Wearables are small electronic devices, often comprising one or more sensors and having computational capability. Devices such as wrist watches, pens, and glasses with installed cameras are now available at cheap prices for user to purchase to monitor or securing themselves. The Nigerian state at this period is faced with a lot of kidnapping activities in schools, homes and abduction for the purpose of ransomed collection and other illegal activities necessitate these reviews. The success of the wearable technology in medical uses prompted the research into application into security uses. The method of research is the use of case studies and literature search. This paper takes a look at the possible applications of the wearable technology to combat the cases of abduction and kidnapping in Nigeria.
This document discusses the growing dependency of individuals and organizations on cyberspace and the associated risks. It provides historical context on the evolution of the internet from ARPANET. Key points covered include:
- Individuals and organizations have become increasingly reliant on cyberspace for daily activities, work operations, and digital transformation, leaving them vulnerable to cyber threats.
- Emerging areas of focus for cybersecurity are the internet of things and how hackers can access systems through connected devices, as well as exploiting personal devices with stored data.
- Common cyber risks discussed are viruses, service disruptions, phishing, SQL injection attacks, and password attacks. Stricter laws have been implemented in some countries like the
SMART HEALTH AND Internet of Things (IoT) - RESEARCH OpportunitiesTauseef Naquishbandi
The technologies and solutions that enable integration of real world data and services into the current information networking technologies are often described under the umbrella term of the Internet of Things (IoT)”
Nigeria has drafted a cybersecurity policy framework to improve cybersecurity, but it has not yet been implemented. The framework outlines several key components including establishing accountability for cybersecurity positions, coordinating national cybersecurity efforts through a response committee, and creating a cybersecurity excellence center. It also aims to strengthen cybersecurity legislation, improve education and awareness, foster collaboration between public and private sectors, and increase cybersecurity training. However, the framework needs to be executed and gaps remain in educating the public and developing a culture of cybersecurity.
The document discusses security considerations for higher education regarding the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as physical objects embedded with electronics, software and sensors that can collect and exchange data. It notes that IoT includes many devices on college campuses and its usage is growing rapidly. However, IoT also poses security risks like vulnerabilities in unpatched devices, lack of access controls, and difficulty in device management at scale. The document recommends accommodating IoT with existing security practices and planning for its growth. It also stresses strengthening partnerships to help secure IoT technologies.
This document discusses IoT security. It begins with an overview of how IoT started and expanded with the growth of the internet. It then defines IoT as physical devices connected to the internet that can collect and exchange data. The document outlines several challenges with IoT security, referencing the Stuxnet virus. It also provides examples of how IoT is used in various industries like manufacturing, healthcare, transportation, education, and more. Key challenges discussed are device capabilities, supply chain concerns, security issues, integration gaps, and safety.
Internet of Things ( IoT) is a happening phenomenon today. It is sweeping across all spheres of human life- business, agriculture, education and more. It provides a a fertile ground for research and innovation. This presentation covers major areas of research both current and future expected trends
Internet of Things (IoT) will enable dramatic society transformation. This seminar presents an introduction to the IoT and explains why IoT Security is important.
Then it presents security issues in wireless sensor networks that constitute a main ingredient of IoT.
Seminar given at Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC) on 28 January 2015.
The document discusses cyber security threats. It begins with definitions of cyber security and cyber crime. It then covers the history of security from prehistoric times to modern cryptography. Various cyber crimes are outlined like phishing and child pornography. Cyber threats include ransomware, espionage, and advanced persistent threats from hackers. Basic cyber security practices are suggested like education, using antivirus software, and avoiding public Wi-Fi. The presentation concludes with a demonstration of email spamming and a cyber security awareness video.
This document discusses the growing dependency of individuals and organizations on cyberspace and the associated risks. It provides historical context on the evolution of the internet from ARPANET. Key points covered include:
- Individuals and organizations have become increasingly reliant on cyberspace for daily activities, work operations, and digital transformation, leaving them vulnerable to cyber threats.
- Emerging areas of focus for cybersecurity are the internet of things and how hackers can access systems through connected devices, as well as exploiting personal devices with stored data.
- Common cyber risks discussed are viruses, service disruptions, phishing, SQL injection attacks, and password attacks. Stricter laws have been implemented in some countries like the
SMART HEALTH AND Internet of Things (IoT) - RESEARCH OpportunitiesTauseef Naquishbandi
The technologies and solutions that enable integration of real world data and services into the current information networking technologies are often described under the umbrella term of the Internet of Things (IoT)”
Nigeria has drafted a cybersecurity policy framework to improve cybersecurity, but it has not yet been implemented. The framework outlines several key components including establishing accountability for cybersecurity positions, coordinating national cybersecurity efforts through a response committee, and creating a cybersecurity excellence center. It also aims to strengthen cybersecurity legislation, improve education and awareness, foster collaboration between public and private sectors, and increase cybersecurity training. However, the framework needs to be executed and gaps remain in educating the public and developing a culture of cybersecurity.
The document discusses security considerations for higher education regarding the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as physical objects embedded with electronics, software and sensors that can collect and exchange data. It notes that IoT includes many devices on college campuses and its usage is growing rapidly. However, IoT also poses security risks like vulnerabilities in unpatched devices, lack of access controls, and difficulty in device management at scale. The document recommends accommodating IoT with existing security practices and planning for its growth. It also stresses strengthening partnerships to help secure IoT technologies.
This document discusses IoT security. It begins with an overview of how IoT started and expanded with the growth of the internet. It then defines IoT as physical devices connected to the internet that can collect and exchange data. The document outlines several challenges with IoT security, referencing the Stuxnet virus. It also provides examples of how IoT is used in various industries like manufacturing, healthcare, transportation, education, and more. Key challenges discussed are device capabilities, supply chain concerns, security issues, integration gaps, and safety.
Internet of Things ( IoT) is a happening phenomenon today. It is sweeping across all spheres of human life- business, agriculture, education and more. It provides a a fertile ground for research and innovation. This presentation covers major areas of research both current and future expected trends
Internet of Things (IoT) will enable dramatic society transformation. This seminar presents an introduction to the IoT and explains why IoT Security is important.
Then it presents security issues in wireless sensor networks that constitute a main ingredient of IoT.
Seminar given at Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC) on 28 January 2015.
The document discusses cyber security threats. It begins with definitions of cyber security and cyber crime. It then covers the history of security from prehistoric times to modern cryptography. Various cyber crimes are outlined like phishing and child pornography. Cyber threats include ransomware, espionage, and advanced persistent threats from hackers. Basic cyber security practices are suggested like education, using antivirus software, and avoiding public Wi-Fi. The presentation concludes with a demonstration of email spamming and a cyber security awareness video.
With rapid growth of science and information technology, Internet of things (IoT) becomes as an integral part of daily life. The applications of IoT are expanded starting from connected cars, wearables, connected health, smart retail and healthcare. However, security issues are increasing with the increase of its use. Lack of compliances on the part of IoT manufacturers, lack of user knowledge and awareness, device update and management, lack of physical hardening and botnet attacks are considered as the major reasons for security issues in IoT based applications. In this aspect, it becomes important to analyze security issues involved with IoT and its impact on the users that has been performed in the present study
We did not predict the Internet, the Web, social networking, Facebook, Twitter, millions of apps for smart-phones, etc. New research problems arise due to the large scale of devices, the connection of the physical and cyber worlds, the openness of the systems of systems, and continuing problems of privacy and security. It is hoped that there is more cooperation between the research communities in order to solve the myriad of problems sooner as well as to avoid re-inventing the wheel when a particular community solves a problem.
The document discusses privacy and security issues related to the Internet of Things. It defines the IoT as a network of interconnected objects that can collect and process data. This introduces privacy concerns as objects can reveal personal information about individuals. There are also security concerns as objects are small and vulnerable. The document examines the data protection challenges this poses and the requirements needed to ensure privacy and security, such as privacy by design. It outlines ENISA's work supporting stakeholders in translating legal requirements into technical solutions for the IoT.
Helpful survey for researchers and students who are intended to investigate in the Internet of things field in term of security and privacy side. This survey has general overview in security issues with the solutions addressed these issues.
Cybersecurity: A Manufacturers Guide by ClearnetworkClearnetwork
The document provides a guide for improving cybersecurity in the manufacturing industry. It begins by noting that nearly half of all manufacturers have experienced a cyberattack. An effective defensive strategy includes 1) creating continuity and recoverability through reliable backups and disaster recovery plans, 2) protecting critical data through inventory, access control, and encryption, 3) improving system and network security hygiene such as network segmentation and patching outdated systems, 4) not overlooking security for industrial control systems and IoT devices, and 5) improving communication about cyber threats. Insider threats are also a risk that can be mitigated using security information and event management systems to monitor employee activity.
This document summarizes security and privacy issues in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment. It discusses how IoT systems have layers - the perception layer containing sensors, the gateway layer for communication, and the cloud layer providing user services. Each layer faces different security threats like denial of service attacks, session hijacking, and data breaches. The document also provides an example of the Mirai malware infecting IoT devices and using them to launch large-scale cyberattacks. To improve IoT security, the document recommends implementing authentication, authorization, encryption for confidentiality and integrity checks using hashing to protect against various attacks on IoT systems.
Security challenges for internet of thingsMonika Keerthi
The document discusses security challenges for the Internet of Things (IoT). It begins with an introduction to IoT and then discusses some of the enabling technologies like RFID, sensors, and nanotechnology. It also covers various applications of IoT such as smart cities, smart homes, smart farms, and e-healthcare. The document then outlines why IoT security is difficult due to issues like wireless communication, physical insecurity of devices, lack of standards, and classic internet threats. It also discusses some threats to IoT systems and potential security approaches like designing for security and implementing identity management. In the end, it provides some basic security precautions and thoughts on ongoing development of technologies and protocols for IoT security.
Summary:
The Internet of Things has been touted as the centerpiece of many innovative devices as it grows to encompass nearly every type of product imaginable. Already, appliances, cars and even buildings are being equipped with the capability to access Wi-Fi and wired networks. This has led to new efficiencies and data-driven opportunities for enterprises across the board.
When you hear “the next big thing,” do you think they’re thinking big enough? Attend this webinar to find out more.
Presenter:
This webinar will be presented by Arthur Donkens, the managing partner of ITSX. Arthur has been active in information security since 1986, by advising, auditing and collaborating with more than 30 top class companies. Through his rich experience, he has been issued with credible certificates in information security, and has contributed in this sector by writing articles and whitepapers that are available. His moto is “Balancing security and business goals through well designed security architectures.”
The document discusses vulnerabilities in IoT devices and provides examples of potential threats, including hacking a Jeep remotely and changing the target of a smart sniper rifle. It then summarizes challenges in securing IoT devices like limited resources, difficulty upgrading firmware, and lack of security software. Guidelines are provided for vendors, developers, and users to improve IoT security, such as using encryption, patching vulnerabilities, and educating users. Finally, the document demonstrates hacking a DTH set-top box by disturbing service, recording shows without permission, and stealing recordings.
Internet of things are exploding. This whitepaper would help product developers to understand the Security and Privacy issues, their impact and a recommendation for embedding the best practices during PDLC.
Thought Leadership Webinar - Internet of things (IoT): The Next Cyber Securit...ClicTest
We are in the age of Cybercrimes and just getting started with Internet of Things. There will be a huge demand for IoT as 50 billion connected devices will be deployed across the globe by 2020. These devices will communicate with each other where the web and the physical world will meet with different set of internet infrastructure and protocols. This in turn, will not only help us in saving money, but also provide us with more options.
Discussion Topics:
• The importance of IoT
• How will they impact in our everyday lives?
• Is Internet of Things Secure?
• Securing Internet of Things
But, the Tech buzz is all about: Security of Things (Security in the Internet of Things). How far these Internet of Things can be trusted? Can these IoT devices be hacked? How they have become the Next Cyber Security Target for hackers? How can we secure Internet of Things?
For more details, please visit www.clictest.com or drop us an email to info@clictest.com
In the forthcoming Internet of Things everything (smart phones, dishwashers, refrigerators, game machines, TVs, cameras, home security systems, vehicles, lighting systems, traffic control systems, engines, bridges, SCADA systems, blood pressure and heart rate monitors, environment monitors etc.) will carry sensors and/or actuators that will be interconnected via sensor networks and the Internet. The sensors sense the environment, transmit the information to controllers who decide about actions to be taken and send their decisions to the actuators.
As the number and variety of connected devices and transmitted data increase, so the number and variety of potential threats increase. So, new security challenges appear.
This seminar presents an introduction to the Internet of Things, smart applications, and research challenges. It also presents an introduction to wireless sensor networks and their security risks.
Seminar given at the Internet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3) of the Open University of Catalonia (UOC) on 16 December 2014.
The document discusses security issues with IoT devices. It defines IoT as interconnected devices that transfer data over a network without human interaction. It outlines risks like a lack of authentication, encryption, and vulnerabilities that could allow unauthorized access to personal data or critical infrastructure. The document also notes that IoT devices are increasingly being used in cyber attacks and that security standards need to evolve as more things become connected.
IoT Standardization and Implementation ChallengesAhmed Banafa
The rapid evolution of the IoT market has caused an explosion in the number and variety of IoT solutions.
Additionally, large amounts of funding are being deployed at IoT startups.
Consequently, the focus of the industry has been on manufacturing and producing the right types of hardware to enable those solutions.
Tips on designing for the Internet of ThingsDesign World
Bimba, TI, and Opto22 are heavily involved in developing products with and for the Internet of Things. In this webinar you will hear stories from the trenches on how they have approached the IoT and what they have learned in the process.
IoT and Cybersecurity: What can be done? by Gerald Faulhaber at Inform[ED] Io...CableLabs
As IoT insecurity creates vulnerabilities, policymakers become concerned about the health of the Internet. How can public policy address these concerns in a smart way, targeting their efforts to improve IoT security without imposing unnecessary costs across the Internet ecosystem or creating unintended effects? What is the role of government versus industry?
Gerald Faulhaber
Professor Emeritus, Business Economics & Public Policy, Wharton School
https://www.cablelabs.com/informed/
Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging platform for human interaction. As such it needs enough security and privacy guarantees to make it an attractive platform for people to come onboard.
The FTC released a report on the Internet of Things (IoT) that focuses on data security and upholding consumer expectations. The report urges manufacturers to incorporate security practices like "security by design" and data minimization. It also states that companies should meet reasonable consumer expectations regarding how personal data is collected and used, which may vary between different IoT devices. While some industry groups criticized parts of the report, following the FTC's recommendations can help companies comply with regulations on unfair data practices. Applying rules to new technologies poses challenges, so legal counsel is advised.
Secure Modern Healthcare System Based on Internet of Things and Secret Sharin...Eswar Publications
This document proposes an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for healthcare and an authentication scheme to secure it. It first reviews existing literature on IoT and healthcare systems. It then presents the architecture of the proposed system, which has perception, network and application layers. Devices in the perception layer would collect health data from patients. The network layer would communicate this data to cloud servers via gateways. The application layer would manage devices, analyze data and share it with applications. The document proposes authenticating healthcare devices during access of patient data. It aims to enhance security in IoT-based healthcare through device authentication.
This document discusses the advantages and disadvantages of IoT. The advantages include increased data availability, advanced tracking systems, reduced time requirements, cost savings, and reduced dependency on others. The disadvantages are unmanageable complexity, threats to privacy and security, and lack of sufficient safety measures. A pie chart is presented comparing the advantages and disadvantages. The document concludes by noting the increasing use of IoT devices over time.
WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY DEVICES SECURITY AND PRIVACY VULNERABILITY ANALYSISIJNSA Journal
Wearable Technology also called wearable gadget, is acategory of technology devices with low processing capabilities that can be worn by a user with the aim to provide information and ease of access to the master devices its pairing with. Such examples are Google Glass and Smart watch. The impact of wearable
technology becomes significant when people start their invention in wearable computing, where their mobile devices become one of the computation sources. However, wearable technology is not mature yet in term of device security and privacy acceptance of the public. There exists some security weakness that prompts such wearable devices vulnerable to attack. One of the critical attack on wearable technology is
authentication issue. The low processing due to less computing power of wearable device causethe
developer's inability to equip some complicated security mechanisms and algorithm on the device.In this study, an overview of security and privacy vulnerabilities on wearable devices is presented.
WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY DEVICES SECURITY AND PRIVACY VULNERABILITY ANALYSISIJNSA Journal
Wearable Technology also called wearable gadget, is acategory of technology devices with low processing capabilities that can be worn by a user with the aim to provide information and ease of access to the master devices its pairing with. Such examples are Google Glass and Smart watch. The impact of wearable technology becomes significant when people start their invention in wearable computing, where their mobile devices become one of the computation sources. However, wearable technology is not mature yet in term of device security and privacy acceptance of the public. There exists some security weakness that prompts such wearable devices vulnerable to attack. One of the critical attack on wearable technology is authentication issue. The low processing due to less computing power of wearable device causethe developer's inability to equip some complicated security mechanisms and algorithm on the device.In this study, an overview of security and privacy vulnerabilities on wearable devices is presented.
With rapid growth of science and information technology, Internet of things (IoT) becomes as an integral part of daily life. The applications of IoT are expanded starting from connected cars, wearables, connected health, smart retail and healthcare. However, security issues are increasing with the increase of its use. Lack of compliances on the part of IoT manufacturers, lack of user knowledge and awareness, device update and management, lack of physical hardening and botnet attacks are considered as the major reasons for security issues in IoT based applications. In this aspect, it becomes important to analyze security issues involved with IoT and its impact on the users that has been performed in the present study
We did not predict the Internet, the Web, social networking, Facebook, Twitter, millions of apps for smart-phones, etc. New research problems arise due to the large scale of devices, the connection of the physical and cyber worlds, the openness of the systems of systems, and continuing problems of privacy and security. It is hoped that there is more cooperation between the research communities in order to solve the myriad of problems sooner as well as to avoid re-inventing the wheel when a particular community solves a problem.
The document discusses privacy and security issues related to the Internet of Things. It defines the IoT as a network of interconnected objects that can collect and process data. This introduces privacy concerns as objects can reveal personal information about individuals. There are also security concerns as objects are small and vulnerable. The document examines the data protection challenges this poses and the requirements needed to ensure privacy and security, such as privacy by design. It outlines ENISA's work supporting stakeholders in translating legal requirements into technical solutions for the IoT.
Helpful survey for researchers and students who are intended to investigate in the Internet of things field in term of security and privacy side. This survey has general overview in security issues with the solutions addressed these issues.
Cybersecurity: A Manufacturers Guide by ClearnetworkClearnetwork
The document provides a guide for improving cybersecurity in the manufacturing industry. It begins by noting that nearly half of all manufacturers have experienced a cyberattack. An effective defensive strategy includes 1) creating continuity and recoverability through reliable backups and disaster recovery plans, 2) protecting critical data through inventory, access control, and encryption, 3) improving system and network security hygiene such as network segmentation and patching outdated systems, 4) not overlooking security for industrial control systems and IoT devices, and 5) improving communication about cyber threats. Insider threats are also a risk that can be mitigated using security information and event management systems to monitor employee activity.
This document summarizes security and privacy issues in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment. It discusses how IoT systems have layers - the perception layer containing sensors, the gateway layer for communication, and the cloud layer providing user services. Each layer faces different security threats like denial of service attacks, session hijacking, and data breaches. The document also provides an example of the Mirai malware infecting IoT devices and using them to launch large-scale cyberattacks. To improve IoT security, the document recommends implementing authentication, authorization, encryption for confidentiality and integrity checks using hashing to protect against various attacks on IoT systems.
Security challenges for internet of thingsMonika Keerthi
The document discusses security challenges for the Internet of Things (IoT). It begins with an introduction to IoT and then discusses some of the enabling technologies like RFID, sensors, and nanotechnology. It also covers various applications of IoT such as smart cities, smart homes, smart farms, and e-healthcare. The document then outlines why IoT security is difficult due to issues like wireless communication, physical insecurity of devices, lack of standards, and classic internet threats. It also discusses some threats to IoT systems and potential security approaches like designing for security and implementing identity management. In the end, it provides some basic security precautions and thoughts on ongoing development of technologies and protocols for IoT security.
Summary:
The Internet of Things has been touted as the centerpiece of many innovative devices as it grows to encompass nearly every type of product imaginable. Already, appliances, cars and even buildings are being equipped with the capability to access Wi-Fi and wired networks. This has led to new efficiencies and data-driven opportunities for enterprises across the board.
When you hear “the next big thing,” do you think they’re thinking big enough? Attend this webinar to find out more.
Presenter:
This webinar will be presented by Arthur Donkens, the managing partner of ITSX. Arthur has been active in information security since 1986, by advising, auditing and collaborating with more than 30 top class companies. Through his rich experience, he has been issued with credible certificates in information security, and has contributed in this sector by writing articles and whitepapers that are available. His moto is “Balancing security and business goals through well designed security architectures.”
The document discusses vulnerabilities in IoT devices and provides examples of potential threats, including hacking a Jeep remotely and changing the target of a smart sniper rifle. It then summarizes challenges in securing IoT devices like limited resources, difficulty upgrading firmware, and lack of security software. Guidelines are provided for vendors, developers, and users to improve IoT security, such as using encryption, patching vulnerabilities, and educating users. Finally, the document demonstrates hacking a DTH set-top box by disturbing service, recording shows without permission, and stealing recordings.
Internet of things are exploding. This whitepaper would help product developers to understand the Security and Privacy issues, their impact and a recommendation for embedding the best practices during PDLC.
Thought Leadership Webinar - Internet of things (IoT): The Next Cyber Securit...ClicTest
We are in the age of Cybercrimes and just getting started with Internet of Things. There will be a huge demand for IoT as 50 billion connected devices will be deployed across the globe by 2020. These devices will communicate with each other where the web and the physical world will meet with different set of internet infrastructure and protocols. This in turn, will not only help us in saving money, but also provide us with more options.
Discussion Topics:
• The importance of IoT
• How will they impact in our everyday lives?
• Is Internet of Things Secure?
• Securing Internet of Things
But, the Tech buzz is all about: Security of Things (Security in the Internet of Things). How far these Internet of Things can be trusted? Can these IoT devices be hacked? How they have become the Next Cyber Security Target for hackers? How can we secure Internet of Things?
For more details, please visit www.clictest.com or drop us an email to info@clictest.com
In the forthcoming Internet of Things everything (smart phones, dishwashers, refrigerators, game machines, TVs, cameras, home security systems, vehicles, lighting systems, traffic control systems, engines, bridges, SCADA systems, blood pressure and heart rate monitors, environment monitors etc.) will carry sensors and/or actuators that will be interconnected via sensor networks and the Internet. The sensors sense the environment, transmit the information to controllers who decide about actions to be taken and send their decisions to the actuators.
As the number and variety of connected devices and transmitted data increase, so the number and variety of potential threats increase. So, new security challenges appear.
This seminar presents an introduction to the Internet of Things, smart applications, and research challenges. It also presents an introduction to wireless sensor networks and their security risks.
Seminar given at the Internet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3) of the Open University of Catalonia (UOC) on 16 December 2014.
The document discusses security issues with IoT devices. It defines IoT as interconnected devices that transfer data over a network without human interaction. It outlines risks like a lack of authentication, encryption, and vulnerabilities that could allow unauthorized access to personal data or critical infrastructure. The document also notes that IoT devices are increasingly being used in cyber attacks and that security standards need to evolve as more things become connected.
IoT Standardization and Implementation ChallengesAhmed Banafa
The rapid evolution of the IoT market has caused an explosion in the number and variety of IoT solutions.
Additionally, large amounts of funding are being deployed at IoT startups.
Consequently, the focus of the industry has been on manufacturing and producing the right types of hardware to enable those solutions.
Tips on designing for the Internet of ThingsDesign World
Bimba, TI, and Opto22 are heavily involved in developing products with and for the Internet of Things. In this webinar you will hear stories from the trenches on how they have approached the IoT and what they have learned in the process.
IoT and Cybersecurity: What can be done? by Gerald Faulhaber at Inform[ED] Io...CableLabs
As IoT insecurity creates vulnerabilities, policymakers become concerned about the health of the Internet. How can public policy address these concerns in a smart way, targeting their efforts to improve IoT security without imposing unnecessary costs across the Internet ecosystem or creating unintended effects? What is the role of government versus industry?
Gerald Faulhaber
Professor Emeritus, Business Economics & Public Policy, Wharton School
https://www.cablelabs.com/informed/
Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging platform for human interaction. As such it needs enough security and privacy guarantees to make it an attractive platform for people to come onboard.
The FTC released a report on the Internet of Things (IoT) that focuses on data security and upholding consumer expectations. The report urges manufacturers to incorporate security practices like "security by design" and data minimization. It also states that companies should meet reasonable consumer expectations regarding how personal data is collected and used, which may vary between different IoT devices. While some industry groups criticized parts of the report, following the FTC's recommendations can help companies comply with regulations on unfair data practices. Applying rules to new technologies poses challenges, so legal counsel is advised.
Secure Modern Healthcare System Based on Internet of Things and Secret Sharin...Eswar Publications
This document proposes an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for healthcare and an authentication scheme to secure it. It first reviews existing literature on IoT and healthcare systems. It then presents the architecture of the proposed system, which has perception, network and application layers. Devices in the perception layer would collect health data from patients. The network layer would communicate this data to cloud servers via gateways. The application layer would manage devices, analyze data and share it with applications. The document proposes authenticating healthcare devices during access of patient data. It aims to enhance security in IoT-based healthcare through device authentication.
This document discusses the advantages and disadvantages of IoT. The advantages include increased data availability, advanced tracking systems, reduced time requirements, cost savings, and reduced dependency on others. The disadvantages are unmanageable complexity, threats to privacy and security, and lack of sufficient safety measures. A pie chart is presented comparing the advantages and disadvantages. The document concludes by noting the increasing use of IoT devices over time.
WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY DEVICES SECURITY AND PRIVACY VULNERABILITY ANALYSISIJNSA Journal
Wearable Technology also called wearable gadget, is acategory of technology devices with low processing capabilities that can be worn by a user with the aim to provide information and ease of access to the master devices its pairing with. Such examples are Google Glass and Smart watch. The impact of wearable
technology becomes significant when people start their invention in wearable computing, where their mobile devices become one of the computation sources. However, wearable technology is not mature yet in term of device security and privacy acceptance of the public. There exists some security weakness that prompts such wearable devices vulnerable to attack. One of the critical attack on wearable technology is
authentication issue. The low processing due to less computing power of wearable device causethe
developer's inability to equip some complicated security mechanisms and algorithm on the device.In this study, an overview of security and privacy vulnerabilities on wearable devices is presented.
WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY DEVICES SECURITY AND PRIVACY VULNERABILITY ANALYSISIJNSA Journal
Wearable Technology also called wearable gadget, is acategory of technology devices with low processing capabilities that can be worn by a user with the aim to provide information and ease of access to the master devices its pairing with. Such examples are Google Glass and Smart watch. The impact of wearable technology becomes significant when people start their invention in wearable computing, where their mobile devices become one of the computation sources. However, wearable technology is not mature yet in term of device security and privacy acceptance of the public. There exists some security weakness that prompts such wearable devices vulnerable to attack. One of the critical attack on wearable technology is authentication issue. The low processing due to less computing power of wearable device causethe developer's inability to equip some complicated security mechanisms and algorithm on the device.In this study, an overview of security and privacy vulnerabilities on wearable devices is presented.
WEARABLE TECHNOLOGY DEVICES SECURITY AND PRIVACY VULNERABILITY ANALYSISIJNSA Journal
Wearable Technology also called wearable gadget, is acategory of technology devices with low processing
capabilities that can be worn by a user with the aim to provide information and ease of access to the master
devices its pairing with. Such examples are Google Glass and Smart watch. The impact of wearable
technology becomes significant when people start their invention in wearable computing, where their
mobile devices become one of the computation sources. However, wearable technology is not mature yet in
term of device security and privacy acceptance of the public. There exists some security weakness that
prompts such wearable devices vulnerable to attack. One of the critical attack on wearable technology is
authentication issue. The low processing due to less computing power of wearable device causethe
developer's inability to equip some complicated security mechanisms and algorithm on the device.In this
study, an overview of security and privacy vulnerabilities on wearable devices is presented.
Wearable Technology and IOT Wearable Device Market is foretold to witness lucrative business prospects owing to the ever-increasing demand for wearable devices.
The presentation is about research on wearable devices for elderly people in Canada. It includes:
1) An introduction that provides background on wearable IoT devices and their benefits.
2) A classification of wearable IoT applications into health, activity recognition, tracking, and safety.
3) Discussion of the challenges and future possibilities of wearable IoT, including data resolution, power consumption, wearability, safety, and security.
The Internet is driving force on how we communicate with one another, from posting messages and images
to Facebook or “tweeting” your activities from your vacation. Today it is being used everywhere, now
imagine a device that connects to the internet sends out data based on its sensors, this is the Internet-of-
Things, a connection of objects with a plethora of sensors. Smart devices as they are commonly called, are
invading our homes. With the proliferation of cheap Cloud-based IoT Camera use as a surveillance system
to monitor our homes and loved ones right from the palm of our hand using our smartphones. These
cameras are mostly white-label product, a process in which the product comes from a single manufacturer
and bought by a different company where they are re-branded and sold with their own product name, a
method commonly practice in the retail and manufacturing industry
This document summarizes a research study that tested the security of white-label cloud-based IoT cameras. The study found vulnerabilities that could allow hackers to compromise the cameras and access personal data without the owner's knowledge. Specifically, the study conducted penetration testing on a Chinese-made IoT camera to identify vulnerabilities. It was able to gain full access to the camera's video stream, showing how personal privacy can be invaded. The study recommends ways for users to protect themselves, such as encrypting data and using strong passwords.
IOT SECURITY: PENETRATION TESTING OF WHITE-LABEL CLOUD-BASED IOT CAMERA COMPR...ijcsit
This document summarizes a research study that investigated the security vulnerabilities of white-label cloud-based IoT cameras. The study involved penetration testing of a Chinese-made IoT camera to identify vulnerabilities. The testing revealed that the camera's video stream could be hacked without the user's knowledge, compromising personal privacy. To address this, the study proposed methods for hardening the camera's security and educating users on protecting themselves from such attacks.
CYBER SECURITY OF SMART WATCHES : A REVIEW OF THE VULNERABILITIES WITH RECOMM...IJNSA Journal
This paper will explore the security of smart watches that have seen significant growth over the past few years. As smart watches gain popularity in society, addressing privacy and security concerns to keep sensitive information safe from malicious exploitation must be important. In an industry with limited focus from academic researchers, governments, or leading security companies, I will examine whether smart watches should have mandatory security protection governed by security regulations and policies that protect data privacy and exposure from potential attacks.
ANDROID & FIREBASE BASED ANTI THEFT MOBILE APPLICATIONIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an Android & Firebase based anti-theft mobile application. The application secretly runs in the background after installation. If the phone is lost or stolen, it sends the thief's location, photos taken by the front camera, and other identifying information to registered contacts. This is done without the thief's knowledge through features like fake shutdown and fake airplane mode. The application aims to facilitate easy retrieval of stolen phones and protect private data. It was created using Java technology and Firebase for backend connectivity and alert systems. The proposed system provides an effective solution for mobile security and theft prevention.
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Smartphone Forensic Investigation Process ModelCSCJournals
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The document provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT). It describes IoT as a network of physical objects embedded with sensors, software and other technologies that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet. The document outlines the key components of IoT including sensing devices, networking technologies, data processing, and applications. It also discusses the history of IoT, how IoT works, challenges of IoT including security and privacy issues, and examples of IoT applications in different domains.
A Survey Report on : Security & Challenges in Internet of Thingsijsrd.com
In the era of computing technology, Internet of Things (IoT) devices are now popular in each and every domains like e-governance, e-Health, e-Home, e-Commerce, and e-Trafficking etc. Iot is spreading from small to large applications in all fields like Smart Cities, Smart Grids, Smart Transportation. As on one side IoT provide facilities and services for the society. On the other hand, IoT security is also a crucial issues.IoT security is an area which totally concerned for giving security to connected devices and networks in the IoT .As, IoT is vast area with usability, performance, security, and reliability as a major challenges in it. The growth of the IoT is exponentially increases as driven by market pressures, which proportionally increases the security threats involved in IoT The relationship between the security and billions of devices connecting to the Internet cannot be described with existing mathematical methods. In this paper, we explore the opportunities possible in the IoT with security threats and challenges associated with it.
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Using Machine Learning to Build a Classification Model for IoT Networks to De...IJCNCJournal
Internet of things (IoT) has led to several security threats and challenges within society. Regardless of the benefits that it has brought with it to the society, IoT could compromise the security and privacy of individuals and companies at various levels. Denial of Service (DoS) and Distributed DoS (DDoS) attacks, among others, are the most common attack types that face the IoT networks. To counter such attacks, companies should implement an efficient classification/detection model, which is not an easy task. This paper proposes a classification model to examine the effectiveness of several machine-learning algorithms, namely, Random Forest (RF), k-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Naïve Bayes. The machine learning algorithms are used to detect attacks on the UNSW-NB15 benchmark dataset. The UNSW-NB15 contains normal network traffic and malicious traffic instants. The experimental results reveal that RF and KNN classifiers give the best performance with an accuracy of 100% (without noise injection) and 99% (with 10% noise filtering), while the Naïve Bayes classifier gives the worst performance with an accuracy of 95.35% and 82.77 without noise and with 10% noise, respectively. Other evaluation matrices, such as precision and recall, also show the effectiveness of RF and KNN classifiers over Naïve Bayes.
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT) and its various applications. The IoT allows physical objects to be connected to the internet and exchange data. This enables applications across many industries, including smart homes, healthcare, transportation, manufacturing, infrastructure, and more. Some key benefits of the IoT include automating tasks, increasing productivity and safety, enhancing experiences, and generating new revenue streams.
Similaire à Wearable Technology for Enhanced Security. (20)
A REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS OF THEORY OF COMPUTATION AND AUTOMATA TO MUSICDr. Michael Agbaje
Theory of Computation and Automata is a theoretical branch of computer science. It established its roots during 20th Century when mathematicians began developing theoretically and literally machines which mimic certain features of man, completing calculations more quickly and reliably. The word automaton is closely related to the word "automation", meaning automatic processes carrying out the production of specific processes. Automata theory deals with the logic of computation with respect to simple machines, referred to as automata. Through automata, computer scientists are able to understand how machines compute functions and solve problems and more importantly, what it means for a function to be defined as computable or for a question to be described as decidable (Stanford(2004),Cristopher(2013))
A software Process model is a standardised format for planning, organising, and runninga new software development project. The need to complete and deliver software projects faster require using a suitable model.
There are several different kind of models being used which have evolved over the years, in this paper we carried out survey on the following main types of model; waterfall model, V-model, Component assembly model, Chaos model, Incremental model, Prototyping model, Spiral model, Rapid application development (RAD) model, Agile model, rational unified process (RUP), Iconix process and Software ecosystem (SECO) model by describing their characteristic features.
We concluded the study by listing the strengths and weaknesses of each of this models.
Ethics has to do with moral principles that control or influence a person’s behavior. Research ethics has taken a prime position in the process of research. Digital watermarking as a technology that embeds information, in machine-readable form, within the content of a digital media file could raise privacy issues if deployed in ways that fail to take privacy into account. Digital watermarking can be applied to different applications including digital signatures, fingerprinting, broadcast and publication monitoring, authentication, copy control, and secret communication. This paper brings to view various ethical concerns of digital watermarking such as privacy, piracy, deception and anonymity.
This document describes a research paper that uses a cellular automata model to simulate the spread of rumors. Some key points:
- Cells represent individuals, with white cells meaning individuals who have not heard a rumor and black cells meaning those who have.
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- This simulates how rumors can spread locally from person to person. Running the model over time steps shows how the rumor can potentially spread through an entire population starting from a single individual.
- Cellular automata models are useful for investigating macro
PARASITIC COMPUTING: PROBLEMS AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONDr. Michael Agbaje
Parasitic computing is programming technique where a program in normal authorized interactions with another program manages to get the other program to perform computations of a complex nature. It is, in a sense, a security exploit in that the program implementing the parasitic computing has no authority to consume resources made available to the other program.The paper takes a look at the ethical issues of parasitic computing and suggest a look into the current operation of the internet TCP/IP.
— Short Message Service (SMS) is the text communication service component of phone, web or mobile communication systems, using standardized communications protocols that allow the exchange of short text messages between fixed line or mobile phone devices. The usage SMS as data application in the world is enormous, with 2.4 billion active users, or 74% of all mobile phone subscribers. This paper develops an SMS voting system that can be used in conducting a trustworthy and generally acceptable electoral conduct based on the legislation of a particular country. It is base on a level structure and a national SIM card module used for only electoral process. The SIM card can be used for either the Internet voting system or the SMS voting. The method is cheap and fast and guarantees prompt election result.
Broadcast monitoring is the process of tracking and observing activities on broadcasting channels in compliance with intellectual property rights and other illegal activities not conforming to broadcasting laws using the computer or human system. The problem here has a unique challenge from the pattern recognition point of view because a very high recognition rate is needed under non- ideal conditions. There is also a problem in comparing a small audio sequence with a large audio stream (the broadcast) searching for matches. Broadcast monitoring could be active or passive. In this paper we did a review of the various application and techniques useful to broadcast monitoring systems.
Effect of Block Sizes on the Attributes of Watermarking Digital ImagesDr. Michael Agbaje
This work examines the effect of block sizes on attributes (robustness, capacity, time of watermarking, visibility and distortion) of watermarked digital images using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) function. The DCT function breaks up the image into various frequency bands and allows watermark data to be easily embedded. The advantage of this transformation is the ability to pack input image data into a few coefficients. The block size 8 x 8 is commonly used in watermarking. The work investigates the effect of using block sizes below and above 8 x 8 on the attributes of watermark. The attributes of robustness and capacity increase as the block size increases (62-70db, 31.5-35.9 bit/pixel). The time for watermarking reduces as the block size increases. The watermark is still visible for block sizes below 8 x 8 but invisible for those above it. Distortion decreases sharply from a high value at 2 x 2 block size to minimum at 8 x 8 and gradually increases with block size. The overall observation indicates that watermarked image gradually reduces in quality due to fading above 8 x 8 block size. For easy detection of image against piracy the block size 16 x 16 gives the best output result because it closely resembles the original image in terms of visual quality displayed despite the fact that it contains a hidden watermark.
A 3-dimensional motion sensor and tracking system using vector analysis methodDr. Michael Agbaje
This diagram shows an infrared movement detection system that uses a pyroelectric sensor behind a Fresnel lens to detect movement in a given area. An infrared source sends out waves that reflect off objects and return to a receiver as echoes, allowing the system to sense distance through transmitted and reflected waves. The sensor then outputs a signal when it detects infrared waves from the source that have been reflected off moving objects in the detection area.
The measure of computerized information being created and put away is expanding at a disturbing rate. This information is classified and handled to distil and convey data to clients crossing various businesses for example, finance, online networking, gaming and so forth. This class of workloads is alluded to as throughput computing applications. Multi-core CPUs have been viewed as reasonable for handling information in such workloads. Be that as it may, energized by high computational throughput and energy proficiency, there has been a fast reception of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) as computing engines lately. GPU computing has risen lately as a reasonable execution stage for throughput situated applications or regions of code. GPUs began as free units for program execution however there are clear patterns towards tight-sew CPU-GPU integration. In this paper, we look to comprehend cutting edge Heterogeneous System Architecture and inspect a few key segments that influences it to emerge from other architecture designs by analyzing existing inquiries about, articles and reports bearing and future open doors for HSA systems.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
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Ocean Lotus cyber threat actors represent a sophisticated, persistent, and politically motivated group that poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals in the Southeast Asian region. Their continuous evolution and adaptability underscore the need for robust cybersecurity measures and international cooperation to identify and mitigate the threats posed by such advanced persistent threat groups.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
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8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
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9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...alexjohnson7307
Predictive maintenance is a proactive approach that anticipates equipment failures before they happen. At the forefront of this innovative strategy is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings unprecedented precision and efficiency. AI in predictive maintenance is transforming industries by reducing downtime, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity.
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Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
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TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
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Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Skybuffer AI: Advanced Conversational and Generative AI Solution on SAP Busin...Tatiana Kojar
Skybuffer AI, built on the robust SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP), is the latest and most advanced version of our AI development, reaffirming our commitment to delivering top-tier AI solutions. Skybuffer AI harnesses all the innovative capabilities of the SAP BTP in the AI domain, from Conversational AI to cutting-edge Generative AI and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). It also helps SAP customers safeguard their investments into SAP Conversational AI and ensure a seamless, one-click transition to SAP Business AI.
With Skybuffer AI, various AI models can be integrated into a single communication channel such as Microsoft Teams. This integration empowers business users with insights drawn from SAP backend systems, enterprise documents, and the expansive knowledge of Generative AI. And the best part of it is that it is all managed through our intuitive no-code Action Server interface, requiring no extensive coding knowledge and making the advanced AI accessible to more users.
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Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
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In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
1. Communications on Applied Electronics 5(10):7-12, September 2016.
Wearable Technology for Enhanced Security.
Agbaje M. Olugbenga(PhD)
Babcock University
Department of Computer Science
Ogun State, Nigeria
agbajeolugbenga@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Wearables are small electronic devices, often comprising
one or more sensors and having computational capability.
Devices such as wrist watches, pens, and glasses with
installed cameras are now available at cheap prices for
user to purchase to monitor or securing themselves. The
Nigerian state at this period is faced with a lot of
kidnapping activities in schools, homes and abduction for
the purpose of ransomed collection and other illegal
activities necessitate these reviews. The success of the
wearable technology in medical uses prompted the
research into application into security uses. The method
of research is the use of case studies and literature search.
This paper takes a look at the possible applications of the
wearable technology to combat the cases of abduction
and kidnapping in Nigeria.
Keywords
Computing, electronics,IoT, privacy , software,
ubiquitous,wearable.
1. INTRODUCTION
The terms “wearable technology“, “wearable devices“,
and “wearables” all refer to electronic technologies or
computers that are incorporated into items of clothing
and accessories which can comfortably be worn on the
body. It can perform many of the same computing tasks
as mobile phones and laptop computers .It can provide
sensory and scanning features not typically seen in
mobile and laptop devices, such as biofeedback and
tracking of physiological function. Wearables are small
electronic devices, often comprising one or more sensors
and having computational capability[1]. Wearable
technologies are clothing and accessories incorporating
computer and advanced electronic technologies (PWC,
2014). Wearables are good example of the Internet of
Things (IoT), since they form part of the network of
physical objects or "things" embedded with
electronics, software, sensors and connectivity to enable
objects to exchange data with a manufacturer, operator
and/or other connected devices, without requiring human
intervention [2] .
One of the earliest pieces of wearable technology was the
calculator watch, introduced in the 1980s. The coming of
portable computing in the early 1990s resulted in further
experimentation in the technology with varying degrees
of success [2].
[3] enumerated the state of today’s world of wearable
that our day-to-day apparel and accessories are turning
into networked mobile electronic devices attached to our
body. Today’s market is now flooded with wearable
devices that include wristbands such as Fitbit and
Jawbone, attachable baby monitors such as Mimo and
Sproutling, watches such as the Apple Watch, and
jewellery such as Cuff and Ringly.
Taking a look at the history of computer generations up
to the present, we could divide it into three main types:
mainframe computing, personal computing, and
ubiquitous or pervasive computing[4]. The various
divisions is based on the number of computers per users.
The mainframe computing describes one large computer
connected to many users and the second, personal
computing, as one computer per person while the term
ubiquitous computing however, was used in 1991 by
Paul Weiser. Weiser depicted a world full of embedded
sensing technologies to streamline and enhance life [5].
The Nigerian state at this period is faced with a lot of
kidnapping activities in schools, homes and abduction
for the purpose of ransome collection and other illegal
activities necessitate this reviews.[6] stated that some of
the most interesting applications of wearable technology
will come from three different technologies: Advanced
wearable products, artificial intelligence and big data.
These three technologies if well used in Nigeria in
various aspect of our security systems can help curb the
rate of kidnapping and abduction cases in Nigeria.
A disturbing case of the kidnapped Chibok girls in
Nigeria is yet to be unravelled two years after their
kidnapping from their schools is a pathetic case in Africa.
With advances in telecommunication and networking a
lot of devices are installed in vehicles and at home to
enable tracking activities. Using car immobilizers and
2. Communications on Applied Electronics 5(10):7-12, September 2016.
trackers are common in Nigeria today and these devices
could be purchased at low prices. Devices such as wrist
watches, pens, glasses with installed cameras are now
available at cheap prices for user to monitor or secure
them. The time is now to incorporate wearable
technology into our society due to different high profile
cases that occurred in the last three to four years.
The success of the wearable technology in medical uses
prompted the research into application into security uses.
This paper takes a look at the possible applications of the
wearable technology to combat the cases of abduction
and kidnapping in Nigeria. The method of research is the
use of case studies and literature search.
2.
Year Function Device picture
1960s Ed Thorpe and Claude Shannon invented a
cigarette pack-sized
pocket computer that was designed to
predict roulette wheels. The device was
easily
concealed in a shoe.
1970s HP releases the HP 01
calculator watch
1980s Steve Mann builds the
WearComp1 – a backpack-based
system capable of displaying data
on a head-mounted micro display
and wireless communications
1990s Steve Mann developed the
“Wearable Wireless Webcam”
2000s First generation iPhone is released,
revolutionizing pocket computing.
2010s A plethora of consumer wearables hit the
market,including Nike FuelBand,
Fitbit, Google Glass
Table 1. Brief history of wearable devices Source (Hadi et al, 2014)
3. Communications on Applied Electronics 5(10):7-12, September 2016.
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
The term ubiquitous or pervasive computing was used in
1991 by Paul Weiser. Weiser depicted a world full of
embedded sensing technologies to streamline and
enhance life [5].
After Weiser’s vision, the Wearable Computers Group in
MIT’s Media Lab was formed [7]. Wearable computing
extends Weiser’s idea of incorporating computing into
our everyday objects and activities. There is a difference,
however, between ubiquitous computing and wearable
computing, in that a wearable computer is incorporated
into the personal space of the user, controlled by the user,
and has both operational and interactional constancy. The
wearables will always be on and accessible[8] .
Ed Thorp and Claude Shannon introduced the first
wearable computer in 1966, as a cigarette-pack sized
analogue computer used to predict the outcome of
roulette wheels. Using four buttons to show the speed of
the wheel, the predicted results were transmitted by radio
to an earpiece. A brief history of wearable is shown in
the Table 1.
2.1 Why Wearable Technology?
Using wearable technology can be categorised into
personal and business usage. The usage for either can be
for: fashion, fitness tracking, to synchronize data and
communication from other gadgets, specific health issue
monitoring, a gauge for alertness and energy levels, as
navigation tools, as media devices and communication
gadgets. With rising crime of abduction and kidnapping
wearable technologies could track or alert the security
personnel of the incident. Also many abductors will
dispossess their prey of common mode of
communication .i.e. the cell phone from their abductees
so that no contact could be made. Hence, wearable
circuits that could be hidden or worn in the body could
track victims of abduction or kidnapping.
2.2 Technologies in Wearable
Wearable technology will come from three different
technologies stated below:
• Advanced wearable products: The three main
wearable technology product categories are
body sensors, smart glasses and smart
watches.
• Artificial intelligence (AI)
platforms: Technologies like Now
(Google), Siri (Apple), Cortana (Microsoft)
and, most recent, IBM’s decision to
4. Communications on Applied Electronics 5(10):7-12, September 2016.
provide mobile app developers with access to
its supercomputer platform.
• Big data: This provides information about an
individual location, data about an individual’s
search history or ad preferences or even
information about what that person was
looking at 30 days ago there is no shortage of
data[6].
2.3 Advantages of Wearables
Wearables can provide consumer benefits in the areas of
health care and wellness. With wearable devices, data
can be stored locally, or transmitted and stored on a
cloud. These devices can provide increased convenience
and improved health services.
2.3 Disadvantages of Wearables
It raises privacy and security concerns. Wearable devices
challenge traditional privacy principles and pose a
distinct challenge to the collection, use, and storage of
health, location, financial, and other sensitive
information.
2.4 Applications of Wearables
Wearables for health [1]. Health and fitness, and other
medical applications, are areas where wearable’s are
expected to play a transformative role. However, the
application of wearable devices has potential in any
industry where hands-free data collection is valued.
Wearables can be divided based on consumer or non-
consumer applications. These two categories can be
further segmented based on the particular sector the
product targets: General consumer ,Fitness and sports,
Fashion and apparel, Home automation and remote
identification, Gaming and recreation, Defence and
security, Enterprise and industrial, Healthcare.
2.5 Architecture of Wearables
Technology
This architecture shows three parts of wearable
technology:
Data: Data is a binary format and needs storage prior to
transfering the data from one place to another.
Power: It has three main parts i,e how power is
generated, how it is transfered from one place to another
and how it is stored.
Social: wearables are used at so many different places
and plays a role in our culture, social connections and
relationships [9].
`
Fig.1 : Simple architecture of wearable devices[10].
Social
Power
Data
Transfer
Storage
creation
Generation
Sending
Memory
Interaction
“real Life”
5. Communications on Applied Electronics 5(10):7-12, September 2016.
3.0 PROPOSED ARCHITECTURE
FOR ANTI-KIDNAPPING AND
ABDUCTION USING
WEARABLE DEVICE.
In this paper a definition for wearable technology is
clothing and accessories incorporating computer and
advanced electronic technologies.
Fig. 2: Proposed architecture.
Throughout our research, we used the following
description to define wearable technology. The proposed
architecture in figure 2 comprises of four major block.
The wearable device may be of any form with blue tooth
or wifi capability that ciuld be detected using a form of
monitor i.e a cell phone or ipad connected to google map
for location and positioning and also connected tp the
law enforcement agency in chage of cybercrime for
monitoring in case of any breach of the law.
The wearables used for health are connected self –
monitored devices with smart sensors, and make use of a
web connection, using Bluetooth to connect to your
smartphone. They use these sensors to connect to you as
a person, and they help you to achieve goals such as
staying fit, active, losing weight or being more organised.
Wearables Google map
Monitor
Law
enforcement
6. Communications on Applied Electronics 5(10):7-12, September 2016.
This devices have the capacity to serve as a security
device and could fit into this architcture.
Smart jewellery is aimed at women, and the most
common usage is to notify the user of texts, calls or
emails when their phone is out of reach. Smart
watches are wrist-worn devices that connect to your
mobile phone to act as mini-windows onto your digital
life. Telling time is an after-thought for smart watches;
they inform you about calls, messages and email
notifications on social media.
The implantables are a group of wearable you have to
carry with you wherever you go. These are devices
attached somewhere under your skin by surgery.
4.0 DISCUSSION
The paper made a research into the various wearables
present in the online store in Nigeria price range to know
the avalability. The table below shows some of the
wearable products on some popular online stores.
Despite the religious and social beliefs of people there is
a gradual increase in awareness of wearables in Nigeria.
Table 2 shows some of the products available. The range
of prices of the various products also ranges $14 to
$200.
7. Communications on Applied Electronics 5(10):7-12, September 2016.
4.1 Future of Wearables
A survey of current landscape in wearable shows that
there is increased speed for the various chips embedded.
They also longer battery lifespan. The current devices are
also smaller faster and more sensitive. Innovations are
multiplying the rate at which breakthroughs can happen
in wearable. Alongside this shift, there has been the
natural progression in form factors as these same devices
move from our desks and pockets to being subtly
displayed on our bodies and one day even merged with
them. It opens the door for new forms of computing that
impact the way we live, work and socialize [11].
Iinnovations in wearable technology will develop first
through wristbands. A lot of the ideas describe in
Wearable Technology report will be deployed through
these accessories, including ability to control our privacy
by acting as a password device or even interacting with
the environment around us. Other jewellery-like devices
will follow - including rings and necklaces. While there
is a lot of speculation around the use of computerized
glasses, our analysis suggests that while these heads-up
ONLINE STORE
JUMIA.COM KONGA.COM DEALDEY.COM
PRODUCTS
I5 Plus blue tooth
intelligent traker(walkout
monitor)
Pedometer heart rate
monitor with fat analyzer
Tile tracker bluetooth
tracker-find lost item
Generic Car GPS Tracker
with SOS Emergency
Phone Call Black
Generic 4.0 Tracer GPS
Locator Wallet Key Pet
Finder
Rohs Digital Personal
Safety Alarm Device
Spy keyholder,watch,
table clock cap,pen.
USB,sunshade glasses
Blood presure monitor
8. Communications on Applied Electronics 5(10):7-12, September 2016.
displays will offer a unique range of options, they may
not develop the full range of services that other
wearables like smart clothing might offer. Sensors
embedded within clothing will provide a with array of
benefits over the next two to five years, with several
focused on improving our health and wellbeing.
In some years, we will see an initial acceptance of
technology that will embed wearables in our bodies. By
2018, bio-integrated computing will have moved from
the fringes, where it’s at today, to a place where early
adopters will experiment with it. For those of us who
may not be ready for the scalpel, wearables can still take
on and off will still change the way we work, live and
play [11].
Wearable technology is on the rise in both personal and
business use. One out of five American adults have a
wearable device according to the 2014 Price Waterhouse
Coopers Wearable Future Report[12] .
Smartwatches are a second high-profile sector and while
wearable devices have been around for years, it has only
gained mass market attention with introducing new
models by Samsung and later by Apple. The now defunct
Google Glass gained a lot of media attention, but the
project ground to a halt in early 2015, with Google
stopping device sales. In healthcare, wearables have
being in use, for example in detecting health disorders
such as sleep apnea. A study in 2014 by MSI and
McAfee reported that 70% of people think that wearable
technologies will soon send health vitals readings to
physicians[13] .
Medical professionals such as Google Glass
Surgeon even organized themselves into the WATCH
Society (Wearable Technology in Healthcare Society) in
order to search for collaboration and valid use of
wearable technology in healthcare. In professional sports,
wearable technology has applications in monitoring and
real time feedback for athletes[14][15].
Examples of wearables are shown in the figure below:
Fig. 3:Smartwatch respond to save long distance
relationships[11]
Fig. 4:Responsive bracelets send thermoelectric
pulses to heat or cool persons entire body[11].
Fig. 5:Wearable Life blogs camera by snapping
camera throughout the day [11].
Fig. 6: Flexible electronics circuit develop at
University of Tokyo [16]
10. Communications on Applied Electronics 5(10):7-12, September 2016.
[15] Simon, J.(2013) In pro sports, wearabletech is
already mainstream. Wearable Tech Watch.
[16] Martin K. Et al (2013). An ultra – lightweight
design for imperceptible plastic electronics.
Nature. doi 10.1038/nature 12314