rape
production.
Recommandé
Fungicides Tolerance in Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens
compatibility and Tolerance in Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens with fungicides
Pesticides impact on environment & biopesticides.pptx
A pesticides is a toxic chemical substance that are meant to control pests. They detain and eliminate certain pest populations including insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, and other animals.
Pesticidal efficacy of crude aqueous extracts of Tephrosia vogelii L., Allium...
Cabbage aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) is one of the most problematic pests in smallholder vegetable production, causing significant yield losses in heavy infestations. Current control strategy focuses on use of synthetic pesticides that consequently lead to decimation of natural enemies, development of insect resistance and resurgence and upset biodiversity. Botanical pesticides have been used widely in smallholder farmers but not much documented literature exists on efficacy of these products. A field trial was done to assess the efficacy of crude aqueous extracts of Tephrosia vogelii, Allium sativum and Solanum incanum in controlling Brevicoryne brassicae in Brassica napus production. The trial was laid in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments replicated four times. The five treatments used in the experiment were T. vogelii, A. sativum, S. incanum, dimethoate and control. Wingless adult female aphids were inoculated three weeks after transplanting of seedlings. Spraying and data collection were done weekly for four weeks. Data was collected on aphid nymph and adult counts on the third leaf from the aerial plant part of randomly selected plants from each treatment for 24 hours after the application of treatments and total plant fresh weight per each treatment. There were significant differences (p<0.05)><0.05) on the yield of rape. It was concluded that T. vogelii, S. incanum and A. sativum aqueous crude extracts have some pesticidal effects on aphid in rape production.
Article Citation:
Shepherd Mudzingwa, Simbarashe Muzemu and James Chitamba.
Pesticidal efficacy of crude aqueous extracts of Tephrosia vogelii L., Allium sativum L. and Solanum incanum L. in controlling aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) in rape (Brassica napus L.)
Journal of Research in Agriculture (2013) 2(1): 157-163.
Full Text:
http://www.jagri.info/documents/AG0040.pdf
Pesticidal efficacy of crude aqueous extracts of Tephrosia vogelii L., Alli...
Cabbage aphid (
Brevicoryne brassicae
L.) is one of the most problematic
pests in smallholder vegetable production, causing significant yield losses in heavy
infestations. Current control strategy focuses on use of synthetic pesticides that
consequently lead to decimation of natural enemies, development of insect
resistance and resurgence and upset biodiversity. Botanical pesticides have been used
widely in smallholder farmers but not much documented literature exists on efficacy
of these products. A field trial was done to assess the efficacy of crude aqueous
extracts of
Tephrosia vogelii
,
Allium sativum
and
Solanum incanum
in controlling
Brevicoryne brassicae
in
Brassica napus
production. The trial was laid in a randomized
complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments replicated four times. The five
treatments used in the experiment were
T
.
vogelii
,
A
.
sativum
,
S
.
incanum
,
dimethoate and control. Wingless adult female aphids were inoculated three weeks
after transplanting of seedlings. Spraying and data collection were done weekly for
four weeks. Data was collected on aphid nymph and adult counts on the third leaf
from the aerial plant part of randomly selected plants from each treatment for
24 hours after the application of treatments and total plant fresh weight per each
treatment. There were significant differences (p<0.05)><0.05) on the yield of rape. It was concluded that
T. vogelii
,
S
.
incanum
and
A
.
sativum
aqueous crude extracts have some pesticidal
effects on aphid in rape
production.
Written Reports/Output 20% (Narrative report, different forms/documentation &...
tHIS IS A SAMPLE RESEARCH
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Role of fungi as biocontrol agents
In this slide different fungi are Mentioned and their role as bio-control agents is also elaborated which is reviewed from different research articles cited in reference portion.
Organic Agriculture - Best for Nature as well as Human!
Organic agriculture is a best way to make food healthy with doing no harm to soil and atmosphere. Agriculture education is necessary for all of the best knowledge for a better career with better future for every common people.
The biological control and integrated pest management
The biological control and integrated pest management presented by bilal riaz UOS Sargodha
Biotic and abiotic stress in cucurbits
Loss due to diseases range from 20 to 30 %, in case of severe infection, total crop may be lost.
Estimated global loss due to insect pests in potential yields of all crops is -14%.
In India losses due to insect pests ranges from 10 to 20 %
Abiotic stresses reduce average yield of crops by upto50% (Bray EA 1997)
Annually about 42% of the crop productivity is lost due to various abiotic stress factors (Oerkeet.al.,1994).
Emerging Trends to Minimize the Post Harvest Decay of Perishable Fruits
Emerging Trends to Minimize the Post Harvest Decay of Perishable FruitsSSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences
ABSTRACT- Fruits and vegetables are mainly consumed for their nutritive value. India ranks high in the world in
production of these commodities. But, a major part of the yield is lost due to a number of factors. Post harvest decay due
to attack by a variety of pathogen is one of the main reason responsible for such losses. Most of the fruits and vegetable
are prone to attack by post harvest pathogens. But, perishable fruits are at maximum risk due high moisture content
present in them. Various control measures have been practiced against the fungal pathogens. Tradionally used methods
like irradiation, use of chemical fungicides etc. have certain environmental and health hazards associated with them.
Recent trends are shifting towards safe and consumer friendly strategies to control the post harvest decay of perishable
fruits. Presently, trends are focusing on enhancement of the shelf life of perishables along with the minimization of the
losses in quantitative as well as qualitative terms. In the recent past, a metamorphic change in the post harvest
management scenario has been observed. Emerging trends are aimed at use of biological control measures to combat the
post harvest losses.
Key-words- Post harvest decay, Perishables, Fungal pathogens, Biological control, Post harvest management, Emerging
trends, Consumer friendly strategies
Soils 509 pesticide classification pesticide cycle_ ideal charecterisitic of...
Pesticide, classification, pesticide cycle, ideal features of pesticides
Balancing Pest Control with Biodiversity Conservation.pdf
The harmonization of pest management and biodiversity preservation is crucial for sustainable agriculture. It involves minimizing the use of chemical pesticides and promoting natural predators. This approach aims to protect both crops and the ecosystem.
Challenges in Pest Management
Traditional pest control methods often lead to environmental degradation and loss of biodiversity. The reliance on chemical pesticides has resulted in resistance among pest populations. This necessitates a shift towards more sustainable approaches.
Promoting Biodiversity in Agriculture
Integrating biodiversity into agricultural landscapes can enhance ecosystem services and provide natural pest control. Strategies such as crop diversification and habitat restoration support the presence of beneficial organisms that regulate pest populations.
Biological Pest Control Methods
Utilizing natural enemies of pests, such as predatory insects and parasitic wasps, can effectively manage pest populations. This approach reduces the reliance on chemical pesticides and promotes a more balanced ecosystem.
Sustainable Pest Management Practices
Implementing integrated pest management (IPM) strategies combines various approaches, including biological control, cultural practices, and monitoring. This holistic approach minimizes environmental impact while effectively managing pest populations.
Untitled Insecticide residue fvhjh .pptx
Aszdxsdxcvbhgfdrsecvbjhgftdrsedzxvbghyrt cfgvhblgyftcg dcfghvjbguiftdgbjgu cbjkhguiyftdrxfvb ycfvbjhgyfgc
Rhamnolipids in plant disease control.pptx
Rhamnolipids are a class of biosurfactants produced by various bacterial species, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These molecules have gained significant attention due to their unique properties and potential applications in various industries.
Structurally, rhamnolipids consist of one or two rhamnose sugar molecules linked to one or more lipid (fatty acid) chains. This amphiphilic nature, with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, gives rhamnolipids their surfactant properties, allowing them to reduce surface and interfacial tensions between different phases.
One of the most notable features of rhamnolipids is their ability to enhance the solubilization and biodegradation of hydrophobic compounds, such as oils, hydrocarbons, and other organic pollutants. This property makes them valuable in environmental remediation processes, where they can facilitate the removal of contaminants from soil and water. Additionally, rhamnolipids have shown potential in enhancing oil recovery from reservoirs in the petroleum industry.
Rhamnolipids also exhibit antimicrobial and antifungal activities, making them promising candidates for use in various applications, including agriculture, food preservation, and healthcare. Their ability to disrupt cell membranes and inhibit biofilm formation contributes to their efficacy against a wide range of microorganisms.
Furthermore, rhamnolipids have found applications in the cosmetic and personal care industries, where they can act as emulsifiers, foaming agents, and solubilizers. Their biodegradability and low toxicity make them attractive alternatives to synthetic surfactants in these products.
The production of rhamnolipids can be achieved through microbial fermentation processes using various carbon sources, including renewable resources like agricultural residues and waste materials. This sustainable production method aligns with the growing demand for eco-friendly and bio-based products in various sectors.
Despite their promising potential, the large-scale production and commercialization of rhamnolipids have been hindered by challenges related to cost-effective production processes and purification methods. Ongoing research efforts are focused on optimizing production strains, fermentation conditions, and downstream processing to overcome these challenges and facilitate the wider adoption of rhamnolipids in diverse applications.
PGPR in plant disease management and plant health .pptx
PGPR, or Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria, refer to a group of bacteria that colonize the rhizosphere (the area surrounding the roots) of plants and exert beneficial effects on plant growth and development. These beneficial bacteria play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture by promoting plant growth and enhancing plant health through various mechanisms.
One of the primary mechanisms by which PGPR promote plant growth is through the production of phytohormones, such as auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins. These hormones stimulate root growth, shoot elongation, and overall plant biomass production. Additionally, PGPR can solubilize phosphates and other essential nutrients, making them readily available for plant uptake, thereby enhancing nutrient acquisition and utilization.
PGPR also contribute to plant growth by producing siderophores, which are iron-chelating compounds that help plants acquire iron from the soil. Iron is an essential micronutrient for plants, and its deficiency can lead to chlorosis and stunted growth. By facilitating iron uptake, PGPR ensure proper plant development and overall vigor.
Another important mechanism by which PGPR benefit plants is through the production of various enzymes and metabolites that can suppress the growth of plant pathogens. These bacteria can produce antibiotics, hydrogen cyanide, and other compounds that inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, and nematodes, thereby protecting plants from diseases and improving their overall health.
PGPR can also induce systemic resistance in plants, a phenomenon known as induced systemic resistance (ISR). ISR is a physiological state of enhanced defensive capacity against a broad spectrum of pathogens and pests. PGPR trigger this response by interacting with plant receptors, leading to the activation of defense-related genes and the production of antimicrobial compounds, fortifying the plant's immune system.
Furthermore, PGPR can contribute to plant growth by producing enzymes that degrade organic matter, such as cellulose, lignin, and chitin, thereby releasing nutrients that can be taken up by plants. This process is particularly important in nutrient-poor soils, where the availability of essential nutrients may be limited.
The use of PGPR as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents in agriculture has gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential to reduce the reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which can have adverse environmental impacts. PGPR-based products are considered environmentally friendly and sustainable alternatives to conventional agricultural practices, promoting plant growth while minimizing the negative effects on soil health and ecosystems.
Contenu connexe
Similaire à PGPR FINAL slideshare.pptx
Written Reports/Output 20% (Narrative report, different forms/documentation &...
tHIS IS A SAMPLE RESEARCH
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Role of fungi as biocontrol agents
In this slide different fungi are Mentioned and their role as bio-control agents is also elaborated which is reviewed from different research articles cited in reference portion.
Organic Agriculture - Best for Nature as well as Human!
Organic agriculture is a best way to make food healthy with doing no harm to soil and atmosphere. Agriculture education is necessary for all of the best knowledge for a better career with better future for every common people.
The biological control and integrated pest management
The biological control and integrated pest management presented by bilal riaz UOS Sargodha
Biotic and abiotic stress in cucurbits
Loss due to diseases range from 20 to 30 %, in case of severe infection, total crop may be lost.
Estimated global loss due to insect pests in potential yields of all crops is -14%.
In India losses due to insect pests ranges from 10 to 20 %
Abiotic stresses reduce average yield of crops by upto50% (Bray EA 1997)
Annually about 42% of the crop productivity is lost due to various abiotic stress factors (Oerkeet.al.,1994).
Emerging Trends to Minimize the Post Harvest Decay of Perishable Fruits
Emerging Trends to Minimize the Post Harvest Decay of Perishable FruitsSSR Institute of International Journal of Life Sciences
ABSTRACT- Fruits and vegetables are mainly consumed for their nutritive value. India ranks high in the world in
production of these commodities. But, a major part of the yield is lost due to a number of factors. Post harvest decay due
to attack by a variety of pathogen is one of the main reason responsible for such losses. Most of the fruits and vegetable
are prone to attack by post harvest pathogens. But, perishable fruits are at maximum risk due high moisture content
present in them. Various control measures have been practiced against the fungal pathogens. Tradionally used methods
like irradiation, use of chemical fungicides etc. have certain environmental and health hazards associated with them.
Recent trends are shifting towards safe and consumer friendly strategies to control the post harvest decay of perishable
fruits. Presently, trends are focusing on enhancement of the shelf life of perishables along with the minimization of the
losses in quantitative as well as qualitative terms. In the recent past, a metamorphic change in the post harvest
management scenario has been observed. Emerging trends are aimed at use of biological control measures to combat the
post harvest losses.
Key-words- Post harvest decay, Perishables, Fungal pathogens, Biological control, Post harvest management, Emerging
trends, Consumer friendly strategies
Soils 509 pesticide classification pesticide cycle_ ideal charecterisitic of...
Pesticide, classification, pesticide cycle, ideal features of pesticides
Balancing Pest Control with Biodiversity Conservation.pdf
The harmonization of pest management and biodiversity preservation is crucial for sustainable agriculture. It involves minimizing the use of chemical pesticides and promoting natural predators. This approach aims to protect both crops and the ecosystem.
Challenges in Pest Management
Traditional pest control methods often lead to environmental degradation and loss of biodiversity. The reliance on chemical pesticides has resulted in resistance among pest populations. This necessitates a shift towards more sustainable approaches.
Promoting Biodiversity in Agriculture
Integrating biodiversity into agricultural landscapes can enhance ecosystem services and provide natural pest control. Strategies such as crop diversification and habitat restoration support the presence of beneficial organisms that regulate pest populations.
Biological Pest Control Methods
Utilizing natural enemies of pests, such as predatory insects and parasitic wasps, can effectively manage pest populations. This approach reduces the reliance on chemical pesticides and promotes a more balanced ecosystem.
Sustainable Pest Management Practices
Implementing integrated pest management (IPM) strategies combines various approaches, including biological control, cultural practices, and monitoring. This holistic approach minimizes environmental impact while effectively managing pest populations.
Untitled Insecticide residue fvhjh .pptx
Aszdxsdxcvbhgfdrsecvbjhgftdrsedzxvbghyrt cfgvhblgyftcg dcfghvjbguiftdgbjgu cbjkhguiyftdrxfvb ycfvbjhgyfgc
Similaire à PGPR FINAL slideshare.pptx (20)
Written Reports/Output 20% (Narrative report, different forms/documentation &...
Written Reports/Output 20% (Narrative report, different forms/documentation &...
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)
Organic Agriculture - Best for Nature as well as Human!
Organic Agriculture - Best for Nature as well as Human!
The biological control and integrated pest management
The biological control and integrated pest management
Emerging Trends to Minimize the Post Harvest Decay of Perishable Fruits
Emerging Trends to Minimize the Post Harvest Decay of Perishable Fruits
Soils 509 pesticide classification pesticide cycle_ ideal charecterisitic of...
Soils 509 pesticide classification pesticide cycle_ ideal charecterisitic of...
Balancing Pest Control with Biodiversity Conservation.pdf
Balancing Pest Control with Biodiversity Conservation.pdf
Plus de Sathiya Aravindan Venkatesan
Rhamnolipids in plant disease control.pptx
Rhamnolipids are a class of biosurfactants produced by various bacterial species, particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These molecules have gained significant attention due to their unique properties and potential applications in various industries.
Structurally, rhamnolipids consist of one or two rhamnose sugar molecules linked to one or more lipid (fatty acid) chains. This amphiphilic nature, with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, gives rhamnolipids their surfactant properties, allowing them to reduce surface and interfacial tensions between different phases.
One of the most notable features of rhamnolipids is their ability to enhance the solubilization and biodegradation of hydrophobic compounds, such as oils, hydrocarbons, and other organic pollutants. This property makes them valuable in environmental remediation processes, where they can facilitate the removal of contaminants from soil and water. Additionally, rhamnolipids have shown potential in enhancing oil recovery from reservoirs in the petroleum industry.
Rhamnolipids also exhibit antimicrobial and antifungal activities, making them promising candidates for use in various applications, including agriculture, food preservation, and healthcare. Their ability to disrupt cell membranes and inhibit biofilm formation contributes to their efficacy against a wide range of microorganisms.
Furthermore, rhamnolipids have found applications in the cosmetic and personal care industries, where they can act as emulsifiers, foaming agents, and solubilizers. Their biodegradability and low toxicity make them attractive alternatives to synthetic surfactants in these products.
The production of rhamnolipids can be achieved through microbial fermentation processes using various carbon sources, including renewable resources like agricultural residues and waste materials. This sustainable production method aligns with the growing demand for eco-friendly and bio-based products in various sectors.
Despite their promising potential, the large-scale production and commercialization of rhamnolipids have been hindered by challenges related to cost-effective production processes and purification methods. Ongoing research efforts are focused on optimizing production strains, fermentation conditions, and downstream processing to overcome these challenges and facilitate the wider adoption of rhamnolipids in diverse applications.
PGPR in plant disease management and plant health .pptx
PGPR, or Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria, refer to a group of bacteria that colonize the rhizosphere (the area surrounding the roots) of plants and exert beneficial effects on plant growth and development. These beneficial bacteria play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture by promoting plant growth and enhancing plant health through various mechanisms.
One of the primary mechanisms by which PGPR promote plant growth is through the production of phytohormones, such as auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins. These hormones stimulate root growth, shoot elongation, and overall plant biomass production. Additionally, PGPR can solubilize phosphates and other essential nutrients, making them readily available for plant uptake, thereby enhancing nutrient acquisition and utilization.
PGPR also contribute to plant growth by producing siderophores, which are iron-chelating compounds that help plants acquire iron from the soil. Iron is an essential micronutrient for plants, and its deficiency can lead to chlorosis and stunted growth. By facilitating iron uptake, PGPR ensure proper plant development and overall vigor.
Another important mechanism by which PGPR benefit plants is through the production of various enzymes and metabolites that can suppress the growth of plant pathogens. These bacteria can produce antibiotics, hydrogen cyanide, and other compounds that inhibit the growth of phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, and nematodes, thereby protecting plants from diseases and improving their overall health.
PGPR can also induce systemic resistance in plants, a phenomenon known as induced systemic resistance (ISR). ISR is a physiological state of enhanced defensive capacity against a broad spectrum of pathogens and pests. PGPR trigger this response by interacting with plant receptors, leading to the activation of defense-related genes and the production of antimicrobial compounds, fortifying the plant's immune system.
Furthermore, PGPR can contribute to plant growth by producing enzymes that degrade organic matter, such as cellulose, lignin, and chitin, thereby releasing nutrients that can be taken up by plants. This process is particularly important in nutrient-poor soils, where the availability of essential nutrients may be limited.
The use of PGPR as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents in agriculture has gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential to reduce the reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which can have adverse environmental impacts. PGPR-based products are considered environmentally friendly and sustainable alternatives to conventional agricultural practices, promoting plant growth while minimizing the negative effects on soil health and ecosystems.
coffee rust and its management.pptx
Coffee rust, caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix, is a major threat to coffee crops worldwide. It starts with small yellow spots on leaves, growing to orange pustules underneath. These erupt, releasing spores that spread with wind and rain, infecting other leaves. Infected leaves turn brown, drop, and weaken the plant, leading to reduced yields and even death. This devastating disease has historically crippled coffee production in regions like Sri Lanka and Central America.
Commercial-Exploitation-of-RNA-Interference/Post-Transcriptional-Gene-Silenci...
Commercial-Exploitation-of-RNA-Interference/Post-Transcriptional-Gene-Silenci...Sathiya Aravindan Venkatesan
Silence the genes! Introducing RNA interference (RNAi): nature's built-in gene silencing superpower! This video unlocks the secrets of manipulating genes, from fighting diseases to creating super crops! Ouchterlony Double Immunodiffusion
Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony ID) is an immunological technique used to detect and identify antigens and antibodies. It is a type of gel immunodiffusion, in which both antigens and antibodies are allowed to diffuse into an agar or agarose gel. Where the two diffusion fronts meet, if any of the antibodies recognize any of the antigens, they will bind to the antigens and form an immune complex. The immune complex precipitates in the gel to give a thin white line (precipitin line), which is a visual signature of antigen recognition.
Ouchterlony ID is a simple and versatile technique that can be used to detect a wide variety of antigens and antibodies. It is often used to:
Detect the presence of antibodies in a serum sample
Identify the type of antibodies present in a serum sample
Quantify the amount of antibodies present in a serum sample
Compare the reactivity of different antibodies
Identify antigens in a sample
Determine the purity of an antigen preparation
Ouchterlony ID is a relatively sensitive technique, but it can be affected by a number of factors, such as the concentration of the antigens and antibodies, the pH of the gel, and the temperature at which the reaction is performed
Prepare the gel. Agar or agarose gel is typically used for Ouchterlony ID. The gel can be prepared by dissolving the powder in water and heating it until it is melted. Once the gel has melted, it should be cooled to room temperature before pouring it into a suitable container.
Make wells in the gel. Once the gel has cooled, wells should be made in the gel using a well-maker or a heated needle. The wells should be spaced evenly apart and should be of a size that is appropriate for the antigens and antibodies that will be used.
Add the antigens and antibodies to the wells. The antigens and antibodies should be added to the wells in separate wells. The concentration of the antigens and antibodies will vary depending on the specific application.
Allow the reaction to develop. The reaction should be allowed to develop for 24-48 hours at room temperature. During this time, the antigens and antibodies will diffuse into the gel and will form immune complexes.
Visualize the precipitates. Once the reaction has developed, the precipitates can be visualized by eye. The precipitates will appear as thin white lines in the gel.
Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion is a versatile and sensitive technique that can be used to detect and identify antigens and antibodies. It is a valuable tool for a variety of immunological applications.
PLASMID BORNE GENE EXPRESSION IN PROKARYOTES.pptx
Plasmids are small, circular pieces of DNA that can be found in prokaryotic cells. They can be naturally occurring or artificially created, and they can carry genes that are not found in the host cell's genome. Plasmids can be used to express genes in prokaryotes in a number of ways.
One way to express a plasmid-borne gene is to use a promoter. A promoter is a sequence of DNA that binds to RNA polymerase, the enzyme that initiates transcription. When RNA polymerase binds to a promoter, it begins to transcribe the gene, which produces a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The mRNA is then translated into a protein by ribosomes.
Another way to express a plasmid-borne gene is to use a transcription factor. A transcription factor is a protein that binds to a specific sequence of DNA and regulates the transcription of genes. When a transcription factor binds to a DNA sequence, it can either increase or decrease the rate of transcription of the gene.
Plasmid-borne gene expression can be used for a variety of purposes, including:
Producing proteins for research or industrial purposes
Engineering bacteria to produce new products or to perform new functions
Developing vaccines or other medical treatments
Plasmid-borne gene expression is a powerful tool that can be used to manipulate the genetic makeup of prokaryotic cells. This technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we produce food, develop new medicines, and protect the environment.
Here are some additional points about plasmid borne gene expression in prokaryotes:
The copy number of a plasmid can affect the level of gene expression.
The host cell's environment can also affect the level of gene expression.
Plasmids can be used to transfer genes between different prokaryotic cells.
Plasmids can be used to create new strains of bacteria with desired properties.
Rhamnolipids.pptx
Rhamnolipid is a class of glycolipid which is used for the control of the plant diseases. They are produced by various types of bacteria and fungi. Especially by Pseudomonas aeurginosa and some other species of Bacillus as secondary metabolic product. The rhamnolipds are either applied as purified form or they are mixed with the suitable carrier material and then are applied directly. They are known to control many fungal and the oomycetes diseases such as Downy mildew, Cercospora, Alternaria and Anthracnose diseases of various crops. They are known to suppress the zoospore and conidial germination. They are also known to inhibit the mycelial germination. They also activate the host natural defense mechanism by activating the innate signaling molecules such as Ca2+ ions influx, phosphorylation cascade and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) and thus they are activating intrinsic phytohormornes.
Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus.pptx
Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus was first reported by Kulkarni in the year 1924. It was recorded at Bombay and Srilanka simultaneously. This disease is caused by a ss-DNA virus belongs tot the family Geminiviridae and belongs to the genus Begomovirus
Boom and bust cycle-1.pptx
The gene for gene hypothesis was actually proposed by Henry Harold Flor in the year 1945 while working with the host-pathogen interaction between of Linum usitatissimum and Melampsora lini inciting linseed/flax rust
By this hypothesis for each gene controlling resistance in the plants there is a corresponding gene controlling pathogenicity (avirulence) in the pathogen
The resistance of the host is governed by the dominant genes(D)
The virulence of the pathogen is governed by recessive genes(d)
Rice blast and its integrated management.pptx
Rice is one of the most important staple food crops all over the world. Almost 98% of the world’s rice production is alone from the Asian subcontinent. China ranks first in the production and productivity of the paddy crop while India occupies the next spot. According to IIRR (Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad) nearly 40% of the total yield losses in paddy is caused alone only due to Paddy blast. This disease was first reported in China in 1637. Later it was reported on 1706 in Italy and there this was called as ‘Brusone’ disease as the affected fields looks like burnt appearance. This disease is also called as rich man’s disease and rice fever disease as it taking place in high temperature.
RUGOSE SPIRALING WHITEFLY.pptx
This Rugose spiraling whitefly (Aleurodicus rugioperculatus) was first reported in Miami in the Florida region by Martin. This spiraling whitefly is a polyphagus pests (affecting wide range of hosts). Worldwide the rugose spiraling whitefly is known to affect more than 45 hosts including the plant species from the family Moraceae, Rutaceae, Arecaceae Musaceae and some other commercially important crops. In India spiraling whitefly is known to affect hosts from 21 families. Commonly infected crops by rugose spiraling whitefly are Coconut, Arecanut, Papaya and Banana.
Citrus Canker - An overview
Citrus canker is a highly contagious bacterial disease that affects various citrus trees. The disease is caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, which can cause lesions on leaves, stems, and fruit, leading to defoliation, premature fruit drop, and reduced yields. Citrus canker can also weaken the tree, making it more vulnerable to other pests and diseases. The disease is commonly spread through wind-driven rain, as well as through human activities, such as pruning and harvesting, which can move infected plant material from tree to tree. Citrus canker is a serious threat to the citrus industry, and many countries have strict regulations in place to prevent its spread.
POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION - PCR.pptx
Steps involving in Polymerase Chain Reaction
IPCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a technique used in molecular biology to amplify a specific segment of DNA. It was first developed in 1983 by Kary Mullis and has since become a widely used method in many fields of research, including genetics, forensics, and medical diagnostics.
The PCR process involves three main steps: denaturation, annealing, and extension. In the denaturation step, the double-stranded DNA template is heated to separate the two strands. In the annealing step, primers that are specific to the target DNA sequence are added and allowed to bind to the single-stranded DNA template. In the extension step, a heat-stable DNA polymerase enzyme adds nucleotides to the primers, extending the new DNA strand.
By repeating these three steps multiple times, the original DNA sequence can be amplified exponentially, resulting in millions of copies of the target DNA sequence. PCR has many applications, including DNA sequencing, genotyping, gene expression analysis, and detection of infectious agents such as virus, fungi and bacteria
Plus de Sathiya Aravindan Venkatesan (13)
PGPR in plant disease management and plant health .pptx
PGPR in plant disease management and plant health .pptx
Commercial-Exploitation-of-RNA-Interference/Post-Transcriptional-Gene-Silenci...
Commercial-Exploitation-of-RNA-Interference/Post-Transcriptional-Gene-Silenci...
Dernier
Best Digital Marketing Institute In NOIDA
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama UniversityAkanksha trivedi rama nursing college kanpur.
Natural birth techniques are various type such as/ water birth , alexender method, hypnosis, bradley method, lamaze method etcA Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
What is the purpose of studying mathematics.pptx
Students often ask about what the purpose is for their learning. This PowerPoint highlights some really important reasons to study Mathematics.
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of other biological materials, Ownership and period of protection
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxMohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS Template 2023-2024 by: Irene S. Rueco
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of Labour
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit - NGV Pavilion Concept Design
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingExcellence Foundation for South Sudan
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Dernier (20)
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
Natural birth techniques - Mrs.Akanksha Trivedi Rama University
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Advantages and Disadvantages of CMS from an SEO Perspective
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of Labour
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of Labour
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
PGPR FINAL slideshare.pptx
- 2. Introduction Solanaceous vegetables Production and yield losses Nutritional values
- 3. Causal Factors and Infectivity in Damping Off Causal Factors and Infectivity in Damping Off 1 Causal Factors The infectivity of zoospores is a key factor in the lifecycle of damping off, leading to widespread damage in plantations. 2 Infectivity of Zoospores Zoospores play a significant role in the infectivity and spread of damping off, impacting the health of solanaceous vegetables. 3 Lifecycle Overview Understanding the lifecycle of zoospores is crucial for developing effective strategies to combat damping off in solanaceous vegetables.
- 4. PGPR Over Synthetic Chemicals for Damping Off Cont PGPR Bacillus offers a sustainable alternative to synthetic chemicals, specifically tailored for damping off control in solanaceous vegetables. Fluorescent pseudomonads represent a natural and environmentally conscious solution in combatting damping off, ensuring the health of solanaceous vegetables.
- 6. Source:AI World Application Methods of PGPR for Damping Off Control Soil Drenching Direct application of PGPR solutions to the soil effectively aids in damping off control, creating a healthier environment for solanaceous vegetables. Foliar Spray Foliar application of PGPR fosters systemic defense responses, bolstering solanaceous vegetable immunity against damping off. Seed Treatment Coating seeds with PGPR solutions offers preventive measures, shielding solanaceous vegetables from potential damping off infections from the early stages.
- 7. Benefits of PGPR for Damping Off Control Enhanced Plant Health Eco- Friendly Solution IMPROVED QUALITY OF PRODUCE
- 8. Symptoms of Damping off Pre emergence Post emergence
- 10. Isolation of PGPR Native isolates Bacillus sp. Pure culture Bacillus sp. Native isolates Fluorescent pseudomonas Pure culture Fluorescent pseudomonas
- 11. Thank You