Women’s sexual and reproductive health – increasing the evidence base
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IDSThe document discusses women's sexual and reproductive health issues in sub-Saharan Africa. It outlines high maternal mortality rates, low modern contraceptive use, high HIV prevalence disproportionately affecting women, and high rates of unsafe abortion and gender-based violence in the region. It also notes data and methodological challenges in studying these issues and proposes responses like integrating reproductive health services, prioritizing adolescents and unsafe abortion, and increasing domestic resource mobilization.
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Breast cancer screening
Breast cancer screening programs aim to detect cancer early before symptoms appear. While screening guidelines vary, organizations generally recommend mammography every 1-2 years for women ages 50-69. In India, there is no organized screening program and detection usually occurs once symptoms develop. Risk factors for early-onset breast cancer include dense breasts and a family history of breast cancer. Screening women in their 40s can reduce breast cancer mortality, but also risks false positives and overdiagnosis. Genetic testing identifies mutations associated with high breast cancer risk.
Breast cancer screening dr.ayman jafar
Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer death in women.
Breast Cancer Screening Presentation - PiPP
The document discusses breast cancer screening guidelines and recommendations. It notes that various medical organizations have different guidelines for mammography screening, with some recommending annual screening beginning at age 40 while others recommend biennial screening between ages 50-74. The document also discusses debates around overdiagnosis from mammography screening and challenges in assessing its effectiveness due to the slow progression of breast cancer.
Mammography Screening
Why was screening implemented?
What is overdiagnosis?
The evidence for overdiagnosis
Available data
Facts from recent studies
Risks of screening
The illusion of early detection
Harms due to overdiagnosis
Benefit-risk balance
So, what to do?
About mammograms: https://desdaughter.wordpress.com/tag/mammograms/
About overdiagnosis: https://desdaughter.wordpress.com/tag/overdiagnosis/
About screening: https://desdaughter.wordpress.com/tag/screening/
A study of breast cancer awareness among females in Pasar Siti Khatijah,Kota ...
This study aimed to assess breast cancer awareness among females in Pasar Siti Khatijah, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. A questionnaire was distributed to 150 females to gather information on their knowledge of breast cancer risks, symptoms, screening methods, and history of mammography use. The results found that while most respondents knew some breast cancer risks and symptoms, only 40% practiced breast self-exams regularly. Additionally, just 20% had received a prior mammogram. The study concluded that breast cancer awareness and screening practices in this population remain low overall. Increasing education about mammography screening guidelines and availability could help improve early detection.
Breast cancer research
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Rates are higher in Black women than White women due to disparities in screening and treatment. Genetic and lifestyle factors affect risk, and regular screening is recommended starting at age 40. However, some groups face barriers to screening like lack of access to care, knowledge, and cultural beliefs. Researchers are working to better understand risk factors and improve prevention and individualized treatment through studies on genetics, screening methods, and high-risk populations.
Epidemiology of breast cancer 2014 ap
This document summarizes epidemiological data on breast cancer incidence and mortality rates globally and in various countries and populations. It finds that breast cancer incidence is highest in more developed countries and among white women in the US. Known risk factors include reproductive factors like early menarche, nulliparity, late age at first birth, and lack of breastfeeding; exogenous hormones from oral contraceptives and post-menopausal hormones; family history and genetic factors; and certain medical factors.
Breast Cancer Screening
This document provides guidelines and recommendations for breast cancer screening. It discusses that breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Screening through mammography can effectively reduce breast cancer mortality. Current guidelines recommend annual mammography screening beginning at age 40, as well as regular clinical breast exams. Newer screening technologies such as digital mammography and MRI for high-risk women are discussed. The importance of breast self-awareness over formal breast self-exam is also highlighted.
Recommandé
Breast cancer screening
Breast cancer screening programs aim to detect cancer early before symptoms appear. While screening guidelines vary, organizations generally recommend mammography every 1-2 years for women ages 50-69. In India, there is no organized screening program and detection usually occurs once symptoms develop. Risk factors for early-onset breast cancer include dense breasts and a family history of breast cancer. Screening women in their 40s can reduce breast cancer mortality, but also risks false positives and overdiagnosis. Genetic testing identifies mutations associated with high breast cancer risk.
Breast cancer screening dr.ayman jafar
Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer death in women.
Breast Cancer Screening Presentation - PiPP
The document discusses breast cancer screening guidelines and recommendations. It notes that various medical organizations have different guidelines for mammography screening, with some recommending annual screening beginning at age 40 while others recommend biennial screening between ages 50-74. The document also discusses debates around overdiagnosis from mammography screening and challenges in assessing its effectiveness due to the slow progression of breast cancer.
Mammography Screening
Why was screening implemented?
What is overdiagnosis?
The evidence for overdiagnosis
Available data
Facts from recent studies
Risks of screening
The illusion of early detection
Harms due to overdiagnosis
Benefit-risk balance
So, what to do?
About mammograms: https://desdaughter.wordpress.com/tag/mammograms/
About overdiagnosis: https://desdaughter.wordpress.com/tag/overdiagnosis/
About screening: https://desdaughter.wordpress.com/tag/screening/
A study of breast cancer awareness among females in Pasar Siti Khatijah,Kota ...
This study aimed to assess breast cancer awareness among females in Pasar Siti Khatijah, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. A questionnaire was distributed to 150 females to gather information on their knowledge of breast cancer risks, symptoms, screening methods, and history of mammography use. The results found that while most respondents knew some breast cancer risks and symptoms, only 40% practiced breast self-exams regularly. Additionally, just 20% had received a prior mammogram. The study concluded that breast cancer awareness and screening practices in this population remain low overall. Increasing education about mammography screening guidelines and availability could help improve early detection.
Breast cancer research
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Rates are higher in Black women than White women due to disparities in screening and treatment. Genetic and lifestyle factors affect risk, and regular screening is recommended starting at age 40. However, some groups face barriers to screening like lack of access to care, knowledge, and cultural beliefs. Researchers are working to better understand risk factors and improve prevention and individualized treatment through studies on genetics, screening methods, and high-risk populations.
Epidemiology of breast cancer 2014 ap
This document summarizes epidemiological data on breast cancer incidence and mortality rates globally and in various countries and populations. It finds that breast cancer incidence is highest in more developed countries and among white women in the US. Known risk factors include reproductive factors like early menarche, nulliparity, late age at first birth, and lack of breastfeeding; exogenous hormones from oral contraceptives and post-menopausal hormones; family history and genetic factors; and certain medical factors.
Breast Cancer Screening
This document provides guidelines and recommendations for breast cancer screening. It discusses that breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Screening through mammography can effectively reduce breast cancer mortality. Current guidelines recommend annual mammography screening beginning at age 40, as well as regular clinical breast exams. Newer screening technologies such as digital mammography and MRI for high-risk women are discussed. The importance of breast self-awareness over formal breast self-exam is also highlighted.
Breast cancer screening guidlines for mammography
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer death in women in the United States. Screening mammography can help reduce the risk of death from breast cancer by 15-20% for women aged 40-74. However, screening also carries risks of false positives, overdiagnosis, unnecessary biopsies, pain and radiation exposure. Guidelines from different organizations vary in their recommendations for age to start screening and screening interval.
Breast Cancer Awareness Presentation
1. Breast cancer develops from mutations in genes controlling cell growth and health. Abnormal cells divide uncontrollably, forming tumors that can be benign or malignant.
2. Malignant tumors are cancerous and can spread via the lymphatic system to other parts of the body. Breast cancer refers specifically to malignant tumors in the breast.
3. Treatment plans consider cancer type, stage, hormone sensitivity, and patient history. Early detection through education and screening as well as primary and adjuvant therapies can help improve outcomes for breast cancer.
Why go for Early Breast Cancer Screening?
In cases of breast cancer there are numerous inevitable factors that lead to its onset like aging, genetic disorders and gender. Being a female is a big risk factor as the presence of estrogen and progesterone can result in breast cancer cells growth. In such cases early detection and breast cancer screening goes a long way in ensuring that the patient can undergo a successful treatment.
Screening in carcinoma breast
Breast cancer screening guidelines recommend biennial mammography for women aged 50-74 in well-resourced settings, as it can reduce breast cancer mortality by around 16% compared to no screening. For limited-resource settings, the guidelines conditionally recommend clinical breast examination as a low-cost alternative. Screening intervals of less than 24 months show no added benefit over longer intervals. Shared decision making around risks of false positives and overdiagnosis is important. Early diagnosis through awareness and symptom screening is prioritized where most women present at late stages due to weak health systems.
1. dr r saha breast cancer screening npcdcs_dept. of community med
Breast cancer is a major public health issue in India, with an increasing incidence and late stage presentation being common. Screening programs aim to detect breast cancer early through methods like clinical breast examination and mammography. While mammography screening is recommended for women aged 40-70, clinical breast examination alone can also reduce mortality. Teaching breast self-examination increases health awareness but does not directly reduce mortality. Early detection through any screening modality can help detect breast cancer at an earlier treatable stage.
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đO thị ngọc hiếu breast cancer, epidemiology and screening in vietnam jfi...
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The document then covers breast cancer screening recommendations from the American Cancer Society. It recommends yearly mammograms starting at age 45-54 for average risk women. For higher risk women, it recommends annual MRI screening plus mammograms. Common screening tools in Vietnam include ultrasound and mammography, with MRI used for higher risk cases. The document reviews imaging findings and standardized reporting system (BI-RADS). Overall, the document provides anA Brief Overview on Breast Cancer Screening for AACR webinar, Feb 2017
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Cancer screening
The document discusses cancer screening and some of its potential harms and benefits. It notes that screening can potentially avoid 3-35% of premature cancer deaths depending on assumptions, but also has several potential downsides. These include false positives that cause unnecessary anxiety and procedures, overdiagnosis of conditions that would not have become clinically significant, and false negatives that delay diagnosis and treatment. The document also provides information about breast cancer screening methods like clinical breast exams and mammograms, as well as cervical cancer screening via Pap tests.
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For more information, visit https://www.timberlandmedical.com
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Mrs. X is a 46-year-old woman concerned about breast cancer risk due to a friend's recent diagnosis. She has no family history of breast cancer herself. The document discusses guidelines for breast cancer screening, genetic screening, and prevention. For Mrs. X, the assistant recommends annual mammography and clinical breast examination in line with screening guidelines for average-risk women over age 40. The benefits of screening increase with age, so annual screening is advised to detect any potential issues earlier.
Marc Espié : Variations in breast cancer incidence and mortality
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- Breast cancer remains the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide, with 1.6 million new cases annually.
- Incidence rates have doubled in developed countries over the last three decades due to screening programs and other factors. Rates are also rising sharply in developing nations.
- Mortality rates show geographic variations and have declined in some countries likely due to earlier detection and improved treatment. However, breast cancer deaths remain a significant burden, especially in developing world.
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Contenu connexe
Tendances
Breast cancer screening guidlines for mammography
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer death in women in the United States. Screening mammography can help reduce the risk of death from breast cancer by 15-20% for women aged 40-74. However, screening also carries risks of false positives, overdiagnosis, unnecessary biopsies, pain and radiation exposure. Guidelines from different organizations vary in their recommendations for age to start screening and screening interval.
Breast Cancer Awareness Presentation
1. Breast cancer develops from mutations in genes controlling cell growth and health. Abnormal cells divide uncontrollably, forming tumors that can be benign or malignant.
2. Malignant tumors are cancerous and can spread via the lymphatic system to other parts of the body. Breast cancer refers specifically to malignant tumors in the breast.
3. Treatment plans consider cancer type, stage, hormone sensitivity, and patient history. Early detection through education and screening as well as primary and adjuvant therapies can help improve outcomes for breast cancer.
Why go for Early Breast Cancer Screening?
In cases of breast cancer there are numerous inevitable factors that lead to its onset like aging, genetic disorders and gender. Being a female is a big risk factor as the presence of estrogen and progesterone can result in breast cancer cells growth. In such cases early detection and breast cancer screening goes a long way in ensuring that the patient can undergo a successful treatment.
Screening in carcinoma breast
Breast cancer screening guidelines recommend biennial mammography for women aged 50-74 in well-resourced settings, as it can reduce breast cancer mortality by around 16% compared to no screening. For limited-resource settings, the guidelines conditionally recommend clinical breast examination as a low-cost alternative. Screening intervals of less than 24 months show no added benefit over longer intervals. Shared decision making around risks of false positives and overdiagnosis is important. Early diagnosis through awareness and symptom screening is prioritized where most women present at late stages due to weak health systems.
1. dr r saha breast cancer screening npcdcs_dept. of community med
Breast cancer is a major public health issue in India, with an increasing incidence and late stage presentation being common. Screening programs aim to detect breast cancer early through methods like clinical breast examination and mammography. While mammography screening is recommended for women aged 40-70, clinical breast examination alone can also reduce mortality. Teaching breast self-examination increases health awareness but does not directly reduce mortality. Early detection through any screening modality can help detect breast cancer at an earlier treatable stage.
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Breast Cancer Prevention PresentationResearcher in University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
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This document discusses breast cancer epidemiology and risk factors. It begins by describing the normal structure of the breast and types of breast cancer. The most common type is invasive ductal carcinoma. Risk factors include being a woman and aging, as well as factors like family history, early menstruation, late pregnancy/childbirth, and not breastfeeding. Environmental factors like chemicals that mimic estrogen may also increase risk. While some risk factors cannot be changed, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and limiting chemical exposure may help lower breast cancer risk.
đO thị ngọc hiếu breast cancer, epidemiology and screening in vietnam jfi...
đO thị ngọc hiếu breast cancer, epidemiology and screening in vietnam jfi...JFIM - Journées Francophones d'Imagerie Médicale
This document discusses breast cancer epidemiology and screening in Vietnam. It begins with epidemiology, noting that breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide and a leading cause of death. Incidence rates have been increasing in Vietnam. The majority of breast cancer cases in Vietnam are diagnosed at later stages.
The document then covers breast cancer screening recommendations from the American Cancer Society. It recommends yearly mammograms starting at age 45-54 for average risk women. For higher risk women, it recommends annual MRI screening plus mammograms. Common screening tools in Vietnam include ultrasound and mammography, with MRI used for higher risk cases. The document reviews imaging findings and standardized reporting system (BI-RADS). Overall, the document provides anA Brief Overview on Breast Cancer Screening for AACR webinar, Feb 2017
Here are slides from my 10-minute talk on breast cancer screening for an AACR webinar (Feb 16, 2017). I'll share the webinar link when that becomes available.
Breast Cancer Awareness - Malaysian Oncological Society
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among Malaysian women, affecting mostly those over age 45. The document discusses breast cancer awareness, screening, diagnosis through biopsy and further scans, staging, and common treatments which include chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy. Early detection through awareness of symptoms and prompt medical investigation can lead to improved survival outcomes.
Basic sciences of breast cancer
basic sciences of breast cancer about molecular biology, staging, work up of breast cancer, investigations
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This document provides a review of genetic and environmental factors for breast cancer. It begins with an introduction on breast cancer prevalence worldwide and in Africa/Ethiopia specifically. It then outlines the document structure. The body discusses several genetic factors that may increase breast cancer risk, such as mutations in the BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, p53, PTEN, and STK11 genes. Environmental risk factors mentioned include ionizing radiation, organochlorines, reproductive life factors, exogenous estrogen use, alcohol consumption, and increased age. The conclusion and recommendations sections are not included in the summary.
Breast cancer screening and treatment
Breast cancer is a disease where breast cells grow out of control, affecting over 200,000 people per year in the US, most commonly in those over age 50. The document outlines the main types of breast cancer, symptoms, risk factors, screening recommendations including mammograms, and various treatment options like surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and radiation. Screening is important to check for breast cancer before any problems arise, with mammograms recommended every two years for women ages 50-74.
Cancer screening
The document discusses cancer screening and some of its potential harms and benefits. It notes that screening can potentially avoid 3-35% of premature cancer deaths depending on assumptions, but also has several potential downsides. These include false positives that cause unnecessary anxiety and procedures, overdiagnosis of conditions that would not have become clinically significant, and false negatives that delay diagnosis and treatment. The document also provides information about breast cancer screening methods like clinical breast exams and mammograms, as well as cervical cancer screening via Pap tests.
Update on screening for breast and lung cancer
Presentation on updated information on breast and lung cancer screening from Penn Medicine's Dr. Antje Greenfield.
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For more information, visit https://www.timberlandmedical.com
Timberland Medical Centre is a private hospital that has been in operation since 1994. We are strategically located at the 3rd Mile roundabout on Jalan Rock, Kuching, Sarawak, East Malaysia. Our hospital is 10 minutes from the Kuching International Airport and 15 minutes from the Central Bus Terminal. We continually seek to improve and upgrade our services and facilities, as we strive to provide the best medical care for our patients and customers.
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Mrs. X is a 46-year-old woman concerned about breast cancer risk due to a friend's recent diagnosis. She has no family history of breast cancer herself. The document discusses guidelines for breast cancer screening, genetic screening, and prevention. For Mrs. X, the assistant recommends annual mammography and clinical breast examination in line with screening guidelines for average-risk women over age 40. The benefits of screening increase with age, so annual screening is advised to detect any potential issues earlier.
Marc Espié : Variations in breast cancer incidence and mortality
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- Breast cancer remains the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide, with 1.6 million new cases annually.
- Incidence rates have doubled in developed countries over the last three decades due to screening programs and other factors. Rates are also rising sharply in developing nations.
- Mortality rates show geographic variations and have declined in some countries likely due to earlier detection and improved treatment. However, breast cancer deaths remain a significant burden, especially in developing world.
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Tendances (20)
1. dr r saha breast cancer screening npcdcs_dept. of community med
1. dr r saha breast cancer screening npcdcs_dept. of community med
đO thị ngọc hiếu breast cancer, epidemiology and screening in vietnam jfi...
đO thị ngọc hiếu breast cancer, epidemiology and screening in vietnam jfi...
A Brief Overview on Breast Cancer Screening for AACR webinar, Feb 2017
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Breast Cancer Awareness - Malaysian Oncological Society
Breast Cancer Awareness - Malaysian Oncological Society
Breast cancer screening, prevention and genetic counselling
Breast cancer screening, prevention and genetic counselling
Marc Espié : Variations in breast cancer incidence and mortality
Marc Espié : Variations in breast cancer incidence and mortality
Breast and Cervical cancer awareness - breast cancer treatment in pune
Breast and Cervical cancer awareness - breast cancer treatment in pune
En vedette
Breast Cancer 101
Wendy Noe, education coordinator for the Central Indiana Affiliate of Susan G. Komen for the Cure® presents an overview of breast cancer information, facts and advances in treatment.
Breast cancer awareness
A short slide show on how being aware of all things breast cancer can do and how to prevent the worst.
Breast Cancer
What is breast cancer
types of breast cancer
risk factors associated with breast cancer
prevention
signs and symptoms
diagnosis
treatment
Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women. It occurs due to an interaction between environmental and genetic factors. There are two main types - in situ (non-invasive) and invasive (has spread). Diagnosis involves mammograms, ultrasounds, biopsies and other tests. Treatment depends on cancer stage but commonly includes surgery (mastectomy or lumpectomy), chemotherapy, hormone therapy, radiation therapy, and targeted monoclonal antibody therapy. Risk factors include obesity, family history, lifestyle factors. Early detection through screening and awareness is important for improved outcomes.
Breast Cancer
The document discusses breast cancer including basic breast anatomy, diagnostic tests like mammograms and MRIs, stages of breast cancer based on tumor size and lymph node involvement, histology and grades of cancer cells, hormone receptors, and radiation treatment options. Radiation typically involves external beam radiation to the whole breast for 25-30 treatments, with an additional boost to the tumor site. Side effects of radiation can include skin irritation, breast tenderness, fatigue, and swelling.
Breast cancer ppt
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death and second most common cancer in women. It occurs when abnormal cells in the breast grow in an uncontrolled way and form tumors. The breasts contain lobes and lobules which produce milk, connected by ducts. The two main types are ductal carcinoma, originating in the ducts, and lobular carcinoma, originating in the lobules. Risk factors include gender, age, family history, obesity, lack of exercise, alcohol consumption, and hormone therapy. Screening methods include breast self-exams, clinical exams by a doctor, and mammography. Treatment options depend on cancer stage and may involve surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy. With early detection and treatment, the
Breast Cancer.ppt
This document provides an overview of breast cancer, including risk factors, signs and symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment options and prevention strategies. It notes that breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women. While the chances of developing breast cancer increase with age, early detection through screening and awareness of changes to the breasts can help lead to successful treatment if cancer is found early. A variety of treatment options exist depending on the type and stage of cancer diagnosed. Lifestyle factors may also impact risk.
En vedette (7)
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Reproductive Health Matters publishes many papers on gender and rights-based issues related to sexual and reproductive health and rights. These papers analyze topics like gender-based violence, unsafe abortion, adolescent pregnancy, and gender inequalities in health policies and programs. They also discuss sexual and reproductive rights and how to implement rights-based approaches in health services. While gender and rights are important analytical tools, actually creating change on these issues is very slow. Future research needs to test more effective strategies to reduce gender inequality and better respect sexual and reproductive rights in order to move beyond analysis into real activism and ground-level change.
MMR as PH issue - G#3 21.09.22-1.pptx
This document discusses maternal mortality as a public health problem. It begins by outlining the global burden of maternal mortality, with over 200,000 maternal deaths occurring annually mostly in developing countries. The three main causes of maternal death are hemorrhage, hypertension, and sepsis. Reducing maternal mortality is a Sustainable Development Goal target. Maternal mortality impacts families, communities, and nations by reducing productivity and increasing poverty. Strategies to reduce maternal mortality include improving access to reproductive health services, emergency obstetric care, transportation, and increasing the number of skilled birth attendants.
MMR issue.pptx
This document discusses maternal mortality as a public health problem. It begins by outlining the global burden of maternal mortality, with over 200,000 maternal deaths occurring annually mostly in developing countries. The three main causes of maternal death are hemorrhage, hypertension, and sepsis. Reducing maternal mortality is a Sustainable Development Goal target. Maternal mortality impacts families, communities, and nations by reducing productivity and increasing poverty. Strategies to reduce maternal mortality include improving access to reproductive health services, emergency obstetric care, transportation, and increasing the number of skilled birth attendants.
Evolution of National Family Planning Programme (NFPP) and National Populatio...
This presentation discuss the evolution of India's National Family Planning Program and National Population Policy 2000, significant impact of 1994 Cairo conference on country's Reproductive health approach.
Burden of HIV and Research Gaps Among Key Populations in Sub-Saharan Africa
Key populations including sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs experience disproportionately high HIV burdens in sub-Saharan Africa due to various biological, behavioral, and structural factors. HIV prevalence among female sex workers ranges from 10.9% in Eastern Europe to 36.9% in sub-Saharan Africa, where sex workers are 12 times more likely to be infected than other women. Men who have sex with men also experience high HIV prevalence, though data remains limited in sub-Saharan Africa. Combination prevention approaches including behavioral, biomedical, and structural interventions are needed to address the outsized impact of HIV on key populations.
Rh presentation day 1
The document provides an agenda for a workshop on reproductive, maternal and child health. It includes objectives to provide an overview of global maternal mortality trends, describe the Millennium Development Goals related to reproductive health, and identify causes and strategies to prevent maternal mortality. The agenda also involves interactive activities to define key terms and review what is known about the Millennium Development Goals.
Reproductive health, safemotherhood & family planning
This document discusses reproductive health, providing definitions and indicators. It covers safe motherhood and indicators related to it, such as the maternal mortality rate in Sudan being 509 per 100,000 live births. Family planning prevalence in Sudan is reported to be 11% overall, with higher rates in rural (20%) versus urban (3%) areas. The document also discusses Sudan's local situation regarding reproductive health, including strategies and initiatives to improve access to services.
28 Too Many - Medicalisation of FGM
This document discusses the medicalization of female genital mutilation (FGM), where aspects of the procedure are performed or assisted by medical professionals to reduce immediate health risks, rather than eliminating the practice entirely. It defines medicalized FGM and explains how it occurs through the provision of medical training, sterile tools, or the direct involvement of healthcare providers. While intended to reduce risks, medicalization still causes long-term health issues and violates medical ethics. The document examines arguments for and against medicalization and efforts by international organizations to address the problem.
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Male circumcision should be promoted in developing countries as a major means...
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Maternal and child health in Ghana: progress, challenges and prospects
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Barry Adam, "The biomedical and the social in HIV prevention"
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Berer gender and rights oriented health systems research cape town 2 oct 2014
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Evolution of National Family Planning Programme (NFPP) and National Populatio...
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Evidence on Improving Health Service Delivery in Developing Countries
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