Dissociative Identity Disorder Theories and Treatments
When ADHD presents in traumatized children: A differential diagnoses.
1. When ADHD presents in traumatized children: A differential diagnoses. Sophia Deborah Erez California State University, Northridge December 2006
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7. Note. From “Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: Differential diagnosis in childhood sexual abuse ” by D. Weinstein, D. Staffelbach, and M. Biaggio, 2000, Clinical Psychology Review, 20 , p. 368.
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10. Overlapping Comorbidity Note. From “ Findings from the NIMH multimodal treatment study of ADHD (MTA): Implications and applications for primary care providers” by Jensen et al., 2001, Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 22 , 64. The symptoms resulting in the diagnoses of ADHD and ODD may have been caused by maltreatment and may actually be part of the anxiety associated with PTSD” (Famularo, Kinscherff & Fenton, 1992, p.866). “ A primary clinical implication is that children in treatment for disruptive behavior disorders may benefit from screening for maltreatment, accidental trauma, and PTSD symptoms” (Ford et al, 2000, p. 214).
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15. Arousal Zones Hyper arousal Hypo arousal Optimal Arousal Zone 1. Ventral Vagal “Social Engagement” 2. Sympathetic NS – Fight or Flight 3. Dorsal Vagal “Immobilization” Note. From Empowering the body in the treatment of trauma: The role of Sensorimotor Processing in trauma, by P. Ogden, 2006. Paper presented at the conference: The Embodied Mind: Integration of the Body, Brain, and Mind in Clinical Practice, Los Angeles, CA.
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19. How does trauma present? Note. From Complex trauma in children and adolescents (p. 32), by National Child Traumatic Stress Network, 2003. Retrieved April 9, 2006, from http://www.nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/edu_materials/ComplexTrauma_All.pdf
20. Child Trauma History: Most Frequent Exposure Types Note. From Complex trauma in children and adolescents (p. 32), by National Child Traumatic Stress Network, 2003. Retrieved April 9, 2006, from http://www.nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/edu_materials/ComplexTrauma_All.pdf
21. Child Trauma History: Less Frequent Exposure Types Note. From Complex trauma in children and adolescents (p. 32), by National Child Traumatic Stress Network, 2003. Retrieved April 9, 2006, from http://www.nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/edu_materials/ComplexTrauma_All.pdf
22. Complex Posttraumatic Sequelae: Most Frequent Difficulties Note. From Complex trauma in children and adolescents (p. 33), by National Child Traumatic Stress Network, 2003. Retrieved April 9, 2006, from http://www.nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/edu_materials/ComplexTrauma_All.pdf
23. Complex Posttraumatic Sequelae: Less Frequent Difficulties Note. From Complex trauma in children and adolescents (p. 33), by National Child Traumatic Stress Network, 2003. Retrieved April 9, 2006, from http://www.nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/edu_materials/ComplexTrauma_All.pdf
24. Relationship of Victims to Perpetrators in Substantiated Cases Note. From Complex trauma in children and adolescents, by National Child Traumatic Stress Network, 2003. Retrieved April 9, 2006, from http://www.nctsnet.org/nctsn_assets/pdfs/edu_materials/ComplexTrauma_All.pdf
Other descriptions: ill mannered, immoral, excessively passionate, emotional, idiot or imbecile despite normal intellectual development (Barkley, 1999, p.28).
The diagnoses we assign a cluster of symptoms often change over time. our understanding changes Societal context changes Technology changes, etc
They both mention anxiety disorders, but do not specifically list PTSD or trauma. In 2000 published “Clinical Practice Guideline: Diagnosis and Evaluation of the Child With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Makes six recommendations for the diagnosis of ADHD in addition to the DSM IV TR criteria including assessing for associated or coexisting conditions but fails to identify trauma.
Put some statistics on child abuse
Healing cannot begin unless the trauma ends!
Trauma may be ongoing. When it doesn’t end, the trauma and its implications for the child are compounded. The artist of this oil painting is Jody Castelli, a women who has been diagnosed with DID since doing this painting. She is a survivor of horrific child abuse which went undetected for her whole childhood. She had been institutionalized and misdiagnosed numerous times before learning she was DID and identifying 44 alter personalities.
In the book “Too scared to cry.” Terr wrote
“ Rapport is crucial for diagnosis” - (Blank, 1994, p. 353).
The authors review and evaluate the assessment measures currently available for the evaluation of potentially traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in children less than 6 years old.
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