4. Introduction to Automation
⚫Automation:
Automation or automatic control is the use of various
control systems for operating equipment such as machinery,
processes in factories, boilers and heat treating ovens, filling
system, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft and other
applications with minimal or reduced human intervention.
5. Introduction to Automation
Semi Automation
50% of job done Automatically
Fully Automation
100% of job done Automatically
Type of Automation
6. Introduction to Automation
• Mass production was popularized in 1910 and 1920’ by
Henry ford’s ford company.
• In 1947 automation was widely used, when general motor
Established automation department.
• In 1980 US car manufacturers came up with the vision of
“Light’s out” (Entire process could be left to robots)
History of Automation
7. Introduction to Automation
Why Automation ?
1. Manual mode of control
2. Hardwired control
(Electrical Machines) • More space
• complexity
• troubleshooting is difficult
• power consumption
• more loss
• Over all efficiency low
• Safety less
Disadvantages
8. Introduction to Automation
3. Electronic (PCBs, IC’s……)
• Small and compact
• Easy to handle
• Power consumption
is less
• Wire requirement is
less
• Troubleshooting is difficult
• Programming will be
difficult
• Can not withstand
industrial environment
• High complexity of circuits
• Low thermal handling
capacity
Advantages Disadvantages
9. Introduction to Automation
4. Programmable logic controller
• Small and compact
• Easy to handle
• Power consumption is less
• Wire requirement is less
• With stand with industry’s Rough
environment
• Higher thermal handling capacity
• Easy to program
• All logic, sequencing, timing,
counting, and arithmetic
operation can be done
• Troubleshooting is difficult
• costly device
• Trained person can only be
operate
• I/O limitations
Advantages Disadvantages
10. Automation
SEMI AUTOMATION
FULLY AUTOMATION
HOME AUTOMATION
INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION
PUBLIC AUTOMATION
BUILDING AUTOMATION
SCIENTIFIC AUTOMATION
ON THE BASIS OF FUNCTION ON THE BASIS OF APPLICATION
11. Introduction to Automation
Home Automation
• Automatic door
• Automatic lighting
• Automatic cooling
• Automatic locking
• Automatic surveillance system
• Automatic water tank control
etc.
12. Introduction to Automation
Industrial & Process Automation
• Water treatment
• Electric power management
• Filling system
• Conveyor system, Motor/valve control
• Assembly process in factories
Building Automation
• Car parking system
• Automatic door opening and closing
• Lift control
13. Introduction to Automation
Public transportation
• Track changer
• Train signal system
• Traffic signal
• Automatic Tollgate system
• Electrical Traction
• Ship Automation
14. Introduction to Automation
Scientific Automation
• Rocket launching system
• Satellite launching system
• Meteorological system
Robotic Automation
• Nuclear reactor control system
• Various Robotic Process
15. Introduction to Automation
Its use of various control systems like PLC for operating
equipment like machinery.
E.g. (Filling system)
Industrial Automation
16. Introduction to Automation
Advantage of Industrial automation
• Increased mass production
• Reduce human effort
• Increased precision
• Improved quality
• Increased accuracy
• Increased consistency output
17. Introduction to Automation
AUTOMATION TOOLS
PLC (Programmable logic controller)
SCADA( Supervisory control and data acquisition)
HMI (Human machine interface)
VFD ( Variable frequency drive)
DCS (Distributed control system)
RTU (Remote terminal unit)
18. Thank you!
If you have any query, please contact:
Mr. SANDEEP PHARSWAN
www.nielit.gov.in/haridwar
