1. Technology Blitz: A Practical Update on the Next Generation Technology
CrossRef Update
Services beyond linking
Chuck Koscher
Director of Technology
2. Mission Statement
"CrossRef is a not-for-profit membership
association whose mission is to enable easy
identification and use of trustworthy
electronic content by promoting the
cooperative development and application of a
sustainable infrastructure."
3. Mission Statement
"CrossRef is a not-for-profit membership
association whose mission is to enable easy
identification and use of trustworthy
electronic content by promoting the
cooperative development and application of a
sustainable infrastructure."
4. Mission Statement
"CrossRef is a not-for-profit membership
association whose mission is to enable easy
identification and use of trustworthy
electronic content by promoting the
cooperative development and application of a
sustainable infrastructure."
5. Mission Statement
"CrossRef is a not-for-profit membership
association whose mission is to enable easy
identification and use of trustworthy
electronic content by promoting the
cooperative development and application of a
sustainable infrastructure."
6. Core Services
Reference linking
16 mil
User Clicks 12 mil
Forward linking
62,947,372 cited-by links established
Over 60 million cited-by references pending resolution
7. Extended Services
Metadata distribution
Support publisher/aggregator internal linking systems
Feed article level links and metadata to search partners
Facilitate industry and research initiatives
XML file archives via FTP
OAI-PMH, sets defined by publisher and publication
Quality
Maintenance of the core services
8. Advanced Services
Author ID
Plagiarism detection
Authorized version Version Of Record
Record
9. Author ID
John Smith
John Smith
Li (Lee), Wang, Zhang,John Chen, Yang, Huang, Zhao, Zhou, Wu,
Liu, Smith
Xu, Sun, Zhu, Ma, Hu, Guo, Ln, He, Gao, Liang, Zheng, Luo,
John Smith
Song, Xie, Tang, SmithCao, Xu, Deng, Xiao
John Han,
Geoffrey Whitson Bilder
John Smith
Bilder, Geoffrey Whitson
John Smith
Geoffrey W. Bilder
John Smith
Cross-ID?
Bilder, Geoffrey W.
Bilder, G. W.
G. W. Bilder
Geoffrey Bilder
Bilder, Geoffrey
G. Bilder
Bilder, G.
10. Plagiarism detection
Text fingerprinting: a target
Text fingerprinting: a target
document de-composed
document de-composed
into short, normalized substrings
into short, normalized substrings
which are then compared against
which are then compared against
a database of pre-indexed
a database of pre-indexed
documents; originality report
documents; originality report
issued -- this must be interpreted
issued -- this must be interpreted
by a human being
by a human being
11. Plagiarism detection
submit tted manuscr ipt on lef tt,,dat abase “hit ””
submit ed manuscr ipt on lef dat abase “hit
on rright ;; similar it ies highlight ed. Text ual over lap
on ight similar it ies highlight ed. Text ual over lap
might be due tto: plagiar ism at ttempt ,,incor rrect cit at ion,
might be due o: plagiar ism at empt incor ect cit at ion,
“self -plagiar ism”, rrever se plagiar ism (when somebody
“self -plagiar ism”, ever se plagiar ism (when somebody
copies an ear lier manuscr ipt but get s published ffir st ),
copies an ear lier manuscr ipt but get s published ir st ),
coincidence, accept able rre-use
coincidence, accept able e-use
12. Plagiarism detection
Duplicat ion of bibliogr aphies is per ffect ly legit imat e; or
Duplicat ion of bibliogr aphies is per ect ly legit imat e; or
a mat h paper might legit imat ely cont ain lot s of quot ed
a mat h paper might legit imat ely cont ain lot s of quot ed
mat er ial and only a ffew lines of or iginal ttext -- say, in tthe
mat er ial and only a ew lines of or iginal ext -- say, in he
cont ext of complet ing or ext ending a pr oof ,, et c.
cont ext of complet ing or ext ending a pr oof et c.
13. Plagiarism detection
Some limit at ions ffor cur rrent PD
Some limit at ions or cur ent PD
ttechnology (clockwise ffrrom ttop
echnology (clockwise om op
lef tt): phot ogr aphs, gr aphs &
lef ): phot ogr aphs, gr aphs &
ttables, ffor mulae
ables, or mulae
14. Dat abase as cr it ical limit ing ff act or ;; if it doesn’t hold
Dat abase as cr it ical limit ing act or if it doesn’t hold
tt he rrelevant pr e-indexed cont ent ,, you ar e PD checking
he elevant pr e-indexed cont ent you ar e PD checking
in vain
in vain
15. Cr ossRef has rrecor ds ff or 26+ million scholar ly
Cr ossRef has ecor ds or 26+ million scholar ly
ar tticles, books, ttheses, conf er ence pr oceedings, et c.,
ar icles, books, heses, conf er ence pr oceedings, et c.,
rregist er ed
egist er ed
16. Plagiarism detection
Web
PD vendor s suppor tt mult iple
PD vendor s suppor mult iple
dat abases, wit h var ied access
dat abases, wit h var ied access
policies; Cr ossCheck will have it s
policies; Cr ossCheck will have it s
own dat abase and will also compar e
own dat abase and will also compar e
tt ar get s against tt he open Web
ar get s against he open Web
17. PHYSICS (AIP) ● AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY ● AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE ● AMERICAN MARKETING ASSOCIATION ● AMERICAN MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY (AMS) ● AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION ● AMERICAN
METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY ● AMERICAN PEANUT RESEARCH AND EDUCATION SOCIETY ● AMERICAN PHARMACISTS ASSOCIATION ● AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY (APS) ● AMERICAN PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSOCIATION (APTA) ● AMERICAN
PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY ● AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING ● AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (APA) ● AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION ● AMERICAN ROENTGEN RAY SOCIETY ● AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL
STUDIES AT ATHENS ● AMERICAN SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS ● AMERICAN SCIENTIST ● AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (ASBMB) ● AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH ● AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR
CELL BIOLOGY ● AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (ASCI) ● AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR CLINICAL PATHOLOGY ● AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL NEUROTHERAPEUTICS ● AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INVESTIGATIVE
PATHOLOGY ● AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY ● AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS ● AMERICAN SOCIETY OF AGRONOMY ● AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ANDROLOGY ● AMERICAN SOCIETY
OF ANIMAL SCIENCE ● AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS ● AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY (ASCO) ● AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEALTH SYSTEM PHARMACISTS ● AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY ● AMERICAN SOCIETY
OF NEPHROLOGY ● AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLANT BIOLOGISTS (ASPB) ● AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLANT TAXONOMISTS ● AMERICAN SPEECH-LANGUAGE-HEARING ASSOCIATION ● AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION ● AMERICAN THORACIC
SOCIETY ● AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION ● AMMONS SCIENTIFIC ● THE ANGLE ORTHODONTIST ● ANNALS OF FAMILY MEDICINE ● ANNUAL REVIEWS ● ARNOLD PUBLISHERS ● ASM INTERNATIONAL ● ASME INTERNATIONAL
● ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS ● ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTING MACHINERY (ACM) ● ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH IN VISION AND OPHTHALMOLOGY (ARVO) ● ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MEDICAL
INSTRUMENTATION ● ASSOCIATION FOR VASCULAR ACCESS ● ASSOCIATION OF LEARNED AND PROFESSIONAL SOCIETY PUBLISHERS (ALPSP) ● ASTM INTERNATIONAL ● ATLANTIS PRESS ● AUSTRALIAN ACADEMIC PRESS ● AUSTRALIAN COMPUTER
SOCIETY ● BAYWOOD PUBLISHING COMPANY INC. ● BC DECKER INC. ● BEECH TREE PUBLISHING ● BEGELL HOUSE ● BELLWETHER PUBLISHING ● BENTHAM SCIENCE ● BERGHAHN BOOKS ● BERKELEY ELECTRONIC PRESS ● BIOLOGICAL
PROCEDURES ONLINE ● BIOMED CENTRAL LTD. ● BIOONE ● BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY ● BIOSCIENTIFICA ● BLACKHORSE PUBLISHING ● BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP ● BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS ● BRITISH EDITORIAL SOCIETY OF BONE AND JOINT
SURGERY ● BRITISH INSTITUTE OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING ● BRITISH INSTITUTE OF RADIOLOGY ● BRITISH PSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY ● BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIENTISTS ● CABI PUBLISHING ● CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE FOR HUMAN
SCIENCE ● CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS (CUP) ● CANADIAN ACADEMIC ACCOUNTING ASSOCIATION ● CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS ● CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION ● CANADIAN METEOROLOGICAL AND
OCEANOGRAPHIC SOCIETY ● CANADIAN OPTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY ● CARDEN JENNINGS PUBLISHING CO. ● CARL HANSER VERLAG ● CARTOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SOCIETY ● CELL STRESS SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL ●
CENTER FOR PSYCHIATRIC REHABILITATION ● CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION ● CENTRAALBUREAU VOOR SCHIMMELCULTURES ● CENTRE FOR BIOSCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS ● CFA INSTITUTE ● CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY
● COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY PRESS (CSHL) ● COLLEGE ART ASSOCIATION ● COMMON GROUND ● COMMONWEALTH FORESTRY ASSOCIATION ● THE COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS ● COMPARATIVE LEGISLATIVE RESEARCH CENTER ●
COMPETENCE NETWORK PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY & HEMATOLOGY ● CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL ● CORNELL LABORATORY OF ORNITHOLOGY ● CROP SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA ● CSIRO PUBLISHING ● CURRENT BIODATA ● CZECH
GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY ● CZECH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ● DAAAM INTERNATIONAL ● DARTMOUTH COLLEGE LIBRARY ● DATA TRACE PUBLISHING COMPANY ● DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING, UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA ● DEPARTMENT OF
POLYMER ENGINEERING, SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, (BME) ● DIETITIANS OF CANADA ● DOVE MEDICAL PRESS ● DOWN SYNDROME EDUCATIONAL TRUST ● DUKE UNIVERSITY PRESS ● E-MED LTD. ● ECOLOGICAL
SOCIETY OF AMERICA ● ECOMED PUBLISHERS ● EDICIONES DOYMA ● EDP SCIENCES ● THE ELECTROMAGNETICS ACADEMY ● ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY ● ELSEVIER ● EMERALD (formerly MCB UP) ● EMW PUBLISHING ● THE
ENDOCRINE SOCIETY ● ENGLISH LITERATURE IN TRANSITION ● ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES ● EPI SCP (EL PROFESIONAL DE LA INFORMACION) ● EPP PUBLICATIONS LTD. ● EQUINE VETERINARY JOURNAL LTD. ● EQUINOX
PUBLISHING LTD. ● ERDKUNDE ● ESTONIAN ACADEMY PUBLISHERS ● EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF AQUATIC MAMMALS ● EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY ● EUROPEAN OPTICAL SOCIETY ● EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY
SOCIETY ● FACULTY OF FAMILY PLANNING AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE ● FDI WORLD DENTAL PRESS LTD. ● FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SOCIETIES FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY (FASEB) ● THE FEINSTEIN INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL
RESEARCH ● FIBRE DIFFRACTION REVIEW ● FISHERIES SCIENCES.COM ● FORUM FOR GLOBAL HEALTH PROTECTION ● FRAUNHOFER-INSTITUT FUR MATERIALFLUSS UND LOGISTIK ● FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE ● FUNDACION INFANCIA Y
APRENDIZAJE ● FUTURE DRUGS ● FUTURE MEDICINE LTD ● GAZI UNIVERSITY - TECHNICAL EDUCATION FACULTY ● THE GENETICS SOCIETY OF AMERICA ● GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA (GSA) ● GEOPHYSICAL CENTER OF THE RUSSIAN
ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ● GEOSCIENCEWORLD ● GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS ● GUNTHER EYSENBACH, JMIR PUBLICATIONS ● GWV FACHVERLAGE GmbH/VIEWEG PUBLISHING ● THE ALAN GUTTMACHER INSTITUTE ● HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO.
● THE HAWORTH PRESS, INC. ● HEALTH AFFAIRS (PROJECT HOPE) ● HELDREF PUBLICATIONS ● THE HIGHER EDUCATION ELECTRONIC & AUDIO-VIDEO PRESS ● HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION ● THE HISTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY ● THE
HISTORIC BRASS SOCIETY ● HOGREFE & HUBER PUBLISHING GROUP ● HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS SOCIETY ● HUMANA PRESS ● IFIS PUBLISHING ● ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY OF NORTH AMERICA (IESNA) ● IM
PUBLICATIONS ● IMPROBABLE RESEARCH INC. ● INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES ● INDIANA UNIVERSITY CENTER FOR GENOMICS AND BIOINFORMATICS ● INDIANA UNIVERSITY MATHEMATICS JOURNAL ● INDIANA UNIVERSITY PRESS ● INFORMA UK
LIMITED ● INSTITUTE FOR OPERATIONS RESEARCH AND THE MANAGEMENT SCIENCES (INFORMS) ● INSTITUTION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS ● INSTITUTION OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IET) ● THE INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS (IEEE) ● INSTITUTE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY, ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC ● INSTITUTE OF PHYSICAL OPTICS ● INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS (IOP) ● INSTITUTE OF PURE AND APPLIED
PHYSICS (IPAP) ● INSTITUTE OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES ● INTEGRATED OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAM- MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL ● INTEL CORPORATION ● INTELLECT ● INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR BRIDGE AND STRUCTURAL
ENGINEERING (IABSE) ● INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES ● INTERNATIONAL BONE AND MINERAL SOCIETY ● INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL ● INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH
INSTITUTE ● INTERNATIONAL GLACIOLOGICAL SOCIETY ● INTERNATIONAL HORMESIS SOCIETY ● INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOANALYSIS, LONDON ● INTERNATIONAL LIFE SCIENCES INSTITUTE ● INTERNATIONAL PHYCOLOGICAL
SOCIETY ● INTERNATIONAL READING ASSOCIATION ● INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ENDOVASCULAR SPECIALISTS ● INTERNATIONAL UNION OF CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (IUCr) ● INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY (IUPAC)
● IWA PUBLISHING ● JAPAN LASER PROCESSING SOCIETY ● JAPAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY (JST) ● JOHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY ● JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY PRESS (Project Muse) ● JOHNSON GRADUATE SCHOOL OF
MANAGEMENT, CORNELL UNIVERSITY ● JOHNSON MATTHEY ● JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA ● JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY ● JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY PUBLISHING GROUP (JNSPG) ● JOURNAL OF MARINE RESEARCH/YALE UNIVERSITY ●
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY ● JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (JRRD) ● JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY SCIENCE ● JSTOR ● S. KARGER AG ● LAMAZE INTERNATIONAL ●
LANDSCAPE ONLINE ● LASER PAGES PUBLISHING LTD. ● LAVOISIER ● LIBRAPHARM ● LOGICAL METHODS IN COMPUTER SCIENCE ● LOGOS INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING EDUCATION FOUNDATION ● M.E. SHARPE INC. ● MANEY PUBLISHING ●
MARS INFORMATICS ● MARSHFIELD CLINIC ● MARY ANN LIEBERT ● MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY ● MATHEMATICAL SCIENCE PUBLISHERS ● MBLWHOI LIBRARY "WOODS HOLE OPEN ACCESS SERVER" ● MCFARLAND & COMPANY INC., PUBLISHERS
● MCON INC. ● MEDICAL LIBRARY ASSOCIATION ● MEN'S STUDIES PRESS LLC ● MILBANK MEMORIAL FUND ● THE MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY ● MIT PRESS ● MODERN LANGUAGE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA ● MOHR SIEBECK e.k. ● MONASH
UNIVERSITY EPRESS ● MORGAN & CLAYPOOL PUBLISHERS LLC ● MTT AGRIFOOD RESEARCH FINLAND ● MULTILINGUAL MATTERS LTD ● MULTI-SCIENCE PUBLISHING CO LTD. ● NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR BUSINESS ECONOMICS ● NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION OF SCHOOL NURSES ● NATIONAL INQUIRY SERVICES CENTRE/AFRICAN JOURNALS ONLINE (NISC/AJOL) ● NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE (NIDA) ● NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INFORMATICS ● NATIONAL LIBRARY OF SERBIA ●
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA (NRCC) ● NATIONAL SCIENCE TEACHERS ASSOCIATION ● NATIONAL STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING ASSOCIATION ● NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP ● NEPAL JOURNALS ONLINE ● NEOPLASIA PRESS ●
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE ● NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ● NORTHWEST ATLANTIC FISHERIES ORGANIZATION ● NOW PUBLISHERS INC. ● NUCLEAR RECEPTOR SIGNALING ATLAS ● OCEANSIDE PUBLICATIONS INC. ● OFFICE
OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION ● OLDENBOURG WISSENSCHAFTSVERLAG GMBH ● ONCOLOGY NURSING SOCIETY ● OPERATIVE DENTISTRY ● OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA ● OSTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER
WISSENSCHAFTEN, VERLAG ● OXFORD INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHERS ● OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS (OUP) ● PACIFIC NORTHWEST FUNGI PROJECT ● PATRICIA SEYBOLD GROUP ● PEETERS PUBLISHERS ● PHARMACEUTICAL PRESS ●
PHARMACOTHERAPY PUBLICATIONS, INC. ● PHORTE EDITORA ● PIERS ENTERPRISE ● PION, LTD ● PLEIADES PUBLISHING ● THE POLICY PRESS, UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL ● PORTLAND PRESS ● PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF
SCIENCES (PNAS) ● PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERING PUBLISHING ● PROJECT EUCLID ● PROTEIN DATA BANK, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY ● PROUS SCIENCE ● THE PUBLIC LIBRARY OF SCIENCE ● QUESTIONS PUBLISHING ● RADIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF
NORTH AMERICA ● RADIOLOGY CASE REPORTS ● RESEARCH FOUNDATION OF THE CFA INSTITUTE ● RESEARCH INFORMATION LTD. ● RILEM PUBLICATIONS SARL ● THE ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY PRESS ● ROYAL COLLEGE OF OBSTETRICIANS
AND GYNAECOLOGISTS ● ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS ● THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND ● THE ROYAL SOCIETY ● THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY (RSC) ● THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE ● RURAL
SOCIOLOGICAL SOCIETY ● SAGE PUBLICATIONS ● SCHATTAUER GMBH ● SCHWEIZERBART ● SCIDEA LTD. ● SCIELO/PAHO/WHO ● SCIENCE IN CHINA PRESS ● SCIENCE REVIEWS 2000 LTD. ● SCIENCE SOCIETY OF THAILAND ● SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL
PUBLISHERS LTD ● SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA ● SHERBORNE GIBBS LTD ● SOCIAL SCIENCE ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING, INC ● SOCIEDADE PORTUGUESA DE VIDA SELVAGEM ● SOCIETE DE PATHOLOGIE EXOTIQUE ● SOCIETY FOR APPLIED
SPECTROSCOPY ● SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL DIABETES RESEARCH ● SOCIETY FOR ENDOCRINOLOGY ● SOCIETY FOR THE EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR ● SOCIETY FOR GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY ● SOCIETY FOR IMAGING SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY ● SOCIETY FOR INDUSTRIAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS ● SOCIETY FOR LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY ● SOCIETY FOR NEUROSCIENCE ● SOCIETY FOR PEDIATRIC PATHOLOGY ● THE SOCIETY FOR SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY ●
SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF REPRODUCTION ● THE SOCIETY OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY ● SOCIETY OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE ● SOCIETY OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERS ● SOCIETY OF RHEOLOGY ● SOIL AND WATER
CONSERVATION SOCIETY ● SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA ● SPIE - THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR OPTICAL ENGINEERING ● SPRINGER PUBLISHING COMPANY ● SPRINGER SCIENCE + BUSINESS MEDIA (Kluwer Academic Publishers) ●
STEWART POSTHARVEST SOLUTIONS ● SWISS CHEMICAL SOCIETY ● SWISS FORESTRY SOCIETY ● SYMPOSIUM JOURNALS ● TASH ● TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES ● THEOLOGICAL RESEARCH EXCHANGE NETWORK ● THIEME PUBLISHING
GROUP ● THOMAS LAND PUBLISHERS ● THOMAS TELFORD LTD. ● TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD ● TURPION ● UBC PRESS ● UITGEVERIJ BOOM ● UNITED KINGDOM SERIALS GROUP (UKSG) ● UNIVERSITE DU QUEBEC A CHICOUTIMI ●
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA ● UNIVERSITY OF BATH ● UNIVERSITY OF CADIZ LIBRARY ● UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS ● THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS ● UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS INC. ● UNIVERSITY OF VETERINARY AND
PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES ● UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB - UNIVERSITY COMPUTING CENTRE ● US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY (USGS) ● USDA FOREST SERVICE ● VATHEK PUBLISHING ● VERSITA ● VIETICA INC. ● VIETNAM JOURNALS ONLINE ● VITTORIO
KLOSTERMANN GMBH ● WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH & CO. KG ● WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION ● WESTBURN PUBLISHERS LTD ● WILDERNESS MEDICAL SOCIETY ● WHO PRESS ● JOHN WILEY & SONS ● WHITE HORSE PRESS ● WITPRESS LTD.
● WOLTERS KLUWER HEALTH ● WOODHEAD PUBLISHING LTD. ● WORLD ADVERTISING RESEARCH CENTER ● THE WORLD BANK ● THE WORLD CONSERVATION UNION (IUCN) ● WORLD SCIENTIFIC ● WORMBOOK
18. Plagiarism detection
Status?
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3
Duplicate
Database of
Workflow Integration Submission
Published Articles
Checking
Deposited
19. Authorized version
Existing Initiatives
ADI (Authorized Domain Index, Elsevier)
a.k.a. No Index Flag
Embedded in PDF, instructs search engines to ignore
AVOR (Authorized Version of Record, IOPP)
Visual cue that the article is authentic
Combat version proliferation (Niso article version)
Endorsed by both STM and ALPSP
Pre-empt VALREC (Validating Repository Content)
20. Version Of Record
Record
Need a ‘Cross’ – something kind of name!
Develop a concept which …
is based on DOI and utilizes its infrastructure
is NOT DRM
has a trustworthy social structure (brand)
Notes de l'éditeur
Developing a sustainable infrastructure is critical – CrossRef charges fees to cover its costs and invest in new developments. We need to have persistence for scholarly content and the services we run – the scholarly literature persists and so reference linking and DOIs need to persist. This is not just a technology problem it is a social problem. CrossRef needs to ensure that it will be around for a long time and to set up provision for what might happen if we aren’t around for some reason. Rod Page from the “ one could argue that it's because there is money invested in CrossRef that it succeeds -- there's no such thing as a free lunch. In the end the only services that persist are likely to be those that people value in (either directly or indirectly) financial terms. “ and another comment referred to the fees paid as “tokens of confidence”.
These three are the most substantial efforts currently at some point in our development lifecycle. Author ID has received an enthusiastic response from a variety of players, from editors to readers, but is the least advanced initiative. Geoff Bilder is keeping an ear on the activities of the OpenID Foundation which is attacking the issue from a Web-Wide perspective. Plagiarism is the furthest along and is currently in a pilot phase. Eight publishers are participating and to date over 2.7 million articles have been scanned into the database. CrossRef is currently negotiating agreements with iParadigm which address the relationship between iP and CrossRef and between iP and each participating publisher. Version of record record is fairly new and received its initial review by the CrossRef board in early November. It has similarities with AVOR (authorized version of record) and initiative started by IOPP and ADI (authorized domain index) being developed at Elsevier. The basic premise is to provide readers an assurance that an instance of of an article is in fact the one brought through the peer review process by the publisher. In part this effort is in response to, and somewhat an inverse of , the JISC sponsored VALREC (validating repository contents) project which seeks to digitally differentiate the “refereed published final draft “ from the IR preprint.
Classic problems of identity – CR is in a position to do something cross-eyed.
The PD process: 1) You have a manuscript that you want to check 2) You submit it to the PD system, which breaks the text up into small chunks and creates a “fingerprint” for the document. 3) It then searches a database of content to see if the fingerprints are shared by any of the documents already added to the database 4) The PD system then produces an “originality report” which shows the “percentage overlap” between documents. This report has to be *interpreted* by the person checking the document- and that is where the real work is.
The PD system will allow you to compare the document you are checking with database documents that share the same fingerprint. So the submitted manuscript is on the left and the database “hit” is on the right. The similar passages are highlighted. The similarity might be due to: 0) An attempt at plagiarism 1) Incorrect citation 2) Acceptable or unacceptable “self-plagiarism” 3) Reverse plagiarism (e.g. somebody copied an early manuscript and got it published first) 4) Coincidence 5) Acceptable copying...For instance...
Might be honest mechanical error Might be self-plagiarizing (acceptably or unacceptably) Might be ESL researcher using “patch writing” Might be ESL researcher unable to distinguish between “homage” and plagiarism Bibliographies might often include large percentages of “duplicated” content and this is perfectly legitimate. Similarly- a mathematics paper might contain up to two-thirds quoted material and only a few lines of “original material”- but this might be perfectly acceptable in the context of completing or extending a proof, etc. And speaking of “mathematics”- the user of the system also has to understand some of its limits...
Limitations of PD technology (clockwise from top left). These are all “black holes” to the PD system: Photographs Graphs & tables Formulae Note that above might be picked up anyway if the caption or descriptive text is copied- but it is still just detecting overlapping text. But perhaps the most important limitation is the database...
Remember the database? This is the critical part of the equation. If it doesn’t hold relevant data, it isn’t going to be helpful to you. It has to have documents that your authors are likely to plagiarize from so the biggest hurdle is the database – so if RSC wanted to use a system they can’t really do it on its own.
And this is where CrossRef can immediately help- we represent the vast majority of people who can provide the relevant data. (note that above is not meant to imply that those titles/publishers have agreed to participate- it is just meant ot illustrate relevant content.)
Commercial PD systems (e.g. iParadigms) can support multiple specialized databases – this already exists except for the CrossCheck piece.
CrossRef can help bring multiple publishers into system under consistent terms, etc. and help to create that all-important database.