PROJECT MANAGENT AND LEADERSHIP

1. PROJECT LEADERSHIP AND
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PRESENTED BY GROUP 6
WATIYANKHA HUWANI RASHID KATCHERE
TREVOR CHINSINGA FAITH MAKWAKWA
GEORGINA MITENGO INNOCENT CHITUTE
GOODLEISURE KATHINDWA

2. Introduction
Project Management is the process of planning, organizing, directing and controlling a project or
activity through the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques in order to meet the
needs and expectations of stakeholders.
Project Management is an art which combines different arts such as negotiation skills, effective
communication skills, leadership skills, time management skills, risk management skills and
critical thinking skills.
Effective project managers work to accomplish project goals and objectives in the shortest time
possible, at the lowest cost whilst rendering the highest quality.

3. A good project manager should meet the customer’s expectations quality, schedule, budget and
work within the organization policies, procedures, and resources and make use of leadership
skills, and human resources.
Project Leadership is the process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to
accomplish an organizational goal or mission. This is also referred to as the art and science of
steering a team towards the successful delivery of a project.
Project Leadership ensures that together, a team accomplishes more than they could as
individuals because project leadership brings people together to achieve a common goal.

4.  Project Leadership involves setting goals and objectives and generating enthusiasm and
motivation amongst the project team, subordinates and stakeholders, to work towards those
objectives.
 Project leaders give direction, communicate the vision and energize, inspire and motivate.
NOTE: Although leadership and management are often used interchangeably, they are not
the same thing or are always congruent in nature.

5. Similarities between Project Leadership and
Project Management
 Both project managers and project leaders have primary focus of improving the organisation.
They all allocate resources in a way they can be used efficiently. Their ultimate goal becomes to
maximise profit and establish a robust line of the firm.
They all set the companies strategies and future needs. This influences the work structure and
environment as they all focus their team to perform inline with the companies strategies and meet
the company’s future needs.
Both managers and leaders communicate policies and changes within the organisation. They
trickle down such information so that employees wok with understanding thereby ensuring
efficiency and effectiveness

6. The project manager position requires education and skill same with leadership. Not all skills
are inborn, some of the skills both need are to be learned. For example analytical skills,
budgeting and controlling.
Both leaders and managers work with people on a daily basis. This involves being ahead of
people and determining the way forward. Everyone under them work according to the heads’
spirit.
Both, leaders and managers are anxious with goal achievement. They all work towards a
specific set vision. This makes both of them to be involved in day to day activities of the
organisation.

7. Differences between Project Leadership and
Project Management
Project managers are project-centric while project leaders are people centric. Project managers,
they are responsible for the tactics that create the end result which is a successful project. Project
leaders focus on managing the project while inspiring those who work around them to create their
vision.
Project managers are analytic and detailed in their work. They coordinate and keep the team
organized, preventing potential risks and bottlenecks. On the contrary, project leaders focus on the
big picture. Their goal is to create a vision around the project to provide team members with a
sense of purpose and motivation and to influence their performance to achieve success.

8. Project managers have an outline for what they need to do. They manage the budget, staffing
and responsibilities of team members to ensure deadlines are met. While project leaders also
manage the team’s effectiveness but their strategy is to motivate and help generate new ideas to
achieve goals.
Project managers are results-oriented while project leaders work to learn. The primary goal of
the project manager is to finish the project within the allotted time and under the stated budget.
Project leaders also want those goals, but identify ways to adapt their style of management to
their teams. They strive to identify ways to increase team efficiencies and therefore set
ambitious team goals.

9. Project managers are focused on coordinating the project, they exercise their control through
formal power. Project leaders, on the other hand, motivate their followers through their vision
for that project and the vision guides the rest of the employees in what they should do and how
they should do it.
Managers achieve behavior change and desired outcomes through exchanges. For example
exchanging an employees behavior with their salary. While leaders achieve behavior change
and outcomes through inspiration, the employees are motivated to behave in the ways they do.
Management deals with intangibles such as how to do work in contrast leadership operates on
the level of intangibles such as establishing values and creating social world in which mutual
purposes are co-created.

10. Major Project Leadership Approaches
TRAIT THEORIES
The Trait Approach is the first leadership theory and it is also called the psychological approach.
The trait approach had the belief that leaders are born and not made and that there are
certain qualities that are limited to only leaders which constitute the distinguishing factors
between the leader and others. It emphasizes that they are innate qualities and characteristics
needed for being a great leader.
The approach conceives that these leadership traits: knowledge, flexibility of mind, will-
power, integrity, physical and emotion stamina are present in all leaders.

11. There are some weaknesses of trait theory, which include:
1. List of traits usually do not indicate which ones are most or lesser important.
2. Trait studies do not distinguish between trait that are needed for acquiring leadership and
those that are necessary for maintaining leadership position.
3. Trait theories are based on debatable assumptions regarding personality.
Trait theories has also failed to consider the influence of situational factors which are the
social, cultural and physical environment that play complex role in the development and
existence of a leader.

12. BEHAVIORALAPPROACH
 This approach sees that it is important that leaders make relevant efforts to introduce measures
and behavior that promotes friendship, report mutual trust, respect and warmth between himself
and the staff. Professional leaders are evaluated according to the criteria developed by the
behavior leadership theory.
It encourages leaders to be self aware of their behavior and recognize how it affects the
productivity and the morale of the team
The theory promotes that all leaders are capable of learning and developing through adopting
beneficial behaviors and implementing them at their workplace

13. A leader has to be passive, one does not need to be a leader by virtue of trace or being able to
interact with the social system .
This is because leadership is the possession or the interaction of personality and the social
environment.
It is important to point out that administrators are appointed based on the qualifications and
length of service.

14. SITUATIONALAPPROACH
 The situational approach believes that leadership is a function of a social situation, in which
there is interaction between the leader and the subordinate.
 Therefore, leadership is a combination of personality and social system in interaction. Any
group is a system of interaction in which every member is assigned a role within the system.
This role expresses their interactions with other members.
 Leadership cannot have impact if it is not in interaction with the environment. Leaders in
different situations may exhibits dissimilar characteristics and that their success in one situation
may not be observed in another.

15.  The Situational Approach is one of the most used theory in organizational leadership training
and development. Since it focuses on leadership in situations, the leader must adapt his/her
leadership style to the development level of subordinates; their competence and commitment
level.
 Situational leadership determines what leadership style to use in any given situation. A leader
should adapt his or her leadership style not only to the business context and project situation but
also to the needs of the team.
These approaches to leadership are also called contingency theories.

16. Weakness of Situation Approach
 It focuses more on immediate needs than long-term needs.
Situational leadership is based more on meeting an exact need, at the moment, instead of
staying focused on the overall long-term objectives.
 Situational managers to fall into a trap where they are evaluating or responding to an
immediate circumstance all the time. This makes fires and morale to be put out and also creates
issues where personal development can be stalled.
 It can be affected by maturity. Some people who are emotionally mature are not always
mature in their job responsibilities. As a leader you have to consider emotional maturity of the
worker, as well as the job maturity which comes from employee experience.

17. It can be ineffective in task-orientated environments.
Where tasks must be completed in specific ways, managers find themselves in a position to be
disadvantageous in many circumstances.
Being asked to follow a particular set of rules, policies, or regulations makes them inflexible
as their strengths are taken away from them. They’re forced to be more in a telling space than a
listening space.
It is based on the skill level of the leader. If this skill set has not been fully developed for the
leader, then their responses will not be as effective. In some situations, the situational leader
may do more harm than good because they misread the situation, formulating an answer that is
inappropriate.

18. Link between Project Leadership and Project
Management
The link between project management and project leadership makes many corporate executives
use the terms “leadership” and “management” interchangeably, as they are synonyms.
The success of a project depends on the input and skills of both a project manager and a project
leader. A manager’s role is essential to a company’s survival while the role of a leader is guiding
the direction of project.
Management is about the tactics, whilst leadership is about innovation.
Project leadership and project management serve different needs in a project environment.

19. Good project managers do things right, while good project leaders do the right things.
To ensure successful delivery of projects there is a need of integration of both essential project
management and strong project leadership skills. The crucial part become to find the right
balance of both art and science to handle strategic initiatives within a project.
Project leaders must set the vision and remove obstacles to provide a clear path to success by
using the strengths of the team to successfully deliver, yet balancing the needs of executive
sponsors and stakeholders. Project managers must ensure there is a plan and focus on priorities
that need to get done, as well as aligning the proper governance and oversight vision that was
create by the project leader.

20. Projects often fall short in achieving their anticipated result, not due to lack of project
management, but rather from a lack of project leadership. Because project success is a direct
reflection of the project manager that also has the responsibility to lead.
I quote. “If you want to build a ship, don’t drum up the men to gather wood. Divide the work
and give the orders. Instead teach them to yearn for the vast and endless sea.” Antoine de Saint-
Exupery.

21. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION