1. Quiz How does the ‘march in progress’ view childhood? Improving, more child centred, 2. Give 3 examples of how children are valued and cared for in society Better healthcare, higher standards of living, protected by laws, compulsory education, children’s rights!

2. Quiz 3. How do conflict theorists view childhood? Childhood is based on inequality, childhood not improving, children are oppressed by adults- conflict! Outline 2 ways that inequalities can occur among children Gender differences, ethnic differences, class!

3. Quiz 5. Outline three ways that adults can oppress children Neglect and abuse, children’s space, time, body and access to resources

4. Childhood in different cultures

5. Childhood differs between countries, especially between the Western world and developing countries.

7. Cross-cultural differences in childhood Benedict (1934) suggests that children in developing countries are treated differently to modern westernised society in 3 ways.. Take responsibility at a young age- in Bolivia , children of 5 yrs old take responsibilities in the home and in community. Less value is placed on children showing obedience to adult authority Children’s sexual behaviour is often viewed differently- in South West Pacific adults took an attitude of tolerance to children’s sexual activity!

8. In many ways children in developing countries are experiencing the same type of childhood as children in the UK did in the past- they are working on the land or in factories. In many countries they are not protected by labour laws and experience long hours, low pay and exploitation as well as child poverty.

10. Over one- third of all children in the world have to live in a dwelling with more than five people per room or which have mud flooring

11. 134 million children aged between 7 – 18 have never been to school

14. CASE STUDY RIO DE JANEIRO- BRAZIL.

17. One third of Brazil’s population are under 14 years old

18. 25 million children are deprived and living in desperate poverty

19. 8 million children are abandoned, needy and walk the streets

21. They are also destroying themselves with drugs and alcohol

22. Many of them turn to stealing and joining street gangs

24. Child Soldiers Worldwide, more than half a million children under 18 have been recruited as child soldiers. It is probably impossible for children for the rich West to imagine the sights they witness and the physical and psychological damage it does to them.

25. CASE STUDY: SIERRA LEONE

26. Civil War: 1991- 2001 Primary objective was for control over Sierra Leone’s diamond industry Key feature of this war was the recruitment of child soldiers

28. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PPWIiZ29KVI&feature=related 7 mins Watch this..... http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ve42DWluB8A