quiz

1. 1. A SCIENTIST FINDS THE SAME TYPE OF INDEX FOSSIL IN
LAYERS OF ROCK IN BOTH AFRICA AND SOUTH AMERICA.
WHAT DOES THIS INDICATE ABOUT THE AGES OF THE
ROCKS?
A. THE ROCKS ARE APPROXIMATELY THE SAME AGE.
B. THE ROCKS ARE YOUNGER THAN THE FOSSILS.
C. THE SOUTH AMERICAN ROCK IS OLDER.
D. THE AFRICAN ROCK IS OLDER.

2. 2. _____________ IS A LOCATION WHERE TWO TECTONIC PLATES
ARE MOVING TOWARD EACH OTHER, OFTEN CAUSING ONE
PLATE TO SLIDE BELOW THE OTHER.
A. CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES
B. DEVIATING PLATE BOUNDARIES
C. DIVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES
D. TRANSFORM PLATE BOUNDARIES

3. 3. WHAT HEATS THE EARTH INSIDE?
A. HEAT FROM THE ACCRETION OF THE
EARTH
B. INNER CORE
C. SOLAR HEAT
D. B AND C ONLY

4. 4. HOW DID SCIENTISTS DISCOVER THAT ROCKS FARTHER
AWAY FROM THE MID-OCEAN RIDGE WERE OLDER THAN
THOSE NEAR IT?
A. BY DETERMINING THE AGE OF ROCK SAMPLES OBTAINED
BY DRILLING ON THE SEA FLOOR
B. BY OBSERVING ERUPTIONS OF MOLTEN MATERIALS ON
THE SEA FLOOR
C. BY MEASURING HOW FAST SEA FLOOR SPREADING
OCCURS
D. BY MAPPING ROCKS ON THE SEA FLOOR USING SONAR

5. 5. WHAT IS THE LAW OF SUPERPOSITION?
A. THE EXACT AGE OF A SEDIMENTARY ROCK LAYER CAN BE
FOUND BY USING THE LAYERS ABOVE AND BELOW IT.
B. IGNEOUS ROCK IS OLDER THAN NEARBY SEDIMENTARY
ROCK, WHICH IS OLDER THAN NEARBY METAMORPHIC
ROCK.
C. A SEDIMENTARY ROCK LAYER IN ITS ORIGINAL POSITION
IS OLDER THAN THE LAYER ABOVE IT AND YOUNGER
THAN THE LAYERS BELOW IT.
D. METAMORPHIC ROCK IS OLDER THAN NEARBY
SEDIMENTARY ROCK BECAUSE THE SEDIMENTARY ROCK
IS DEPOSITED BEFORE THE METAMORPHIC ROCK.

6. 6. WHICH AMONG THE FOLLOWING IS THE MOST COMMON
TYPE OF STRESS WHERE TWO PLANES OF MATERIAL SLIDE
PAST EACH OTHER?
A. COMPRESSIONAL STRESS
B. DEFORMATION
C. SHEAR STRESS
D. TENSIONAL STRESS

7. 7. THE FOLLOWING ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONVERGENT
PLATE BOUNDARIES, EXCEPT:
A. OCEANIC-OCEANIC CONVERGENCE
B. OCEANIC-CONTINENTAL CONVERGENCE
C. CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL CONVERGENCE
D. OCEANIC-CONTINENTAL-OCEANIC CONVERGENCE

8. 8. WHO IS THE SCIENTIST CREDITED FOR SEA FLOOR
SPREADING?
A. ALFRED WEGENER, A GERMAN SCIENTIST
B. DENNIS LIEDING, A LIBERTYVILLE SOCIAL STUDIES
TEACHER
C. HARRY HESS, AN AMERICAN GEOLOGIST
D. J. TUZO WILSON, A CANADIAN SCIENTIST

9. 9. HOW DOES FREEZING WATER CAUSE THE WEATHERING OF
ROCKS?
A. KEEPS THE ROCKS IN PLACE
B. MAKES THE ROCKS LAST LONGER
C. CAUSES ROCKS TO FALL IN LANDSLIDES
D. EXPANDS, CRACKS AND BREAKS ROCKS

10. 10. WHAT ARE THE DOMINANT ANIMALS OF THE CENOZOIC
ERA?
A. BACTERIA
B. FISH
C. MAMMALS
D. REPTILES

11. 11. WHY IS THE PACIFIC OCEAN BASIN SAID TO BE
SHRINKING?
A. BECAUSE ITS SEAFLOOR IS SPREADING.
B. BECAUSE IT IS LOCATED IN THE SUBDUCTION ZONE.
C. BECAUSE OF THE SEDIMENTS DEPOSITED IN THE
SUBMARINE CANYON.
D. ALL OF THE ABOVE

12. 12. WHICH AMONG THE FOLLOWING IS A BRANCH OF
GEOLOGY CONCERNED WITH THE ANALYSIS OF THE ORDER
AND POSITION OF LAYERS IN ARCHEOLOGICAL REMAINS?
A. GEOGRAPHY
B. STRATIGRAPHY
C. ARCHEOLOGY
D. GEOGRAPHICAL CORRELATION

13. 13. HOW DOES ABSOLUTE AGE DIFFER FROM RELATIVE AGE?
A. ONLY RELATIVE DATING FINDS THE AGE IN YEARS
B. ONLY ABSOLUTE DATING FINDS THE AGE IN YEARS
C. ONLY ABSOLUTE DATING INDICATES WHICH ROCK IS
OLDER THAN ANOTHER
D. A AND C ONLY

14. 14. WHICH AMONG THE FOLLOWING IS THE MOST COMMON
FORM OF METAMORPHISM THAT OCCURS IN BROAD AREAS?
A. CONTACT METAMORPHISM
B. DYNAMIC METAMORPHISM
C. REGIONAL METAMORPHISM
D. SHEAR METAMORPHISM

15. 15. ___________ IN EARTH’S ___________ IS THE UP AND DOWN
MOVEMENTS OF PLASTIC LIKE MATERIAL WITHIN THAT
LAYER.
A. CONDUCTION; CRUST
B. CONVECTION; CRUST
C. CONDUCTION; MANTLE
D. CONVECTION; MANTLE

16. 16. FOSSILS ARE FOUND ON WHAT TYPE OF ROCK?
A. IGNEOUS ROCK
B. METAMORPHIC ROCK
C. SEDIMENTARY ROCK
D. OF THE ABOVE

17. 17. WHAT DO YOU CALL THE AMOUNT OF TIME IT TAKES FOR
50% OF THE REMAINING RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL TO DECAY
INTO STABLE MATERIAL?
A. HALF-LIFE
B. RADIOACTIVE DECAY
C. RADIOCARBON DATING
D. SUCCESSIVE DECAY TIME

18. 18. WHICH AMONG THE OCEAN BASINS BELOW IS IN ITS
DECLINING STATE?
A. INDIAN OCEAN BASIN
B. ARCTIC OCEAN BASIN
C. PACIFIC OCEAN BASIN
D. ATLANTIC OCEAN BASIN

19. 19. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT AN AGENT OF
CHEMICAL WEATHERING?
A. GLACIERS
B. ACID RAIN
C. OXIDATION
D. CARBONIC ACID

20. 20. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT AN EXAMPLE OF
MECHANICAL WEATHERING?
A. A GROWING PLANT ROOT SPLITS A ROCK.
B. IRON MINERALS IN ROCKS TURN BROWN AND CRUMBLE.
C. FROZEN WATER IN ROCK CRACKS BREAKS THE ROCK
APART.
D. NICKOULO KICKS A ROCK OVER A LEDGE, CAUSING IT TO
BREAK.

21. 21. IF THE TEMPERATURE OF THE MATERIALS IS LOW, WHAT
WILL HAPPEN TO THE ROCK?
A. IT WILL BRITTLE.
B. IT WILL BE STURDY.
C. IT WILL BE SPONGY.
D. IT WILL BECOME DUCTILE.

22. 22. WHAT IS THE LARGEST OCEAN BASIN IN THE WORLD?
A. ARCTIC OCEAN BASIN
B. ATLANTIC OCEAN BASIN
C. INDIAN OCEAN BASIN
D. PACIFIC OCEAN BASIN

23. 23. HOW DOES ROCK FORM?
A. THROUGH WEATHERING ONLY.
B. THROUGH WEATHERING AND EROSION ONLY.
C. THROUGH WEATHERING, EROSION, DEPOSITION ONLY.
D. THROUGH WEATHERING, EROSION, DEPOSITION,
COMPACTION, AND CEMENTATION.

24. 24. WHICH AMONG THE FOLLOWING IS A TYPE STRESS THAT
ACTS IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS WHERE ROCKS ARE PULLED
APART?
A. SHEAR STRESS
B. DEFORMATION
C. TENSIONAL STRESS
D. COMPRESSIONAL STRESS

25. 25. OLD OCEANIC CRUST IS DENSER THAN NEW OCEANIC
CRUST BECAUSE IT IS ________.
A. HOT
B. COOL
C. CONDUCTION
D. MOVING TOWARD A DEEP-OCEAN TRENCH

26. 26. WHICH AMONG THE FOLLOWING IS THE PROCESS BY
WHICH OXYGEN REACTS WITH IRON MINERALS IN ROCK TO
FORM RUST?
A. CARBONATION
B. ELECTROLYSIS
C. OXIDATION
D. SOLUTION

27. 27. WHAT TECHNOLOGY DID SCIENTISTS USE IN THE MID-
1900S TO MAP THE MID-OCEAN RIDGE?
A. DEEP-SEA DIVING
B. SATELLITES
C. SONAR
D. SUBMARINES

28. 28. DURING CONVECTION, HOT SUBSTANCES _______ WHILE
COOLER SUBSTANCES _______________.
A. RISE; SINK
B. SINK; RISE
C. RISE; REMAIN STATIONARY
D. SINK; REMAIN STATIONARY

29. 29. WITHIN WHICH OF THESE LAYERS DOES CONVECTION
OCCUR?
A. INNER CORE AND CRUST
B. INNER CORE AND OUTER CORE
C. MANTLE AND CRUST
D. OUTER CORE AND MANTLE

30. 30. WHEN DID PLANTS AND ANIMALS FIRST REACHED LAND?
A. CENOZOIC ERA
B. MESOZOIC ERA
C. PALEOZOIC ERA
D. PRECAMBRIAN

31. 31. HOW CAN AN IGNEOUS ROCK BECOME A METAMORPHIC
ROCK?
A. WHEN IT MELTS AND FORMS MAGMA
B. WHEN IT DISINTEGRATES INTO SMALLER PIECES
C. WHEN IT UNDERGOES WEATHERING AND EROSION
D. WHEN IT IS SUBJECTED TO HIGH TEMPERATURE AND
PRESSURE

32. 32. PEBBLES AND COBBLES IN A STREAM BED ARE SMOOTH
AND ROUNDED AS A RESULT OF THE PROCESS OF
____________.
A. ABRASION
B. CARBONATION
C. DIFFUSION
D. OXIDATION

33. 33. WHAT IS THE FORCE PER UNIT AREA THAT IS PLACED ON
A ROCK?
A. DEFORMATION
B. DUCTILE
C. STRAIN
D. STRESS

34. 34. WHICH AMONG THE FOLLOWING IS AN EVIDENCE OF
ANCIENT LIFE THAT CAN BE FOUND IN STRATIFIED ROCKS?
A. PUZZLE
B. FOSSILS
C. ELEMENTS
D. LAYERING

35. 35. THE FOLLOWING ARE FACTORS THAT CAN AFFECT THE
DEFORMATION OF ROCKS, EXCEPT:
A. PRESSURE
B. TEMPERATURE
C. ROCK MATERIAL
D. NUMBER OF MATERIALS