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Tesla Battery Day presentation
- 1. S E P T E M B E R 2 2 , 2 0 2 0
- 2. The Past 5 Years Were The 5 Hottest On Record 400 150 350 300 250 200 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 TODAY CO2 CONCENTRATION (PPM) THOUSANDS OF YEARS AGO 425 375 325 275 225 175
- 3. The Trend Is Reversing But We Need To Accelerate Wind and solar comprise 76% of new electricity capacity in the U.S. this year: 32 GW. In 2010 46% of electricity in the U.S. was generated with coal. Today, that number is half. SOURCE: EIA.GOV
- 4. 1+ MILLION ELECTRIC VEHICLES DELIVERED 5 GWh OF STATIONARY BATTERIES 26 BILLION ELECTRIC MILES DRIVEN 17 TWh OF SOLAR GENERATED Tesla’s Contribution
- 5. To achieve the transition to sustainable energy, we must produce more affordable EVs and Energy Storage, while building factories faster and with far less investment
- 6. 100% ELECTRIC TRANSPORTATION REQUIRES 100X GROWTH PICKUP TRUCK IN 2019 3500 GWh 1500 GWh 1100 GWh 900 GWh 3000 GWh COMPACT / MIDSIZE SMALL / ROBOTAXI LUXURY & SUV SEMI & COMMERCIAL 10 TWh 0.1 TWh Goal One: Terawatt-hour Scale Battery Production SOURCE: EV-VOLUMES.COM
- 7. Goal One: Terawatt-hour Scale Battery Production OIL HEATING 1400 GWh 2300 GWh 800 GWh 2100 GWh 1900 GWh COAL HEATING NON RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY GAS HEATING FUTURE EV 1500 GWh FUTURE GROWTH 100% RENEWABLE ENERGY REQUIRES 1600X GROWTH IN 2019 10 TWh 0.006 TWh SOURCE: IHS
- 8. TWh 0.15 GIGAFACTORY 1 = Goal One Problem: Today’s Battery Factories Cannot Scale Fast Enough INVESTMENT IN MATERIALS, CELL, AND BATTERY MANUFACTURING $2T TOTAL PEOPLE ESTIMATED 2.8M
- 9. TWh 0.15 GIGAFACTORY 1 = Goal One Problem: Today’s Battery Factories Cannot Scale Fast Enough INVESTMENT IN MATERIALS, CELL, AND BATTERY MANUFACTURING $2T TOTAL PEOPLE ESTIMATED 2.8M TWh 20 GIGAFACTORIES 135 =
- 10. FORECAST $/kWh Goal Two: More Affordable Cells 0 2012 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2023 2025 2013 INDUSTRY TREND 2024 2021 2022
- 11. Goal Two Problem: EV Market Share Is Growing But EVs Still Aren’t Accessible To All 0.0% 0.2% 0.4% 0.6% 0.8% 1.0% 1.2% 1.4% 1.6% 1.8% 2.0% 2019 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2016 2018 2009 2017 2015 EV MARKET SHARE SOURCE: EV-VOLUMES.COM / OICA
- 12. To Make The Best Cars In The World, We Design Vehicles And Factories From The Ground Up
- 13. And Now We Do This For Batteries As Well
- 14. BATTERY DAY
- 15. We Have A Plan To Halve The Cost Per KWh CELL DESIGN CELL FACTORY ANODE MATERIALS CATHODE MATERIALS CELL VEHICLE INTEGRATION
- 16. CELL DESIGN CELL FACTORY ANODE MATERIALS CATHODE MATERIALS CELL VEHICLE INTEGRATION
- 24. Bigger Cylindrical Cells Cost Less 61 31 36 41 46 51 56 26 21 CELL OUTER DIAMETER MM IMPROVEMENT NEW CELL COST REDUCTION VEHICLE RANGE 0% 20% 15% 10% 5%
- 25. The Challenge With Big Cells Is Supercharging NEW CELL CELL OUTER DIAMETER MM SUPERCHARGE TIME INCREASE 0 61 31 36 41 46 51 56 26 21
- 26. The Challenge With Big Cells Is Supercharging NEW CELL CELL OUTER DIAMETER MM SUPERCHARGE TIME INCREASE 0 61 31 36 41 46 51 56 26 21
- 27. SIMPLER MANUFACTURING FEWER PARTS 5X REDUCTION IN ELECTRICAL PATH
- 29. CELL FACTORY ANODE MATERIALS CATHODE MATERIALS CELL VEHICLE INTEGRATION 14% 14% $/KWH REDUCTION
- 31. ELECTRODE WINDING ASSEMBLY FORMATION
- 32. Electrode – Wet Process 1 MIX 4 COMPRESS 2 & 3 COAT & DRY SOLVENT RECOVERY
- 33. Powder Into Film LAB SCALE POWDER INTO FILM
- 34. Dry Electrode 1 MIX 2 DRY COAT ENERGY REDUCTION 10x 10x FOOTPRINT REDUCTION
- 36. ASSEMBLY LINE 1 GWh 20 LINE OUTPUT 7x High-Speed Continuous Motion Assembly
- 37. TESLA POWER ELECTRONICS FORMATION INVESTMENT -86% FORMATION FOOTPRINT -75% Tesla Power Electronics
- 38. 2018 GIGAFACTORY TERAFACTORY 150 GWh 1 TWh INVESTMENT PER GWH -75% SMALLER FOOTPRINT PER GWH 10x SIMPLER ACCELERATES TWH SCALE
- 39. The Plan IN 2022 100 GWh BY 2030 3 TWh
- 40. ANODE MATERIALS CATHODE MATERIALS CELL VEHICLE INTEGRATION 18% 32% $/KWH REDUCTION 14%
- 41. Silicon Is Awesome And Inexpensive MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT IN EARTH’S CRUST AFTER OXYGEN STORES 9X MORE LITHIUM THAN GRAPHITE
- 42. Challenge: Volume Expansion 4X VOLUME EXPANSION MANY CYCLES MANY CYCLES ELECTRICAL ISOLATION -Li+ MANY CYCLES THICK SEI LAYER BROKEN SEI LAYER SEI LAYER
- 43. Current Approaches To Silicon Are Highly Engineered Expensive Materials 6.6 $/KWh SILICON STRUCTURED IN SIO GLASS 10.2 $/KWh SILICON STRUCTURED IN GRAPHITE >100 $/KWh SILICON NANOWIRES 1.2 $/KWh TESLA SILICON
- 44. Instead, We Design For Expansion And Use Raw Silicon To Increase Range 20% THROUGH ELASTIC, ION-CONDUCTING POLYMER COATING STABILIZE SURFACE ROBUST NETWORK HIGHLY ELASTIC BINDER + ELECTRODE DESIGN RAW METALLURGICAL SILICON
- 45. CATHODE MATERIALS CELL VEHICLE INTEGRATION 14% 18% 5% 37% $/KWH REDUCTION
- 46. What Is A Battery Cathode? CATHODES ARE LIKE BOOKSHELVES METAL COST MATTERS $/kWh METALS 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 1400 400 600 800 1000 1200 200 Wh/kg IRON NICKEL COBALT LITHIUM NICKEL / COBALT MANGANESE / ALUMINUM
- 47. High Nickel Cathode Development MAXIMIZE NICKEL, REMOVE COBALT NOVEL COATINGS & DOPANTS 15% REDUCTION IN CATHODE $/KWh
- 48. Diversified Cathode Approach MEGAPACK LONG CYCLE LIFE LONG RANGE MASS SENSITIVE IRON BASED NICKEL + MANGANESE HIGH NICKEL
- 49. The Cathode Manufacturing Processing Is A Big Target NICKEL CATHODE COST BREAKDOWN LITHIUM COBALT PROCESSING 5% 35% 25% 35%
- 50. Traditional Cathode Process METAL SULFATE PRODUCTION RAW MATERIALS INPUT CATHODE PRODUCTION FINAL PRODUCT METAL METAL SULFATE SULPHURIC ACID WATER MORE CHEMICALS A BUNCH OF STUFF HAPPENS CATHODE WASTE WATER + BYPRODUCTS
- 51. Tesla Cathode METAL SULFATE PRODUCTION RAW MATERIALS INPUT CATHODE PRODUCTION FINAL PRODUCT METAL METAL SULPHURIC ACID WATER MORE CHEMICAL LESS STUFF HAPPENS CATHODE WASTE WATER + BYPRODUCTS WATER
- 53. Directly Consuming Nickel Powder Simplifies Metal Refining & Recycling ELIMINATES BILLIONS IN BATTERY GRADE NICKEL PRODUCTION SUSTAINABLY MINED/SOURCED ORES OPTIMIZED REFINING RECYCLED BATTERIES
- 54. North American Cathode Production BUILD PLANT SHORTEN TRAVEL DISTANCE KG x KM 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 Localized Supply Chain Status Quo NICKEL POWDER Li SPODUMENE LiOH-H2O CATHODE Li Ni Li Li Ni LITHIUM CLAYS TESLA CATHODE
- 55. COLOCATE LITHIUM CONVERSION Li Ni Li Li Ni LITHIUM CLAYS North American Lithium Production SULFATE-FREE PROCESS 33% ELECTRIC FACILITY 100% REDUCTION IN LITHIUM COST TESLA CATHODE TESLA LITHIUM
- 56. Access Even More Lithium SIGNIFICANT UNTAPPED LITHIUM IN CLAY TESLA ACID-FREE, SALINE EXTRACTION TESLA SECURED TWH-SCALE RESOURCE ENOUGH LITHIUM IN NEVADA TO ELECTRIFY THE ENTIRE U.S. FLEET
- 57. Recycling Elements From Cells Is Far More Desirable Than From Raw Ores SOURCE NICKEL LITHIUM COBALT RECYCLED CELLS 20% 2.7% 2% TYPICAL ORES 1.2% 0.7% 0.2%
- 58. Recycling Resource Is 10+ Years Delayed EV BATTERY PRODUCTION 50% CAGR TWh / YEAR – BATTERY SALES 0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 2012 2011 2014 2013 2016 2015 2018 2017 2020 2019 2022 2021 2024 2023 2025 IN 2025, BATTERIES AVAILABLE FOR RECYCLING
- 60. MODEL Y GIGA CASTING REAR UNDERBODY COST SAVINGS 40% PARTS PER CAR -79
- 61. Giga Casting Innovations SHOT SIZE ∝ VELOCITY ∝ PRESSURE ∝ TONNAGE NEW ALLOY, NO HEAT TREATING OR COATINGS
- 62. Structural Fuel Tanks Improve Mass And Range EARLY AIRCRAFT WING MODERN AIRCRAFT WING STORAGE EXCESS STRUCTURE STORAGE
- 63. Structural Batteries Improve Mass And Range MODERN AUTOMOTIVE BATTERY FUTURE AUTOMOTIVE BATTERY STORAGE EXCESS STRUCTURE STORAGE
- 64. Revolution In Body + Battery Engineering 370 FEWER PARTS 14% RANGE INCREASE OPPORTUNITY 10% MASS REDUCTION
- 65. 55% REDUCTION IN INVESTMENT PER GWH 35% REDUCTION IN FLOORSPACE Simpler, Smaller, Integrated Battery + Body Factory Of The Future CURRENT FUTURE
- 67. Stacking Up The Benefits Of Tesla’s Vertical Integration RANGE INCREASE $ / KWH REDUCTION INVESTMENT PER GWH REDUCTION 54% 16% 20% 4% 14% CELL DESIGN ANODE MATERIAL CATHODE MATERIAL CELL VEHICLE INTEGRATION 14% 18% 7% CELL DESIGN CATHODE MATERIAL CELL VEHICLE INTEGRATION CELL FACTORY ANODE MATERIAL 12% 5% 56% 7% CELL DESIGN 34% 4% 16% 8% 69% CATHODE MATERIAL CELL VEHICLE INTEGRATION CELL FACTORY ANODE MATERIAL
- 68. A New Trajectory TESLA FORECAST INDUSTRY TREND $/kWh 0 2012 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2023 2025 2013 2024 2021 2022
- 69. Help Us Accelerate The Transition MINERS AND REFINERS RAW MATERIAL MANUFACTURERS CELL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS NEW AND EXISTING CELL SUPPLIERS
- 70. What Does This Mean For Our Future Products?
- 71. Electric Vehicle Powertrains That Cost Less Than Combustion Engines $25,000 PASSENGER CAR
- 72. AND Extreme Performance and Range
- 73. 0-60 MPH <2 sec TOP SPEED 200 mph 1/4 MILE <9 sec HORSEPOWER >1100 RANGE <520 mi LAGUNA SECA 1.30.3
- 74. FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS Certain statements in this presentation, including statements regarding future products and technologies, expected features and performance of products, manufacturing expansion, cost reductions, and availability of raw materials, are forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s current expectations. Various important factors could cause actual results to differ materially, such as the risks identified in our SEC filings, including under the sections captioned “Risk Factors” in our Forms 10-K and 10-Q. Tesla disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statement contained in this presentation.