pelvis, also called bony pelvis or pelvic girdle, in human anatomy, basin-shaped complex of bones that connects the trunk and the legs, supports
The two pelvic bones are connected anteriorly by the pubic symphysis, while posteriorly they articulate with the pelvic spine to form the sacroiliac joints. The pelvis plays several important functions in the human body.
The joints of the pelvis include the sacrococcygeal, lumbosacral, pubic symphysis, and the sacroiliac.
The pelvic girdle is a ring-like bony structure, located in the lower part of the trunk. It connects the axial skeleton to the lower limbs.
The pelvic joints are also held together by various ligaments which include the sacrotuberous, sacrospinous, and iliolumbar
Knee joint: The knee joint has three parts. The thigh bone (the femur) meets the large shin bone (the tibia) to form the main knee joint. This joint has an inner (medial) and an outer (lateral) compartment. The kneecap (the patella) joins the femur to form a third joint, called the patellofemoral joint.
Articulatio cubiti/Elbow joint
Noun. 1. articulatio cubiti - hinge joint between the forearm and upper arm and the corresponding joint in the forelimb of a quadruped. cubital joint, cubitus, elbow, elbow joint, human elbow. musculus articularis cubiti - a small branch of the triceps that inserts into the capsule of the elbow joint.
Connections of ribs. Shoulder girdle and shoulder joint.pptxHenanKhan1
This document lists two anatomical terms: Art. Sternoclaviculare and Art. Capitis costae. Art. Sternoclaviculare refers to the sternoclavicular joint, where the clavicle meets the sternum. Art. Capitis costae refers to the costocapitular joint, where the rib meets the vertebra.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help alleviate symptoms of mental illness and boost overall mental well-being.
La Unión Europea ha acordado un paquete de sanciones contra Rusia por su invasión de Ucrania. Las sanciones incluyen restricciones a los bancos rusos, la prohibición de exportaciones de alta tecnología a Rusia y la congelación de activos de oligarcas rusos. Los líderes de la UE esperan que las sanciones aumenten la presión económica sobre Rusia y la disuadan de continuar su agresión contra Ucrania.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
General data about structure of the cranial bones..pptxHenanKhan1
The cranial bones are made up of the occipital, parietal, and frontal bones. The occipital bone forms the back and base of the skull. The parietal bones form the sides and roof of the skull. The frontal bone forms the forehead area and part of the cranial vault.
pelvis, also called bony pelvis or pelvic girdle, in human anatomy, basin-shaped complex of bones that connects the trunk and the legs, supports
The two pelvic bones are connected anteriorly by the pubic symphysis, while posteriorly they articulate with the pelvic spine to form the sacroiliac joints. The pelvis plays several important functions in the human body.
The joints of the pelvis include the sacrococcygeal, lumbosacral, pubic symphysis, and the sacroiliac.
The pelvic girdle is a ring-like bony structure, located in the lower part of the trunk. It connects the axial skeleton to the lower limbs.
The pelvic joints are also held together by various ligaments which include the sacrotuberous, sacrospinous, and iliolumbar
Knee joint: The knee joint has three parts. The thigh bone (the femur) meets the large shin bone (the tibia) to form the main knee joint. This joint has an inner (medial) and an outer (lateral) compartment. The kneecap (the patella) joins the femur to form a third joint, called the patellofemoral joint.
Articulatio cubiti/Elbow joint
Noun. 1. articulatio cubiti - hinge joint between the forearm and upper arm and the corresponding joint in the forelimb of a quadruped. cubital joint, cubitus, elbow, elbow joint, human elbow. musculus articularis cubiti - a small branch of the triceps that inserts into the capsule of the elbow joint.
Connections of ribs. Shoulder girdle and shoulder joint.pptxHenanKhan1
This document lists two anatomical terms: Art. Sternoclaviculare and Art. Capitis costae. Art. Sternoclaviculare refers to the sternoclavicular joint, where the clavicle meets the sternum. Art. Capitis costae refers to the costocapitular joint, where the rib meets the vertebra.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help alleviate symptoms of mental illness and boost overall mental well-being.
La Unión Europea ha acordado un paquete de sanciones contra Rusia por su invasión de Ucrania. Las sanciones incluyen restricciones a los bancos rusos, la prohibición de exportaciones de alta tecnología a Rusia y la congelación de activos de oligarcas rusos. Los líderes de la UE esperan que las sanciones aumenten la presión económica sobre Rusia y la disuadan de continuar su agresión contra Ucrania.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
General data about structure of the cranial bones..pptxHenanKhan1
The cranial bones are made up of the occipital, parietal, and frontal bones. The occipital bone forms the back and base of the skull. The parietal bones form the sides and roof of the skull. The frontal bone forms the forehead area and part of the cranial vault.
The document discusses the five declensions of nouns in Latin and the structure of anatomical terms formed from combinations of nouns. It covers the gender, number, case, declension, stem, and dictionary form of Latin nouns. It also explains that anatomical terms are typically formed from a noun in the nominative case followed by a noun in the genitive case, such as "corpus vertebrae" meaning "body of the vertebra." Examples of Latin nouns, their declensions, and anatomical terms are provided.
Bones of leg and foot. X-rays image of skeleton..pptxHenanKhan1
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The free part of the upper limb is divided into three parts: the shoulder, forearm, and hand. The shoulder is also called the brachium, the forearm is called the antebrachium, and the hand is called the manus.
BIOETHICAL PROBLEMS RELATED TO ASSESSMENT OF ARTIFICIAL ABORTIONHenanKhan1
This document discusses the ethical, social, and legal issues surrounding artificial abortion. It begins by defining ethics as dealing with human values and conduct, and defines abortion as ending a pregnancy prematurely. It then notes that abortion is still used widely as family planning but creates religious and ideological divisions. Approximately 44 million abortions occur worldwide each year, with 26 million where it is legal. The document then outlines the laws around abortion in India and the US, noting it is legal in India up to 20 weeks under certain conditions, and in the US since 1973 under Roe v. Wade though states can impose some restrictions. It concludes by mentioning some of the legal arguments around abortion related to right to life, Supreme Court decisions, and definitions of
The superficial compartment of the flexor surface of the forearm contains the pronator teres, the flexor carpi radialis longus, the palmaris longus, the flexor carpi ulnaris, and the flexor digitorum superficialis. All of these muscles originate primarily from the medial epicondyle of the humerus.
The shoulder girdle or pectoral girdle is the set of bones in the appendicular skeleton which connects to the arm on each side. In humans it consists of the clavicle and scapula; in those species with three bones in the shoulder, it consists of the clavicle, scapula, and coracoid.
Your abdominal muscles have many important functions, from holding organs in place to supporting your body during movement. There are five main muscles: pyramidalis, rectus abdominus, external obliques, internal obliques, and transversus abdominis. Ab strains and hernias are common, but several strategies can keep your abs safe and healthy
The diaphragm is a muscle that helps you inhale and exhale (breathe in and out). This thin, dome-shaped muscle sits below your lungs and heart. It's attached to your sternum (a bone in the middle of your chest), the bottom of your rib cage and your spine.
When talking about muscles of the wrist, you are essentially referring to muscles that originate and are mostly located in the forearm. Typically the muscle belly is located in the forearm and a long tendon crosses the wrist joint and attaches to a bone in the hand which allows for the wrist movements. There are 4 movements that the wrist can make: flexion, extension, radial deviation, and ulnar deviation. The forearm/wrist/hand can also rotate in pronation and supination movements.
Nano-gold for Cancer Therapy chemistry investigatory projectSIVAVINAYAKPK
chemistry investigatory project
The development of nanogold-based cancer therapy could revolutionize oncology by providing a more targeted, less invasive treatment option. This project contributes to the growing body of research aimed at harnessing nanotechnology for medical applications, paving the way for future clinical trials and potential commercial applications.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the need for innovative treatment methods. Nanotechnology offers promising new approaches, including the use of gold nanoparticles (nanogold) for targeted cancer therapy. Nanogold particles possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy.
Giloy in Ayurveda - Classical Categorization and SynonymsPlanet Ayurveda
Giloy, also known as Guduchi or Amrita in classical Ayurvedic texts, is a revered herb renowned for its myriad health benefits. It is categorized as a Rasayana, meaning it has rejuvenating properties that enhance vitality and longevity. Giloy is celebrated for its ability to boost the immune system, detoxify the body, and promote overall wellness. Its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties make it a staple in managing conditions like fever, diabetes, and stress. The versatility and efficacy of Giloy in supporting health naturally highlight its importance in Ayurveda. At Planet Ayurveda, we provide a comprehensive range of health services and 100% herbal supplements that harness the power of natural ingredients like Giloy. Our products are globally available and affordable, ensuring that everyone can benefit from the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. If you or your loved ones are dealing with health issues, contact Planet Ayurveda at 01725214040 to book an online video consultation with our professional doctors. Let us help you achieve optimal health and wellness naturally.
The document discusses the five declensions of nouns in Latin and the structure of anatomical terms formed from combinations of nouns. It covers the gender, number, case, declension, stem, and dictionary form of Latin nouns. It also explains that anatomical terms are typically formed from a noun in the nominative case followed by a noun in the genitive case, such as "corpus vertebrae" meaning "body of the vertebra." Examples of Latin nouns, their declensions, and anatomical terms are provided.
Bones of leg and foot. X-rays image of skeleton..pptxHenanKhan1
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The free part of the upper limb is divided into three parts: the shoulder, forearm, and hand. The shoulder is also called the brachium, the forearm is called the antebrachium, and the hand is called the manus.
BIOETHICAL PROBLEMS RELATED TO ASSESSMENT OF ARTIFICIAL ABORTIONHenanKhan1
This document discusses the ethical, social, and legal issues surrounding artificial abortion. It begins by defining ethics as dealing with human values and conduct, and defines abortion as ending a pregnancy prematurely. It then notes that abortion is still used widely as family planning but creates religious and ideological divisions. Approximately 44 million abortions occur worldwide each year, with 26 million where it is legal. The document then outlines the laws around abortion in India and the US, noting it is legal in India up to 20 weeks under certain conditions, and in the US since 1973 under Roe v. Wade though states can impose some restrictions. It concludes by mentioning some of the legal arguments around abortion related to right to life, Supreme Court decisions, and definitions of
The superficial compartment of the flexor surface of the forearm contains the pronator teres, the flexor carpi radialis longus, the palmaris longus, the flexor carpi ulnaris, and the flexor digitorum superficialis. All of these muscles originate primarily from the medial epicondyle of the humerus.
The shoulder girdle or pectoral girdle is the set of bones in the appendicular skeleton which connects to the arm on each side. In humans it consists of the clavicle and scapula; in those species with three bones in the shoulder, it consists of the clavicle, scapula, and coracoid.
Your abdominal muscles have many important functions, from holding organs in place to supporting your body during movement. There are five main muscles: pyramidalis, rectus abdominus, external obliques, internal obliques, and transversus abdominis. Ab strains and hernias are common, but several strategies can keep your abs safe and healthy
The diaphragm is a muscle that helps you inhale and exhale (breathe in and out). This thin, dome-shaped muscle sits below your lungs and heart. It's attached to your sternum (a bone in the middle of your chest), the bottom of your rib cage and your spine.
When talking about muscles of the wrist, you are essentially referring to muscles that originate and are mostly located in the forearm. Typically the muscle belly is located in the forearm and a long tendon crosses the wrist joint and attaches to a bone in the hand which allows for the wrist movements. There are 4 movements that the wrist can make: flexion, extension, radial deviation, and ulnar deviation. The forearm/wrist/hand can also rotate in pronation and supination movements.
Nano-gold for Cancer Therapy chemistry investigatory projectSIVAVINAYAKPK
chemistry investigatory project
The development of nanogold-based cancer therapy could revolutionize oncology by providing a more targeted, less invasive treatment option. This project contributes to the growing body of research aimed at harnessing nanotechnology for medical applications, paving the way for future clinical trials and potential commercial applications.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the need for innovative treatment methods. Nanotechnology offers promising new approaches, including the use of gold nanoparticles (nanogold) for targeted cancer therapy. Nanogold particles possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy.
Giloy in Ayurveda - Classical Categorization and SynonymsPlanet Ayurveda
Giloy, also known as Guduchi or Amrita in classical Ayurvedic texts, is a revered herb renowned for its myriad health benefits. It is categorized as a Rasayana, meaning it has rejuvenating properties that enhance vitality and longevity. Giloy is celebrated for its ability to boost the immune system, detoxify the body, and promote overall wellness. Its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties make it a staple in managing conditions like fever, diabetes, and stress. The versatility and efficacy of Giloy in supporting health naturally highlight its importance in Ayurveda. At Planet Ayurveda, we provide a comprehensive range of health services and 100% herbal supplements that harness the power of natural ingredients like Giloy. Our products are globally available and affordable, ensuring that everyone can benefit from the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. If you or your loved ones are dealing with health issues, contact Planet Ayurveda at 01725214040 to book an online video consultation with our professional doctors. Let us help you achieve optimal health and wellness naturally.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapyDr. Sumit KUMAR
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s PerspectiveGolden Helix
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International TravelersNX Healthcare
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk