this article describes about addressing and subnetting on IPv4.

1. Addressing dan Subnetting
Ir. S.N.M.P. Simamora, MT.
Laboratorium Jaringan
Jurusan Ilmu Komputer
F-MIPA
Bandung 2006

2. Referensi:
1) Shinde, S. 2006. Computer Network.
New Age International Ld, Pubsh.
2) Simamora, S.N.M.P. 2003. Jaringan
Komputer. Departemen Sistem
Komputer, Fak.Teknik, ITHB. Bandung

3. IP Address
• Terletak pada lapisan ke-2 TCP/IP
• Bertindak sebagai identifikasi pada jaringan
komputer saat komunikasi data berlangsung
• Terdiri dari 4 class:
– Class A: 255.0.0.0
– Class B: 255.255.0.0
– Class C: 255.255.255.0
– Class D: untuk multi-casting
– Class E: untuk keperluan khusus
• Saat ini menggunakan v4, dikembangkan v6
dengan alasan keterbatasan ‘stock’ nomor IP.

4. Subnet IP Address
• Misalkan:
185.212.23.23/16
Artinya: IP Address tersebut berada pada
subnet-mask: 255.255.0.0
255.255.0.0 = 11111111.11111111.0.0
16bit
• Misalkan:
110.165.25.47/8
Artinya: IP Address tersebut berada pada
subnet-mask: 255.0.0.0
255.0.0.0 = 11111111.0.0.0 8 bit

5. Subnetting IPv4
Konsep ini disebut Classless Inter-Domain Routing
(CIDR)

6. Point-to-Point IPv4: Class A
125.162.24.30 125.163.24.30
255.0.0.0 255.0.0.0

7. Point-to-Point IPv4: Class B
190.162.24.30 190.162.30.24
255.255.0.0 255.255.0.0

8. Point-to-Point IPv4: Class C
196.162.24.20 196.162.24.30
255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0

9. Range Class IP Address
• Class A: 1 – 126
• Class B: 128 – 191
• Class C: 192 – 223

10. Hal utama dalam keterkaitan
Subnetting IP Address
• Jumlah subnet
• Jumlah host per subnet
• Blok subnet
• Alamat host dan broadcast valid

11. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.128.0.0
11111111 10000000 00000000 00000000
9 bit, dituliskan: 255.128.0.0/9

12. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.192.0.0
11111111 11000000 00000000 00000000
10 bit, dituliskan: 255.192.0.0/10

13. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.224.0.0
11111111 11100000 00000000 00000000
11 bit, dituliskan: 255.224.0.0/11

14. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.240.0.0
11111111 11110000 00000000 00000000
12 bit, dituliskan: 255.240.0.0/12

15. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.240.0.0
11111111 11110000 00000000 00000000
12 bit, dituliskan: 255.240.0.0/12

16. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.248.0.0
11111111 11111000 00000000 00000000
13 bit, dituliskan: 255.248.0.0/13

17. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.252.0.0
11111111 11111100 00000000 00000000
14 bit, dituliskan: 255.252.0.0/14

18. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.254.0.0
11111111 11111110 00000000 00000000
15 bit, dituliskan: 255.254.0.0/15

19. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.0.0
11111111 11111111 00000000 00000000
16 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.0.0/16

20. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.128.0
11111111 11111111 10000000 00000000
17 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.128.0/17

21. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.192.0
11111111 11111111 11000000 00000000
18 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.192.0/18

22. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.224.0
11111111 11111111 11100000 00000000
19 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.224.0/19

23. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.240.0
11111111 11111111 11110000 00000000
20 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.240.0/20

24. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.248.0
11111111 11111111 11111000 00000000
21 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.248.0/21

25. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.252.0
11111111 11111111 11111100 00000000
22 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.252.0/22

26. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.254.0
11111111 11111111 11111110 00000000
23 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.254.0/23

27. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.0
11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000
24 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.0/24

28. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.128
11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000
25 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.128/25

29. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.192
11111111 11111111 11111111 11000000
26 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.192/26

30. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.224
11111111 11111111 11111111 11100000
27 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.224/27

31. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.240
11111111 11111111 11111111 11110000
28 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.240/28

32. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.248
11111111 11111111 11111111 11111000
29 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.248/29

33. Subnetting IPv4 Available
255.255.255.252
11111111 11111111 11111111 11111100
30 bit, dituliskan: 255.255.255.252/30

34. Kasus: Lakukan perencanaan
subnetting 198.20.15.20/27
a) Jumlah subnet: 2x ; x = 3 bit
23 = 8 subnet
27 bit = 8 bit + 8 bit + 8 bit + 3 bit
11111111 11111111 11111111 11100000
255.255.255.224

35. Kasus: Lakukan perencanaan
subnetting 198.20.15.20/20
b) Jumlah host per subnet: 2y - 2 ; y = 8-3= 5 bit
25 – 2 = 30 host
c) Blok subnet: 256 - z ; z = desimal subnet
tersisa ; z = 128+64+32 = 224
256 – 224 = 32
255.255.255.224
Blok subnet:
0,32,64,96,128,160,192,224

36. Kasus: Lakukan perencanaan
subnetting 198.20.15.20/20
d) IP Address host dan broadcast yang valid,
disajikan berikut: